The title compound, [Cd
2Cl
4(C
12H
9N
3)
2], was prepared under hydrothermal conditions. In the centrosymmetric dimeric molecule, two Cd
II atoms are bridged by two Cl atoms. One terminal Cl atom and two N atoms from a bidentate chelating 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole ligand complete a distorted square-pyramidal geometry around each Cd
II atom. A three-dimensional network is constructed
via intermolecular N—H
Cl and weak C—H
Cl hydrogen bonds, as well as π–π interactions between adjacent ligands with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.49 (1) Å between the benzimidazolyl and pyridyl groups and a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.54 (1) Å between the imidazolyl rings.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 672636
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 293 K
- Mean (C-C) = 0.004 Å
- R factor = 0.023
- wR factor = 0.062
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 17.0
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Alert level C
PLAT029_ALERT_3_C _diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full Low ....... 0.97
Alert level G
PLAT199_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _cell_measurement_temperature 293 K
PLAT200_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _diffrn_ambient_temperature . 293 K
PLAT794_ALERT_5_G Check Predicted Bond Valency for Cd1 (2) 1.99
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem
0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem
1 ALERT level C = Check and explain
3 ALERT level G = General alerts; check
2 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
0 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
0 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
1 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
A solution of CdCl2.2.5H2O (0.14 g, 0.61 mmol), 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole
(0.08 g, 0.41 mmol) (Alcade et al., 1992) and H2O (15 ml) was stirred
under ambient condition, then sealed in a 25 ml Teflon-lined stainless steel
vessel, heated at 383 K for 3 d and cooled to room temperature. The resulting
product was collected by filtration, washed with distilled water and dried in
air (yield 80%).
H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined as riding atoms, with C—H =
0.93 and N—H = 0.86Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C, N).
Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2002); cell refinement: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2002); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Siemens, 1994); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997).
Di-µ-chlorido-bis[chlorido[2-(2-pyridyl)-1
H-benzimidazole]cadmium(II)]
top
Crystal data top
[Cd2Cl4(C12H9N3)2] | Z = 1 |
Mr = 757.04 | F(000) = 368 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 2.032 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.852 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 1784 reflections |
b = 8.971 (2) Å | θ = 3.2–27.5° |
c = 9.466 (3) Å | µ = 2.18 mm−1 |
α = 103.224 (1)° | T = 293 K |
β = 101.050 (2)° | Prism, colorless |
γ = 100.665 (4)° | 0.40 × 0.25 × 0.15 mm |
V = 618.5 (3) Å3 | |
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury CCD diffractometer | 2765 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2646 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.015 |
ω scan | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.2° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2002) | h = −10→7 |
Tmin = 0.525, Tmax = 0.718 | k = −11→11 |
4683 measured reflections | l = −12→11 |
Refinement top
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.023 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.062 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0411P)2 + 0.1317P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2765 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
163 parameters | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −1.04 e Å−3 |
Crystal data top
[Cd2Cl4(C12H9N3)2] | γ = 100.665 (4)° |
Mr = 757.04 | V = 618.5 (3) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 1 |
a = 7.852 (2) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 8.971 (2) Å | µ = 2.18 mm−1 |
c = 9.466 (3) Å | T = 293 K |
α = 103.224 (1)° | 0.40 × 0.25 × 0.15 mm |
β = 101.050 (2)° | |
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury CCD diffractometer | 2765 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2002) | 2646 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.525, Tmax = 0.718 | Rint = 0.015 |
4683 measured reflections | |
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.023 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.062 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
2765 reflections | Δρmin = −1.04 e Å−3 |
163 parameters | |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
Cd1 | 0.702580 (19) | 0.513530 (16) | 0.653164 (14) | 0.02650 (7) | |
Cl1 | 0.46761 (8) | 0.67515 (7) | 0.60517 (6) | 0.03671 (13) | |
Cl2 | 0.99264 (7) | 0.68125 (6) | 0.66049 (6) | 0.03132 (12) | |
C1 | 0.8247 (3) | 0.1778 (3) | 0.6348 (2) | 0.0313 (4) | |
H1A | 0.8154 | 0.1761 | 0.5350 | 0.038* | |
C2 | 0.8710 (3) | 0.0522 (3) | 0.6827 (3) | 0.0343 (5) | |
H2A | 0.8920 | −0.0322 | 0.6161 | 0.041* | |
C3 | 0.8851 (3) | 0.0548 (3) | 0.8302 (3) | 0.0338 (5) | |
H3A | 0.9153 | −0.0283 | 0.8646 | 0.041* | |
C4 | 0.8540 (3) | 0.1826 (3) | 0.9277 (2) | 0.0305 (4) | |
H4A | 0.8635 | 0.1870 | 1.0281 | 0.037* | |
C5 | 0.8084 (3) | 0.3032 (2) | 0.8712 (2) | 0.0226 (4) | |
C6 | 0.7681 (3) | 0.4433 (2) | 0.9627 (2) | 0.0219 (4) | |
C7 | 0.7286 (3) | 0.6161 (2) | 1.1522 (2) | 0.0247 (4) | |
C8 | 0.7131 (3) | 0.7043 (3) | 1.2898 (2) | 0.0321 (4) | |
H8A | 0.7399 | 0.6726 | 1.3768 | 0.039* | |
C9 | 0.6561 (3) | 0.8398 (3) | 1.2894 (3) | 0.0367 (5) | |
H9A | 0.6423 | 0.9007 | 1.3783 | 0.044* | |
C10 | 0.6179 (3) | 0.8898 (3) | 1.1581 (3) | 0.0358 (5) | |
H10A | 0.5826 | 0.9839 | 1.1632 | 0.043* | |
C11 | 0.6318 (3) | 0.8019 (3) | 1.0226 (3) | 0.0311 (4) | |
H11A | 0.6053 | 0.8341 | 0.9360 | 0.037* | |
C12 | 0.6873 (3) | 0.6625 (2) | 1.0208 (2) | 0.0239 (4) | |
N1 | 0.7931 (2) | 0.3006 (2) | 0.72678 (19) | 0.0250 (3) | |
N2 | 0.7126 (2) | 0.55058 (19) | 0.90301 (18) | 0.0237 (3) | |
N3 | 0.7801 (2) | 0.4761 (2) | 1.11117 (19) | 0.0250 (3) | |
H3B | 0.8134 | 0.4205 | 1.1694 | 0.030* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
Cd1 | 0.02836 (11) | 0.03118 (10) | 0.02066 (10) | 0.00903 (7) | 0.00083 (7) | 0.01128 (7) |
Cl1 | 0.0397 (3) | 0.0401 (3) | 0.0265 (3) | 0.0207 (2) | −0.0043 (2) | 0.0030 (2) |
Cl2 | 0.0294 (3) | 0.0367 (3) | 0.0305 (3) | 0.0082 (2) | 0.0051 (2) | 0.0162 (2) |
C1 | 0.0372 (12) | 0.0334 (10) | 0.0232 (10) | 0.0104 (9) | 0.0057 (9) | 0.0074 (8) |
C2 | 0.0384 (12) | 0.0284 (10) | 0.0327 (11) | 0.0120 (9) | 0.0038 (9) | 0.0028 (9) |
C3 | 0.0371 (12) | 0.0297 (10) | 0.0356 (12) | 0.0138 (9) | 0.0019 (9) | 0.0123 (9) |
C4 | 0.0363 (11) | 0.0319 (10) | 0.0242 (10) | 0.0113 (9) | 0.0022 (8) | 0.0115 (8) |
C5 | 0.0192 (9) | 0.0256 (9) | 0.0223 (9) | 0.0050 (7) | 0.0014 (7) | 0.0084 (7) |
C6 | 0.0179 (8) | 0.0261 (9) | 0.0212 (9) | 0.0049 (7) | 0.0010 (7) | 0.0089 (7) |
C7 | 0.0201 (9) | 0.0286 (9) | 0.0231 (9) | 0.0034 (7) | 0.0022 (7) | 0.0073 (8) |
C8 | 0.0308 (11) | 0.0391 (11) | 0.0216 (10) | 0.0040 (9) | 0.0031 (8) | 0.0051 (8) |
C9 | 0.0337 (12) | 0.0399 (12) | 0.0292 (11) | 0.0073 (10) | 0.0063 (9) | −0.0022 (9) |
C10 | 0.0332 (12) | 0.0334 (11) | 0.0384 (12) | 0.0143 (9) | 0.0048 (10) | 0.0034 (9) |
C11 | 0.0294 (11) | 0.0333 (10) | 0.0329 (11) | 0.0124 (9) | 0.0045 (9) | 0.0121 (9) |
C12 | 0.0204 (9) | 0.0274 (9) | 0.0221 (9) | 0.0045 (7) | 0.0028 (7) | 0.0062 (7) |
N1 | 0.0270 (9) | 0.0257 (8) | 0.0219 (8) | 0.0059 (7) | 0.0032 (7) | 0.0081 (6) |
N2 | 0.0241 (8) | 0.0286 (8) | 0.0203 (8) | 0.0091 (7) | 0.0038 (6) | 0.0096 (6) |
N3 | 0.0267 (9) | 0.0279 (8) | 0.0205 (8) | 0.0068 (7) | 0.0013 (6) | 0.0101 (6) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Cd1—N2 | 2.2956 (17) | C6—N2 | 1.321 (2) |
Cd1—N1 | 2.3581 (17) | C6—N3 | 1.350 (3) |
Cd1—Cl2 | 2.4657 (8) | C7—N3 | 1.385 (3) |
Cd1—Cl1 | 2.5852 (7) | C7—C12 | 1.399 (3) |
Cd1—Cl1i | 2.5782 (7) | C7—C8 | 1.401 (3) |
C1—N1 | 1.334 (3) | C8—C9 | 1.371 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.389 (3) | C8—H8A | 0.9300 |
C1—H1A | 0.9300 | C9—C10 | 1.413 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.374 (3) | C9—H9A | 0.9300 |
C2—H2A | 0.9300 | C10—C11 | 1.379 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.390 (3) | C10—H10A | 0.9300 |
C3—H3A | 0.9300 | C11—C12 | 1.396 (3) |
C4—C5 | 1.385 (3) | C11—H11A | 0.9300 |
C4—Cl2ii | 3.690 (2) | C12—N2 | 1.392 (3) |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | N3—Cl2ii | 3.2708 (18) |
C5—N1 | 1.344 (3) | N3—H3B | 0.8600 |
C5—C6 | 1.477 (3) | | |
| | | |
N2—Cd1—N1 | 71.68 (6) | N3—C6—C5 | 125.53 (17) |
N2—Cd1—Cl2 | 101.94 (5) | N3—C7—C12 | 105.75 (17) |
N1—Cd1—Cl2 | 101.14 (5) | N3—C7—C8 | 132.14 (19) |
N2—Cd1—Cl1i | 141.01 (5) | C12—C7—C8 | 122.10 (19) |
N1—Cd1—Cl1i | 89.60 (5) | C9—C8—C7 | 116.4 (2) |
Cl2—Cd1—Cl1i | 115.34 (2) | C9—C8—H8A | 121.8 |
N2—Cd1—Cl1 | 95.34 (4) | C7—C8—H8A | 121.8 |
N1—Cd1—Cl1 | 151.59 (5) | C8—C9—C10 | 122.1 (2) |
Cl2—Cd1—Cl1 | 106.34 (3) | C8—C9—H9A | 119.0 |
Cl1i—Cd1—Cl1 | 85.21 (2) | C10—C9—H9A | 119.0 |
Cd1i—Cl1—Cd1 | 94.79 (2) | C11—C10—C9 | 121.3 (2) |
N1—C1—C2 | 122.4 (2) | C11—C10—H10A | 119.3 |
N1—C1—H1A | 118.8 | C9—C10—H10A | 119.3 |
C2—C1—H1A | 118.8 | C10—C11—C12 | 117.3 (2) |
C3—C2—C1 | 118.7 (2) | C10—C11—H11A | 121.3 |
C3—C2—H2A | 120.6 | C12—C11—H11A | 121.3 |
C1—C2—H2A | 120.6 | N2—C12—C11 | 130.41 (19) |
C2—C3—C4 | 119.5 (2) | N2—C12—C7 | 108.79 (17) |
C2—C3—H3A | 120.2 | C11—C12—C7 | 120.80 (19) |
C4—C3—H3A | 120.2 | C1—N1—C5 | 118.60 (17) |
C5—C4—C3 | 118.2 (2) | C1—N1—Cd1 | 124.66 (14) |
C5—C4—Cl2ii | 110.35 (14) | C5—N1—Cd1 | 116.71 (13) |
C3—C4—Cl2ii | 128.49 (14) | C6—N2—C12 | 105.63 (16) |
C5—C4—H4A | 120.9 | C6—N2—Cd1 | 115.58 (13) |
C3—C4—H4A | 120.9 | C12—N2—Cd1 | 138.63 (13) |
N1—C5—C4 | 122.49 (19) | C6—N3—C7 | 107.08 (16) |
N1—C5—C6 | 114.19 (16) | C6—N3—Cl2ii | 124.62 (12) |
C4—C5—C6 | 123.30 (18) | C7—N3—Cl2ii | 125.61 (12) |
N2—C6—N3 | 112.74 (17) | C6—N3—H3B | 126.5 |
N2—C6—C5 | 121.72 (17) | C7—N3—H3B | 126.5 |
| | | |
N2—Cd1—Cl1—Cd1i | −140.85 (5) | N2—Cd1—N1—C1 | 177.38 (19) |
N1—Cd1—Cl1—Cd1i | −80.23 (9) | Cl2—Cd1—N1—C1 | −83.59 (18) |
Cl2—Cd1—Cl1—Cd1i | 115.02 (2) | Cl1i—Cd1—N1—C1 | 32.19 (17) |
Cl1i—Cd1—Cl1—Cd1i | 0.0 | Cl1—Cd1—N1—C1 | 111.32 (17) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −0.1 (4) | N2—Cd1—N1—C5 | −0.68 (14) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.4 (4) | Cl2—Cd1—N1—C5 | 98.35 (14) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.4 (4) | Cl1i—Cd1—N1—C5 | −145.87 (14) |
C2—C3—C4—Cl2ii | −158.16 (17) | Cl1—Cd1—N1—C5 | −66.74 (18) |
C3—C4—C5—N1 | 0.1 (3) | N3—C6—N2—C12 | 0.4 (2) |
Cl2ii—C4—C5—N1 | 162.33 (15) | C5—C6—N2—C12 | 179.52 (18) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 178.6 (2) | N3—C6—N2—Cd1 | 176.70 (13) |
Cl2ii—C4—C5—C6 | −19.2 (2) | C5—C6—N2—Cd1 | −4.2 (2) |
N1—C5—C6—N2 | 3.5 (3) | C11—C12—N2—C6 | 179.2 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—N2 | −175.0 (2) | C7—C12—N2—C6 | −0.5 (2) |
N1—C5—C6—N3 | −177.46 (19) | C11—C12—N2—Cd1 | 4.2 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—N3 | 4.0 (3) | C7—C12—N2—Cd1 | −175.48 (15) |
N3—C7—C8—C9 | −179.7 (2) | N1—Cd1—N2—C6 | 2.49 (14) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −0.4 (3) | Cl2—Cd1—N2—C6 | −95.44 (14) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −1.0 (4) | Cl1i—Cd1—N2—C6 | 67.61 (16) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | 1.7 (4) | Cl1—Cd1—N2—C6 | 156.59 (14) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.7 (4) | N1—Cd1—N2—C12 | 177.1 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—N2 | 179.6 (2) | Cl2—Cd1—N2—C12 | 79.2 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | −0.7 (3) | Cl1i—Cd1—N2—C12 | −117.76 (19) |
N3—C7—C12—N2 | 0.5 (2) | Cl1—Cd1—N2—C12 | −28.8 (2) |
C8—C7—C12—N2 | −178.94 (19) | N2—C6—N3—C7 | −0.1 (2) |
N3—C7—C12—C11 | −179.27 (19) | C5—C6—N3—C7 | −179.20 (18) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | 1.3 (3) | N2—C6—N3—Cl2ii | −162.33 (12) |
C2—C1—N1—C5 | 0.6 (3) | C5—C6—N3—Cl2ii | 18.6 (3) |
C2—C1—N1—Cd1 | −177.40 (18) | C12—C7—N3—C6 | −0.2 (2) |
C4—C5—N1—C1 | −0.6 (3) | C8—C7—N3—C6 | 179.1 (2) |
C6—C5—N1—C1 | −179.19 (19) | C12—C7—N3—Cl2ii | 161.78 (12) |
C4—C5—N1—Cd1 | 177.57 (16) | C8—C7—N3—Cl2ii | −18.9 (3) |
C6—C5—N1—Cd1 | −1.0 (2) | | |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2. |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3B···Cl2ii | 0.86 | 2.45 | 3.2708 (18) | 160 |
C4—H4A···Cl2ii | 0.93 | 2.83 | 3.690 (2) | 155 |
Symmetry code: (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data |
Chemical formula | [Cd2Cl4(C12H9N3)2] |
Mr | 757.04 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.852 (2), 8.971 (2), 9.466 (3) |
α, β, γ (°) | 103.224 (1), 101.050 (2), 100.665 (4) |
V (Å3) | 618.5 (3) |
Z | 1 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.18 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.40 × 0.25 × 0.15 |
|
Data collection |
Diffractometer | Rigaku Mercury CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2002) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.525, 0.718 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 4683, 2765, 2646 |
Rint | 0.015 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
|
Refinement |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.023, 0.062, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 2765 |
No. of parameters | 163 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.48, −1.04 |
Selected geometric parameters (Å, º) topCd1—N2 | 2.2956 (17) | Cd1—Cl1 | 2.5852 (7) |
Cd1—N1 | 2.3581 (17) | Cd1—Cl1i | 2.5782 (7) |
Cd1—Cl2 | 2.4657 (8) | | |
| | | |
N2—Cd1—N1 | 71.68 (6) | Cl2—Cd1—Cl1i | 115.34 (2) |
N2—Cd1—Cl2 | 101.94 (5) | N2—Cd1—Cl1 | 95.34 (4) |
N1—Cd1—Cl2 | 101.14 (5) | N1—Cd1—Cl1 | 151.59 (5) |
N2—Cd1—Cl1i | 141.01 (5) | Cl2—Cd1—Cl1 | 106.34 (3) |
N1—Cd1—Cl1i | 89.60 (5) | Cl1i—Cd1—Cl1 | 85.21 (2) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3B···Cl2ii | 0.86 | 2.45 | 3.2708 (18) | 160 |
C4—H4A···Cl2ii | 0.93 | 2.83 | 3.690 (2) | 155 |
Symmetry code: (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2. |
The 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole ligand is often used to act as bidentate chelating ligand in metal complexes and those complexes can be mononuclear (Muller-Buschbaum & Quitmann, 2003), dinuclear (Dave & Czernuszewicz, 1994) or trinuclear (Tangoulis et al., 1996). The noncoordinating N—H group of the ligand acts as hydrogen bond donor for the formation of robust heteromeric hydrogen bonds, contributing to the crystal packing. Herein we report the synthesis and structure of the title compound with the 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole ligand.
The title compound is a centrosymmetric dimeric complex. The CdII atom is five-coordinated in an N2Cl3 environment with a distorted square-pyramidal geometry (Fig. 1). Two CdII atoms are bridged by two Cl atoms, forming a coplanar Cd2Cl2 unit. The coordination geometry is completed by one terminal Cl atom and two N atoms from the chelating 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole ligand (Table 1). Intermolecular N—H···Cl and C—H···Cl hydrogen bonds, as well as π–π interactions between the pyridyl and benzimidazole groups of two adjacent dinuclear units, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.49 (1) Å, lead to a one-dimensional chain (Fig. 2). The individual chains are associated with each other through π–π interactions between the imidazole rings of the neighboring chains, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.54 (1) Å, forming a two-dimensional layer structure. The layers are further connected into a three-dimensional network through weak C—H···Cl interactions [H2A···Cl2i = 2.92 Å, C2···Cl2i = 3.600 (2) Å, C2—H2A···Cl2i = 131°; symmetry code: (i) x, y - 1, z](Fig. 3).