4-Methyl-N-(4-methyl­phen­yl)benzamide

In the title compound, C₁₅H₁₅NO, the amide fragment has an anti conformation. The central amide group is tilted with respect to the benzoyl ring, forming a dihedral angle of 32.3 (5)°. The benzoyl and aniline rings make a dihedral angle of 59.6 (5)°. Mol­ecules are linked into infinite supra­molecular chains via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The mol­ecule is disordered so that the aromatic rings are disposed across a twofold axis with equal occupancies.

Related literature

For background to our study of the substituent effects on the structures of benzanilides, see: Gowda et al. (2003). For related structures, see Gowda et al. (2008a,b, 2009).

Experimental

Crystal data

• C₁₅H₁₅NO

• M_r = 225.28

• Monoclinic, C 2/c

• a = 13.3236 (5) Å

• b = 5.3591 (2) Å

• c = 17.3525 (6) Å

• β = 92.248 (3)°

• V = 1238.06 (8) ų

• Z = 4

• Mo Kα radiation

• μ = 0.08 mm⁻¹

• T = 295 K

• 0.26 × 0.25 × 0.07 mm

Data collection

• Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur System diffractometer

• Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2007) T_min = 0.984, T_max = 0.995

• 8166 measured reflections

• 1235 independent reflections

• 775 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

• R_int = 0.029

Refinement

• R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.037

• wR(F²) = 0.103

• S = 0.99

• 1235 reflections

• 154 parameters

• 59 restraints

• H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement

• Δρ_max = 0.12 e Å⁻³

• Δρ_min = −0.12 e Å⁻³

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N1—H1N⋯O1^i	0.883 (15)	2.416 (19)	3.202 (3)	148.3 (6)
Symmetry code: (i) x, y+1, z.

Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); cell refinement: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); data reduction: CrysAlis RED; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2002); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97, PLATON (Spek, 2009) and WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).

Supporting information

S1. Comment

In the present work, as part of a study of the substituent effects on the structures of benzanilides (Gowda et al., 2003; Gowda et al., 2008a,b), the structure of 4-methyl-N- (4-methylphenyl)benzamide (I) has been determined. The amide adopts an anti-conformation (Fig. 1), similar to that observed in N-(4-methylphenyl)benzamide (N4MPBA) (Gowda et al., 2008a), 4-methyl-N-(phenyl)benzamide (NP4MBA) (Gowda et al., 2009), 2-methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)benzamide (N4MP2MBA) (Gowda et al., 2008b) and other benzanilides (Gowda et al., 2003). The central amide group is tilted to the benzoyl ring at an angle of 32.3 (5)°, compared to the values of 20.7 (2)°, 33.9 (14)°, 60.0 (1)°, observed for N4MPBA, NP4MBA and N4MP2MBA, respectively. The two aromatic rings form a dihedral angle of 59.6 (5)°, in comparison with the values in the structures cited above of 63.4 (1)°, 61.0 (1)°, and 81.4 (1)°, respectively. The molecules are linked by N—H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 1) into supramolecular chains running along the b axis (Fig. 2).

Related literature

For background to our study of the substituent effects on the structures of benzanilides, see: Gowda et al. (2003). For related structures, see Gowda et al. (2008a,b, 2009).

S2. Experimental

Compound (I) was prepared according to the method described by Gowda et al. (2003). Plate-like colourless single crystals were obtained by slow evaporation from an ethanol solution (ca. 30 ml) of (I) (0.5 g) held at room temperature.

S3. Refinement

H atoms attached to C atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined in the riding model approximation with C–H distances of 0.93 or 0.96 Å. The position of amide-H was refined; N-H = 0.883 (15) Å. The U_iso(H) values were set at 1.2 U_eq(C-aromatic, N) and 1.5 U_eq(C-methyl). The structure was found to be disordered in space group C2/c. The amide-O and -H atoms lie on a 2-fold axis with the aromatic rings disordered about this axis with equal occupancies. The geometries of the rings were restrained using the SADI and FLAT commands and the anisotropic displacement parameters were restrained with the DELU command in SHELXL-97 (Sheldrick, 2008). The atoms of the aniline moiety exhibit large thermal motion which accounts for the low value of the average ring bond distance of 1.359 (6) Å.

Computing details

Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); cell refinement: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2002); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), PLATON (Spek, 2009) and WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).

Figures

	Fig. 1. Molecular structure of (I) showing the atom labelling scheme and one orientation of the disordered molecule. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H atoms are represented as small spheres of arbitrary radii.
	Fig. 2. Part of the crystal structure of (I) showing supramolecular chains running along the b axis connected by N—H···O^i hydrogen bonds, shown by dashed lines. H atoms not involved in intermolecular bonding have been omitted for reasons of clarity. Symmetry operation (i): x, y +1, z.

4-Methyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)benzamide

Crystal data

C15H15NO	F(000) = 480
Mr = 225.28	Dx = 1.209 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, C2/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -C 2yc	Cell parameters from 2932 reflections
a = 13.3236 (5) Å	θ = 3.2–29.2°
b = 5.3591 (2) Å	µ = 0.08 mm^−1
c = 17.3525 (6) Å	T = 295 K
β = 92.248 (3)°	Plate, colorless
V = 1238.06 (8) Å^3	0.26 × 0.25 × 0.07 mm
Z = 4

Data collection

Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur System diffractometer	1235 independent reflections
Graphite monochromator	775 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Detector resolution: 10.434 pixels mm^-1	Rint = 0.029
ω scans with κ offsets	θmax = 26.2°, θmin = 3.8°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2007)	h = −16→16
Tmin = 0.984, Tmax = 0.995	k = −6→6
8166 measured reflections	l = −21→21

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.037	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F^2) = 0.103	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 0.99	w = [exp(0.90(sinθ/λ)^2)]/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.068P)^2] where P = 0.33333Fo^2 + 0.66667Fc^2
1235 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
154 parameters	Δρmax = 0.12 e Å^−3
59 restraints	Δρmin = −0.12 e Å^−3

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F² against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The threshold expression of F² > σ(F²) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq	Occ. (<1)
O1	0.5	−0.0539 (2)	0.25	0.0805 (4)
C8	0.52889 (16)	0.1648 (5)	0.26154 (14)	0.0581 (6)	0.5
C9	0.6171 (5)	0.2387 (10)	0.3106 (4)	0.0555 (13)	0.5
C10	0.6994 (7)	0.0833 (15)	0.3106 (7)	0.0633 (14)	0.5
H10	0.6972	−0.0616	0.2811	0.076*	0.5
C11	0.7862 (10)	0.142 (3)	0.3548 (6)	0.0640 (17)	0.5
H11	0.8413	0.0354	0.3549	0.077*	0.5
C12	0.7905 (9)	0.361 (3)	0.3989 (11)	0.061 (2)	0.5
C13	0.7076 (9)	0.522 (3)	0.3987 (9)	0.085 (3)	0.5
H13	0.7087	0.6686	0.4272	0.102*	0.5
C14	0.6229 (6)	0.4507 (13)	0.3538 (6)	0.0705 (18)	0.5
H14	0.5671	0.555	0.3533	0.085*	0.5
C15	0.8883 (6)	0.3929 (11)	0.4511 (4)	0.0850 (19)	0.5
H15A	0.8777	0.5189	0.4893	0.127*	0.5
H15B	0.9428	0.4419	0.4198	0.127*	0.5
H15C	0.9044	0.2375	0.4762	0.127*	0.5
N1	0.47296 (14)	0.3550 (4)	0.23226 (11)	0.0625 (6)	0.5
H1N	0.5	0.495 (4)	0.25	0.075*
C1	0.3832 (5)	0.3400 (10)	0.1864 (4)	0.0567 (15)	0.5
C2	0.3155 (8)	0.1540 (16)	0.1904 (7)	0.0730 (18)	0.5
H2	0.3287	0.0205	0.2235	0.088*	0.5
C3	0.2279 (10)	0.157 (3)	0.1466 (8)	0.083 (3)	0.5
H3	0.1838	0.0245	0.1517	0.099*	0.5
C4	0.2007 (11)	0.343 (3)	0.0962 (12)	0.076 (3)	0.5
C5	0.2728 (8)	0.520 (3)	0.0939 (8)	0.081 (2)	0.5
H5	0.2613	0.6482	0.0586	0.097*	0.5
C6	0.3605 (6)	0.5322 (14)	0.1370 (6)	0.0728 (17)	0.5
H6	0.4035	0.6677	0.1329	0.087*	0.5
C7	0.1050 (8)	0.3838 (19)	0.0558 (5)	0.146 (4)	0.5
H7A	0.0578	0.2603	0.0714	0.219*	0.5
H7B	0.1134	0.3716	0.0012	0.219*	0.5
H7C	0.0805	0.547	0.068	0.219*	0.5

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0817 (8)	0.0553 (7)	0.1022 (9)	0	−0.0262 (7)	0
C8	0.0577 (18)	0.0537 (13)	0.0624 (16)	−0.0023 (10)	−0.0047 (12)	−0.0014 (11)
C9	0.0529 (18)	0.053 (3)	0.0602 (18)	0.001 (2)	−0.0042 (13)	−0.004 (2)
C10	0.052 (2)	0.063 (4)	0.074 (2)	0.004 (2)	−0.0032 (17)	−0.016 (3)
C11	0.046 (3)	0.078 (4)	0.067 (3)	0.003 (3)	−0.0077 (19)	−0.001 (2)
C12	0.045 (3)	0.077 (4)	0.058 (4)	−0.005 (2)	−0.016 (2)	0.000 (3)
C13	0.087 (5)	0.082 (4)	0.084 (4)	0.024 (4)	−0.023 (3)	−0.008 (3)
C14	0.056 (2)	0.070 (5)	0.084 (4)	0.011 (3)	−0.019 (2)	−0.004 (4)
C15	0.052 (2)	0.104 (3)	0.097 (5)	−0.017 (2)	−0.021 (2)	0.001 (3)
N1	0.0602 (15)	0.0521 (11)	0.0736 (15)	−0.0012 (9)	−0.0166 (9)	−0.0010 (9)
C1	0.0564 (17)	0.057 (4)	0.056 (2)	0.004 (3)	−0.0120 (15)	0.004 (3)
C2	0.075 (5)	0.064 (4)	0.080 (3)	0.000 (3)	−0.003 (3)	0.024 (3)
C3	0.058 (5)	0.085 (4)	0.104 (5)	−0.017 (3)	−0.004 (3)	0.002 (3)
C4	0.069 (5)	0.096 (5)	0.063 (4)	0.003 (3)	−0.007 (4)	−0.015 (3)
C5	0.073 (4)	0.104 (5)	0.063 (3)	0.003 (3)	−0.017 (3)	0.016 (3)
C6	0.074 (4)	0.068 (4)	0.076 (3)	−0.007 (3)	−0.007 (3)	0.013 (3)
C7	0.100 (5)	0.274 (11)	0.061 (3)	0.040 (5)	−0.025 (3)	0.001 (4)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C8	1.247 (3)	N1—N1^i	0.929 (3)
O1—C8^i	1.247 (3)	N1—C1	1.413 (6)
C8—C8^i	0.854 (4)	N1—H1N	0.883 (15)
C8—C9	1.478 (7)	C1—C2	1.348 (5)
C9—C14	1.362 (6)	C1—C6	1.366 (5)
C9—C10	1.377 (5)	C2—C3	1.368 (7)
C10—C11	1.398 (7)	C2—H2	0.93
C10—H10	0.93	C3—C4	1.363 (7)
C11—C12	1.402 (7)	C3—H3	0.93
C11—H11	0.93	C4—C5	1.352 (7)
C12—C13	1.400 (6)	C4—C7	1.447 (14)
C12—C15	1.567 (11)	C5—C6	1.363 (8)
C13—C14	1.398 (10)	C5—H5	0.93
C13—H13	0.93	C6—H6	0.93
C14—H14	0.93	C7—H7A	0.96
C15—H15A	0.96	C7—H7B	0.96
C15—H15B	0.96	C7—H7C	0.96
C15—H15C	0.96
C8^i—C8—C9	162.2 (4)	C2—C1—N1	124.5 (6)
O1—C8—C9	125.3 (3)	C6—C1—N1	118.2 (6)
C14—C9—C10	118.4 (6)	C1—C2—C3	121.3 (9)
C14—C9—C8	124.6 (6)	C1—C2—H2	119.3
C10—C9—C8	117.0 (6)	C3—C2—H2	119.3
C9—C10—C11	120.4 (9)	C4—C3—C2	124.5 (12)
C9—C10—H10	119.8	C4—C3—H3	117.8
C11—C10—H10	119.8	C2—C3—H3	117.8
C10—C11—C12	120.2 (11)	C5—C4—C3	111.0 (12)
C10—C11—H11	119.9	C5—C4—C7	119.5 (11)
C12—C11—H11	119.9	C3—C4—C7	129.0 (10)
C13—C12—C11	119.9 (10)	C4—C5—C6	127.8 (13)
C13—C12—C15	124.9 (9)	C4—C5—H5	116.1
C11—C12—C15	114.9 (8)	C6—C5—H5	116.1
C14—C13—C12	116.9 (10)	C5—C6—C1	118.1 (10)
C14—C13—H13	121.5	C5—C6—H6	121
C12—C13—H13	121.5	C1—C6—H6	121
C9—C14—C13	124.1 (8)	C4—C7—H7A	109.5
C9—C14—H14	117.9	C4—C7—H7B	109.5
C13—C14—H14	117.9	H7A—C7—H7B	109.5
N1^i—N1—C1	172.2 (4)	C4—C7—H7C	109.5
N1^i—N1—H1N	58.3 (7)	H7A—C7—H7C	109.5
C1—N1—H1N	124.7 (6)	H7B—C7—H7C	109.5
C2—C1—C6	117.2 (6)
C8^i—O1—C8—C9	169.7 (6)	C8—C9—C14—C13	−178.6 (11)
C8^i—C8—C9—C14	1.0 (19)	C12—C13—C14—C9	0 (2)
O1—C8—C9—C14	−145.7 (6)	C6—C1—C2—C3	0.1 (17)
C8^i—C8—C9—C10	−177.5 (15)	N1—C1—C2—C3	176.9 (10)
O1—C8—C9—C10	35.8 (9)	C1—C2—C3—C4	0 (3)
C14—C9—C10—C11	0.6 (15)	C2—C3—C4—C5	1 (3)
C8—C9—C10—C11	179.2 (9)	C2—C3—C4—C7	−170.1 (17)
C9—C10—C11—C12	−1 (2)	C3—C4—C5—C6	−3 (3)
C10—C11—C12—C13	0 (3)	C7—C4—C5—C6	169.1 (16)
C10—C11—C12—C15	175.0 (12)	C4—C5—C6—C1	4 (3)
C11—C12—C13—C14	0 (3)	C2—C1—C6—C5	−1.7 (15)
C15—C12—C13—C14	−174.0 (15)	N1—C1—C6—C5	−178.8 (10)
C10—C9—C14—C13	−0.2 (16)

Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, y, −z+1/2.

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N1—H1N···O1^ii	0.88 (2)	2.42 (2)	3.202 (3)	148 (1)

Symmetry code: (ii) x, y+1, z.