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Acta Cryst. (2009). E65, o2137    [ doi:10.1107/S1600536809031122 ]

3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[f]quinoline

S.-L. Wang, Q. Li, X.-S. Wang and S.-J. Tu

Abstract top

In the title compound, C25H15ClN2O2, the pyridine ring is inclined at angles of 6.89 (7), 4.24 (9) and 66.98 (4)° with respect to the naphthalene, chlorophenyl and nitrophenyl rings, respectively. The two substituent aromatic rings make a dihedral angle of 71.1 (1)° with one another. C-H...[pi] and [pi]-[pi] stacking are present in the crystal structure; the [pi]-[pi] stacking [centroid-centroid distance between the pyridyl rings of adjacent molecules= 3.7838 (11) Å] links the molecules into dimers, while the C-H...Cg type [pi]-ring interactons link the molecules into a chain structure along c.

Comment top

Quinoline and its derivatives represent an important class of nitrogen-containing heterocycles as they constitute useful intermediates in organic synthesis and are useful dyes (Brock et al., 1999). They are well known in the pharmaceutical industry and have been shown to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities including such as antiasthmatic, antiinflammatory and antimalarial activity (Sawada, et al., 2004; Ma et al., 2004; Fokialakis et al., 2002). In addition, quinoline derivatives have been evaluated as anticancer and anthelmintic agents (Sakata et al., 1988). We report here the preparation and crystal structure of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[f]quinoline, (I).

In the structure of (I) (Fig. 1), the benzoquinoline moiety is not quite planar as C3 deviates by 0.169 (1) Å from the mean-plane formed by the atoms N1/C1–C13. The pyridine ring is inclined at angles 6.89 (7), 4.24 (9) and 66.98 (4) ° with respect to the naphthalene (C4–C13), and phenyl rings C14–C19 and C20–C25, respectively. The two phenyl rings make a dihedral angle of 71.1 (1) °.

The C—H···π and π–π stacking are present in the crystal structure of (I). The π–π stacking (Cg···Cg distance 3.7838 (11) Å between the pyridyl rings of adjacent molecules) links the molecules into dimmers, while the C24—H24A···Cg stacking links the molecules into polymers (Figure 2).

The following crystal structures of compounds closely related to (I) have been reported: 13-(4-fluorophenyl)-12H-benzo[f]indeno[1,2-b]quinolin-12-one (Tu et al., 2006) and 5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[a]phenanthridine (Xie et al., 2009).

Related literature top

Quinoline and its derivatives are intermediates in organic synthesis and are useful dyes, see: Brock et al. (1999). They possess a broad spectrum of biological activity, such as antiasthmatic, antiinflammatory and antimalarial, see: Fokialakis et al. (2002); Ma et al. (2004); Sawada et al. (2004). In addition, quinoline derivatives have been evaluated as anticancer and anthelmintic agents, see: Sakata et al. (1988). For related structures, see: Tu et al. (2006); Xie et al. (2009).

Experimental top

The title compound, (I), was prepared by the reaction of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (2 mmol, 0.281 g), naphthalen-2-amine (2 mmol, 0.283 g) and 2-bromoacetophenone (2 mmol, 0.498 g) in THF (10 ml) at 338 K catalyzed by iodine. m.p. 559–561 K. The single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of an ethanol solution of (I).

Refinement top

H-atoms were included at geometrically idealized positions and refined in riding-model approximation with the following constraints: C—H distances were set to 0.95 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C).

Computing details top

Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999); cell refinement: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: CrystalStructure/MSC (Rigaku/MSC (2003).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The molecular structure of (I) plotted with 50% probability of displacement ellipsoids and the atom-numbering scheme.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. The molecular packing diagram showing the C—H···π and π–π stacking in the crystal of (I).
3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[f]quinoline top
Crystal data top
C25H15ClN2O2Z = 2
Mr = 410.84F(000) = 424
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.443 Mg m−3
Hall symbol: -P 1Melting point = 559–561 K
a = 9.1390 (12) ÅMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71070 Å
b = 9.5350 (11) ÅCell parameters from 3276 reflections
c = 11.9668 (17) Åθ = 1.9–27.9°
α = 108.182 (4)°µ = 0.23 mm−1
β = 105.366 (4)°T = 113 K
γ = 92.739 (3)°Block, yellow
V = 945.6 (2) Å30.34 × 0.32 × 0.22 mm
Data collection top
Rigaku Saturn
diffractometer		4467 independent reflections
Radiation source: rotating anode3779 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
confocalRint = 0.034
Detector resolution: 14.63 pixels mm-1θmax = 27.9°, θmin = 2.3°
ω scansh = −12→12
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrystalClear; Rigaku, 1999)		k = −12→12
Tmin = 0.926, Tmax = 0.952l = −15→15
11798 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.129H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.06 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0619P)2 + 0.2446P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
4467 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
271 parametersΔρmax = 0.36 e Å−3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.47 e Å−3
Crystal data top
C25H15ClN2O2γ = 92.739 (3)°
Mr = 410.84V = 945.6 (2) Å3
Triclinic, P1Z = 2
a = 9.1390 (12) ÅMo Kα radiation
b = 9.5350 (11) ŵ = 0.23 mm−1
c = 11.9668 (17) ÅT = 113 K
α = 108.182 (4)°0.34 × 0.32 × 0.22 mm
β = 105.366 (4)°
Data collection top
Rigaku Saturn
diffractometer		4467 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrystalClear; Rigaku, 1999)		3779 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.926, Tmax = 0.952Rint = 0.034
11798 measured reflectionsθmax = 27.9°
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.129Δρmax = 0.36 e Å−3
S = 1.06Δρmin = −0.47 e Å−3
4467 reflectionsAbsolute structure: ?
271 parametersFlack parameter: ?
0 restraintsRogers parameter: ?
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cl1−0.44740 (5)1.45046 (5)0.65255 (4)0.03265 (15)
O10.11873 (18)0.19922 (14)0.55020 (13)0.0390 (4)
O20.20781 (16)0.29045 (15)0.43402 (12)0.0373 (3)
N10.09795 (15)1.16854 (15)0.97919 (12)0.0190 (3)
N20.16218 (16)0.30287 (16)0.52288 (13)0.0237 (3)
C10.03104 (17)1.11236 (17)0.85802 (15)0.0180 (3)
C20.05962 (18)0.97511 (17)0.78672 (15)0.0197 (3)
H20.00850.93700.70080.024*
C30.16056 (18)0.89462 (17)0.83916 (14)0.0178 (3)
C40.24330 (17)0.95634 (17)0.96652 (15)0.0181 (3)
C50.20143 (17)1.09302 (17)1.03223 (15)0.0184 (3)
C60.26619 (18)1.15733 (18)1.16297 (15)0.0212 (3)
H60.23611.24751.20620.025*
C70.36952 (19)1.09148 (19)1.22567 (15)0.0228 (4)
H70.40741.13371.31280.027*
C80.42320 (18)0.95928 (18)1.16351 (15)0.0208 (3)
C90.36459 (18)0.89220 (17)1.03335 (15)0.0193 (3)
C100.43260 (18)0.77063 (18)0.97623 (16)0.0221 (4)
H100.40000.72730.88900.027*
C110.54513 (19)0.71333 (19)1.04391 (17)0.0253 (4)
H110.58790.63081.00290.030*
C120.59711 (19)0.7757 (2)1.17264 (17)0.0265 (4)
H120.67250.73421.21920.032*
C130.53780 (19)0.89731 (19)1.23024 (16)0.0244 (4)
H130.57460.94111.31730.029*
C14−0.08359 (18)1.19683 (17)0.80328 (15)0.0187 (3)
C15−0.17082 (19)1.14279 (18)0.67950 (15)0.0224 (4)
H15−0.15431.05140.62650.027*
C16−0.28137 (19)1.22157 (19)0.63335 (16)0.0237 (4)
H16−0.34071.18400.54920.028*
C17−0.30481 (18)1.35505 (19)0.71036 (16)0.0222 (4)
C18−0.21770 (19)1.41347 (19)0.83272 (16)0.0236 (4)
H18−0.23231.50670.88450.028*
C19−0.10882 (19)1.33288 (18)0.87788 (15)0.0209 (3)
H19−0.04971.37130.96200.025*
C200.16339 (17)0.74070 (17)0.75715 (15)0.0184 (3)
C210.21663 (19)0.71865 (18)0.65500 (15)0.0216 (3)
H210.25400.80230.63830.026*
C220.21556 (18)0.57585 (18)0.57745 (15)0.0214 (3)
H220.25280.56040.50820.026*
C230.15882 (18)0.45621 (17)0.60359 (14)0.0193 (3)
C240.09988 (19)0.47391 (18)0.70168 (15)0.0221 (4)
H240.05900.38990.71610.027*
C250.10213 (19)0.61767 (18)0.77824 (15)0.0215 (3)
H250.06160.63260.84580.026*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cl10.0261 (2)0.0316 (3)0.0412 (3)0.01053 (18)0.0055 (2)0.0162 (2)
O10.0580 (9)0.0188 (6)0.0367 (8)0.0056 (6)0.0139 (7)0.0046 (6)
O20.0424 (8)0.0319 (7)0.0299 (7)0.0032 (6)0.0144 (6)−0.0031 (6)
N10.0188 (7)0.0175 (6)0.0199 (7)0.0015 (5)0.0058 (6)0.0054 (5)
N20.0208 (7)0.0257 (7)0.0182 (7)0.0025 (6)0.0012 (6)0.0022 (6)
C10.0174 (7)0.0159 (7)0.0211 (8)0.0008 (6)0.0073 (6)0.0057 (6)
C20.0201 (8)0.0176 (7)0.0193 (8)0.0014 (6)0.0053 (6)0.0041 (6)
C30.0188 (7)0.0149 (7)0.0202 (8)0.0015 (6)0.0085 (6)0.0042 (6)
C40.0175 (8)0.0159 (7)0.0216 (8)0.0009 (6)0.0073 (6)0.0060 (6)
C50.0176 (7)0.0166 (7)0.0211 (8)0.0013 (6)0.0067 (6)0.0056 (6)
C60.0229 (8)0.0178 (7)0.0206 (8)0.0006 (6)0.0070 (7)0.0031 (6)
C70.0243 (8)0.0227 (8)0.0188 (8)0.0001 (7)0.0048 (7)0.0053 (7)
C80.0192 (8)0.0196 (8)0.0249 (9)−0.0003 (6)0.0066 (7)0.0094 (7)
C90.0176 (7)0.0181 (7)0.0235 (8)0.0005 (6)0.0075 (6)0.0080 (7)
C100.0194 (8)0.0216 (8)0.0266 (9)0.0029 (6)0.0084 (7)0.0082 (7)
C110.0209 (8)0.0228 (8)0.0354 (10)0.0054 (7)0.0107 (7)0.0118 (8)
C120.0224 (8)0.0281 (9)0.0340 (10)0.0061 (7)0.0069 (8)0.0182 (8)
C130.0235 (8)0.0262 (9)0.0232 (9)0.0004 (7)0.0033 (7)0.0114 (7)
C140.0189 (8)0.0169 (7)0.0211 (8)0.0016 (6)0.0067 (6)0.0072 (6)
C150.0251 (8)0.0173 (8)0.0231 (9)0.0036 (6)0.0065 (7)0.0049 (7)
C160.0242 (8)0.0232 (8)0.0209 (9)0.0017 (7)0.0027 (7)0.0072 (7)
C170.0182 (8)0.0223 (8)0.0289 (9)0.0042 (6)0.0074 (7)0.0120 (7)
C180.0260 (9)0.0197 (8)0.0260 (9)0.0055 (7)0.0103 (7)0.0062 (7)
C190.0227 (8)0.0199 (8)0.0188 (8)0.0032 (6)0.0061 (7)0.0049 (7)
C200.0167 (7)0.0165 (7)0.0193 (8)0.0041 (6)0.0035 (6)0.0037 (6)
C210.0239 (8)0.0188 (8)0.0221 (8)0.0034 (6)0.0067 (7)0.0069 (7)
C220.0220 (8)0.0243 (8)0.0175 (8)0.0057 (6)0.0060 (7)0.0058 (7)
C230.0183 (8)0.0166 (7)0.0175 (8)0.0048 (6)0.0019 (6)0.0010 (6)
C240.0230 (8)0.0175 (8)0.0247 (9)0.0024 (6)0.0061 (7)0.0064 (7)
C250.0240 (8)0.0194 (8)0.0216 (8)0.0032 (6)0.0097 (7)0.0054 (7)
Geometric parameters (Å, °) top
Cl1—C171.7414 (17)C11—H110.9500
O1—N21.2142 (19)C12—C131.368 (2)
O2—N21.2165 (19)C12—H120.9500
N1—C11.333 (2)C13—H130.9500
N1—C51.359 (2)C14—C191.396 (2)
N2—C231.487 (2)C14—C151.398 (2)
C1—C21.401 (2)C15—C161.388 (2)
C1—C141.490 (2)C15—H150.9500
C2—C31.377 (2)C16—C171.383 (2)
C2—H20.9500C16—H160.9500
C3—C41.424 (2)C17—C181.385 (2)
C3—C201.495 (2)C18—C191.386 (2)
C4—C51.425 (2)C18—H180.9500
C4—C91.464 (2)C19—H190.9500
C5—C61.432 (2)C20—C211.393 (2)
C6—C71.351 (2)C20—C251.396 (2)
C6—H60.9500C21—C221.386 (2)
C7—C81.432 (2)C21—H210.9500
C7—H70.9500C22—C231.386 (2)
C8—C131.412 (2)C22—H220.9500
C8—C91.423 (2)C23—C241.384 (2)
C9—C101.413 (2)C24—C251.386 (2)
C10—C111.379 (2)C24—H240.9500
C10—H100.9500C25—H250.9500
C11—C121.402 (3)
C1—N1—C5118.45 (14)C12—C13—C8121.65 (16)
O1—N2—O2124.78 (15)C12—C13—H13119.2
O1—N2—C23117.66 (14)C8—C13—H13119.2
O2—N2—C23117.56 (14)C19—C14—C15118.20 (15)
N1—C1—C2121.44 (14)C19—C14—C1119.49 (14)
N1—C1—C14117.00 (14)C15—C14—C1122.29 (14)
C2—C1—C14121.43 (14)C16—C15—C14120.53 (15)
C3—C2—C1121.03 (15)C16—C15—H15119.7
C3—C2—H2119.5C14—C15—H15119.7
C1—C2—H2119.5C17—C16—C15119.71 (15)
C2—C3—C4119.17 (14)C17—C16—H16120.1
C2—C3—C20115.55 (14)C15—C16—H16120.1
C4—C3—C20125.06 (14)C16—C17—C18121.18 (15)
C3—C4—C5115.47 (14)C16—C17—Cl1119.34 (13)
C3—C4—C9125.96 (14)C18—C17—Cl1119.48 (13)
C5—C4—C9118.57 (14)C17—C18—C19118.48 (15)
N1—C5—C4124.14 (15)C17—C18—H18120.8
N1—C5—C6115.65 (14)C19—C18—H18120.8
C4—C5—C6120.19 (14)C18—C19—C14121.87 (15)
C7—C6—C5120.86 (15)C18—C19—H19119.1
C7—C6—H6119.6C14—C19—H19119.1
C5—C6—H6119.6C21—C20—C25119.49 (15)
C6—C7—C8121.35 (15)C21—C20—C3120.79 (14)
C6—C7—H7119.3C25—C20—C3119.58 (14)
C8—C7—H7119.3C22—C21—C20120.64 (15)
C13—C8—C9119.58 (15)C22—C21—H21119.7
C13—C8—C7120.33 (15)C20—C21—H21119.7
C9—C8—C7120.06 (15)C23—C22—C21118.27 (15)
C10—C9—C8117.29 (15)C23—C22—H22120.9
C10—C9—C4124.07 (15)C21—C22—H22120.9
C8—C9—C4118.58 (14)C24—C23—C22122.69 (15)
C11—C10—C9121.62 (16)C24—C23—N2118.94 (15)
C11—C10—H10119.2C22—C23—N2118.37 (14)
C9—C10—H10119.2C23—C24—C25118.12 (15)
C10—C11—C12120.63 (16)C23—C24—H24120.9
C10—C11—H11119.7C25—C24—H24120.9
C12—C11—H11119.7C24—C25—C20120.71 (15)
C13—C12—C11119.08 (15)C24—C25—H25119.6
C13—C12—H12120.5C20—C25—H25119.6
C11—C12—H12120.5
C5—N1—C1—C23.2 (2)C9—C8—C13—C121.5 (2)
C5—N1—C1—C14179.07 (13)C7—C8—C13—C12−176.50 (15)
N1—C1—C2—C3−1.3 (2)N1—C1—C14—C193.9 (2)
C14—C1—C2—C3−177.01 (14)C2—C1—C14—C19179.74 (15)
C1—C2—C3—C4−3.6 (2)N1—C1—C14—C15−174.37 (15)
C1—C2—C3—C20171.36 (14)C2—C1—C14—C151.5 (2)
C2—C3—C4—C56.1 (2)C19—C14—C15—C16−1.2 (2)
C20—C3—C4—C5−168.31 (14)C1—C14—C15—C16177.03 (15)
C2—C3—C4—C9−173.89 (14)C14—C15—C16—C170.3 (3)
C20—C3—C4—C911.7 (3)C15—C16—C17—C181.3 (3)
C1—N1—C5—C4−0.2 (2)C15—C16—C17—Cl1−178.25 (13)
C1—N1—C5—C6−178.50 (14)C16—C17—C18—C19−1.9 (3)
C3—C4—C5—N1−4.4 (2)Cl1—C17—C18—C19177.61 (12)
C9—C4—C5—N1175.56 (14)C17—C18—C19—C141.0 (3)
C3—C4—C5—C6173.80 (14)C15—C14—C19—C180.6 (2)
C9—C4—C5—C6−6.2 (2)C1—C14—C19—C18−177.75 (15)
N1—C5—C6—C7179.58 (15)C2—C3—C20—C2166.7 (2)
C4—C5—C6—C71.2 (2)C4—C3—C20—C21−118.66 (18)
C5—C6—C7—C82.9 (3)C2—C3—C20—C25−108.78 (17)
C6—C7—C8—C13176.32 (15)C4—C3—C20—C2565.8 (2)
C6—C7—C8—C9−1.7 (2)C25—C20—C21—C22−2.9 (2)
C13—C8—C9—C10−4.0 (2)C3—C20—C21—C22−178.39 (15)
C7—C8—C9—C10174.05 (14)C20—C21—C22—C230.7 (2)
C13—C8—C9—C4178.58 (14)C21—C22—C23—C241.7 (2)
C7—C8—C9—C4−3.4 (2)C21—C22—C23—N2−178.06 (14)
C3—C4—C9—C1010.0 (3)O1—N2—C23—C24−3.1 (2)
C5—C4—C9—C10−170.04 (15)O2—N2—C23—C24176.60 (14)
C3—C4—C9—C8−172.80 (14)O1—N2—C23—C22176.65 (15)
C5—C4—C9—C87.2 (2)O2—N2—C23—C22−3.6 (2)
C8—C9—C10—C113.6 (2)C22—C23—C24—C25−1.8 (2)
C4—C9—C10—C11−179.09 (15)N2—C23—C24—C25177.99 (14)
C9—C10—C11—C12−0.7 (3)C23—C24—C25—C20−0.5 (2)
C10—C11—C12—C13−1.9 (3)C21—C20—C25—C242.8 (2)
C11—C12—C13—C81.5 (3)C3—C20—C25—C24178.38 (15)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C24—H24···Cgi0.952.723.510 (12)142
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z.
Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C24—H24···Cgi0.952.723.510 (12)142
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z.
Acknowledgements top

We are grateful to the Natural Science Foundation (08KJD150019) and the Qing Lan Project (08QLT001) of Jiangsu Education Committee for financial support.

references
References top

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