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Acta Cryst. (2010). E66, o2872    [ doi:10.1107/S1600536810039796 ]

3-(Pyridin-2-yl)coumarin

Y.-X. Da and Z.-J. Quan

Abstract top

In the title compound, C14H9NO2, the dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the lactone ring is 10.40 (3)°. The coumarin ring system is nearly planar, with a dihedral angle of 1.40 (2)° between the lactone and benzene rings. An intramolecular C-H...O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C-H...O interactions occur, generating R22(14) loops.

Comment top

Coumarins are an important class of organic compounds, which have been extensively investigated due to their applications in biological, chemical and physical fields (Walshe, et al., 1997; Fylaktakidou, et al., 2004; Yu, et al., 2010; Trenor, et al., 2004). The photophysical and spectroscopic properties of the coumarin derivatives can be readily modified by the introduction of substituents in parent coumarin, converting themselves into more useful products and more flexibility to fit well in various applications (Griffiths, et al., 1995; Yu, et al., 2006). Among the substituted coumarins, heterocyclic groups at the 3-position have given rise to many derivatives of biological and structural importance. For example, 3-pyridyl substituted coumarins are not only known for their diverse physiological activities (Moffett, et al., 1964), but also have outstanding optical properties including high quantum yields and superior photostability (Yu, et al., 2010). In addition, 3-pyridyl substituted coumarins have attracted considerable interest due to their use as ligands for Ir (III) complexes which possess higher quantum yields and much higher brightnesses (Ren, et al., 2008; Ren, et al., 2010). In this paper, we report the synthesis and crystal structure of 3-(pyridin-2-yl)coumarin.

The molecular structure of the title compound and the ORTEP structure is shown in Fig.1. The bond lengths and angles in the molecule are within normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987). Both the pyrone and benzene rings in the coumarin motif are essentially planar. The dihedral angle between them is 1.40 (2)°, thus the coumarin moiety is essentially planar. The pyridine ring makes an angle of 10.40 (3)° with the pyrone ring, they are not coplanar.

The crystal structure is stabilized by intramolecular and intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 2). Specially, the molecules form one-dimensional chains through intermolecular C12—H12···O2 hydrogen bonds with a motif fashion of R22(14) (Fig. 3).

Related literature top

For background to the structures and properties of coumarins, see: Fylaktakidou et al. (2004); Griffiths et al. (1995); Moffett (1964); Ren & Huo (2008); Ren et al. (2010); Trenor et al. (2004); Walshe et al. (1997); Yu et al. (2006); Yu, Yang et al. (2010); Yu, Zhang et al. (2010). For reference bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).

Experimental top

Salicylaldehyde (0.1 mol) and pyridine-2-acetonitrile (0.1 mol) were dissolved in 30 ml of anhydrous alcohol, and then piperidine (0.1 ml) was added stepwise under ice bath. The mixture was stirred for 12 h at room temperature, then treated with HCl (50 ml, 3.5%) and refluxed for 10 h to hydrolyze the iminocoumarin. When the reaction was finished, the acidic solution was neutralized with aqueous ammonia until the pH was 7. The precipitate was filtered off and recrystallized from methanol to afford the title compound. m.p. 416–417 K. IR (KBr pellet, cm-1): 3042 (aryl-CH), 1723 (C=O, lactone), 1605 (C=C), 1579, 1462, 1244, 1109, 1089; 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 8.87 (s, 1H, H-4), 8.64 (d, 1H, J = 5.4, H-6'), 8.32 (d, 1H, J = 8.2, H-3'), 7.87–7.82 (m, 2H, Aryl-H), 7.63 (t, 1H, J = 8.4, Aryl-H), 7.42–7.34 (m, 3H, Aryl-H).

Colourless blocks of (I) were obtained by slow evaporation of the methanol solution at room temperature.

Refinement top

Non-H atoms were refined anisotropically. H atoms were treated as riding atoms with distances C—H = 0.93 Å (ArH). The isotropic displacement parameters for all H atoms were set equal to 1.2 Ueq of the carrier atom.

Computing details top

Data collection: SMART (Siemens, 1996); cell refinement: SAINT (Siemens, 1996); data reduction: SAINT (Siemens, 1996); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The molecular structure of (I) with displacement ellipsoids for the non-hydrogen atomes drawn at the 30% probability level.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. Intramolecular and intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds.
[Figure 3] Fig. 3. Packing diagram of the title compound along a axis and b axis. H atoms are omitted for clarity.
3-(Pyridin-2-yl)coumarin top
Crystal data top
C14H9NO2Dx = 1.403 Mg m−3
Mr = 223.22Melting point = 416–417 K
Orthorhombic, PbcaCu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å
a = 7.1107 (3) ÅCell parameters from 4495 reflections
b = 13.9635 (5) Åθ = 4.2–72.5°
c = 21.2867 (9) ŵ = 0.77 mm−1
V = 2113.56 (15) Å3T = 293 K
Z = 8Block, colourless
F(000) = 9280.31 × 0.22 × 0.11 mm
Data collection top
Siemens SMART CCD
diffractometer		2055 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube1581 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
graphiteRint = 0.021
φ and ω scansθmax = 72.5°, θmin = 4.2°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)		h = −5→8
Tmin = 0.795, Tmax = 0.920k = −15→17
4495 measured reflectionsl = −16→26
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.072Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.230H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.09 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1725P)2]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
2055 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
154 parametersΔρmax = 0.55 e Å−3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.43 e Å−3
Crystal data top
C14H9NO2V = 2113.56 (15) Å3
Mr = 223.22Z = 8
Orthorhombic, PbcaCu Kα radiation
a = 7.1107 (3) ŵ = 0.77 mm−1
b = 13.9635 (5) ÅT = 293 K
c = 21.2867 (9) Å0.31 × 0.22 × 0.11 mm
Data collection top
Siemens SMART CCD
diffractometer		2055 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)		1581 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.795, Tmax = 0.920Rint = 0.021
4495 measured reflectionsθmax = 72.5°
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.072H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.230Δρmax = 0.55 e Å−3
S = 1.09Δρmin = −0.43 e Å−3
2055 reflectionsAbsolute structure: ?
154 parametersFlack parameter: ?
0 restraintsRogers parameter: ?
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.2429 (4)0.14529 (15)0.41263 (10)0.0430 (6)
C20.3906 (4)0.20503 (18)0.42654 (12)0.0544 (7)
H20.39350.23810.46450.065*
C30.5343 (4)0.21543 (19)0.38377 (14)0.0596 (7)
H30.63460.25590.39280.072*
C40.5307 (4)0.1655 (2)0.32686 (13)0.0577 (7)
H40.62790.17300.29800.069*
C50.3826 (4)0.10503 (18)0.31356 (11)0.0505 (6)
H50.38110.07160.27580.061*
C60.2348 (3)0.09346 (15)0.35618 (10)0.0408 (5)
C70.0765 (3)0.03304 (15)0.34618 (9)0.0410 (5)
H70.0717−0.00300.30950.049*
C8−0.0669 (3)0.02542 (14)0.38726 (9)0.0393 (5)
C9−0.0573 (4)0.08126 (16)0.44606 (10)0.0448 (6)
C10−0.2310 (3)−0.03764 (15)0.37410 (9)0.0396 (5)
C11−0.3687 (4)−0.06205 (18)0.41772 (11)0.0497 (6)
H11−0.3634−0.03770.45830.060*
C12−0.5124 (4)−0.1222 (2)0.40050 (12)0.0562 (7)
H12−0.6053−0.13860.42930.067*
C13−0.5179 (4)−0.15823 (19)0.34010 (12)0.0541 (6)
H13−0.6128−0.19970.32730.065*
C14−0.3768 (4)−0.13020 (18)0.29945 (11)0.0507 (6)
H14−0.3802−0.15380.25860.061*
N1−0.2370 (3)−0.07198 (14)0.31462 (8)0.0462 (5)
O10.0984 (3)0.13797 (12)0.45491 (8)0.0503 (5)
O2−0.1716 (3)0.08250 (16)0.48780 (9)0.0668 (6)
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.0534 (12)0.0348 (10)0.0408 (11)0.0064 (9)−0.0047 (9)−0.0012 (8)
C20.0652 (15)0.0419 (11)0.0562 (13)0.0006 (11)−0.0111 (11)−0.0058 (9)
C30.0567 (14)0.0453 (12)0.0768 (16)−0.0083 (11)−0.0103 (13)0.0041 (11)
C40.0518 (13)0.0560 (14)0.0652 (15)−0.0017 (12)0.0045 (12)0.0062 (11)
C50.0541 (13)0.0494 (12)0.0479 (12)0.0035 (10)0.0039 (10)−0.0010 (9)
C60.0469 (12)0.0361 (10)0.0394 (10)0.0070 (8)−0.0045 (8)−0.0012 (8)
C70.0508 (12)0.0398 (10)0.0324 (10)0.0056 (9)−0.0016 (8)−0.0047 (7)
C80.0490 (12)0.0364 (9)0.0325 (9)0.0065 (8)−0.0011 (8)−0.0021 (8)
C90.0533 (13)0.0439 (11)0.0372 (10)0.0057 (10)0.0034 (9)−0.0063 (8)
C100.0483 (12)0.0365 (10)0.0341 (10)0.0059 (8)−0.0010 (8)0.0021 (7)
C110.0586 (14)0.0499 (12)0.0406 (11)0.0023 (11)0.0081 (10)−0.0003 (9)
C120.0564 (14)0.0587 (14)0.0535 (13)−0.0035 (12)0.0129 (11)0.0070 (10)
C130.0563 (14)0.0494 (12)0.0566 (13)−0.0093 (11)−0.0074 (11)0.0059 (10)
C140.0626 (15)0.0479 (12)0.0416 (11)−0.0051 (10)−0.0051 (10)−0.0017 (9)
N10.0555 (11)0.0474 (10)0.0357 (9)−0.0036 (8)0.0007 (8)−0.0011 (7)
O10.0630 (11)0.0465 (9)0.0415 (8)−0.0009 (7)0.0000 (7)−0.0119 (6)
O20.0746 (13)0.0742 (13)0.0514 (10)−0.0078 (11)0.0216 (9)−0.0240 (8)
Geometric parameters (Å, °) top
C1—O11.369 (3)C8—C91.476 (3)
C1—C21.374 (4)C8—C101.489 (3)
C1—C61.404 (3)C9—O21.204 (3)
C2—C31.376 (4)C9—O11.375 (3)
C2—H20.9300C10—N11.355 (3)
C3—C41.398 (4)C10—C111.392 (3)
C3—H30.9300C11—C121.373 (4)
C4—C51.379 (4)C11—H110.9300
C4—H40.9300C12—C131.381 (4)
C5—C61.398 (3)C12—H120.9300
C5—H50.9300C13—C141.382 (4)
C6—C71.423 (3)C13—H130.9300
C7—C81.347 (3)C14—N11.324 (3)
C7—H70.9300C14—H140.9300
O1—C1—C2118.5 (2)C7—C8—C10121.18 (18)
O1—C1—C6119.5 (2)C9—C8—C10120.52 (19)
C2—C1—C6121.9 (2)O2—C9—O1115.7 (2)
C1—C2—C3119.3 (2)O2—C9—C8127.0 (2)
C1—C2—H2120.4O1—C9—C8117.2 (2)
C3—C2—H2120.4N1—C10—C11121.0 (2)
C2—C3—C4120.5 (2)N1—C10—C8114.20 (19)
C2—C3—H3119.8C11—C10—C8124.82 (19)
C4—C3—H3119.8C12—C11—C10119.7 (2)
C5—C4—C3119.8 (3)C12—C11—H11120.2
C5—C4—H4120.1C10—C11—H11120.2
C3—C4—H4120.1C11—C12—C13119.5 (2)
C4—C5—C6120.8 (2)C11—C12—H12120.2
C4—C5—H5119.6C13—C12—H12120.2
C6—C5—H5119.6C12—C13—C14117.4 (2)
C5—C6—C1117.7 (2)C12—C13—H13121.3
C5—C6—C7124.5 (2)C14—C13—H13121.3
C1—C6—C7117.8 (2)N1—C14—C13124.5 (2)
C8—C7—C6123.25 (19)N1—C14—H14117.8
C8—C7—H7118.4C13—C14—H14117.8
C6—C7—H7118.4C14—N1—C10118.0 (2)
C7—C8—C9118.3 (2)C1—O1—C9123.88 (17)
O1—C1—C2—C3−178.1 (2)C10—C8—C9—O1−179.93 (19)
C6—C1—C2—C30.7 (4)C7—C8—C10—N1−10.5 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4−0.3 (4)C9—C8—C10—N1169.58 (19)
C2—C3—C4—C5−0.3 (4)C7—C8—C10—C11168.8 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C60.5 (4)C9—C8—C10—C11−11.1 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C1−0.1 (3)N1—C10—C11—C120.4 (4)
C4—C5—C6—C7179.7 (2)C8—C10—C11—C12−178.9 (2)
O1—C1—C6—C5178.3 (2)C10—C11—C12—C130.3 (4)
C2—C1—C6—C5−0.5 (3)C11—C12—C13—C14−0.7 (4)
O1—C1—C6—C7−1.6 (3)C12—C13—C14—N10.4 (4)
C2—C1—C6—C7179.7 (2)C13—C14—N1—C100.2 (4)
C5—C6—C7—C8−177.9 (2)C11—C10—N1—C14−0.7 (3)
C1—C6—C7—C81.8 (3)C8—C10—N1—C14178.7 (2)
C6—C7—C8—C9−1.1 (3)C2—C1—O1—C9179.5 (2)
C6—C7—C8—C10178.96 (18)C6—C1—O1—C90.7 (3)
C7—C8—C9—O2−179.5 (3)O2—C9—O1—C1179.8 (2)
C10—C8—C9—O20.4 (4)C8—C9—O1—C10.1 (3)
C7—C8—C9—O10.2 (3)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C11—H11···O20.932.252.875 (3)124
C12—H12···O2i0.932.503.318 (3)147
Symmetry codes: (i) −x−1, −y, −z+1.
Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C11—H11···O20.932.252.875 (3)124
C12—H12···O2i0.932.503.318 (3)147
Symmetry codes: (i) −x−1, −y, −z+1.
Acknowledgements top

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (3ZS061-A25–019).

references
References top

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