supplementary materials


bh2348 scheme

Acta Cryst. (2011). E67, o1677    [ doi:10.1107/S1600536811020757 ]

4-[(4-Methylanilino)methyl]benzonitrile

B. Wei

Abstract top

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C15H14N2, contains two molecules. The amine NH group connects two aromatic systems with similar C-N-C bond angles of 120.96 (16) and 119.75 (16)° for each independent molecule. In contrast, the dihedral angles between the benzene rings are significantly different for the two independent molecules, viz. 69.1 (2) and 79.9 (2)°.

Comment top

We are researching for dielectric-ferroelectric materials. Recent studies have revealed that small molecular compounds which have one or more amidogens probably have this kind of character (Chen et al., 2010). Thus, we want to find aromatic compounds containing amidogens, with the hope to obtain dielectric-ferroelectric properties (Xiong et al., 2002; Zhao et al., 2008). As part of our ongoing studies, we report here the crystal structure of the title compound. The dielectric constant of 4-[(p-tolylamino)methyl]benzonitrile as a function of temperature indicates that the permittivity is basically temperature-independent (Wang et al., 2005). After characterization of the dielectric constant, there is no dielectric anomaly observed (Ye et al., 2006). This compound thus should not be a real ferroelectrics or there may be no distinct phase transition occurring within the measured temperature range.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound contains two independent molecules (Fig. 1). The N atom connects two aromatic groups, with bond angles at N1 and N4 being 120.96 (16) and 119.75 (16)°, and the dihedral angle between two benzene rings being 69.1 (2) and 79.9 (2)°, respectively. In the crystal structure, very weak intermolecular interactions link molecules to form one-dimensional ladder propagating along the [010] direction (Fig. 2).

Related literature top

For related literature on dielectric-ferroelectric materials, see: Chen et al. (2010); Wang et al. (2005); Xiong et al. (2002); Ye et al. (2006); Zhao et al. (2008).

Experimental top

The title compound was obtained by addition of 6.6 g of (E)-4-[(p-tolylimino)methyl]benzonitrile (30 mmol) to a solution of 4.5 g of sodiumborohydride in THF, in the stoichiometric ratio 1:4. After reacting for 5 h in an ice bath, the mixture was filtered. Good quality single crystals were obtained by slow evaporation of the filtrate over two days.

Refinement top

Amine H atoms H1 and H4 were found in a difference map and refined with free coordinates and Uiso(H) = 0.122 Å2. C-bonded H atoms were placed in idealized positions and refined as riding to their carrier atoms, with C—H bond lengths fixed to 0.96 (methyl), 0.97 (methylene) or 0.93 Å (aromatic), and Uiso fixed at 1.5 or 1.2 times Ueq(carrier C). Methyl H atoms are splitted over two positions, due to free rotation about C2—C1 and C27—C30 bonds. Site occupancies for each group were refined, converging to 0.64 (3)/0.36 (3) for methyl group C1 and 0.66 (3)/0.34 (3) for methyl group C30.

Computing details top

Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); cell refinement: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. Crystal structure of the title compound with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 30% probability level.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. Crystal structure of the title compound with view along the a axis. Intermolecular interactions are shown as dashed lines.
4-[(4-Methylanilino)methyl]benzonitrile top
Crystal data top
C15H14N2Z = 8
Mr = 222.28F(000) = 944
Monoclinic, P21/cDx = 1.183 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 2ybcMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 12.485 (3) Åθ = 2.0–27.4°
b = 9.112 (3) ŵ = 0.07 mm1
c = 22.180 (6) ÅT = 293 K
β = 98.537 (6)°Prism, colourless
V = 2495.3 (12) Å30.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury CCD
diffractometer
4394 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube3253 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
graphiteRint = 0.049
Detector resolution: 28.5714 pixels mm-1θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.8°
ω scansh = 1414
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005)
k = 1010
Tmin = 0.852, Tmax = 1.000l = 2626
21959 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.059H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.146 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0641P)2 + 0.2355P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.12(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
4394 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.13 e Å3
317 parametersΔρmin = 0.18 e Å3
0 restraintsExtinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008)
0 constraintsExtinction coefficient: 0.014 (4)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Crystal data top
C15H14N2V = 2495.3 (12) Å3
Mr = 222.28Z = 8
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation
a = 12.485 (3) ŵ = 0.07 mm1
b = 9.112 (3) ÅT = 293 K
c = 22.180 (6) Å0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm
β = 98.537 (6)°
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury CCD
diffractometer
4394 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005)
3253 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.852, Tmax = 1.000Rint = 0.049
21959 measured reflectionsθmax = 25.0°
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.059H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.146Δρmax = 0.13 e Å3
S = 1.12Δρmin = 0.18 e Å3
4394 reflectionsAbsolute structure: ?
317 parametersFlack parameter: ?
0 restraintsRogers parameter: ?
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
C10.9872 (2)0.3906 (3)0.28894 (9)0.0798 (7)
H1A1.04430.46210.29320.120*0.64 (3)
H1B1.01580.29740.30380.120*0.64 (3)
H1C0.93180.42110.31200.120*0.64 (3)
H1D1.06300.36720.29400.120*0.36 (3)
H1E0.95090.32410.31270.120*0.36 (3)
H1F0.97800.48940.30240.120*0.36 (3)
C20.93940 (16)0.3767 (2)0.22236 (9)0.0608 (5)
C30.97256 (17)0.4659 (2)0.17850 (9)0.0665 (5)
H3A1.02620.53530.19040.080*
C40.92924 (16)0.4564 (2)0.11736 (9)0.0625 (5)
H4A0.95380.51890.08920.075*
C50.84884 (15)0.3534 (2)0.09788 (8)0.0536 (5)
C60.81507 (15)0.2625 (2)0.14188 (8)0.0588 (5)
H6A0.76160.19280.13030.071*
C70.85965 (17)0.2745 (2)0.20223 (9)0.0629 (5)
H7A0.83550.21190.23050.075*
C80.8210 (2)0.4451 (2)0.00775 (9)0.0804 (7)
H8A0.89760.45210.01060.097*
H8B0.79720.53990.00520.097*
C90.75965 (18)0.4082 (2)0.06918 (8)0.0626 (5)
C100.6848 (2)0.5044 (2)0.09876 (10)0.0734 (6)
H10A0.67200.59290.08020.088*
C110.62855 (18)0.4722 (2)0.15532 (10)0.0727 (6)
H11A0.57880.53890.17500.087*
C120.64640 (15)0.3395 (2)0.18292 (8)0.0579 (5)
C130.72085 (17)0.2422 (2)0.15366 (9)0.0655 (6)
H13A0.73340.15330.17200.079*
C140.77679 (19)0.2767 (2)0.09725 (9)0.0718 (6)
H14A0.82690.21030.07770.086*
C150.58706 (17)0.3040 (2)0.24151 (10)0.0689 (6)
C160.49515 (19)0.2565 (3)0.46950 (11)0.0853 (7)
C170.42565 (16)0.2503 (3)0.41163 (9)0.0661 (6)
C180.40122 (17)0.3763 (3)0.37803 (9)0.0706 (6)
H18A0.42820.46630.39310.085*
C190.33690 (17)0.3687 (2)0.32206 (9)0.0658 (5)
H19A0.32080.45420.29970.079*
C200.29561 (15)0.2362 (2)0.29845 (8)0.0567 (5)
C210.31974 (17)0.1112 (2)0.33292 (9)0.0709 (6)
H21A0.29220.02140.31790.085*
C220.38393 (18)0.1168 (3)0.38921 (10)0.0744 (6)
H22A0.39910.03150.41190.089*
C230.22708 (16)0.2286 (2)0.23680 (8)0.0643 (5)
H23A0.15880.18090.24040.077*
H23B0.21150.32710.22140.077*
C240.23994 (15)0.14312 (19)0.13250 (8)0.0522 (5)
C250.30602 (16)0.0980 (2)0.09069 (9)0.0622 (5)
H25A0.37800.07420.10420.075*
C260.26565 (17)0.0883 (2)0.02950 (9)0.0633 (5)
H26A0.31140.05720.00260.076*
C270.15952 (17)0.1231 (2)0.00676 (8)0.0581 (5)
C280.09473 (16)0.1671 (2)0.04877 (8)0.0619 (5)
H28A0.02280.19080.03520.074*
C290.13339 (15)0.1772 (2)0.11060 (8)0.0578 (5)
H29A0.08720.20710.13750.069*
C300.1177 (2)0.1150 (3)0.06047 (9)0.0811 (7)
H30A0.05130.06000.06670.122*0.34 (3)
H30B0.17040.06740.08120.122*0.34 (3)
H30C0.10460.21240.07640.122*0.34 (3)
H30D0.04450.15050.06780.122*0.66 (3)
H30E0.11950.01500.07390.122*0.66 (3)
H30F0.16230.17430.08250.122*0.66 (3)
H10.740 (2)0.293 (3)0.0310 (11)0.122*
H40.354 (2)0.159 (3)0.2001 (12)0.122*
N10.80476 (15)0.33596 (19)0.03692 (7)0.0656 (5)
N20.54010 (17)0.2771 (2)0.28871 (9)0.0944 (7)
N30.55062 (18)0.2632 (3)0.51543 (10)0.1172 (9)
N40.28294 (13)0.14703 (19)0.19445 (7)0.0636 (5)
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.0882 (16)0.0877 (16)0.0595 (13)0.0102 (13)0.0023 (12)0.0138 (11)
C20.0620 (12)0.0629 (12)0.0554 (12)0.0112 (10)0.0021 (9)0.0097 (10)
C30.0646 (13)0.0650 (13)0.0667 (13)0.0053 (10)0.0003 (10)0.0116 (10)
C40.0656 (12)0.0618 (12)0.0596 (12)0.0097 (10)0.0081 (10)0.0022 (9)
C50.0537 (11)0.0557 (11)0.0508 (11)0.0015 (9)0.0052 (8)0.0043 (9)
C60.0603 (12)0.0583 (12)0.0569 (12)0.0062 (9)0.0058 (9)0.0012 (9)
C70.0701 (13)0.0648 (13)0.0538 (12)0.0041 (10)0.0094 (10)0.0008 (9)
C80.1052 (18)0.0767 (15)0.0574 (13)0.0287 (13)0.0055 (12)0.0054 (11)
C90.0786 (14)0.0583 (12)0.0503 (11)0.0117 (11)0.0077 (10)0.0082 (9)
C100.1007 (17)0.0545 (12)0.0661 (14)0.0003 (12)0.0161 (13)0.0035 (10)
C110.0747 (14)0.0653 (14)0.0772 (15)0.0119 (11)0.0087 (12)0.0165 (11)
C120.0556 (11)0.0634 (13)0.0544 (12)0.0046 (10)0.0071 (9)0.0118 (9)
C130.0760 (14)0.0616 (12)0.0583 (12)0.0082 (11)0.0073 (10)0.0033 (10)
C140.0795 (15)0.0708 (14)0.0607 (13)0.0113 (11)0.0045 (11)0.0077 (11)
C150.0598 (12)0.0799 (15)0.0646 (14)0.0101 (11)0.0016 (11)0.0125 (11)
C160.0597 (13)0.130 (2)0.0653 (15)0.0097 (14)0.0042 (12)0.0150 (14)
C170.0509 (11)0.0955 (16)0.0517 (12)0.0010 (11)0.0069 (9)0.0084 (11)
C180.0665 (13)0.0782 (15)0.0670 (14)0.0130 (11)0.0096 (11)0.0159 (12)
C190.0714 (13)0.0663 (13)0.0599 (12)0.0089 (11)0.0099 (10)0.0017 (10)
C200.0530 (11)0.0674 (13)0.0511 (11)0.0063 (9)0.0120 (9)0.0053 (9)
C210.0746 (14)0.0671 (13)0.0684 (14)0.0136 (11)0.0024 (11)0.0005 (11)
C220.0745 (14)0.0821 (15)0.0652 (14)0.0006 (12)0.0058 (11)0.0120 (12)
C230.0615 (12)0.0778 (14)0.0533 (12)0.0001 (10)0.0068 (9)0.0070 (10)
C240.0544 (11)0.0540 (11)0.0482 (10)0.0010 (9)0.0079 (8)0.0002 (8)
C250.0555 (11)0.0691 (13)0.0621 (13)0.0080 (10)0.0094 (9)0.0012 (10)
C260.0717 (13)0.0656 (13)0.0557 (12)0.0034 (10)0.0202 (10)0.0024 (9)
C270.0667 (12)0.0562 (11)0.0515 (11)0.0053 (10)0.0089 (9)0.0009 (9)
C280.0571 (12)0.0709 (13)0.0562 (12)0.0011 (10)0.0037 (9)0.0017 (10)
C290.0526 (11)0.0662 (12)0.0556 (12)0.0003 (9)0.0108 (9)0.0030 (9)
C300.0943 (17)0.0935 (17)0.0539 (13)0.0065 (14)0.0063 (11)0.0026 (11)
N10.0718 (11)0.0724 (12)0.0503 (10)0.0175 (9)0.0019 (8)0.0036 (8)
N20.0813 (14)0.1146 (17)0.0808 (14)0.0171 (12)0.0097 (11)0.0060 (12)
N30.0791 (15)0.188 (3)0.0772 (15)0.0210 (16)0.0122 (12)0.0228 (15)
N40.0592 (10)0.0786 (12)0.0522 (10)0.0077 (9)0.0048 (8)0.0078 (8)
Geometric parameters (Å, °) top
C1—C21.514 (2)C16—C171.440 (3)
C1—H1A0.9600C17—C181.379 (3)
C1—H1B0.9600C17—C221.386 (3)
C1—H1C0.9600C18—C191.376 (3)
C1—H1D0.9600C18—H18A0.9300
C1—H1E0.9600C19—C201.385 (3)
C1—H1F0.9600C19—H19A0.9300
C2—C31.378 (3)C20—C211.379 (3)
C2—C71.388 (3)C20—C231.503 (2)
C3—C41.386 (3)C21—C221.381 (3)
C3—H3A0.9300C21—H21A0.9300
C4—C51.395 (3)C22—H22A0.9300
C4—H4A0.9300C23—N41.454 (2)
C5—N11.391 (2)C23—H23A0.9700
C5—C61.392 (3)C23—H23B0.9700
C6—C71.376 (2)C24—C291.382 (3)
C6—H6A0.9300C24—C251.392 (3)
C7—H7A0.9300C24—N41.400 (2)
C8—N11.439 (3)C25—C261.379 (2)
C8—C91.499 (3)C25—H25A0.9300
C8—H8A0.9700C26—C271.383 (3)
C8—H8B0.9700C26—H26A0.9300
C9—C101.374 (3)C27—C281.381 (3)
C9—C141.382 (3)C27—C301.507 (3)
C10—C111.376 (3)C28—C291.388 (2)
C10—H10A0.9300C28—H28A0.9300
C11—C121.388 (3)C29—H29A0.9300
C11—H11A0.9300C30—H30A0.9600
C12—C131.375 (3)C30—H30B0.9600
C12—C151.434 (3)C30—H30C0.9600
C13—C141.376 (3)C30—H30D0.9600
C13—H13A0.9300C30—H30E0.9600
C14—H14A0.9300C30—H30F0.9600
C15—N21.148 (2)N1—H10.90 (3)
C16—N31.145 (3)N4—H40.89 (3)
C2—C1—H1A109.5C22—C17—C16119.9 (2)
C2—C1—H1B109.5C19—C18—C17119.9 (2)
C2—C1—H1C109.5C19—C18—H18A120.1
C2—C1—H1D109.5C17—C18—H18A120.1
C2—C1—H1E109.5C18—C19—C20121.3 (2)
H1D—C1—H1E109.5C18—C19—H19A119.3
C2—C1—H1F109.5C20—C19—H19A119.3
H1D—C1—H1F109.5C21—C20—C19118.14 (19)
H1E—C1—H1F109.5C21—C20—C23120.93 (18)
C3—C2—C7116.44 (18)C19—C20—C23120.93 (18)
C3—C2—C1121.55 (19)C20—C21—C22121.4 (2)
C7—C2—C1122.0 (2)C20—C21—H21A119.3
C2—C3—C4122.65 (19)C22—C21—H21A119.3
C2—C3—H3A118.7C21—C22—C17119.5 (2)
C4—C3—H3A118.7C21—C22—H22A120.2
C3—C4—C5120.22 (19)C17—C22—H22A120.2
C3—C4—H4A119.9N4—C23—C20110.39 (16)
C5—C4—H4A119.9N4—C23—H23A109.6
N1—C5—C6119.75 (17)C20—C23—H23A109.6
N1—C5—C4122.71 (18)N4—C23—H23B109.6
C6—C5—C4117.51 (17)C20—C23—H23B109.6
C7—C6—C5120.96 (18)H23A—C23—H23B108.1
C7—C6—H6A119.5C29—C24—C25117.85 (17)
C5—C6—H6A119.5C29—C24—N4123.25 (17)
C6—C7—C2122.22 (19)C25—C24—N4118.87 (17)
C6—C7—H7A118.9C26—C25—C24120.57 (18)
C2—C7—H7A118.9C26—C25—H25A119.7
N1—C8—C9111.46 (17)C24—C25—H25A119.7
N1—C8—H8A109.3C25—C26—C27122.33 (18)
C9—C8—H8A109.3C25—C26—H26A118.8
N1—C8—H8B109.3C27—C26—H26A118.8
C9—C8—H8B109.3C28—C27—C26116.49 (18)
H8A—C8—H8B108.0C28—C27—C30122.01 (19)
C10—C9—C14118.53 (19)C26—C27—C30121.50 (19)
C10—C9—C8120.7 (2)C27—C28—C29122.23 (18)
C14—C9—C8120.78 (19)C27—C28—H28A118.9
C9—C10—C11121.2 (2)C29—C28—H28A118.9
C9—C10—H10A119.4C24—C29—C28120.53 (18)
C11—C10—H10A119.4C24—C29—H29A119.7
C10—C11—C12119.63 (19)C28—C29—H29A119.7
C10—C11—H11A120.2C27—C30—H30A109.5
C12—C11—H11A120.2C27—C30—H30B109.5
C13—C12—C11119.65 (19)C27—C30—H30C109.5
C13—C12—C15120.27 (19)C27—C30—H30D109.5
C11—C12—C15120.08 (18)C27—C30—H30E109.5
C12—C13—C14119.9 (2)H30D—C30—H30E109.5
C12—C13—H13A120.0C27—C30—H30F109.5
C14—C13—H13A120.0H30D—C30—H30F109.5
C13—C14—C9121.05 (19)H30E—C30—H30F109.5
C13—C14—H14A119.5C5—N1—C8120.96 (16)
C9—C14—H14A119.5C5—N1—H1114.4 (17)
N2—C15—C12179.1 (2)C8—N1—H1114.8 (17)
N3—C16—C17179.2 (3)C24—N4—C23119.75 (16)
C18—C17—C22119.74 (19)C24—N4—H4111.8 (17)
C18—C17—C16120.3 (2)C23—N4—H4114.3 (18)
C7—C2—C3—C40.4 (3)C18—C19—C20—C210.7 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4179.28 (19)C18—C19—C20—C23178.89 (18)
C2—C3—C4—C50.1 (3)C19—C20—C21—C220.5 (3)
C3—C4—C5—N1178.02 (18)C23—C20—C21—C22179.04 (18)
C3—C4—C5—C60.1 (3)C20—C21—C22—C170.3 (3)
N1—C5—C6—C7178.03 (18)C18—C17—C22—C211.1 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C70.0 (3)C16—C17—C22—C21178.25 (19)
C5—C6—C7—C20.2 (3)C21—C20—C23—N465.8 (2)
C3—C2—C7—C60.4 (3)C19—C20—C23—N4113.7 (2)
C1—C2—C7—C6179.23 (18)C29—C24—C25—C260.1 (3)
N1—C8—C9—C10122.3 (2)N4—C24—C25—C26177.96 (18)
N1—C8—C9—C1457.5 (3)C24—C25—C26—C270.4 (3)
C14—C9—C10—C110.6 (3)C25—C26—C27—C280.7 (3)
C8—C9—C10—C11179.60 (19)C25—C26—C27—C30178.61 (19)
C9—C10—C11—C120.8 (3)C26—C27—C28—C290.4 (3)
C10—C11—C12—C130.5 (3)C30—C27—C28—C29178.88 (19)
C10—C11—C12—C15179.14 (19)C25—C24—C29—C280.4 (3)
C11—C12—C13—C140.2 (3)N4—C24—C29—C28178.12 (17)
C15—C12—C13—C14179.46 (18)C27—C28—C29—C240.1 (3)
C12—C13—C14—C90.1 (3)C6—C5—N1—C8167.4 (2)
C10—C9—C14—C130.3 (3)C4—C5—N1—C814.7 (3)
C8—C9—C14—C13179.9 (2)C9—C8—N1—C5175.91 (19)
C22—C17—C18—C190.9 (3)C29—C24—N4—C2318.5 (3)
C16—C17—C18—C19178.38 (18)C25—C24—N4—C23163.85 (19)
C17—C18—C19—C200.1 (3)C20—C23—N4—C24171.62 (16)
Acknowledgements top

The author is grateful to the Starter Fund of Southeast University for the purchase of the diffractometer.

references
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