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Journal logoCRYSTALLOGRAPHIC
COMMUNICATIONS
ISSN: 2056-9890
Volume 67| Part 7| July 2011| Pages o1814-o1815

3,3′-[1,2-Phenyl­enebis(methyl­ene)]bis­­(1-heptyl­benzimidazolium) dibromide monohydrate

aSchool of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia, and bX-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: hkfun@usm.my

(Received 14 June 2011; accepted 16 June 2011; online 25 June 2011)

In the title salt, C36H48N42+·2Br·H2O, the central benzene ring makes dihedral angles of 84.77 (9) and 69.92 (7)° with the adjacent imidazole rings. In the crystal, one of the heptyl groups is disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.474 (5):0.526 (5). In the crystal, the cations, anions and water mol­ecules are connected via inter­molecular O—H⋯Br, C—H⋯Br and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

Related literature

For details and applications of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), see: Winkelmann & Navarro (2010[Winkelmann, O. H. & Navarro, O. (2010). Adv. Synth. Catal. 352, 212-214.]); Kascatan-Nebioglu et al. (2007[Kascatan-Nebioglu, A., Panzner, M. J., Tessier, C. A., Cannon, C. L. & Youngs, W. J. (2007). Coord. Chem. Rev. 251, 884-895.]); Teyssot et al. (2009[Teyssot, M.-L., Jarrousse, A.-S., Manin, M., Chevry, A., Roche, S., Norre, F., Beaudoin, C., Morel, L., Boyer, D., Mahiou, R. & Gautier, A. (2009). Dalton Trans. pp. 6894-6902.]); Herrmann et al. (1995[Herrmann, W. A., Elison, M., Fischer, J., Köcher, C. & Artus, G. R. J. (1995). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 34, 2371-2374.]); Choi et al. (2001[Choi, T.-L., Chatterjee, A. K. & Grubbs, R. H. (2001). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 40, 1277-1279.]); Kumar & Kumar (2009[Kumar, S. & Kumar, S. (2009). Tetrahedron Lett. 50, 4463-4466.]). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986[Cosier, J. & Glazer, A. M. (1986). J. Appl. Cryst. 19, 105-107.]).

[Scheme 1]

Experimental

Crystal data
  • C36H48N42+·2Br·H2O

  • Mr = 714.62

  • Triclinic, [P \overline 1]

  • a = 8.8494 (1) Å

  • b = 14.7170 (3) Å

  • c = 16.0838 (2) Å

  • α = 115.705 (1)°

  • β = 105.380 (1)°

  • γ = 91.946 (1)°

  • V = 1792.83 (5) Å3

  • Z = 2

  • Mo Kα radiation

  • μ = 2.29 mm−1

  • T = 100 K

  • 0.39 × 0.18 × 0.16 mm

Data collection
  • Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer

  • Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009[Bruker (2009). APEX2, SAINT and SADABS. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]) Tmin = 0.469, Tmax = 0.715

  • 50860 measured reflections

  • 12945 independent reflections

  • 10091 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

  • Rint = 0.027

Refinement
  • R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.032

  • wR(F2) = 0.077

  • S = 1.02

  • 12945 reflections

  • 442 parameters

  • 9 restraints

  • H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement

  • Δρmax = 0.84 e Å−3

  • Δρmin = −0.75 e Å−3

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—H H⋯A DA D—H⋯A
O1W—H1W1⋯Br1 0.84 (3) 2.50 (3) 3.3271 (17) 169 (2)
O1W—H2W1⋯Br2 0.79 (3) 2.54 (3) 3.3280 (14) 177 (3)
C1—H1A⋯Br1i 0.95 2.80 3.6093 (15) 144
C3—H3A⋯Br2ii 0.95 2.92 3.7866 (16) 153
C5—H5A⋯Br2iii 0.95 2.89 3.8162 (17) 167
C8—H8A⋯Br2iv 0.99 2.93 3.9117 (16) 172
C15—H15A⋯Br2iv 0.99 2.72 3.6809 (19) 165
C15—H15B⋯Br1iv 0.99 2.80 3.7842 (15) 170
C18—H18A⋯O1Wv 0.95 2.46 3.187 (2) 133
C20—H20A⋯Br2 0.95 2.76 3.6602 (16) 158
C22—H22A⋯Br1i 0.95 2.70 3.5577 (15) 150
C23—H23A⋯Br2i 0.99 2.89 3.7836 (14) 151
C23—H23B⋯Br2ii 0.99 2.81 3.7285 (17) 154
Symmetry codes: (i) -x+1, -y+1, -z+1; (ii) x+1, y, z+1; (iii) x, y, z+1; (iv) -x, -y+1, -z+1; (v) x-1, y, z.

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009[Bruker (2009). APEX2, SAINT and SADABS. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009[Bruker (2009). APEX2, SAINT and SADABS. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2009[Spek, A. L. (2009). Acta Cryst. D65, 148-155.]).

Supporting information


Comment top

N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs) is a versatile class of ligands, which have widespread applications in organometallic chemistry (Winkelmann & Navarro, 2010). Metal complexes of NHCs have proven to be potential antimicrobial (Kascatan-Nebioglu et al., 2007) and anticancer (Teyssot et al., 2009) agents. Notably, NHCs also exhibit excellent catalytical activity for Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions (Herrmann et al., 1995) and Metathesis Cross-Coupling reactions (Choi et al., 2001). Benzimidazole-based NHCs of similar structures and their metal complexes are now known to be effective catalysts for the cross coupling reactions of different alcohols and ratiometric sensing (Kumar & Kumar, 2009).

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, (Fig. 1), consists of a 3,3'-[1,2-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1-heptylbenzimidazolium) cation, two bromine anions and one water molecule. One of the heptyl group is disordered over two sets of sites, with an occupancy ratio of 0.474 (5):0.526 (5). The central benzene (C9–C14) ring makes dihedral angles of 84.77 (9) and 69.92 (7)° with the adjacent imidazole (N1/N2/C1/C2/C7) and (N3/N4/C16/C21/C22) rings, respectively.

In the crystal structure (Fig. 2), the cations, anions and water molecules are linked together via intermolecular O1W—H1W1···Br1, O1W—H2W1···Br2, C1—H1A···Br1, C3—H3A···Br2, C5—H5A···Br2, C8—H8A···Br2, C15—H15A···Br2, C15—H15B···Br1, C18—H18A···O1W, C20—H20A···Br2, C22—H22A···Br1, C23—H23A···Br2 and C23—H23B···Br2 (Table 1) hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

Related literature top

For details and applications of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), see: Winkelmann & Navarro (2010); Kascatan-Nebioglu et al. (2007); Teyssot et al. (2009); Herrmann et al. (1995); Choi et al. (2001); Kumar & Kumar (2009). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986).

Experimental top

A mixture of benzimidazole (2.36 g, 20 mmol) and finely ground potassium hydroxide (2.36 g, 30 mmol) in 30 ml of DMSO was stirred at room temperature (27–28 °C) for 30 minutes. 1-bromoheptane (3.14 ml, 20 mmol) was added drop-wise in this consistently stirred mixture with further stirring for 2 h at the same temperature, poured into water (300 ml) and was extracted by chloroform (5 × 20 ml). The extract was dried by magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford N-heptylbenzimidazole (1) as a thick yellowish fluid (3.87 g, 89.6%). Furthermore, a mixture of 1 (2.16 g, 10 mmol) and 1,2-bis(bromomethyl)benzene (1.32 g, 5 mmol) in dioxane (30 ml) was refluxed at 90 °C for 12 h. Desired compound (2.2Br) appeared as beige-colored precipitates in dark brown solution. The mixture was filtered and precipitates were washed by fresh dioxane (3 × 5 ml), dried at room temperature for 24 h, and soft lumps so obtained were ground to fine powder (1.72 g, 49.4%). Hot (saturated) solution of 2.2Br in deuterated DMSO (0.5 ml) was cooled to room temperature in NMR tube overnight to get single (prismatic) crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction study.

Refinement top

Atoms H1W1 and H1W2 were located in a difference Fourier map and refined freely [O—H = 0.79 (3)–0.84 (2) Å]. The remaining H atoms were positioned geometrically (C—H = 0.95–0.99 Å) and were refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) = 1.2 or 1.5Ueq(C). A rotating group model was applied to the methyl groups. One of the heptyl group is disordered over two sets of sites, with an occupancy ratio of 0.474 (5):0.526 (5). SAME restraints were applied in the refinement of the disordered components. In addition, the thermal ellipsoids of C32/C32X and C28/C29 were restrained to be equal.

Computing details top

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The asymmetric unit of the title compound, showing 30% probability displacement ellipsoids and the atom-numbering scheme. H atoms have been omitted for clarity.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. The crystal packing of the title compound, showing hydrogen-bonded (dashed lines) network.
3,3'-[1,2-Phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1-heptylbenzimidazolium) dibromide monohydrate top
Crystal data top
C36H48N42+·2Br·H2OZ = 2
Mr = 714.62F(000) = 744
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.324 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 8.8494 (1) ÅCell parameters from 9922 reflections
b = 14.7170 (3) Åθ = 2.6–33.7°
c = 16.0838 (2) ŵ = 2.29 mm1
α = 115.705 (1)°T = 100 K
β = 105.380 (1)°Block, colourless
γ = 91.946 (1)°0.39 × 0.18 × 0.16 mm
V = 1792.83 (5) Å3
Data collection top
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector
diffractometer
12945 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube10091 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.027
ϕ and ω scansθmax = 32.5°, θmin = 1.5°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2009)
h = 1313
Tmin = 0.469, Tmax = 0.715k = 2222
50860 measured reflectionsl = 2424
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.032Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.077H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 1.02 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0359P)2 + 0.6181P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
12945 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
442 parametersΔρmax = 0.84 e Å3
9 restraintsΔρmin = 0.75 e Å3
Crystal data top
C36H48N42+·2Br·H2Oγ = 91.946 (1)°
Mr = 714.62V = 1792.83 (5) Å3
Triclinic, P1Z = 2
a = 8.8494 (1) ÅMo Kα radiation
b = 14.7170 (3) ŵ = 2.29 mm1
c = 16.0838 (2) ÅT = 100 K
α = 115.705 (1)°0.39 × 0.18 × 0.16 mm
β = 105.380 (1)°
Data collection top
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector
diffractometer
12945 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2009)
10091 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.469, Tmax = 0.715Rint = 0.027
50860 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0329 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.077H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 1.02Δρmax = 0.84 e Å3
12945 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.75 e Å3
442 parameters
Special details top

Experimental. The crystal was placed in the cold stream of an Oxford Cryosystems Cobra open-flow nitrogen cryostat (Cosier & Glazer, 1986) operating at 100.0 (1) K.

Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
Br10.365462 (16)0.228743 (11)0.219134 (10)0.02173 (4)
Br20.031239 (16)0.512483 (11)0.193441 (10)0.02124 (4)
N10.48319 (13)0.66074 (9)0.94225 (8)0.0168 (2)
N20.72144 (13)0.65150 (9)1.01988 (8)0.0172 (2)
N30.07774 (13)0.69630 (9)0.68277 (8)0.0178 (2)
N40.19471 (14)0.67552 (10)0.57302 (9)0.0198 (2)
C10.63655 (16)0.66612 (10)0.94634 (10)0.0171 (2)
H1A0.67870.67860.90300.021*
C20.61934 (16)0.63548 (10)1.06701 (10)0.0167 (2)
C30.64670 (17)0.61359 (11)1.14536 (10)0.0193 (3)
H3A0.75000.60961.17920.023*
C40.51353 (18)0.59803 (11)1.17085 (10)0.0207 (3)
H4A0.52620.58311.22390.025*
C50.36033 (18)0.60365 (11)1.12058 (11)0.0215 (3)
H5A0.27270.59211.14050.026*
C60.33375 (16)0.62550 (11)1.04280 (10)0.0193 (3)
H6A0.23060.62941.00880.023*
C70.46771 (16)0.64135 (10)1.01748 (10)0.0166 (2)
C80.35503 (16)0.67445 (11)0.87201 (10)0.0187 (3)
H8A0.26040.62210.84960.022*
H8B0.38890.66350.81490.022*
C90.30936 (16)0.77994 (11)0.91357 (10)0.0177 (3)
C100.40829 (17)0.86003 (11)0.99982 (11)0.0220 (3)
H10A0.50530.84821.03320.026*
C110.36713 (19)0.95694 (12)1.03770 (11)0.0252 (3)
H11A0.43551.01051.09670.030*
C120.2263 (2)0.97520 (12)0.98931 (11)0.0266 (3)
H12A0.19801.04131.01480.032*
C130.12706 (19)0.89630 (13)0.90350 (11)0.0253 (3)
H13A0.03050.90890.87050.030*
C140.16660 (16)0.79853 (11)0.86476 (10)0.0193 (3)
C150.04692 (16)0.71575 (12)0.77466 (10)0.0204 (3)
H15A0.04520.65140.78030.025*
H15B0.05990.73480.77150.025*
C160.03893 (16)0.64533 (11)0.59265 (10)0.0183 (3)
C170.20136 (17)0.61256 (12)0.56824 (11)0.0215 (3)
H17A0.25150.62150.61600.026*
C180.28532 (18)0.56616 (12)0.46997 (11)0.0250 (3)
H18A0.39660.54300.44970.030*
C190.21027 (19)0.55241 (12)0.39959 (11)0.0261 (3)
H19A0.27240.51980.33300.031*
C200.04885 (19)0.58480 (12)0.42390 (11)0.0246 (3)
H20A0.00160.57540.37610.029*
C210.03504 (17)0.63207 (11)0.52276 (10)0.0197 (3)
C220.21526 (16)0.71327 (11)0.66812 (10)0.0190 (3)
H22A0.31350.74720.71800.023*
C230.89380 (16)0.64783 (11)1.04495 (10)0.0199 (3)
H23A0.92850.63200.98720.024*
H23B0.91320.59211.06320.024*
C240.99196 (17)0.74804 (11)1.12807 (11)0.0217 (3)
H24A1.10050.73631.15300.026*
H24B0.94410.77001.18140.026*
C251.0042 (2)0.83405 (12)1.10038 (12)0.0279 (3)
H25A0.89670.84981.08030.033*
H25B1.04490.81061.04400.033*
C261.1138 (2)0.93188 (13)1.18354 (13)0.0312 (4)
H26A1.21840.91461.20740.037*
H26B1.13100.98041.15800.037*
C271.0495 (2)0.98436 (13)1.26812 (13)0.0318 (4)
H27A1.03680.93691.29540.038*
H27B0.94280.99871.24360.038*
C281.1542 (3)1.08388 (15)1.34891 (15)0.0474 (4)
H28A1.16361.13281.32270.057*
H28B1.26211.07041.37240.057*
C291.0880 (3)1.13208 (15)1.43403 (15)0.0474 (4)
H29A1.15981.19531.48470.071*
H29B1.07901.08411.46050.071*
H29C0.98271.14781.41160.071*
C300.31844 (18)0.68129 (12)0.52875 (11)0.0237 (3)
H30A0.32310.61120.48170.028*0.474 (5)
H30B0.42290.70920.58010.028*0.474 (5)
H30C0.30350.61920.47010.028*0.526 (5)
H30D0.42140.68970.57290.028*0.526 (5)
C310.2912 (8)0.7454 (5)0.4784 (4)0.0235 (11)0.474 (5)
H31A0.27740.81310.52520.028*0.474 (5)
H31D0.18870.71420.42560.028*0.474 (5)
C320.4121 (14)0.7637 (9)0.4352 (8)0.0239 (12)0.474 (5)
H32A0.38380.70840.36770.029*0.474 (5)
H32D0.51590.75540.47120.029*0.474 (5)
C330.4379 (5)0.8674 (3)0.4321 (3)0.0283 (9)0.474 (5)
H33A0.33480.89100.41940.034*0.474 (5)
H33B0.50950.91980.49560.034*0.474 (5)
C340.5109 (7)0.8542 (6)0.3522 (5)0.0284 (13)0.474 (5)
H34A0.60210.81790.35840.034*0.474 (5)
H34B0.43080.81020.28840.034*0.474 (5)
C350.5674 (5)0.9528 (3)0.3533 (3)0.0302 (9)0.474 (5)
H35A0.48210.99490.35810.036*0.474 (5)
H35B0.66090.99170.41140.036*0.474 (5)
C360.6121 (7)0.9350 (6)0.2638 (4)0.0435 (14)0.474 (5)
H36A0.65441.00070.26990.065*0.474 (5)
H36B0.51770.90180.20640.065*0.474 (5)
H36C0.69320.89090.25710.065*0.474 (5)
C31X0.3150 (8)0.7765 (4)0.5075 (4)0.0293 (11)0.526 (5)
H31B0.20750.77480.46740.035*0.526 (5)
H31C0.34630.84140.56870.035*0.526 (5)
C32X0.4359 (12)0.7661 (8)0.4522 (7)0.0239 (12)0.526 (5)
H32B0.43500.69240.41240.029*0.526 (5)
H32C0.54350.79610.50000.029*0.526 (5)
C33X0.4057 (4)0.8177 (3)0.3857 (3)0.0265 (8)0.526 (5)
H33C0.32780.77000.32230.032*0.526 (5)
H33D0.35820.87920.41500.032*0.526 (5)
C34X0.5560 (6)0.8489 (5)0.3687 (5)0.0227 (10)0.526 (5)
H34C0.60780.78830.34390.027*0.526 (5)
H34D0.63080.90050.43140.027*0.526 (5)
C35X0.5249 (4)0.8934 (3)0.2968 (3)0.0292 (8)0.526 (5)
H35C0.45140.84150.23370.035*0.526 (5)
H35D0.47200.95350.32100.035*0.526 (5)
C36X0.6762 (6)0.9258 (4)0.2811 (4)0.0358 (10)0.526 (5)
H36D0.65050.95900.23910.054*0.526 (5)
H36E0.72310.86530.25030.054*0.526 (5)
H36F0.75240.97380.34390.054*0.526 (5)
O1W0.39216 (15)0.47948 (11)0.29323 (9)0.0324 (3)
H1W10.380 (3)0.4177 (19)0.2809 (17)0.050 (7)*
H2W10.307 (3)0.4896 (18)0.2719 (17)0.048 (7)*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Br10.01641 (7)0.02614 (8)0.02309 (7)0.00403 (5)0.00799 (5)0.01061 (6)
Br20.01825 (7)0.02841 (8)0.02049 (7)0.00428 (5)0.00856 (5)0.01277 (6)
N10.0142 (5)0.0200 (5)0.0152 (5)0.0023 (4)0.0050 (4)0.0069 (4)
N20.0143 (5)0.0208 (6)0.0172 (5)0.0032 (4)0.0067 (4)0.0081 (5)
N30.0144 (5)0.0243 (6)0.0144 (5)0.0029 (4)0.0046 (4)0.0087 (5)
N40.0181 (5)0.0254 (6)0.0185 (5)0.0043 (5)0.0083 (4)0.0108 (5)
C10.0166 (6)0.0182 (6)0.0158 (6)0.0028 (5)0.0064 (5)0.0064 (5)
C20.0159 (6)0.0175 (6)0.0166 (6)0.0039 (5)0.0077 (5)0.0063 (5)
C30.0211 (6)0.0203 (6)0.0169 (6)0.0055 (5)0.0074 (5)0.0078 (5)
C40.0262 (7)0.0201 (6)0.0186 (6)0.0053 (5)0.0112 (6)0.0089 (5)
C50.0215 (7)0.0210 (7)0.0218 (7)0.0023 (5)0.0119 (6)0.0068 (6)
C60.0157 (6)0.0205 (6)0.0202 (6)0.0024 (5)0.0079 (5)0.0067 (5)
C70.0163 (6)0.0171 (6)0.0152 (6)0.0026 (5)0.0059 (5)0.0060 (5)
C80.0159 (6)0.0211 (6)0.0155 (6)0.0017 (5)0.0025 (5)0.0066 (5)
C90.0164 (6)0.0214 (6)0.0161 (6)0.0029 (5)0.0061 (5)0.0087 (5)
C100.0194 (6)0.0242 (7)0.0199 (7)0.0030 (5)0.0041 (5)0.0090 (6)
C110.0299 (8)0.0224 (7)0.0204 (7)0.0030 (6)0.0084 (6)0.0071 (6)
C120.0350 (8)0.0250 (7)0.0243 (7)0.0127 (6)0.0144 (7)0.0118 (6)
C130.0251 (7)0.0347 (8)0.0228 (7)0.0131 (6)0.0116 (6)0.0163 (6)
C140.0169 (6)0.0276 (7)0.0159 (6)0.0048 (5)0.0071 (5)0.0110 (6)
C150.0145 (6)0.0327 (8)0.0153 (6)0.0032 (5)0.0050 (5)0.0119 (6)
C160.0172 (6)0.0221 (6)0.0152 (6)0.0038 (5)0.0042 (5)0.0088 (5)
C170.0172 (6)0.0272 (7)0.0202 (7)0.0042 (5)0.0056 (5)0.0111 (6)
C180.0193 (7)0.0274 (7)0.0235 (7)0.0030 (6)0.0022 (6)0.0100 (6)
C190.0259 (7)0.0301 (8)0.0162 (6)0.0045 (6)0.0017 (6)0.0080 (6)
C200.0267 (7)0.0294 (8)0.0173 (6)0.0063 (6)0.0078 (6)0.0097 (6)
C210.0188 (6)0.0229 (7)0.0181 (6)0.0044 (5)0.0062 (5)0.0096 (5)
C220.0162 (6)0.0241 (7)0.0180 (6)0.0038 (5)0.0055 (5)0.0107 (5)
C230.0144 (6)0.0255 (7)0.0204 (6)0.0062 (5)0.0073 (5)0.0097 (6)
C240.0170 (6)0.0262 (7)0.0201 (7)0.0032 (5)0.0053 (5)0.0093 (6)
C250.0299 (8)0.0288 (8)0.0273 (8)0.0018 (6)0.0098 (6)0.0146 (7)
C260.0244 (7)0.0263 (8)0.0414 (9)0.0019 (6)0.0123 (7)0.0133 (7)
C270.0341 (9)0.0273 (8)0.0314 (8)0.0028 (7)0.0096 (7)0.0117 (7)
C280.0601 (10)0.0289 (7)0.0402 (8)0.0077 (6)0.0086 (7)0.0084 (6)
C290.0601 (10)0.0289 (7)0.0402 (8)0.0077 (6)0.0086 (7)0.0084 (6)
C300.0207 (7)0.0316 (8)0.0224 (7)0.0046 (6)0.0120 (6)0.0125 (6)
C310.021 (2)0.025 (3)0.026 (3)0.003 (2)0.010 (2)0.011 (2)
C320.026 (3)0.0297 (9)0.012 (3)0.0043 (14)0.004 (2)0.0073 (17)
C330.037 (2)0.0225 (19)0.030 (2)0.0061 (16)0.0182 (17)0.0121 (17)
C340.032 (3)0.027 (2)0.023 (3)0.005 (2)0.009 (2)0.0084 (18)
C350.0307 (18)0.033 (2)0.030 (2)0.0012 (15)0.0108 (15)0.0166 (18)
C360.038 (3)0.062 (3)0.042 (3)0.003 (3)0.017 (3)0.030 (2)
C31X0.031 (3)0.030 (3)0.037 (3)0.008 (2)0.017 (3)0.021 (2)
C32X0.026 (3)0.0297 (9)0.012 (3)0.0043 (14)0.004 (2)0.0073 (17)
C33X0.0217 (14)0.0299 (19)0.0300 (18)0.0033 (13)0.0101 (13)0.0146 (16)
C34X0.023 (2)0.0247 (18)0.024 (2)0.0026 (18)0.0094 (19)0.0138 (16)
C35X0.0295 (16)0.0322 (19)0.0263 (17)0.0002 (13)0.0099 (13)0.0135 (16)
C36X0.035 (2)0.042 (2)0.039 (2)0.002 (2)0.017 (2)0.0231 (19)
O1W0.0238 (6)0.0322 (7)0.0347 (7)0.0010 (5)0.0019 (5)0.0163 (6)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
N1—C11.3391 (17)C25—H25B0.9900
N1—C71.3961 (17)C26—C271.517 (2)
N1—C81.4618 (18)C26—H26A0.9900
N2—C11.3304 (18)C26—H26B0.9900
N2—C21.3965 (17)C27—C281.520 (3)
N2—C231.4799 (18)C27—H27A0.9900
N3—C221.3348 (17)C27—H27B0.9900
N3—C161.3928 (17)C28—C291.527 (3)
N3—C151.4808 (18)C28—H28A0.9900
N4—C221.3377 (18)C28—H28B0.9900
N4—C211.3940 (18)C29—H29A0.9800
N4—C301.4740 (18)C29—H29B0.9800
C1—H1A0.9500C29—H29C0.9800
C2—C71.3940 (19)C30—C311.475 (8)
C2—C31.3949 (19)C30—C31X1.580 (7)
C3—C41.389 (2)C30—H30A0.9900
C3—H3A0.9500C30—H30B0.9900
C4—C51.408 (2)C30—H30C0.9600
C4—H4A0.9500C30—H30D0.9600
C5—C61.386 (2)C31—C321.496 (9)
C5—H5A0.9500C31—H31A0.9900
C6—C71.3947 (19)C31—H31D0.9900
C6—H6A0.9500C32—C331.560 (10)
C8—C91.519 (2)C32—H32A0.9900
C8—H8A0.9900C32—H32D0.9900
C8—H8B0.9900C33—C341.529 (7)
C9—C101.3955 (19)C33—H33A0.9900
C9—C141.404 (2)C33—H33B0.9900
C10—C111.392 (2)C34—C351.511 (7)
C10—H10A0.9500C34—H34A0.9900
C11—C121.386 (2)C34—H34B0.9900
C11—H11A0.9500C35—C361.508 (6)
C12—C131.386 (2)C35—H35A0.9900
C12—H12A0.9500C35—H35B0.9900
C13—C141.398 (2)C36—H36A0.9800
C13—H13A0.9500C36—H36B0.9800
C14—C151.507 (2)C36—H36C0.9800
C15—H15A0.9900C31X—C32X1.534 (9)
C15—H15B0.9900C31X—H31B0.9900
C16—C211.392 (2)C31X—H31C0.9900
C16—C171.3936 (19)C32X—C33X1.536 (8)
C17—C181.387 (2)C32X—H32B0.9900
C17—H17A0.9500C32X—H32C0.9900
C18—C191.404 (2)C33X—C34X1.522 (6)
C18—H18A0.9500C33X—H33C0.9900
C19—C201.384 (2)C33X—H33D0.9900
C19—H19A0.9500C34X—C35X1.529 (6)
C20—C211.394 (2)C34X—H34C0.9900
C20—H20A0.9500C34X—H34D0.9900
C22—H22A0.9500C35X—C36X1.524 (5)
C23—C241.518 (2)C35X—H35C0.9900
C23—H23A0.9900C35X—H35D0.9900
C23—H23B0.9900C36X—H36D0.9800
C24—C251.522 (2)C36X—H36E0.9800
C24—H24A0.9900C36X—H36F0.9800
C24—H24B0.9900O1W—H1W10.84 (2)
C25—C261.533 (2)O1W—H2W10.79 (3)
C25—H25A0.9900
C1—N1—C7108.14 (11)C27—C26—H26B108.8
C1—N1—C8125.77 (12)C25—C26—H26B108.8
C7—N1—C8126.08 (11)H26A—C26—H26B107.7
C1—N2—C2108.59 (11)C26—C27—C28114.01 (16)
C1—N2—C23125.85 (12)C26—C27—H27A108.8
C2—N2—C23125.50 (12)C28—C27—H27A108.8
C22—N3—C16108.14 (11)C26—C27—H27B108.8
C22—N3—C15128.98 (12)C28—C27—H27B108.8
C16—N3—C15122.61 (11)H27A—C27—H27B107.6
C22—N4—C21108.35 (12)C27—C28—C29112.23 (19)
C22—N4—C30125.98 (12)C27—C28—H28A109.2
C21—N4—C30125.65 (12)C29—C28—H28A109.2
N2—C1—N1110.19 (12)C27—C28—H28B109.2
N2—C1—H1A124.9C29—C28—H28B109.2
N1—C1—H1A124.9H28A—C28—H28B107.9
C7—C2—C3122.01 (13)C28—C29—H29A109.5
C7—C2—N2106.38 (12)C28—C29—H29B109.5
C3—C2—N2131.57 (13)H29A—C29—H29B109.5
C4—C3—C2115.83 (13)C28—C29—H29C109.5
C4—C3—H3A122.1H29A—C29—H29C109.5
C2—C3—H3A122.1H29B—C29—H29C109.5
C3—C4—C5122.12 (13)N4—C30—C31113.6 (3)
C3—C4—H4A118.9N4—C30—C31X110.5 (3)
C5—C4—H4A118.9N4—C30—H30A108.9
C6—C5—C4121.84 (13)C31—C30—H30A108.9
C6—C5—H5A119.1N4—C30—H30B108.9
C4—C5—H5A119.1C31—C30—H30B108.9
C5—C6—C7115.94 (13)H30A—C30—H30B107.7
C5—C6—H6A122.0N4—C30—H30C110.1
C7—C6—H6A122.0C31—C30—H30C93.8
C2—C7—C6122.25 (13)C31X—C30—H30C110.5
C2—C7—N1106.71 (11)H30B—C30—H30C121.1
C6—C7—N1130.99 (13)N4—C30—H30D109.5
N1—C8—C9112.83 (11)C31—C30—H30D120.1
N1—C8—H8A109.0C31X—C30—H30D107.8
C9—C8—H8A109.0H30A—C30—H30D93.7
N1—C8—H8B109.0H30C—C30—H30D108.3
C9—C8—H8B109.0C30—C31—C32119.6 (6)
H8A—C8—H8B107.8C30—C31—H31A107.4
C10—C9—C14118.88 (13)C32—C31—H31A107.4
C10—C9—C8120.99 (13)C30—C31—H31D107.4
C14—C9—C8120.13 (12)C32—C31—H31D107.4
C11—C10—C9121.08 (14)H31A—C31—H31D106.9
C11—C10—H10A119.5C31—C32—C33119.7 (9)
C9—C10—H10A119.5C31—C32—H32A107.4
C12—C11—C10119.96 (14)C33—C32—H32A107.4
C12—C11—H11A120.0C31—C32—H32D107.4
C10—C11—H11A120.0C33—C32—H32D107.4
C11—C12—C13119.53 (15)H32A—C32—H32D106.9
C11—C12—H12A120.2C34—C33—C32110.0 (6)
C13—C12—H12A120.2C34—C33—H33A109.7
C12—C13—C14121.15 (14)C32—C33—H33A109.7
C12—C13—H13A119.4C34—C33—H33B109.7
C14—C13—H13A119.4C32—C33—H33B109.7
C13—C14—C9119.41 (13)H33A—C33—H33B108.2
C13—C14—C15117.53 (13)C35—C34—C33114.8 (5)
C9—C14—C15122.95 (13)C35—C34—H34A108.6
N3—C15—C14114.66 (11)C33—C34—H34A108.6
N3—C15—H15A108.6C35—C34—H34B108.6
C14—C15—H15A108.6C33—C34—H34B108.6
N3—C15—H15B108.6H34A—C34—H34B107.5
C14—C15—H15B108.6C36—C35—C34112.6 (5)
H15A—C15—H15B107.6C36—C35—H35A109.1
C21—C16—N3106.94 (12)C34—C35—H35A109.1
C21—C16—C17122.16 (13)C36—C35—H35B109.1
N3—C16—C17130.88 (13)C34—C35—H35B109.1
C18—C17—C16115.95 (14)H35A—C35—H35B107.8
C18—C17—H17A122.0C32X—C31X—C30104.7 (5)
C16—C17—H17A122.0C32X—C31X—H31B110.8
C17—C18—C19121.77 (14)C30—C31X—H31B110.8
C17—C18—H18A119.1C32X—C31X—H31C110.8
C19—C18—H18A119.1C30—C31X—H31C110.8
C20—C19—C18122.23 (14)H31B—C31X—H31C108.9
C20—C19—H19A118.9C31X—C32X—C33X114.6 (7)
C18—C19—H19A118.9C31X—C32X—H32B108.6
C19—C20—C21115.87 (14)C33X—C32X—H32B108.6
C19—C20—H20A122.1C31X—C32X—H32C108.6
C21—C20—H20A122.1C33X—C32X—H32C108.6
C16—C21—C20122.01 (13)H32B—C32X—H32C107.6
C16—C21—N4106.38 (12)C34X—C33X—C32X113.1 (5)
C20—C21—N4131.60 (14)C34X—C33X—H33C109.0
N3—C22—N4110.19 (12)C32X—C33X—H33C109.0
N3—C22—H22A124.9C34X—C33X—H33D109.0
N4—C22—H22A124.9C32X—C33X—H33D109.0
N2—C23—C24112.21 (12)H33C—C33X—H33D107.8
N2—C23—H23A109.2C33X—C34X—C35X113.3 (4)
C24—C23—H23A109.2C33X—C34X—H34C108.9
N2—C23—H23B109.2C35X—C34X—H34C108.9
C24—C23—H23B109.2C33X—C34X—H34D108.9
H23A—C23—H23B107.9C35X—C34X—H34D108.9
C23—C24—C25113.95 (13)H34C—C34X—H34D107.7
C23—C24—H24A108.8C36X—C35X—C34X113.0 (4)
C25—C24—H24A108.8C36X—C35X—H35C109.0
C23—C24—H24B108.8C34X—C35X—H35C109.0
C25—C24—H24B108.8C36X—C35X—H35D109.0
H24A—C24—H24B107.7C34X—C35X—H35D109.0
C24—C25—C26112.82 (14)H35C—C35X—H35D107.8
C24—C25—H25A109.0C35X—C36X—H36D109.5
C26—C25—H25A109.0C35X—C36X—H36E109.5
C24—C25—H25B109.0H36D—C36X—H36E109.5
C26—C25—H25B109.0C35X—C36X—H36F109.5
H25A—C25—H25B107.8H36D—C36X—H36F109.5
C27—C26—C25113.75 (14)H36E—C36X—H36F109.5
C27—C26—H26A108.8H1W1—O1W—H2W1106 (2)
C25—C26—H26A108.8
C2—N2—C1—N10.07 (16)C22—N3—C16—C17178.32 (16)
C23—N2—C1—N1177.39 (12)C15—N3—C16—C177.2 (2)
C7—N1—C1—N20.09 (16)C21—C16—C17—C180.2 (2)
C8—N1—C1—N2179.03 (12)N3—C16—C17—C18178.08 (15)
C1—N2—C2—C70.02 (15)C16—C17—C18—C190.5 (2)
C23—N2—C2—C7177.35 (12)C17—C18—C19—C200.4 (3)
C1—N2—C2—C3177.66 (15)C18—C19—C20—C210.0 (2)
C23—N2—C2—C30.3 (2)N3—C16—C21—C20178.90 (14)
C7—C2—C3—C40.0 (2)C17—C16—C21—C200.3 (2)
N2—C2—C3—C4177.37 (14)N3—C16—C21—N40.06 (16)
C2—C3—C4—C50.2 (2)C17—C16—C21—N4178.71 (14)
C3—C4—C5—C60.3 (2)C19—C20—C21—C160.4 (2)
C4—C5—C6—C70.1 (2)C19—C20—C21—N4178.30 (15)
C3—C2—C7—C60.2 (2)C22—N4—C21—C160.27 (16)
N2—C2—C7—C6177.79 (13)C30—N4—C21—C16178.69 (13)
C3—C2—C7—N1177.98 (12)C22—N4—C21—C20178.56 (16)
N2—C2—C7—N10.03 (15)C30—N4—C21—C200.1 (3)
C5—C6—C7—C20.1 (2)C16—N3—C22—N40.34 (17)
C5—C6—C7—N1177.34 (14)C15—N3—C22—N4173.71 (14)
C1—N1—C7—C20.07 (15)C21—N4—C22—N30.38 (17)
C8—N1—C7—C2179.04 (12)C30—N4—C22—N3178.80 (13)
C1—N1—C7—C6177.48 (14)C1—N2—C23—C24100.16 (16)
C8—N1—C7—C63.4 (2)C2—N2—C23—C2482.96 (17)
C1—N1—C8—C9101.05 (16)N2—C23—C24—C2573.02 (16)
C7—N1—C8—C977.90 (16)C23—C24—C25—C26175.79 (13)
N1—C8—C9—C1015.32 (18)C24—C25—C26—C2767.89 (19)
N1—C8—C9—C14165.31 (12)C25—C26—C27—C28177.48 (16)
C14—C9—C10—C110.2 (2)C26—C27—C28—C29177.98 (17)
C8—C9—C10—C11179.59 (13)C22—N4—C30—C31113.8 (3)
C9—C10—C11—C120.3 (2)C21—N4—C30—C3164.4 (3)
C10—C11—C12—C130.3 (2)C22—N4—C30—C31X95.1 (3)
C11—C12—C13—C140.1 (2)C21—N4—C30—C31X83.1 (3)
C12—C13—C14—C90.1 (2)N4—C30—C31—C32176.3 (6)
C12—C13—C14—C15176.19 (14)C31X—C30—C31—C3292.5 (18)
C10—C9—C14—C130.0 (2)C30—C31—C32—C33147.7 (6)
C8—C9—C14—C13179.39 (13)C31—C32—C33—C34157.1 (7)
C10—C9—C14—C15176.05 (13)C32—C33—C34—C35170.0 (5)
C8—C9—C14—C154.6 (2)C33—C34—C35—C36170.2 (4)
C22—N3—C15—C1425.2 (2)N4—C30—C31X—C32X174.1 (4)
C16—N3—C15—C14161.53 (13)C31—C30—C31X—C32X70.8 (16)
C13—C14—C15—N397.87 (16)C30—C31X—C32X—C33X154.5 (6)
C9—C14—C15—N386.02 (17)C31X—C32X—C33X—C34X154.0 (6)
C22—N3—C16—C210.16 (16)C32X—C33X—C34X—C35X175.9 (6)
C15—N3—C16—C21174.34 (13)C33X—C34X—C35X—C36X179.2 (4)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O1W—H1W1···Br10.84 (3)2.50 (3)3.3271 (17)169 (2)
O1W—H2W1···Br20.79 (3)2.54 (3)3.3280 (14)177 (3)
C1—H1A···Br1i0.952.803.6093 (15)144
C3—H3A···Br2ii0.952.923.7866 (16)153
C5—H5A···Br2iii0.952.893.8162 (17)167
C8—H8A···Br2iv0.992.933.9117 (16)172
C15—H15A···Br2iv0.992.723.6809 (19)165
C15—H15B···Br1iv0.992.803.7842 (15)170
C18—H18A···O1Wv0.952.463.187 (2)133
C20—H20A···Br20.952.763.6602 (16)158
C22—H22A···Br1i0.952.703.5577 (15)150
C23—H23A···Br2i0.992.893.7836 (14)151
C23—H23B···Br2ii0.992.813.7285 (17)154
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1, y+1, z+1; (ii) x+1, y, z+1; (iii) x, y, z+1; (iv) x, y+1, z+1; (v) x1, y, z.

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC36H48N42+·2Br·H2O
Mr714.62
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P1
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c (Å)8.8494 (1), 14.7170 (3), 16.0838 (2)
α, β, γ (°)115.705 (1), 105.380 (1), 91.946 (1)
V3)1792.83 (5)
Z2
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)2.29
Crystal size (mm)0.39 × 0.18 × 0.16
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector
diffractometer
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2009)
Tmin, Tmax0.469, 0.715
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
50860, 12945, 10091
Rint0.027
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.756
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.032, 0.077, 1.02
No. of reflections12945
No. of parameters442
No. of restraints9
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.84, 0.75

Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O1W—H1W1···Br10.84 (3)2.50 (3)3.3271 (17)169 (2)
O1W—H2W1···Br20.79 (3)2.54 (3)3.3280 (14)177 (3)
C1—H1A···Br1i0.952.803.6093 (15)144
C3—H3A···Br2ii0.952.923.7866 (16)153
C5—H5A···Br2iii0.952.893.8162 (17)167
C8—H8A···Br2iv0.992.933.9117 (16)172
C15—H15A···Br2iv0.992.723.6809 (19)165
C15—H15B···Br1iv0.992.803.7842 (15)170
C18—H18A···O1Wv0.952.463.187 (2)133
C20—H20A···Br20.952.763.6602 (16)158
C22—H22A···Br1i0.952.703.5577 (15)150
C23—H23A···Br2i0.992.893.7836 (14)151
C23—H23B···Br2ii0.992.813.7285 (17)154
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1, y+1, z+1; (ii) x+1, y, z+1; (iii) x, y, z+1; (iv) x, y+1, z+1; (v) x1, y, z.
 

Footnotes

Thomson Reuters ResearcherID: A-3561-2009.

Acknowledgements

RAH thanks Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) for the FRGS fund (203/PKIMIA/671115), short term grant (304/PKIMIA639001), and RU grants (1001/PKIMIA/811157) and (1001/PKIMIA/823082). MAI is grateful to (IPS) USM for financial support [fellowship: USM.IPS/JWT/1/19 (JLD 6)]. HKF and MH thank the Malaysian Government and UUSM for the Research University Grant No. 1001/PFIZIK/811160. MH thanks USM for a post-doctoral research fellowship.

References

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Volume 67| Part 7| July 2011| Pages o1814-o1815
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