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Benzoic acid–3,4-bis­­[(pyridin-3-ylmeth­yl)amino]­cyclo­but-3-ene-1,2-dione (1/2)

aMolecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, PO Wits 2050, South Africa, and bCentre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
*Correspondence e-mail: andreas.lemmerer@wits.ac.za

(Received 23 December 2011; accepted 3 January 2012; online 14 January 2012)

In the title co-crystal, C16H14N4O2·2C7H6O2, the 3,4-bis­[(pyridin-3-ylmeth­yl)amino]­cyclo­but-3-ene-1,2-dione squareamide mol­ecules assemble into chains along the b axis via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The benzoic acid mol­ecules then hydrogen bond to the pyridine rings via O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, supported by weaker C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming extended ribbons. The asymmetric unit consists of a half squareamide mol­ecule, sitting on a special position around a twofold axis, and one benzoic acid mol­ecule on a general position.

Related literature

For the synthesis of related squareamides and co-crystals, see: Liu et al. (2002[Liu, Y., Lam, A. H. W., Fowler, F. W. & Lauher, J. W. (2002). Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 389, 39-46.]).

[Scheme 1]

Experimental

Crystal data
  • C16H14N4O2·2C7H6O2

  • Mr = 538.55

  • Monoclinic, C 2/c

  • a = 24.617 (5) Å

  • b = 6.0285 (12) Å

  • c = 17.806 (4) Å

  • β = 93.08 (3)°

  • V = 2638.6 (9) Å3

  • Z = 4

  • Mo Kα radiation

  • μ = 0.10 mm−1

  • T = 173 K

  • 0.49 × 0.16 × 0.14 mm

Data collection
  • Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer

  • Absorption correction: integration (XPREP; Bruker, 2004[Bruker (2004). XPREP. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]) Tmin = 0.944, Tmax = 0.989

  • 15016 measured reflections

  • 3166 independent reflections

  • 2110 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

  • Rint = 0.076

Refinement
  • R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044

  • wR(F2) = 0.116

  • S = 0.99

  • 3166 reflections

  • 190 parameters

  • H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement

  • Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3

  • Δρmin = −0.24 e Å−3

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—H H⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N1—H1⋯O1i 0.915 (16) 1.889 (17) 2.7697 (15) 161.0 (13)
O2—H2⋯N2 1.07 (2) 1.57 (2) 2.6380 (15) 178.0 (17)
C2—H2A⋯O3 0.95 2.68 3.3341 (18) 127
Symmetry code: (i) x, y-1, z.

Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2000[Nonius (2000). COLLECT. Nonius BV, Delft, The Netherlands.]); cell refinement: DENZO-SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997[Otwinowski, Z. & Minor, W. (1997). Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 276, Macromolecular Crystallography, Part A, edited by C. W. Carter Jr & R. M. Sweet, pp. 307-326. New York: Academic Press.]); data reduction: DENZO-SMN; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997[Farrugia, L. J. (1997). J. Appl. Cryst. 30, 565.]) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1999[Brandenburg, K. (1999). DIAMOND. Crystal Impact GbR, Bonn, Germany.]); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999[Farrugia, L. J. (1999). J. Appl. Cryst. 32, 837-838.]) and PLATON (Spek, 2009[Spek, A. L. (2009). Acta Cryst. D65, 148-155.]).

Supporting information


Comment top

The title compound is a further example of co-crystals formed by squareamide molecules, in this case 3,4-bis[(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)amino]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione, with carboxylic acid containing co-former molecules. Related co-crystals where the squaureamide molecule has the pyridine N atom in the 4 position are reported by Liu et al. (2002). The asymmetric unit consists of one half squareamide molecule, sitting around a twofold axis, and one complete benzoic acid molecule, on a general position (Fig. 1). The squareamide self-assembles into chains using the two N—H···O hydrogen bonds formed from the two amine N—-H groups to the diketones. The pyridine rings then act as hydrogen bond acceptors to the carboxylic acid functional group of the two benzoic acid molecules (Fig. 2).

Related literature top

For the synthesis of related squareamides and co-crystals, see: Liu et al. (2002).

Experimental top

The title squareamide compound was synthesized according to literature procedures (Liu et al., 2002) by double condensation of diethyl squarate with 1-(pyridin-3-yl)methanamine in ethanol by stirring for 12 h. The resulting solid was filtered and dried. The squareamide was then dissolved in a 1:2 stoichiometric ratio with benzoic acid in a 1/1 v/v mixture of methanol and water. Plate-like, colourless crystals were harvested after a few days by slow evaporation at ambient conditions.

Refinement top

The C-bound H atoms were geometrically placed with C—H bond lengths of 0.95 Å (aromatic CH) and 0.99 Å (methylene CH2) and were refined as riding with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). The N-bound and O-bound H atoms were located in the difference map and their coordinates and isotropic displacement parameters were refined freely.

Computing details top

Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2000); cell refinement: DENZO-SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO-SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1999); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The asymmetric unit of (I) showing the atom numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are shown at the 50% probability level. Atoms with superscript i are generated by the symmetry operation (-x, y, -z + 1/2).
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. Hydrogen bonding diagram of the ribbons of (I). Intermolecular N—H···O and O—H···N hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed red lines.
Benzoic acid–3,4-bis[(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)amino]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (1/2) top
Crystal data top
C16H14N4O2·2C7H6O2F(000) = 1128
Mr = 538.55Dx = 1.356 Mg m3
Monoclinic, C2/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -C 2ycCell parameters from 16004 reflections
a = 24.617 (5) Åθ = 0.2–28.3°
b = 6.0285 (12) ŵ = 0.10 mm1
c = 17.806 (4) ÅT = 173 K
β = 93.08 (3)°Plate, colourless
V = 2638.6 (9) Å30.49 × 0.16 × 0.14 mm
Z = 4
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
2110 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
2.0° ω scansRint = 0.076
Absorption correction: integration
(XPREP; Bruker, 2004)
θmax = 28.0°, θmin = 2.3°
Tmin = 0.944, Tmax = 0.989h = 3226
15016 measured reflectionsk = 77
3166 independent reflectionsl = 2321
Refinement top
Refinement on F2H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Least-squares matrix: full w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0659P)2 + ]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
wR(F2) = 0.116Δρmax = 0.23 e Å3
S = 0.99Δρmin = 0.24 e Å3
3166 reflectionsExtinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
190 parametersExtinction coefficient: 0.0097 (11)
0 restraints
Crystal data top
C16H14N4O2·2C7H6O2V = 2638.6 (9) Å3
Mr = 538.55Z = 4
Monoclinic, C2/cMo Kα radiation
a = 24.617 (5) ŵ = 0.10 mm1
b = 6.0285 (12) ÅT = 173 K
c = 17.806 (4) Å0.49 × 0.16 × 0.14 mm
β = 93.08 (3)°
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
3166 independent reflections
Absorption correction: integration
(XPREP; Bruker, 2004)
2110 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.944, Tmax = 0.989Rint = 0.076
15016 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0440 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.116H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 0.99Δρmax = 0.23 e Å3
3166 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.24 e Å3
190 parameters
Special details top

Experimental. Numerical integration absorption corrections based on indexed crystal faces were applied using the XPREP routine (Bruker, 2004).

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.09548 (5)0.7538 (2)0.57965 (7)0.0286 (3)
C20.10973 (5)0.5561 (2)0.54679 (7)0.0333 (3)
H2A0.08140.45690.53080.04*
C30.20066 (6)0.6353 (3)0.55968 (8)0.0417 (4)
H30.23730.59460.55260.05*
C40.19060 (6)0.8346 (3)0.59354 (8)0.0430 (4)
H40.21980.9290.610.052*
C50.13726 (6)0.8956 (2)0.60321 (7)0.0366 (3)
H50.12931.03370.62590.044*
C60.03667 (5)0.8124 (2)0.58837 (7)0.0307 (3)
H6A0.03120.97230.57770.037*
H6B0.01360.72750.55130.037*
C70.00897 (5)0.91990 (19)0.71280 (7)0.0261 (3)
C80.01001 (5)1.16213 (19)0.71131 (7)0.0293 (3)
N10.02002 (4)0.76350 (17)0.66414 (6)0.0298 (3)
H10.0195 (6)0.616 (3)0.6757 (8)0.041 (4)*
N20.16108 (5)0.49629 (19)0.53623 (6)0.0384 (3)
O10.02247 (4)1.30418 (13)0.66529 (5)0.0373 (3)
C90.14385 (5)0.1060 (2)0.36020 (7)0.0350 (3)
C100.18500 (6)0.0836 (2)0.31016 (8)0.0423 (4)
H100.2080.04310.31280.051*
C110.19255 (7)0.2448 (3)0.25655 (9)0.0513 (4)
H110.22010.22730.22170.062*
C120.16006 (8)0.4312 (3)0.25359 (9)0.0573 (5)
H120.16570.5430.21720.069*
C130.11934 (8)0.4557 (3)0.30324 (10)0.0559 (5)
H130.09720.58480.30130.067*
C140.11075 (6)0.2923 (3)0.35590 (8)0.0452 (4)
H140.08210.30780.38920.054*
C150.13450 (6)0.0665 (2)0.41783 (8)0.0374 (4)
O20.17883 (4)0.18069 (17)0.43789 (6)0.0443 (3)
H20.1708 (7)0.309 (3)0.4774 (11)0.080 (6)*
O30.09068 (4)0.09691 (18)0.44435 (6)0.0484 (3)
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.0315 (7)0.0303 (7)0.0247 (6)0.0022 (5)0.0069 (5)0.0042 (5)
C20.0308 (7)0.0342 (7)0.0355 (7)0.0025 (6)0.0083 (6)0.0004 (5)
C30.0282 (8)0.0576 (9)0.0400 (8)0.0050 (7)0.0092 (6)0.0049 (7)
C40.0339 (8)0.0501 (9)0.0452 (8)0.0078 (7)0.0033 (6)0.0024 (7)
C50.0401 (8)0.0324 (7)0.0376 (8)0.0007 (6)0.0065 (6)0.0003 (6)
C60.0320 (7)0.0289 (7)0.0319 (7)0.0048 (5)0.0081 (5)0.0008 (5)
C70.0227 (6)0.0211 (6)0.0353 (7)0.0006 (5)0.0073 (5)0.0000 (5)
C80.0282 (7)0.0219 (6)0.0384 (7)0.0012 (5)0.0084 (5)0.0004 (5)
N10.0355 (6)0.0203 (6)0.0348 (6)0.0017 (5)0.0130 (5)0.0013 (4)
N20.0335 (7)0.0443 (7)0.0384 (7)0.0092 (5)0.0103 (5)0.0012 (5)
O10.0468 (6)0.0225 (5)0.0440 (5)0.0014 (4)0.0159 (4)0.0046 (4)
C90.0308 (7)0.0419 (8)0.0324 (7)0.0077 (6)0.0018 (6)0.0064 (6)
C100.0372 (8)0.0459 (8)0.0445 (9)0.0044 (6)0.0093 (7)0.0008 (6)
C110.0507 (10)0.0624 (11)0.0417 (9)0.0148 (8)0.0099 (7)0.0028 (8)
C120.0702 (12)0.0560 (11)0.0441 (9)0.0146 (9)0.0110 (9)0.0100 (7)
C130.0640 (12)0.0507 (10)0.0510 (10)0.0084 (8)0.0155 (9)0.0003 (8)
C140.0393 (9)0.0593 (10)0.0367 (8)0.0032 (7)0.0025 (6)0.0077 (7)
C150.0310 (8)0.0460 (9)0.0356 (8)0.0100 (6)0.0066 (6)0.0074 (6)
O20.0331 (6)0.0490 (6)0.0518 (6)0.0063 (5)0.0112 (5)0.0115 (5)
O30.0322 (6)0.0669 (7)0.0472 (6)0.0120 (5)0.0133 (5)0.0027 (5)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
C1—C21.3816 (18)C8—C8i1.488 (3)
C1—C51.3849 (19)N1—H10.915 (16)
C1—C61.5061 (18)C9—C141.387 (2)
C2—N21.3374 (17)C9—C101.391 (2)
C2—H2A0.95C9—C151.487 (2)
C3—N21.3351 (19)C10—C111.382 (2)
C3—C41.373 (2)C10—H100.95
C3—H30.95C11—C121.378 (2)
C4—C51.383 (2)C11—H110.95
C4—H40.95C12—C131.380 (3)
C5—H50.95C12—H120.95
C6—N11.4612 (16)C13—C141.384 (2)
C6—H6A0.99C13—H130.95
C6—H6B0.99C14—H140.95
C7—N11.3187 (16)C15—O31.2146 (16)
C7—C7i1.419 (2)C15—O21.3231 (17)
C7—C81.4607 (17)O2—H21.07 (2)
C8—O11.2354 (15)
C2—C1—C5117.35 (12)C7—N1—C6122.71 (11)
C2—C1—C6120.89 (12)C7—N1—H1122.9 (9)
C5—C1—C6121.76 (12)C6—N1—H1114.3 (9)
N2—C2—C1123.74 (13)C3—N2—C2117.80 (12)
N2—C2—H2A118.1C14—C9—C10119.28 (14)
C1—C2—H2A118.1C14—C9—C15119.46 (13)
N2—C3—C4122.74 (13)C10—C9—C15121.26 (13)
N2—C3—H3118.6C11—C10—C9120.24 (15)
C4—C3—H3118.6C11—C10—H10119.9
C3—C4—C5118.83 (14)C9—C10—H10119.9
C3—C4—H4120.6C12—C11—C10120.03 (16)
C5—C4—H4120.6C12—C11—H11120
C4—C5—C1119.53 (13)C10—C11—H11120
C4—C5—H5120.2C11—C12—C13120.19 (15)
C1—C5—H5120.2C11—C12—H12119.9
N1—C6—C1111.52 (10)C13—C12—H12119.9
N1—C6—H6A109.3C12—C13—C14120.03 (16)
C1—C6—H6A109.3C12—C13—H13120
N1—C6—H6B109.3C14—C13—H13120
C1—C6—H6B109.3C13—C14—C9120.20 (16)
H6A—C6—H6B108C13—C14—H14119.9
N1—C7—C7i134.35 (7)C9—C14—H14119.9
N1—C7—C8134.30 (12)O3—C15—O2123.58 (13)
C7i—C7—C891.35 (7)O3—C15—C9123.19 (14)
O1—C8—C7135.25 (12)O2—C15—C9113.22 (12)
O1—C8—C8i136.11 (7)C15—O2—H2111.9 (10)
C7—C8—C8i88.64 (7)
C5—C1—C2—N20.52 (19)C4—C3—N2—C20.2 (2)
C6—C1—C2—N2178.76 (11)C1—C2—N2—C30.8 (2)
N2—C3—C4—C50.7 (2)C14—C9—C10—C110.3 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C10.9 (2)C15—C9—C10—C11179.30 (13)
C2—C1—C5—C40.35 (19)C9—C10—C11—C121.5 (2)
C6—C1—C5—C4179.62 (12)C10—C11—C12—C131.1 (2)
C2—C1—C6—N198.57 (14)C11—C12—C13—C140.5 (2)
C5—C1—C6—N182.19 (14)C12—C13—C14—C91.6 (2)
N1—C7—C8—O11.8 (3)C10—C9—C14—C131.2 (2)
C7i—C7—C8—O1178.55 (15)C15—C9—C14—C13179.17 (13)
N1—C7—C8—C8i178.45 (15)C14—C9—C15—O325.7 (2)
C7i—C7—C8—C8i1.20 (14)C10—C9—C15—O3153.96 (14)
C7i—C7—N1—C6178.04 (17)C14—C9—C15—O2153.46 (12)
C8—C7—N1—C61.5 (2)C10—C9—C15—O226.92 (18)
C1—C6—N1—C7110.22 (13)
Symmetry code: (i) x, y, z+3/2.
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1···O1ii0.915 (16)1.889 (17)2.7697 (15)161.0 (13)
O2—H2···N21.07 (2)1.57 (2)2.6380 (15)178.0 (17)
C2—H2A···O30.952.683.3341 (18)127
Symmetry code: (ii) x, y1, z.

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC16H14N4O2·2C7H6O2
Mr538.55
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, C2/c
Temperature (K)173
a, b, c (Å)24.617 (5), 6.0285 (12), 17.806 (4)
β (°) 93.08 (3)
V3)2638.6 (9)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)0.10
Crystal size (mm)0.49 × 0.16 × 0.14
Data collection
DiffractometerNonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
Absorption correctionIntegration
(XPREP; Bruker, 2004)
Tmin, Tmax0.944, 0.989
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
15016, 3166, 2110
Rint0.076
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.660
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.044, 0.116, 0.99
No. of reflections3166
No. of parameters190
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.23, 0.24

Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 2000), DENZO-SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1999), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1···O1i0.915 (16)1.889 (17)2.7697 (15)161.0 (13)
O2—H2···N21.07 (2)1.57 (2)2.6380 (15)178.0 (17)
C2—H2A···O30.952.683.3341 (18)127
Symmetry code: (i) x, y1, z.
 

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the University of the Witwatersrand, which is thanked for providing the infrastructure required to do this work.

References

First citationBrandenburg, K. (1999). DIAMOND. Crystal Impact GbR, Bonn, Germany.  Google Scholar
First citationBruker (2004). XPREP. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.  Google Scholar
First citationFarrugia, L. J. (1997). J. Appl. Cryst. 30, 565.  CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
First citationFarrugia, L. J. (1999). J. Appl. Cryst. 32, 837–838.  CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
First citationLiu, Y., Lam, A. H. W., Fowler, F. W. & Lauher, J. W. (2002). Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 389, 39–46.  CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
First citationNonius (2000). COLLECT. Nonius BV, Delft, The Netherlands.  Google Scholar
First citationOtwinowski, Z. & Minor, W. (1997). Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 276, Macromolecular Crystallography, Part A, edited by C. W. Carter Jr & R. M. Sweet, pp. 307–326. New York: Academic Press.  Google Scholar
First citationSheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
First citationSpek, A. L. (2009). Acta Cryst. D65, 148–155.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar

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