J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s1-s9  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806055579 ]

Contribution of synchrotron radiation to small-angle X-ray scattering studies in hard condensed matter

J.-P. Simon

Synopsis: Synchrotron radiation, by virtue of its special beam characteristics, has revived interest in small-angle X-ray scattering for hard condensed matter and materials science. New techniques have been developed and new scientific themes tackled, ranging from metallurgy to nanotechnology.

Online 20 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s10-s17  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001409 ]

Small-angle scattering studies of macromolecular solutions

D. I. Svergun

Synopsis: Advanced methods for the analysis of small-angle scattering data from solutions of biological macromolecules are reviewed.

Online 7 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s18-s22  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807007996 ]

Structure and dynamics of thin polymer films using synchrotron X-ray scattering

Z. Jiang, H. Kim, H. Lee, Y. J. Lee, X. Jiao, C. Li, L. B. Lurio, X. Hu, J. Lal, S. Narayanan, A. Sandy, M. Rafailovich and S. K. Sinha

Synopsis: Synchrotron X-ray diffuse scattering and photon correlation spectroscopy in reflection geometry were used to measure the structure and dynamic properties at the surface, interface and in the interior of supported polymer films.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s23-s27  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003718 ]

Contrast variation in X-ray and neutron scattering

H. B. Stuhrmann

Synopsis: Methods of contrast variation in X-ray and neutron scattering are reviewed.

Online 7 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s28-s33  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806056093 ]

Polymer dynamics: from synthetic polymers to proteins

D. Richter

Synopsis: Neutron spin echo spectroscopy reveals the two main reptation limiting processes: constraint release and contour length fluctuation on a molecular scale. The first direct observations of domain dynamics in biopolymers are presented.

Online 26 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s34-s37  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009168 ]

Measurement of self-diffusion constant with two-dimensional X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy

A. Robert

Synopsis: Two-dimensional XPCS allows the dynamics of large wavectors in materials opaque to visible light to be probed. The self-diffusion constant of a colloidal dispersion is probed and compared with available models.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s38-s42  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003561 ]

Homodyne and heterodyne X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy: latex particles and elastomers

F. Livet, F. Bley, F. Ehrburger-Dolle, I. Morfin, E. Geissler and M. Sutton

Synopsis: Interferences are observed in coherent X-ray small-angle scattering between a static reference and a fluctuating sample. Heterodyning makes possible the observation of Doppler shifts with sample drift velocities in the nanometres per second range.

Online 24 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s43-s47  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806054707 ]

Complementary use of small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering studies for structure analysis and dynamics of polymer gels

M. Shibayama, T. Karino, Y. Domon and K. Ito

Synopsis: Small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering have been complementarily employed in order to investigate the structure and dynamics of polymer gels. It is demonstrated that complementary use is necessary to explore the dynamics of polymer gels, particularly that of slide-ring gels in which cross-links can slide along the backbone polymer chain.

Online 20 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s48-s51  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806048874 ]

Probing the flow-induced shish-kebab structure in entangled polyethylene melts by synchrotron X-ray scattering

J. K. Keum, F. Zuo and B. S. Hsiao

Synopsis: Flow-induced shish-kebab structure formation in ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/low-molecular-weight polyethylene blend melts was investigated by using synchrotron X-rays. The results confirmed that the formation of shish is due to the topological deformation of the UHMWPE entanglement network and the formation of shish can accelerate the kebab nucleation.

Online 2 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s52-s56  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806054823 ]

Behaviour of materials in magnetic fields studied by small-angle X-ray scattering

W. Bras

Synopsis: A short oversight of experiments where small-angle X-ray scattering was performed on samples which were kept in high magnetic fields is given. The samples are biological macromolecules, liquid crystals and crystalline materials.

Online 26 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s57-s61  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001410 ]

Reordering of magnetic colloid structures in external magnetic fields

A. Heinemann, A. Wiedenmann and M. Kammel

Synopsis: A polarized small-angle scattering experiment with a concentrated magnetic fluid is described confirming dipolar chains and domains of hexagonal arrangements.

Online 27 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s62-s67  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806047650 ]

Field-dependent relaxation behavior of Co-ferrofluid investigated with stroboscopic time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering

U. Keiderling and A. Wiedenmann

Synopsis: The decay of inter-particle order in Co-ferrofluid has been investigated for different inducing magnetic fields. Time constants have been calculated for the relaxation.

Online 19 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s68-s72  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807000441 ]

Effects of side-chain length on the magnetic response of discotic metallomesogens

J.-H. Lee, H.-S. Kim, B. D. Pate and S.-M. Choi

Synopsis: The magnetic responses of columnar discotic metallomesogens, cobalt octa(n-alkylthio)porphyrazine with different side-chain lengths (CoSx, where x is the peripheral n-alkyl chain length, x = 10, 12, 14), have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering. The magnetic field strength required for the alignment of the columnar phase increased with the side-chain length x.

Online 9 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s73-s77  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003445 ]

A combined small-angle scattering study of a chemical reaction at specific sites and reaction-induced self-assembly as a problem in open non-equilibrium phenomena

T. Hashimoto, H. Tanaka, S. Koizumi, K. Naka and Y. Chujo

Synopsis: As a problem in open non-equilibrium phenomena, small-angle scattering studies of a chemical reaction at specific sites and reaction-induced self-assembly of the system which is induced by mixing two stable solutions of palladium(II) acetate [Pd(OAc)₂] in N,N-dimethylformamide and the second-generation polyamidoamine dendrimer in methanol are presented.

Online 23 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s78-s82  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807006693 ]

Scanning X-ray imaging with small-angle scattering contrast

A. Gourrier, W. Wagermaier, M. Burghammer, D. Lammie, H. S. Gupta, P. Fratzl, C. Riekel, T. J. Wess and O. Paris

Synopsis: A scanning X-ray imaging technique using the integrated small-angle scattering (SAXS) intensity is presented. The origin of the SAXS contrast is discussed for three biological materials: bone, eggshell and hair.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s83-s87  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806051995 ]

Hierarchical bionanotubes formed by the self assembly of microtubules with cationic membranes or polypeptides

U. Raviv, D. J. Needleman, K. K. Ewert and C. R. Safinya

Synopsis: Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy data are presented for reconstituted protein systems from the bovine central nervous system, which reveal unexpected structures of hierarchical bionanotubes, not predicted by current electrostatic theories.

Online 10 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s88-s92  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807004153 ]

Simplified tube form factor for analysis of small-angle scattering data from carbon nanotube filled systems

R. S. Justice, D. H. Wang, L.-S. Tan and D. W. Schaefer

Synopsis: A simplified tube (hollow cylinder) form factor is developed and utilized to analyze ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering data obtained from multi-walled carbon nanotube/bismaleimide composite samples. The form factor is useful for distinguishing between hollow and solid cylinders as well for detecting the presence of aggregation of one-dimensional colloidal fillers in polymers.

Online 17 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s93-s96  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001549 ]

A visualized analysis of small-angle neutron scattering intensity: concentration fluctuation in alcohol-water mixtures

M. Misawa, T. Sato, A. Onozuka, K. Maruyama, K. Mori, S. Suzuki and T. Otomo

Synopsis: Visualized analysis of SANS from a tert-butyl alcohol-water mixture has revealed that the concentration fluctuation is characterized by polydisperse mass fractals.

Online 9 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s97-s100  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806053507 ]

Hierarchical structures formed by partially crystalline polymers in solution: from fundamentals to applications - a combined conventional, focusing and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering study

A. Radulescu, D. Schwahn, J. Stellbrink, E. Kentzinger, L. J. Fetters and D. Richter

Synopsis: Multilevel aggregates with characteristic sizes covering four orders of magnitude, from 1 nm to 10 µm, formed upon cooling decane solutions of poly(ethylene-butene) random copolymers and wax-containing mixed solutions are investigated by combining three small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques (conventional SANS, focusing SANS and ultra-SANS) with microscopy.

Online 2 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s101-s105  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807011727 ]

Hierarchical structure of niobate nanosheets in aqueous solution

D. Yamaguchi, N. Miyamoto, S. Koizumi, T. Nakato and T. Hashimoto

Synopsis: The hierarchical structure of an aqueous dispersion of niobate nanosheets was investigated by (ultra-)small-angle scattering methods.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s106-s110  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806052149 ]

Creating local contrast in small-angle neutron scattering by dynamic nuclear polarization

B. van den Brandt, H. Glättli, P. Hautle, J. Kohlbrecher, J. A. Konter, A. Michels, H. B. Stuhrmann and O. Zimmer

Synopsis: Dynamic nuclear polarization and its application to small-angle neutron scattering are discussed.

Online 3 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s111-s115  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005249 ]

Spin-echo small-angle neutron scattering study of the domain structure of an Ni layer on a Cu substrate

S. V. Grigoriev, Y. O. Chetverikov, V. N. Zabenkin, W. H. Kraan, M. T. Rekveldt and N. van Dijk

Synopsis: Spin-echo small-angle neutron scattering is used to study the magnetic domain structure of an Ni layer on a Cu substrate. The experiments demonstrate the possibilities of this novel technique.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s116-s120  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001859 ]

Small-angle neutron scattering from extended defects in diamonds

A. A. Shiryaev

Synopsis: It is shown that natural and synthetic diamonds contain planar and three-dimensional defects, observable by small-angle neutron scattering. These defects appear after annealing and/or deformation of the diamonds.

Online 27 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s121-s125  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807000064 ]

Core structure of latent heavy-ion tracks in {100} LiF derived by small-angle X-ray scattering

S. Abu Saleh and Y. Eyal

Synopsis: Small-angle X-ray scattering analyses on {100} LiF platelets following irradiation with swift Pb and U ions have revealed continuous highly depleted electron densities close to the ion trajectories, suggesting local ion-induced decomposition of the crystal followed by release of mobile alteration products.

Online 27 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s126-s131  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005493 ]

Contribution of small-angle X-ray scattering to microstructural investigation of newly developed Mg-rare earth alloys for structural applications

C. Antion, F. Bley, P. Donnadieu, A. Deschamps, A. Pisch, J.-J. Blandin and C. Tassin-Arques

Synopsis: New magnesium-rare earth alloys, strengthened by a dense fine scale precipitation, have been designed for structural applications up to 523 K. A complementary study using small-angle X-ray scattering is presented here.

Online 2 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s132-s137  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807002609 ]

Two-dimensional small-angle X-ray scattering from as-grown and heat-treated synthetic quartz

P. L. Guzzo, A. H. Shinohara, A. E. F. Santos, S. S. Funari and S. Daito

Synopsis: The contribution of molecular water aggregates in the small-angle X-ray scattering of quartz crystals was investigated as a function of the azimuth angle around the primary beam. The presence of Kossel lines randomly decorating the anisotropic two-dimensional pattern and the lack of a clear relationship between Porod invariant and OH content revealed that diffuse scattering plays an important role in the scattering of quartz crystal.

Online 3 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s138-s141  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003524 ]

Precursory microstructures in Zr-Cu-Al-Ni bulk metallic glasses examined by anomalous small-angle scattering at the Zr K edge

H. Okuda, I. Murase, S. Ochiai, J. Saida, Y. Yokoyama and K. Inoue

Synopsis: Microstructures in Zr-Cu-Al-Ni bulk metallic glasses consisting only of metallic elements have been examined by anomalous small-angle scattering at the Zr K edge. The cluster-like scattering was analysed in terms of composition fluctuation.

Online 17 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s142-s146  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005110 ]

Microstructural investigation of low-dose neutron irradiation effects in martensitic steels for nuclear application by means of small-angle neutron scattering

R. Coppola, R. Lindau, R. P. May, A. Möslang and M. Valli

Synopsis: The microstructural effect of low-dose neutron irradiation in ferritic/martensitic steels has been investigated by means of small-angle neutron scattering: depending on the initial steel composition different microstructural evolutions are observed during post-irradiation tempering.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s147-s152  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806048382 ]

Structure of nanoporous zirconia-based powders synthesized by different gel-combustion routes

J. R. Casanova, I. O. Fábregas, D. G. Lamas, N. E. Walsöe de Reca, G. E. Lascalea, R. Kempf, A. F. Craievich and C. V. Santilli

Synopsis: ZrO₂-2.8 mol% Y₂O₃ powders synthesized by the gel-combustion route were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering and other techniques. The nanoporous structures of these materials were characterized as functions of the nature of the organic fuel and of the calcination temperature.

Online 12 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s153-s158  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005936 ]

Modelling of bacteriophage capsids and free nucleic acids

P. Zipper and H. Durchschlag

Synopsis: SAXS-based ab initio modelling of the capsids of isometric bacteriophages allows the solution structure of the constituent hollow spheres to be reconstructed reliably. For the shape of their free nucleic acid, however, other advanced modelling approaches are to be preferred.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s159-s164  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806045729 ]

Permeability of water through a raft model membrane clarified by time-resolved SANS and SAXS

M. Hirai, T. Onai, M. Koizumi, H. Hirai, K. Kasahara, N. Suzuki, K. Yuyama and K. Inoue

Synopsis: By the complimentary use of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering techniques, the permeability of water across a raft model membrane containing ganglioside (G_D3) and the effect of monovalent cations (Na⁺ and K⁺) on the permeability have been investigated. The structures of G_D3 micelle and G_D3/cholesterol mixtures are also discussed.

Online 2 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s165-s169  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001835 ]

Charge interaction and temperature effects on the solution structure of lysozyme as revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering

Y.-S. Huang, U.-S. Jeng, Y.-J. Shiu, Y.-H. Lai and Y.-S. Sun

Synopsis: Charge interaction and temperature effects on the solution structure of lysozyme are studied by small-angle X-ray scattering.

Online 10 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s170-s174  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807010229 ]

Solution structure of Ca²⁺/calmodulin complexed with a lentivirus lytic peptide 1 reveals a novel mode of molecular recognition

Y. Izumi, A. Amano, T. Saito and Y. Jinbo

Synopsis: The solution structure of Ca²⁺/calmodulin complexed with a lentivirus lytic peptide 1 reveals a novel mode of molecular recognition. The result suggests that this region of the transmembrane glycoprotein is important to viral replication.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s175-s178  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003354 ]

Collapse of the hydration shell of a protein prior to thermal unfolding

M. Koizumi, H. Hirai, T. Onai, K. Inoue and M. Hirai

Synopsis: The change of the hydration shell of hen egg-white lysozyme during the unfolding-refolding process as a function temperature has been analysed. The decrease of the hydration-shell density starts from a lower temperature than the transition temperature of the collapse of the tertiary structure.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s179-s183  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807002117 ]

Binding of trifluoperazine to apocalmodulin revealed by a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance

N. Matsushima, N. Hayashi, N. Watanabe, Y. Jinbo and Y. Izumi

Synopsis: Small-angle X-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance studies were performed to investigate the binding of trifluoperazine to Ca²⁺-free calmodulin with N- and C-terminal globular domains connected by a linker.

Online 17 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s184-s189  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009211 ]

Initial process of amyloid formation of apomyoglobin and effect of glycosphingolipid G_M1

T. Onai, M. Koizumi, H. Lu, K. Inoue and M. Hirai

Synopsis: Using small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques it has been possible to clarify the helix-to-sheet (cross-) transition and the stacking process of the cross- sheet of apomyoglobin as a model for amyloid.

Online 1 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s190-s194  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806055506 ]

Upgrade of the small-angle X-ray scattering beamline X33 at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg

M. W. Roessle, R. Klaering, U. Ristau, B. Robrahn, D. Jahn, T. Gehrmann, P. Konarev, A. Round, S. Fiedler, C. Hermes and D. Svergun

Synopsis: A major upgrade of the X33 beamline at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory which has improved the beamline stability and data quality, shortened the measurement time and ensured user-friendly operation is reported.

Online 26 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s195-s199  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807003597 ]

A modified Ising model for the thermodynamic properties of local and global protein folding-unfolding observed by circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray scattering

Y.-J. Shiu, U.-S. Jeng, C. Su, Y.-S. Huang, M. Hayashi, K.-K. Liang, Y.-L. Yeh and S.-H. Lin

Synopsis: The application of a modified Ising model for the thermodynamic properties of local and global protein folding-unfolding is described.

Online 17 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s200-s204  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807006838 ]

Shape of -crystallin analyzed by small-angle neutron scattering

M. Sugiyama, N. Fujii, Y. Morimoto, T. Otomo, S. Takata, M. Misawa, M. Annaka, K. Itoh, K. Mori, T. Sato, S. Kurabayashi and T. Fukunaga

Synopsis: The size and shape of aggregates of human recombinant> A- and B-crystallins are investigated with small-angle neutron scattering and dynamic light scattering at 310 K and 288 K. The aggregates of B-crystallin are stable at both temperatures but those of A-crystallin are deformed at the lower temperature (288 K).

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s205-s208  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001987 ]

Localization of dihalogenated phenols in vesicle systems determined by contrast variation X-ray scattering

Z. Varga, A. Bóta and G. Goerigk

Synopsis: Using contrast variation by means of isomorphous replacement, the localization of dihalogenated phenols in multilamellar vesicles was determined, and was compared with the results of anomalous small-angle scattering.

Online 7 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s209-s212  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009247 ]

Small-angle light and X-ray scattering measurements of a protein-oligosaccharide complex mucin in solution

Y. Watanabe and Y. Inoko

Synopsis: The molecular assembly and chain conformation of a glycoprotein mucin are characterized by using small-angle scattering methods.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s213-s216  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807008278 ]

Chloride-ion concentration dependence of molecular dimension in the acid-denatured state of equine -lactoglobulin

Y. Yamada, T. Yajima, S. Tsukamoto, K. Nakagawa, K. Fujiwara, H. Kihara and M. Ikeguchi

Synopsis: The chloride-ion concentration dependence of the molecular shape in the acid-denatured state of equine -lactoglobulin was observed by small-angle X-ray scattering. The results indicated that the compact molten globule is transformed to an expanded conformation with decreasing chloride-ion concentration. Interestingly, this change accompanied the increase in the helix content as measured by circular dichroic spectra.

Online 1 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s217-s222  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005821 ]

Biological solution scattering: recent achievements and future challenges

J. G. Grossmann

Synopsis: Solution X-ray and neutron scattering methods are briefly reviewed in view of their appeal and recent progress in data-analysis procedures. Specific examples are discussed highlighting the potential of the techniques and their future developments and applications to structural investigations in the post-genomics era.

Online 3 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s223-s228  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807002853 ]

ATSAS 2.1 - towards automated and web-supported small-angle scattering data analysis

M. V. Petoukhov, P. V. Konarev, A. G. Kikhney and D. I. Svergun

Synopsis: New features of the small-angle scattering data analysis package ATSAS 2.1 that allow automated data processing and web-based access are described.

Online 1 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s229-s234  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001707 ]

Low-resolution models for nucleic acids from small-angle X-ray scattering with applications to electrostatic modeling

J. Lipfert, V. B. Chu, Y. Bai, D. Herschlag and S. Doniach

Synopsis: It is shown that bead reconstruction algorithms can be used to obtain low-resolution three-dimensional density maps for nucleic acids from SAXS data. In addition, it is shown that the reconstructed bead models can be used to define the molecular geometry in Poisson-Boltzmann calculations to accurately determine the excess number of ions bound under different solution conditions.

Online 9 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s235-s239  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005791 ]

Analysis of small-angle X-ray scattering data of protein-detergent complexes by singular value decomposition

J. Lipfert, L. Columbus, V. B. Chu and S. Doniach

Synopsis: We present a method to separate the protein-detergent complex scattering signal from that of `empty' detergent micelles in small-angle X-ray scattering data of protein-detergent mixtures. The approach relies on singular value decomposition and fitting to data collected at different protein-detergent stoichiometries.

Online 3 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s240-s244  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807006218 ]

Microstructure of ternary system di-lauroyl-phosphatidyl-adenosine/water/cyclohexane

F. Betti, F. Baldelli Bombelli, D. Berti, M. Bonini, A. Brandt and P. Baglioni

Synopsis: Microstructural characterization of 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidyl-adenosine micellar solutions upon cyclohexane addition by SANS experiments with internal contrast variation.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s245-s249  [ doi:10.1107/S002188980700252X ]

Accuracy of molecular mass determination of proteins in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering

E. Mylonas and D. I. Svergun

Synopsis: A systematic evaluation of the accuracy of molecular mass determination of proteins using small-angle X-ray scattering.

Online 17 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s250-s253  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009016 ]

The dynamic behavior of magnetic colloids in suspension

T. Autenrieth, A. Robert, J. Wagner and G. Grübel

Synopsis: The short-time diffusion of a magnetic charge-stabilized colloidal suspension in the absence of an external applied magnetic field has been investigated by means of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s254-s258  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009600 ]

Study of ferrite ferrofluids by small-angle scattering of polarized neutrons

M. Bonini, A. Wiedenmann and P. Baglioni

Synopsis: This work reports the synthesis and the characterization by small-angle scattering of polarized neutrons of ferrofluids consisting of ferrite nanoparticles coated by dodecanoic acid and dispersed in cyclohexane.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s259-s263  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807018882 ]

Vesicles as reactors of nanoparticles: an anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering study of the domains rich in copper ions

A. Bóta, Z. Varga and G. Goerigk

Synopsis: The gaps among the stacks of multilamellar vesicles used for the synthesis of nanoparticles are shown and characterized by ASAXS and freeze-fracture methods.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s264-s268  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807017888 ]

Salt-concentration dependence of the structure and form factors for the wormlike micelle made from a dual surfactant in aqueous solutions

K. Eguchi, I. Kaneda, Y. Hiwatari, H. Masunaga and K. Sakurai

Synopsis: The small-angle X-ray scattering from dual-surfactant aqueous solutions made from sodium lauryl ether sulfate and coconut fatty acid amido propyl betaine was systematically measured as a function of the net sodium cation concentration and the surfactant concentration. The low-q behaviour of the form factor was consistent with long rigid cylinders while the middle- and high-q profiles fitted well with a core-shell cylinder model.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s269-s273  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807009181 ]

Small-angle X-ray and small-angle neutron scattering investigations of colloidal dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles and clay nanoplatelets

F. L. O. Paula, R. Aquino, G. J. da Silva, J. Depeyrot, F. A. Tourinho, J. O. Fossum and K. D. Knudsen

Synopsis: Mixed colloidal dispersions of clay platelets and magnetic nanoparticles were investigated using small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering. The main contribution to the scattering is due to the magnetic nanoparticles. The scattering intensities are proportional to the concentration of magnetic particles, thus from the scattering point of view the sample is a colloidal dispersion of non-interacting magnetic objects, although the laponite and magnetic particles clearly interact when the sample textures are observed in an optical microscope. The phase separation may be characterized as a liquid-gas transition.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s274-s278  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807008151 ]

Effect of cations on the structure of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate water-in-oil microemulsion

R. Kawai-Hirai and M. Hirai

Synopsis: The structure and oligomerization of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate water-in-oil microemulsion under the presence of monovalent and divalent salts in the water pool are dominated not only by the electrostatic effect between polar headgroups but also by the hydration effect by salts.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s279-s282  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807011958 ]

X-ray studies of the self-organized structure formed by 1,2-bis(4'-n-alkoxybenzoyl)hydrazine (BABH-n) homologues. 1. Ia3d-gyroid structure

S. Kutsumizu, H. Mori, M. Fukatami and K. Saito

Synopsis: Examination of the relative intensity of the X-ray 220 reflection with respect to the 211 reference peak as a function of the alkoxy chain length of the title compounds enables the internal structure of the thermotropic Ia3d cubic phase to be clarified.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s283-s285  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807017852 ]

X-ray fluorescence correlation spectroscopy - a tool to study element-specific dynamics

O. Leupold, G. Grübel, S. V. Roth, C. Schroer, W. Roseker, M. Sikorski and A. Robert

Synopsis: The dynamics of Au nanoparticles suspended in mixtures of water and glycerol are investigated by X-ray fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The contrast of the measured time-correlation functions scales as expected with the Au particle concentration. The time constants for translational diffusion and sedimentation in water/glycerol show only qualitative agreement with the expected values.

Online 21 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s286-s291  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807008552 ]

Mesoscopic structure of dry-pressed clay samples from small-angle X-ray scattering measurements

Y. Méheust, S. Dagois-Bohy, K. D. Knudsen and J. O. Fossum

Synopsis: Small-angle X-ray scattering is used to investigate the meso-structure of dry-pressed samples of nano-layered platelet-shaped clay particles, as water is absorbed into individual particles. The orientational order of the assembly is nematic. Orientation distributions are monitored and show a moderate decrease of this order with water uptake.

Online 20 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s292-s296  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807010825 ]

Phase behavior of platelet-shaped nanosilicate colloids in saline solutions - a small-angle X-ray scattering study

D. M. Fonseca, Y. Méheust, J. O. Fossum, K. D. Knudsen, K. J. Måløy and K. P. S. Parmar

Synopsis: Precise characterization of the phase diagram for suspensions of sodium fluorohectorite colloids in saline solutions is achieved from small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. Radial intensity profiles are also addressed.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s297-s302  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806055191 ]

Structural models of metastable phases occurring during the crystallization process of saturated/unsaturated triacylglycerols

O. O. Mykhaylyk, K. W. Smith, C. M. Martin and A. J. Ryan

Synopsis: Structural models are developed for the metastable phases of saturated/unsaturated triacylglycerols appearing at the very beginning of crystallization from the melt based on experimental time-resolved SAXS/WAXS studies of isothermal crystallization in various fats.

Online 20 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s303-s306  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807010345 ]

Repulsive interlamellar interaction induced by addition of colloidal particles

Y. Suganuma, M. Imai and K. Nakaya

Synopsis: The addition of colloidal particles between lamellar membrane slits induced a repulsive interlamellar interaction which showed a unique interlamellar distance dependence.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s307-s311  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001483 ]

Small-angle neutron scattering study of aqueous solutions of pentanediol and hexanediol

N. K. Székely, L. Almásy, A. Radulescu and L. Rosta

Synopsis: Aqueous solutions of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,6-hexanediol have been studied by small-angle neutron scattering, and the results analysed with the help of the Kirkwood-Buff formalism. The 1,2-hexanediol solutions exhibit the strongest attractive diol-diol interaction and the excess coordination numbers are in agreement with the possibility of forming micelles.

Online 3 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s312-s317  [ doi:10.1107/S002188980700859X ]

Structural characterization of N-lignoceroyl (C24:0) sphingomyelin bilayer membranes: a re-evaluation

H. Takahashi, T. Hayakawa, Y. Kawasaki, K. Ito, T. Fujisawa, M. Kodama and T. Kobayashi

Synopsis: Sphingomyelin is one of the major sphingolipid components of many animal plasma membranes. SAXS and XRD studies revealed that N-lignocerol (C24:0) sphingomyelin bilayers have a ripple phase and an additional low-temperature stable phase.

Online 1 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s318-s320  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807008138 ]

Small-angle X-ray scattering investigation of water droplets in mist

Y. F. Yano, K. Matsuura, T. Fukazu, F. Abe, A. Wakisaka, H. Kobara, K. Kaneko, A. Kumagai, Y. Katsuya, M. Okui and M. Tanaka

Synopsis: Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements of water droplets in a mist were carried out using the BL15XU beamline at SPring-8.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s321-s326  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807006723 ]

The two-Yukawa model and its applications: the cases of charged proteins and copolymer micellar solutions

S.-H. Chen, M. Broccio, Y. Liu, E. Fratini and P. Baglioni

Synopsis: An analytical model for the structure factor, based on an effective interaction potential made of an attractive Yukawa term plus a repulsive Yukawa term, has been applied to charged proteins and copolymer micellar solutions.

Online 6 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s327-s331  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005201 ]

Unraveling the equilibrium chain exchange kinetics of polymeric micelles using small-angle neutron scattering - architectural and topological effects

R. Lund, L. Willner, D. Richter, H. Iatrou, N. Hadjichristidis and P. Lindner

Synopsis: Using time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering it is possible to extract the equilibrium exchange kinetics of polymeric micelles. This paper provides insight into the effect of topological constraints on the expulsion time by comparing results from A-B diblock and A-B-A triblock copolymer micelles.

Online 3 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s332-s334  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807013568 ]

Shear-induced structural transition in the lamellar phase of the C₁₆E₇/D₂O system. Time evolution of small-angle neutron scattering at a constant shear rate

K. Miyazaki, Y. Kosaka, Y. Kawabata, S. Komura and T. Kato

Synopsis: The time evolution of the small-angle scattering of the lamellar phase of a nonionic surfactant C₁₆H₃₃(OC₂H₄)₇OH (C₁₆E₇) in D₂O at a constant shear rate (0.3-30 s^-1) is measured. The results indicate a discontinuous decrease in the repeat distance and so suggest some sort of transition.

Online 14 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s335-s340  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807005523 ]

Small-angle fibre diffraction studies of corneal matrix structure: a depth-profiled investigation of the human eye-bank cornea

A. J. Quantock, C. Boote, R. D. Young, S. Hayes, H. Tanioka, S. Kawasaki, N. Ohta, T. Iida, N. Yagi, S. Kinoshita and K. M. Meek

Synopsis: The depth-profiled ultrastructure of the collagen fibrillar matrix in the swollen human eye-bank cornea was studied by microbeam small-angle X-ray scattering at a spatial resolution of 25 µm to provide information about collagen fibril diameter, spacing and orientation.

Online 3 March 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s341-s345  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806048369 ]

Large-scale and local-scale structures in polymer-blend films: a grazing-incidence ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering and sub-microbeam grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering investigation

P. Müller-Buschbaum, E. Bauer, E. Maurer, S. V. Roth, R. Gehrke, M. Burghammer and C. Riekel

Synopsis: Large-scale structures in polymer-blend films are probed by grazing-incidence ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering. By using flow the structural complexity is increased and sub-microbeam grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering allows the local structure to be probed.

Online 2 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s346-s349  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807007716 ]

Structural changes in gradient colloidal thin gold films deposited from aqueous solution

S. V. Roth, P. Müller-Buschbaum, A. Timmann, J. Perlich and R. Gehrke

Synopsis: A gradient in a colloidal thin film prepared from solution is investigated using microbeam grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. A cross-over and oscillation between a complete layer and depleted regions are detected.

Online 1 April 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s350-s354  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806043755 ]

GISAXS study of cavities and {113} defects induced by neon and helium implantation in silicon

D. Babonneau, S. Peripolli, M.-F. Beaufort, J.-F. Barbot and J.-P. Simon

Synopsis: The morphology of nanocavities and {113} defects formed by implantation of neon and helium ions in Si(001) is investigated by means of grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering experiments.

Online 28 November 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s355-s360  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807001331 ]

Self-assembled films of hydrophobin protein HFBIII from Trichoderma reesei

K. Kisko, G. R. Szilvay, E. Vuorimaa, H. Lemmetyinen, M. B. Linder, M. Torkkeli and R. Serimaa

Synopsis: Self-assembled films of hydrophobin HFBIII from the fungus Trichoderma reesei were studied at an air/water interface and on a solid substrate using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and reflectivity.

Online 3 February 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s361-s362  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806056184 ]

Micellar structure of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) diblock copolymers

C. M. Papadakis, R. Ivanova, K. Lüdtke, K. Mortensen, P. K. Pranzas and R. Jordan

Synopsis: Poly[(n-nonyl-2-oxazoline)-b-(methyl-2-oxazoline)] diblock copolymers in aqueous solution form micelles of core-shell type. The core block is stretched, whereas the shell block is coiled.

Online 26 January 2007

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s363-s366  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889806053180 ]

Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering study of porous dielectrics used in advanced microelectronic interconnections

J.-P. Simon, V. Jousseaume and G. Rolland

Synopsis: The nano-structure of porous ultra-low-k dielectrics, grown using four different processes, is studied by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. It is shown that the pore morphology can be either well defined percolated isotropic pores or anisotropic density fluctuations.

Online 19 December 2006

 

J. Appl. Cryst. (2007). 40, s367-s372  [ doi:10.1107/S0021889807008199 ]

Time-resolved grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering studies of lipid multibilayers with the insertion of amyloid peptide during the swelling process

J.-M. Lin, T.-L. Lin and U.-S. Jeng

Synopsis: The structural transition of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) multibilayers with the insertion of amyloid peptide 1-40 was studied by grazing-incidence small-angle X-r