Figure 1
The substrate transition state concept (Kiso, 1996; Kiso et al., 1999). (a) Substrate transition state of amide hydrolysis by HIV protease. A water molecule is added to the carbonyl carbon of a substrate activated by catalytic Asp residues of HIV protease. An intermediate takes a tetrahedral coordination for a brief time and then the C—N bond is broken. (b) Interaction between KNI-272 and HIV protease. Hydrogen bonds with catalytic Asp residues resemble those of the substrate transition state, but in this case the C—N bond is never broken. |