 | Acta Crystallographica Section D Acta Crystallographica Section D BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY |
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![[Figure 4]](be5118fig4mag.jpg)
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Figure 4
Orientation of SMR proteins in the membrane and experimental evidence for antiparallel dimers by mutagenesis. (a) EmrE is proposed to be an antiparallel homodimer in the membrane. Mutagenesis of positively charged residues (black circles) resulted in two genes expressing EmrE mutants with defined topology, either Cin or Cout. Neither monomer was active on its own, but co-expression resulted in functionality (Rapp et al., 2007a  ). (b) EbrAB is a heterodimer that is only functional when both genes are expressed. Mutagenesis of EbrA to equalize the positively charged residues (black circles) on both faces of the membrane resulted in a functional homodimer (Kikukawa et al., 2006). |
![[Figure 4]](be5118fig4.jpg)
| BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY |
ISSN: 1399-0047
