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![[Figure 3]](gm5106fig3mag.jpg)
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Figure 3
High-throughput compatibility of various sample-delivery methods for SSX/SFX compared with rotational macromolecular crystallography (MX) and how these scale with detector developments towards higher frame rates. The assumptions made were that 10 000 indexed frames are required for an SSX/SFX data set and that 1800 images need to be recorded for a data set from rotational MX. Furthermore, based on the literature (Bosman et al., 2024  ; Zielinski et al., 2022), we assumed a 100% indexing rate (indexable images per recorded images) for fixed-target sample delivery and tape drive/microfluidics. For liquid jets indexing rates of greater than 80% have been reported (Williamson et al., 2023), but showing two cases, based on either a 10% or 50% indexing rate, seemed to be more realistic for most experiments. For rotational MX and fixed targets, we assumed the time it takes a robotic arm to exchange the sample to be 20 s. In the case of rotational MX we factored in another 10 s for crystal centring for each data set. For the tape drive/microfluidics we assumed 2 h downtime per day for the exchange of sample/tape/microfluidics. For all jets and tape drive/microfluidics in the 100 kHz detector case, we assumed 6 h of downtime per day. The number of data sets per day is plotted on a logarithmic scale. As can be seen, multi-compartment fixed targets and high-indexing jets are excellent in terms of high-throughput capability up to a 10 kHz frame rate. Single-compartment fixed-target chips and rotational MX are already not now competitive when detectors that are already available, such as JUNGFRAU or PILATUS4, are being used. Note that for SSX/SFX experiments further developments are required in order to unlock the full potential in terms of high-throughput capability. (Created with BioRender.com.) |
![[Figure 3]](gm5106fig3.jpg)
 | STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY |
ISSN: 2059-7983
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