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Figure 4
Cytoplasmic gating salt-bridge network. (a) Outward-facing α-NPG-bound conformation (PDB entry 9olp). The α-NPG molecule is colored yellow. (b) Inward-facing Na+-bound conformation (PDB entry 8t60). Na+ is colored as a blue sphere. Upper row: side view with the cytoplasmic side at the top. The membrane sidedness is labeled. Middle row: a cross-section of the surface representations of both structures from the upper row. The substrate-translocation inner barrier in the outward-facing structure and the outer barrier in the inward-facing structure are indicated, respectively. Lower row: cytoplasmic view. The residues in both the sugar- and cation-binding pockets in the middle of the protein and the cytoplasmic gating salt-bridge network from the N- and C-terminal domains are colored gray and cyan, respectively, and labeled in black and blue, respectively. Dashed lines indicate either interaction between sugar and protein or salt-bridge interactions.

Journal logoSTRUCTURAL
BIOLOGY
ISSN: 2059-7983
Volume 82| Part 9| September 2026| Pages 1030-1043
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2059798326007485