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The theory of X-ray diffraction in mosaic crystals is modified to include the Borrmann effect. The equations show that the Borrmann effect becomes important for strong reflections in type II mosaic crystals if the domain size is of the order of 10−4 cm or larger and μ0 ≥ 1. Under these circumstances the integrated intensity may be enhanced by as much as a factor of two with a corresponding apparent decrease in the extinction effect.