In the title compound, {[Cu(C
10H
8N
4)
3(H
2O)
2](ClO
4)
2}
n, the coordination environment of the cationic Cu
II atom is distorted octahedral, formed by pairs of symmetry-equivalent 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene ligands, bridging 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene ligands and two non-equivalent water molecules. The 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene molecules form polymeric chains parallel to [-101]
via azo bonds which are situated about inversion centres. Since the Cu
II atom is situated on a twofold rotation axis, the monomeric unit has point symmetry 2. The perchlorate anions are disordered in a 0.536 (9):0.464 (9) ratio and are acceptors of water H atoms in medium–strong O—H

O hydrogen bonds with graph set
R44(12). The water molecules, which are coordinated to the Cu
II atom and are hydrogen-bonded to the perchlorate anions, form columns parallel to [010]. A π–π interaction [centroid–centroid distance = 3.913 (2) Å] occurs between pyridine rings, and weak C—H

O interactions also occur.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 954374
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 293 K
- Mean
(C-C) = 0.004 Å
- Disorder in solvent or counterion
- R factor = 0.043
- wR factor = 0.106
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 10.0
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Datablock: I
Alert level A
PLAT927_ALERT_1_A Reported and Calculated wR2 Differ by ......... -0.1336
| Author Response: The structure was refined by JANA2006 which uses a different
weighting scheme.
|
PLAT928_ALERT_1_A Reported and Calculated S value Differ by . -3.362
| Author Response: The structure was refined by JANA2006 which uses a different
weighting scheme.
|
Alert level B
PLAT230_ALERT_2_B Hirshfeld Test Diff for N3 -- C7 .. 8.0 su
PLAT230_ALERT_2_B Hirshfeld Test Diff for N6 -- C15 .. 20.0 su
PLAT230_ALERT_2_B Hirshfeld Test Diff for C2 -- C15 .. 8.5 su
PLAT234_ALERT_4_B Large Hirshfeld Difference Cl -- O4B .. 0.28 Ang.
PLAT926_ALERT_1_B Reported and Calculated R1 Differ by ......... -0.0250
PLAT934_ALERT_3_B Number of (Iobs-Icalc)/SigmaW .gt. 10 Outliers . 15
Alert level C
GOODF01_ALERT_2_C The least squares goodness of fit parameter lies
outside the range 0.80 <> 2.00
Goodness of fit given = 2.670
PLAT230_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff for N4 -- C10 .. 6.0 su
PLAT230_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff for C3 -- C15 .. 5.5 su
PLAT234_ALERT_4_C Large Hirshfeld Difference Cl -- O1B .. 0.17 Ang.
PLAT234_ALERT_4_C Large Hirshfeld Difference Cl -- O3B .. 0.20 Ang.
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for Cu1
PLAT244_ALERT_4_C Low 'Solvent' Ueq as Compared to Neighbors of Cl
PLAT250_ALERT_2_C Large U3/U1 Ratio for Average U(i,j) Tensor .... 2.6
PLAT910_ALERT_3_C Missing # of FCF Reflections Below Th(Min) ..... 6
PLAT976_ALERT_2_C Negative Residual Density at 0.58A from N6 . -0.53 eA-3
Alert level G
PLAT004_ALERT_5_G Info: Polymeric Structure Found with Dimension . 1
PLAT042_ALERT_1_G Calc. and Reported MoietyFormula Strings Differ ?
PLAT199_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _cell_measurement_temperature 293 K
PLAT200_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _diffrn_ambient_temperature 293 K
PLAT231_ALERT_4_G Hirshfeld Test (Solvent) Cl -- O2A .. 6.9 su
PLAT302_ALERT_4_G Note: Anion/Solvent Disorder ................... 80 Perc.
PLAT720_ALERT_4_G Number of Unusual/Non-Standard Labels .......... 14
PLAT794_ALERT_5_G Note: Tentative Bond Valency for Cu1 (II) 2.10
PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints ....... 22
PLAT960_ALERT_3_G Number of Intensities with I .LT. - 2*sig(I) ... 10
2 ALERT level A = Most likely a serious problem - resolve or explain
6 ALERT level B = A potentially serious problem, consider carefully
10 ALERT level C = Check. Ensure it is not caused by an omission or oversight
10 ALERT level G = General information/check it is not something unexpected
6 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
9 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
4 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
7 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
2 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
Trans-4,4'-azobispiridine was prepared according to literature method (Brown &
Granneman, 1975). β-Cyclodextrin (1 mmol) was dissolved in 60 ml of
water,
trans-4,4'-azobispiridine (1 mmol) was added to this solution and the
mixture was heated kept at 40 °C for 5 h approximately while stirring. After
this time, the volume decreased to 44.0 ml. Then the solution was left to cool
down to room temperature without stirring. An aliquot of 4.2 ml of 0.049
M aqueous solution of Cu(ClO4).6H2O (corresponding to 0.21 mmol of
Cu(ClO4).6H2O) was slowly added without stirring to 22 ml of 0.0005
M β-cyclodextrin: trans-4,4'-azobispiridine water solution.
Adding of Cu(ClO4).6H2O was stopped when precipitation of a violet powder
appeared. Dark prismatic violet crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were
obtained letting the solution to stand for three weeks. The longest dimensions
of the obtained crystals varied between 0.2 - 0.5 mm. IR (KBr, cm-1): 3337
(m), 3099 (m), 1609 (m), 1589 (m), 1566 (w), 1413
(m), 1224 (w), 1098 (s), 845 (m), 622 (m), 571
(m), 624 (w).)
All the H atoms were discernible in the difference electron density map. The H
atoms attached to the aryl carbons have been treated in the riding atom
approximation with C—H =0.95 Å and
Uiso(Haryl)=1.2Ueq(Caryl). Since both water molecules
are situated on the crystallographic twofold axis only one symmetry
independent water hydrogen is pertinent to each oxygen. Each of these H atoms
have been restrained to the water O atoms by the distance restraint 0.860 (1) Å while Uiso(Hwater oxygen)=1.5Ueq(Owater oxygen).
The O atoms of the perchlorate turned out to be disordered. The perchorate O
atoms' electron density has been modelled by a split model in two positions
with the constrained occupation of each of them. (The occupational parameters
turned out to equal to 0.464 (9) and 0.536 (9).) The Cl—O distances were
restrained to 1.440 (1) Å. The angles O—Cl—O were restrained to
109.47 (1)°.
Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell refinement: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); data reduction: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: JANA2006 (Petříček et al., 2006); molecular graphics: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009)
and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2010).; software used to prepare material for publication: JANA2006 (Petříček et al., 2006)
and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
catena-Poly[[[diaquabis[1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene]copper(II)]-µ-1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene] bis(perchlorate)]
top
Crystal data top
[Cu(C10H8N4)3(H2O)2](ClO4)2 | F(000) = 1740 |
Mr = 851.29 | Dx = 1.541 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 10880 reflections |
a = 20.5028 (6) Å | θ = 3.1–26.3° |
b = 9.5882 (4) Å | µ = 0.81 mm−1 |
c = 18.7797 (6) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 96.629 (3)° | Prism, violet |
V = 3667.1 (2) Å3 | 0.38 × 0.37 × 0.29 mm |
Z = 4 | |
Data collection top
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur Gemini diffractometer | 3738 independent reflections |
Radiation source: X-ray tube | 2902 reflections with I > 3σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.026 |
ω scans | θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 3.1° |
Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009) and
Clark & Reid (1995)] | h = −25→25 |
Tmin = 0.951, Tmax = 0.965 | k = −11→11 |
27735 measured reflections | l = −23→23 |
Refinement top
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
wR(F2) = 0.106 | Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map |
S = 2.67 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
3738 reflections | Weighting scheme based on measured s.u.'s w = 1/(σ2(I) + 0.0004I2) |
373 parameters | (Δ/σ)max = 0.044 |
22 restraints | Δρmax = 0.76 e Å−3 |
57 constraints | Δρmin = −0.47 e Å−3 |
Crystal data top
[Cu(C10H8N4)3(H2O)2](ClO4)2 | V = 3667.1 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 851.29 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 20.5028 (6) Å | µ = 0.81 mm−1 |
b = 9.5882 (4) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 18.7797 (6) Å | 0.38 × 0.37 × 0.29 mm |
β = 96.629 (3)° | |
Data collection top
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur Gemini diffractometer | 3738 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009) and
Clark & Reid (1995)] | 2902 reflections with I > 3σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.951, Tmax = 0.965 | Rint = 0.026 |
27735 measured reflections | |
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | 22 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.106 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 2.67 | Δρmax = 0.76 e Å−3 |
3738 reflections | Δρmin = −0.47 e Å−3 |
373 parameters | |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) |
Cu1 | 0.5 | 0.24717 (4) | 0.75 | 0.03398 (14) | |
Cl | 0.54953 (8) | 0.75644 (13) | 0.60764 (6) | 0.0956 (5) | |
N2 | 0.56205 (9) | 0.25720 (18) | 0.67295 (10) | 0.0359 (6) | |
N1 | 0.57826 (9) | 0.24420 (19) | 0.82723 (10) | 0.0378 (6) | |
C15 | 0.68446 (12) | 0.2241 (3) | 0.93132 (15) | 0.0513 (9) | |
C1 | 0.58515 (12) | 0.3335 (3) | 0.88204 (12) | 0.0457 (8) | |
H1c1 | 0.553612 | 0.402415 | 0.884613 | 0.0548* | |
C2 | 0.63800 (13) | 0.3267 (3) | 0.93548 (13) | 0.0531 (9) | |
H1c2 | 0.641896 | 0.390084 | 0.973213 | 0.0637* | |
N3 | 0.67222 (12) | 0.3481 (3) | 0.50343 (13) | 0.0614 (9) | |
C5 | 0.55314 (11) | 0.1796 (3) | 0.61320 (12) | 0.0431 (8) | |
H1c5 | 0.521918 | 0.108841 | 0.610531 | 0.0517* | |
N6 | 0.74448 (13) | 0.2009 (3) | 0.98199 (13) | 0.0652 (10) | |
C6 | 0.58805 (13) | 0.1996 (3) | 0.55559 (14) | 0.0503 (9) | |
H1c6 | 0.580747 | 0.144085 | 0.514857 | 0.0604* | |
C9 | 0.60886 (11) | 0.3549 (3) | 0.67708 (13) | 0.0463 (9) | |
H1c9 | 0.61685 | 0.406885 | 0.718993 | 0.0556* | |
C4 | 0.62437 (11) | 0.1462 (3) | 0.82472 (13) | 0.0525 (9) | |
H1c4 | 0.620345 | 0.084669 | 0.7862 | 0.063* | |
N4 | 0.66166 (12) | 0.2783 (3) | 0.44975 (14) | 0.0626 (9) | |
C11 | 0.74683 (13) | 0.4261 (3) | 0.39990 (14) | 0.0571 (10) | |
H1c11 | 0.762209 | 0.46114 | 0.444894 | 0.0685* | |
C7 | 0.63456 (12) | 0.3057 (3) | 0.56043 (14) | 0.0485 (9) | |
C10 | 0.69675 (13) | 0.3311 (3) | 0.39178 (14) | 0.0525 (10) | |
C8 | 0.64559 (12) | 0.3817 (3) | 0.62202 (14) | 0.0534 (10) | |
H1c8 | 0.677626 | 0.450758 | 0.626648 | 0.064* | |
C3 | 0.67725 (12) | 0.1318 (3) | 0.87591 (14) | 0.0605 (11) | |
H1c3 | 0.707548 | 0.060508 | 0.872858 | 0.0726* | |
N5 | 0.75455 (13) | 0.4230 (3) | 0.27360 (13) | 0.0724 (11) | |
C12 | 0.77402 (15) | 0.4687 (3) | 0.33930 (17) | 0.0666 (12) | |
H1c12 | 0.80804 | 0.533335 | 0.345032 | 0.0799* | |
C13 | 0.70650 (17) | 0.3312 (4) | 0.26799 (16) | 0.0761 (13) | |
H1c13 | 0.69199 | 0.29756 | 0.222456 | 0.0913* | |
C14 | 0.67590 (16) | 0.2808 (3) | 0.32486 (16) | 0.0681 (12) | |
H1c14 | 0.642393 | 0.215145 | 0.317754 | 0.0817* | |
O2 | 0.5 | −0.0034 (3) | 0.75 | 0.0688 (12) | |
O1 | 0.5 | 0.5102 (3) | 0.75 | 0.0725 (12) | |
H1o2 | 0.4866 (17) | −0.055 (3) | 0.7829 (14) | 0.1033* | |
H1o1 | 0.4862 (18) | 0.567 (3) | 0.7805 (16) | 0.1088* | |
O1a | 0.5232 (6) | 0.8609 (9) | 0.5573 (5) | 0.161 (7) | 0.464 (9) |
O2a | 0.5038 (5) | 0.6425 (9) | 0.6076 (7) | 0.238 (11) | 0.464 (9) |
O3a | 0.5602 (4) | 0.8164 (12) | 0.6783 (3) | 0.195 (5) | 0.464 (9) |
O4a | 0.6109 (2) | 0.7059 (14) | 0.5874 (5) | 0.188 (6) | 0.464 (9) |
O1b | 0.4963 (4) | 0.8525 (11) | 0.6130 (6) | 0.148 (4) | 0.536 (9) |
O2b | 0.5246 (5) | 0.6320 (6) | 0.5712 (6) | 0.115 (4) | 0.536 (9) |
O3b | 0.5796 (6) | 0.7209 (11) | 0.6784 (3) | 0.195 (6) | 0.536 (9) |
O4b | 0.5976 (5) | 0.8204 (13) | 0.5679 (6) | 0.314 (13) | 0.536 (9) |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
Cu1 | 0.0240 (2) | 0.0517 (3) | 0.0246 (2) | 0 | −0.00415 (14) | 0 |
Cl | 0.1544 (12) | 0.0710 (8) | 0.0605 (6) | −0.0011 (9) | 0.0092 (7) | 0.0064 (6) |
N2 | 0.0294 (9) | 0.0468 (12) | 0.0306 (10) | −0.0027 (8) | −0.0006 (8) | 0.0010 (9) |
N1 | 0.0280 (9) | 0.0549 (12) | 0.0288 (10) | 0.0006 (9) | −0.0047 (8) | −0.0017 (9) |
C15 | 0.0304 (13) | 0.074 (2) | 0.0460 (15) | −0.0075 (12) | −0.0122 (11) | 0.0231 (14) |
C1 | 0.0436 (14) | 0.0534 (16) | 0.0369 (13) | −0.0036 (12) | −0.0084 (11) | −0.0011 (12) |
C2 | 0.0629 (17) | 0.0571 (17) | 0.0352 (14) | −0.0217 (14) | −0.0115 (12) | −0.0011 (12) |
N3 | 0.0730 (16) | 0.0581 (15) | 0.0559 (15) | −0.0015 (12) | 0.0198 (13) | 0.0023 (12) |
C5 | 0.0411 (13) | 0.0502 (15) | 0.0374 (14) | −0.0062 (11) | 0.0025 (11) | −0.0021 (12) |
N6 | 0.0789 (17) | 0.0660 (18) | 0.0487 (15) | −0.0019 (15) | −0.0011 (13) | 0.0060 (11) |
C6 | 0.0518 (15) | 0.0614 (17) | 0.0381 (14) | 0.0020 (13) | 0.0065 (12) | −0.0049 (13) |
C9 | 0.0402 (13) | 0.0532 (16) | 0.0455 (15) | −0.0074 (12) | 0.0049 (11) | −0.0033 (12) |
C4 | 0.0367 (13) | 0.079 (2) | 0.0399 (14) | 0.0137 (13) | −0.0047 (11) | −0.0051 (13) |
N4 | 0.0620 (16) | 0.0761 (18) | 0.0512 (15) | −0.0010 (12) | 0.0131 (12) | 0.0004 (13) |
C11 | 0.0693 (18) | 0.0577 (17) | 0.0465 (16) | 0.0105 (15) | 0.0160 (14) | −0.0007 (13) |
C7 | 0.0470 (15) | 0.0539 (15) | 0.0472 (16) | 0.0044 (13) | 0.0167 (12) | 0.0134 (13) |
C10 | 0.0548 (16) | 0.0570 (18) | 0.0488 (16) | 0.0103 (13) | 0.0197 (13) | 0.0080 (13) |
C8 | 0.0500 (15) | 0.0526 (17) | 0.0596 (17) | −0.0114 (12) | 0.0149 (13) | 0.0005 (13) |
C3 | 0.0384 (14) | 0.090 (2) | 0.0498 (16) | 0.0141 (14) | −0.0076 (12) | 0.0025 (16) |
N5 | 0.0883 (19) | 0.0797 (19) | 0.0543 (16) | 0.0033 (16) | 0.0298 (14) | 0.0107 (14) |
C12 | 0.0715 (19) | 0.0575 (19) | 0.075 (2) | 0.0012 (15) | 0.0260 (17) | 0.0043 (16) |
C13 | 0.092 (2) | 0.093 (3) | 0.0451 (18) | 0.001 (2) | 0.0146 (17) | 0.0001 (17) |
C14 | 0.068 (2) | 0.084 (2) | 0.0537 (19) | −0.0058 (16) | 0.0123 (15) | 0.0019 (16) |
O2 | 0.093 (2) | 0.0504 (18) | 0.065 (2) | 0 | 0.0167 (17) | 0 |
O1 | 0.089 (2) | 0.0526 (19) | 0.078 (2) | 0 | 0.0163 (17) | 0 |
O1a | 0.281 (17) | 0.078 (7) | 0.097 (9) | −0.032 (9) | −0.083 (10) | 0.037 (7) |
O2a | 0.35 (2) | 0.111 (12) | 0.283 (19) | 0.030 (12) | 0.177 (17) | 0.059 (10) |
O3a | 0.328 (12) | 0.178 (10) | 0.077 (6) | 0.159 (9) | 0.012 (6) | −0.026 (6) |
O4a | 0.253 (8) | 0.214 (14) | 0.116 (7) | 0.122 (9) | 0.096 (7) | 0.020 (6) |
O1b | 0.232 (9) | 0.091 (5) | 0.095 (7) | 0.042 (6) | −0.086 (6) | −0.032 (5) |
O2b | 0.112 (5) | 0.066 (5) | 0.177 (10) | −0.016 (4) | 0.051 (7) | −0.032 (6) |
O3b | 0.309 (15) | 0.148 (9) | 0.115 (7) | 0.023 (9) | −0.029 (8) | −0.006 (6) |
O4b | 0.57 (3) | 0.157 (13) | 0.270 (19) | −0.102 (17) | 0.26 (2) | −0.088 (12) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Cu1—N2 | 2.0364 (19) | N4—C10 | 1.463 (4) |
Cu1—N2i | 2.0364 (19) | C11—H1c11 | 0.93 |
Cu1—N1 | 2.0350 (17) | C11—C10 | 1.368 (4) |
Cu1—N1i | 2.0350 (17) | C11—C12 | 1.385 (4) |
Cu1—O2 | 2.403 (3) | C7—C8 | 1.363 (4) |
Cu1—O1 | 2.522 (3) | C10—C14 | 1.368 (4) |
N2—C5 | 1.341 (3) | C8—H1c8 | 0.93 |
N2—C9 | 1.337 (3) | C3—H1c3 | 0.93 |
N1—C1 | 1.334 (3) | N5—C12 | 1.327 (4) |
N1—C4 | 1.337 (3) | N5—C13 | 1.316 (5) |
C15—C2 | 1.378 (4) | C12—H1c12 | 0.93 |
C15—N6 | 1.483 (3) | C13—H1c13 | 0.93 |
C15—C3 | 1.361 (4) | C13—C14 | 1.386 (5) |
C1—H1c1 | 0.93 | C14—H1c14 | 0.93 |
C1—C2 | 1.391 (3) | O2—H1o2 | 0.86 (3) |
C2—H1c2 | 0.93 | O2—H1o2i | 0.86 (3) |
N3—N4 | 1.209 (4) | O1—H1o1 | 0.86 (3) |
N3—C7 | 1.448 (4) | O1—H1o1i | 0.86 (3) |
C5—H1c5 | 0.93 | Cl—O1a | 1.439 (9) |
C5—C6 | 1.378 (4) | Cl—O2a | 1.440 (10) |
N6—N6ii | 1.166 (4) | Cl—O3a | 1.439 (7) |
C6—H1c6 | 0.93 | Cl—O4a | 1.440 (7) |
C6—C7 | 1.390 (4) | Cl—O1b | 1.440 (10) |
C9—H1c9 | 0.93 | Cl—O2b | 1.440 (8) |
C9—C8 | 1.372 (4) | Cl—O3b | 1.440 (6) |
C4—H1c4 | 0.93 | Cl—O4b | 1.440 (11) |
C4—C3 | 1.370 (3) | | |
| | | |
N2—Cu1—N2i | 174.58 (7) | N3—N4—C10 | 111.9 (2) |
N2—Cu1—N1 | 90.07 (7) | H1c11—C11—C10 | 120.8874 |
N2—Cu1—N1i | 90.01 (7) | H1c11—C11—C12 | 120.8893 |
N2—Cu1—O2 | 92.71 (5) | C10—C11—C12 | 118.2 (3) |
N2—Cu1—O1 | 87.29 (5) | N3—C7—C6 | 125.3 (2) |
N2i—Cu1—N1 | 90.01 (7) | N3—C7—C8 | 115.3 (2) |
N2i—Cu1—N1i | 90.07 (7) | C6—C7—C8 | 119.4 (3) |
N2i—Cu1—O2 | 92.71 (5) | N4—C10—C11 | 125.1 (2) |
N2i—Cu1—O1 | 87.29 (5) | N4—C10—C14 | 115.7 (3) |
N1—Cu1—N1i | 178.40 (8) | C11—C10—C14 | 119.2 (3) |
N1—Cu1—O2 | 89.20 (5) | C9—C8—C7 | 119.2 (2) |
N1—Cu1—O1 | 90.80 (5) | C9—C8—H1c8 | 120.3901 |
N1i—Cu1—O2 | 89.20 (5) | C7—C8—H1c8 | 120.3912 |
N1i—Cu1—O1 | 90.80 (5) | C15—C3—C4 | 118.6 (3) |
O2—Cu1—O1 | 180.0 (5) | C15—C3—H1c3 | 120.7243 |
C5—N2—C9 | 117.7 (2) | C4—C3—H1c3 | 120.7229 |
C1—N1—C4 | 117.74 (19) | C12—N5—C13 | 115.9 (3) |
C2—C15—N6 | 126.8 (2) | C11—C12—N5 | 124.1 (3) |
C2—C15—C3 | 119.5 (2) | C11—C12—H1c12 | 117.969 |
N6—C15—C3 | 113.7 (2) | N5—C12—H1c12 | 117.9667 |
N1—C1—H1c1 | 118.9506 | N5—C13—H1c13 | 117.5416 |
N1—C1—C2 | 122.1 (2) | N5—C13—C14 | 124.9 (3) |
H1c1—C1—C2 | 118.9493 | H1c13—C13—C14 | 117.5406 |
C15—C2—C1 | 118.6 (2) | C10—C14—C13 | 117.6 (3) |
C15—C2—H1c2 | 120.7066 | C10—C14—H1c14 | 121.1841 |
C1—C2—H1c2 | 120.7056 | C13—C14—H1c14 | 121.1852 |
N4—N3—C7 | 113.7 (2) | H1o2—O2—H1o2i | 110 (3) |
N2—C5—H1c5 | 118.4381 | H1o1—O1—H1o1i | 102 (3) |
N2—C5—C6 | 123.1 (2) | O1a—Cl—O2a | 109.5 (6) |
H1c5—C5—C6 | 118.4384 | O1a—Cl—O3a | 109.5 (6) |
C15—N6—N6ii | 110.0 (2) | O1a—Cl—O4a | 109.5 (7) |
C5—C6—H1c6 | 121.132 | O2a—Cl—O3a | 109.5 (6) |
C5—C6—C7 | 117.7 (2) | O2a—Cl—O4a | 109.5 (6) |
H1c6—C6—C7 | 121.1303 | O3a—Cl—O4a | 109.5 (5) |
N2—C9—H1c9 | 118.6589 | O1b—Cl—O2b | 109.5 (6) |
N2—C9—C8 | 122.7 (2) | O1b—Cl—O3b | 109.5 (6) |
H1c9—C9—C8 | 118.6588 | O1b—Cl—O4b | 109.5 (6) |
N1—C4—H1c4 | 118.2663 | O2b—Cl—O3b | 109.5 (6) |
N1—C4—C3 | 123.5 (2) | O2b—Cl—O4b | 109.5 (7) |
H1c4—C4—C3 | 118.2675 | O3b—Cl—O4b | 109.5 (6) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1/2, −z+2. |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O2—H1o2···O1biii | 0.86 (3) | 2.14 (3) | 2.913 (12) | 150 (3) |
O2—H1o2···O3aiii | 0.86 (3) | 1.77 (3) | 2.589 (10) | 158 (3) |
O1—H1o1···O2ai | 0.86 (3) | 2.21 (3) | 2.969 (13) | 147 (3) |
O1—H1o1···O3bi | 0.86 (3) | 2.20 (3) | 3.010 (11) | 157 (3) |
C5—H1C5···O1biv | 0.93 | 2.51 | 3.346 (11) | 149 |
C13—H1c13···O3bv | 0.93 | 2.36 | 2.973 (11) | 123 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y, −z+3/2; (iii) −x+1, y−1, −z+3/2; (iv) x, y−1, z; (v) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data |
Chemical formula | [Cu(C10H8N4)3(H2O)2](ClO4)2 |
Mr | 851.29 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 20.5028 (6), 9.5882 (4), 18.7797 (6) |
β (°) | 96.629 (3) |
V (Å3) | 3667.1 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.81 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.38 × 0.37 × 0.29 |
|
Data collection |
Diffractometer | Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur Gemini diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Analytical [CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009) and
Clark & Reid (1995)] |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.951, 0.965 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 3σ(I)] reflections | 27735, 3738, 2902 |
Rint | 0.026 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.625 |
|
Refinement |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.043, 0.106, 2.67 |
No. of reflections | 3738 |
No. of parameters | 373 |
No. of restraints | 22 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.76, −0.47 |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O2—H1o2···O1bi | 0.86 (3) | 2.14 (3) | 2.913 (12) | 150 (3) |
O2—H1o2···O3ai | 0.86 (3) | 1.77 (3) | 2.589 (10) | 158 (3) |
O1—H1o1···O2aii | 0.86 (3) | 2.21 (3) | 2.969 (13) | 147 (3) |
O1—H1o1···O3bii | 0.86 (3) | 2.20 (3) | 3.010 (11) | 157 (3) |
C5—H1C5···O1biii | 0.93 | 2.51 | 3.346 (11) | 149 |
C13—H1c13···O3biv | 0.93 | 2.36 | 2.973 (11) | 123 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1, −z+3/2; (ii) −x+1, y, −z+3/2; (iii) x, y−1, z; (iv) x, −y+1, z−1/2. |
In our studies of new inclusion-coordination compounds with cyclodextrins, we have employed Cu(II) coordination compounds with 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene (Brown & Granneman, 1975). However, we obtained as a side product the title structure which is a new polymer formed by Cu(II) and 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene (Azpy), namely [Cu(C10N4H8)3(H2O)2]2n+]n.2n(ClO4)- (Fig. 1). It is important to point out that the title structure is a product of a side reaction with no more than 5% yield. Water which was present in the reaction media allowed the crystallization of a polymeric structure with one-dimensional fishbone-type chain architecture (Fig. 2).
The polymeric motif present in the title structure is isomorphous to that of Zn-1D polymeric motif [Zn(C10N4H8)3(OH2)2]n2n+ which is present in catena-((µ2-1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene-N,N')-diaqua-bis(1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene-N)-zinc bis(hexafluorophosphate) bis(1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene) tetrahydrate) (Noro et al., 2005). However, this polymeric motif in the Zn-compound is partly disodered in the position which corresponds to the bond N6—N6i (symmetry code i: -x + 3/2, -y + 1/2, 1 - z) in the title molecule (see below).
There are also known another related compounds that contain Cu(II), Azpy, water and other ligands in their metal coordination sphere such as tosylate (Kondo et al., 2006) or molecules resulting from condensation reactions between 2,6-diformil-p-cresol with 1,3-diaminopropane and 2-aminoethyl-pyridine (Marinescu et al. 2010). Specifically [Cu(C10N4H8)2(H2O)2]2n+n (He et al. 2000), which is present in catena-(bis(µ2-trans-4,4'-azopyridine-N,N')-copper dinitrate dihydrate, is a related 2-D motif, in which the Cu(II) is present in an octahedral enviroment: in its axial positions there are two water molecules, while in the equatorial plane is occupied by four Azpy ligands, this motif is also present in the title structure.
In the title compound, [Cu(C10N4H8)3(H2O)2]2n+]n.2n(ClO4)-, the cation Cu(II) is situated on the two fold-axis in the site 4e. The symmetry independent atoms are shown in Fig. 1. The coordination sphere of Cu(II) is octahedral and it is formed by pairs of the symmetry equivalent bis(1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene, 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene and two non equivalent water molecules.
The 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)diazene molecules form polymeric chains via azo-bonds formed between the symmetry equivalents of N6. These azo-bonds are situated about the inversion centres in 4d sites. These chains are parallel to (-1 0 1) (Fig. 2).
The perchlorate molecules are disordered and are acceptors of the water hydrogen bonds of a moderate strength. [For categorization of the hydrogen bonds, see Gilli & Gilli (2009).] The water molecules which are coordinated to Cu(II) form together with the perchlorates columns which are parallel to the monoclinic axis b (Fig. 3). The pertinent graph set motifs of the H atoms which are donated to the disordered perchlorate O atoms are R44(12).
It is of interest that the bond length N3—N4 measures 1.209 (4) which is considerably longer than 1.166 (4) Å which is the distance between N6—N6i (symmetry code i: -x + 3/2, -y + 1/2, -z + 2). This seems to be quite a large difference. On the other hand the adjacent bond-lengths C7—N3 and C10—N4 measure 1.448 (4) and 1.463 (4) Å while C15—N6 is 1.483 (3) Å long. The Cambridge Crystallographic Database (Allen, 2002; version CSD 5.33 with 586977 hits) has yielded 43 fragments of Caryl—N═N—Caryl where N atoms are acyclic and are bonded just to two other atoms. The majority of the hits yielded N═N distances between 1.23–1.26 Å while the corresponding C—N distances were in the range 1.40–1.44 Å. There were other four hits with N═N distances between 1.17–1.19 Å while the corresponding C—C distances were between 1.47–1.51 Å. There is an indirect proportion between the C—N and N═N distances in the given fragment. Thus the present result is in accordance with the previous observations. However, it is worthwhile stressing that the pairs of atoms N3-C7, N6-C15 and C2-C15 are in disagreement with the Hirshfeld test (Hirshfeld, 1009) as indicate the alerts generated by PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Another interesting point are unequal Cu—Owater bond lengths: Cu—O1 and Cu—O1 are 2.403 (3) and 2.522 (3) Å despite of the fact that equatorial Cu—N1 and Cu—N2 are almost the same 2.035 (2) and 2.036 (2) Å. A search in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (Allen, 2002; version CSD 5.33 with 586977 hits) has shown that such structures are found relatively rarely.
There is also present a π-electron ring···π-electron ring interaction in the structure (Fig. 4). It takes place between the rings N2//C5..C6//C7//C8//C9 and the symmetry equivalent of N5//C12//C11//C10//C14 related by the operation 3/2 - x, 1/2 - y, 1 - z. The distance between the pertinent centroids is 3.913 (2) Å (Spek, 2009). Moreover, there are also weak C—H···O interactions in the structure (see Table 1).