Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807064483/hj2008sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807064483/hj2008Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 674315
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 180 K
- Mean (C-C) = 0.008 Å
- R factor = 0.043
- wR factor = 0.079
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 14.7
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Alert level A PLAT220_ALERT_2_A Large Non-Solvent C Ueq(max)/Ueq(min) ... 4.75 Ratio
Author Response: As discussed in the appropiate experimental section in the main paper, one bridging naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate ligand is most likely disordered but the data quality does not allow a sensible modelling of the associated structural features. Indeed, this dynamic structural disorder corresponds to a typical movement of "flickering" of the conjugated aromatic rings around the central axis connecting the two carboxylate groups, which consequently leads to prolates for the external carbon atoms of the organic ligand (i.e., C3, C4, C9 and C10). |
Alert level B PLAT213_ALERT_2_B Atom C4 has ADP max/min Ratio ............. 4.10 prola
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT241_ALERT_2_B Check High Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C4
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT241_ALERT_2_B Check High Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C10
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
Alert level C PLAT154_ALERT_1_C The su's on the Cell Angles are Equal (x 10000) 200 Deg.
Author Response: This was checked and the reported values are correct. |
PLAT213_ALERT_2_C Atom C3 has ADP max/min Ratio ............. 3.50 prola
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT213_ALERT_2_C Atom C9 has ADP max/min Ratio ............. 3.10 prola
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT213_ALERT_2_C Atom C10 has ADP max/min Ratio ............. 3.50 prola
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT222_ALERT_3_C Large Non-Solvent H Ueq(max)/Ueq(min) ... 3.28 Ratio
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C2
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C5
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C7
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for C11
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT250_ALERT_2_C Large U3/U1 Ratio for Average U(i,j) Tensor .... 2.64
Author Response: This Alert is also related with the dynamic disorder associated with one naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate bridging ligand and described in detail in our response to verification code PLAT220 and also in the dedicated section in the main paper. |
PLAT764_ALERT_4_C Overcomplete CIF Bond List Detected (Rep/Expd) . 1.12 Ratio
Alert level G PLAT804_ALERT_5_G ARU-Pack Problem in PLATON Analysis ............ 1 Times PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints ....... 9
1 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 3 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 11 ALERT level C = Check and explain 2 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 12 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 2 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 1 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
Starting materials were purchased from commercial sources and were used as received without further purification: holmium(III) chloride hexahydrate (HoCl3.6H2O, 99.9%, Aldrich), naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (H2NDC, 99%, Aldrich) and triethylamine (TEA, 99%, Avocado).
To a solution of HoCl3.6H2O (1.054 g, 2.778 mmol) in distilled water (6.88 g), naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (0.100 g, 0.463 mmol) and triethylamine (0.097 g, 0.959 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred thoroughly for 5 minutes at ambient temperature. The suspension, with a molar composition of 6.01 Ho3+: 1.00 H2NDC: 2.07 TEA: 137 H2O, was transferred to a Parr teflon-lined stainless steel vessel (ca 21 cm3) and placed for 8 h at 145 °C in a preheated oven. Before opening, the reaction vessel was allowed to cool slowly to ambient temperature at a rate of 10 ° per hour over a period of 14 h. The isolated crystalline material was mainly composed of crystals of the title compound which were preserved in a portion of the mother liquor before being manually selected under a polarized microscope for subsequent crystal mounting on a glass fibre.
A small amount of colourless plate-like crystals, which could not be physically separated from the title compound, were also investigated and revealed to be isostructural with the frameworks reported by Zheng, Sun et al. (2004). The crystal data for this material will be the subject of a separate communication.
A slightly smeared-out electron density was found surrounding the carbon atoms of one bridging naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate ligand. However, the quality of the data set did not allow a sensible modelling of this disorder over, at least, two istinct crystallographic positions. C3, C4, C9 and C10 atoms were instead refined using anisotropic displacement parameters which define a typical prolate thermal motion for these atoms.
H atoms associated with the water molecules were clearly visible in difference Fourier maps and were included in the final structural model with the O—H and H···H restrained to 0.95 (1) and 1.55 (1) Å, respectively, in order to ensure a chemically reasonable geometry for these moieties. These H atoms were allowed to ride on their parent O atoms with Uiso fixed at 1.5×Ueq(O). H atoms bound to carbon were instead placed at idealized positions and allowed to ride on their parent atoms with Uiso fixed at 1.2×Ueq(C). All C—H distances are of 0.95 Å.
In less than twenty years, the field of Crystal Engineering involving the synthesis and characterization of multi-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (also known as coordination polymers) has grown immensely to become one of the most active research areas in inorganic chemistry. These worldwide efforts are motivated by the new and often striking structural features obtained by varying the metal centres and the bridging organic ligands, and by the prospect of making materials with direct industrial applications. Following our efforts in the hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of highly crystalline materials of this kind, (Cunha-Silva, Mafra et al., 2007; Cunha-Silva, Shi et al., 2007; Shi et al., 2007; Mafra et al., 2006; Shi et al., 2006; Paz, Rocha, Klinowski et al., 2005; Almeida Paz, Shi, Mafra et al., 2005; Almeida Paz, Shi, Trindade et al., 2005; Shi et al., 2005; Paz & Klinowski, 2004; Paz & Klinowski, 2003; Almeida Paz et al. 2002a, 2002b, 2002c), we report here the low temperature crystal structure at 180 (2) K of a two-dimensional lanthanide-organic framework containing residues of naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (H2NDC), [Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6], which is analogous to that reported by Deluzet et al. (2003) but containing instead Er3+, [Er2(NDC)3(H2O)6]. A search in the literature and in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, Version 5.28 with three updates - August 2007; Allen, 2002; Allen & Motherwell, 2002) produced only a handful of reports in which lanthanide centres are coordinated to H2 - xNDC-x residues (Zheng, Sun et al., 2004; Zheng, Wang et al., 2004; Paz & Klinowski, 2003; Wang et al., 2002; Min & Lee, 2002).
The structure of the title compound, I, contains a single crystallographically independent metallic centre, Ho1, coordinated to three water molecules (O1W, O2W and O3W) and four NDC2-bridging ligands (Figure 1a), with a {HoO8} coordination geometry resembling a highly distorted dodecahedron (Figure 1 b). The Ho—O bond lengths were found in the 2.252 (3)–2.461 (4) Å range,in good agreement with those of related materials as revealed by a search in the CSD. The three crystallographically independent carboxylate groups coordinate to the Ho3+ centres in distinct coordination fashions as shown in Figure 1a. Notably, the C8 carboxylate group is coordinated via a typical syn,syn-µ2-bridging coordination fashion leading to the formation of binuclear centrosymmetric anionic [Ho2(NDC)6(H2O)6]6- unit (Figure 1) with the Ho(1)···Ho(1)vi intermetallic distance being of 5.0172 (4) Å [symmetry code: (vi) 3 - x, -y, -z]. While the C1 carboxylate group is coordinated via a syn-unidentate coordination fashion, the C13 carboxylate is instead bound to Ho1 via a typical syn,syn-chelate bidentate mode with a bite angle of 54.22 (13)°.
{Ho2O2(CO2)4(H2O)6} cores are interconnected via the bridging NDC2-ligands into an inclined two-dimensional plane net (Figure 2). By taking the centre of gravity of each binuclear centrosymmetric anionic [Ho2(NDC)6(H2O)6]6- unit as a node of the network, the resulting ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] plane net has a typical (4,4) topology with the inter-nodal distances being of 12.8742 (6) Å and 16.3127 (6) Å. As shown in Figures 3a and 3 b, individual ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] plane nets close pack in a parallel fashion (not along a principal axis of the unit cell) to produce the crystal structure. Along the [010] crystallographic direction the packing occurs in an orderly ABAB··· fashion (Figure 3 b). Connections between adjacent layers are mainly assured by strong and highly directional O—H···.O hydrogen bonds involving the O2W and O3W coordinated water molecules from one layer and the coordinated carboxylate groups from the neighbouring layer (Figure 4 and Table in the main paper summarizing the geometrical parameters of the hydrogen bonding interactions). Moreover, these connections are reinforced by weak C—H···π interactions between coordinated NDC2- residues belonging to adjacent layers (not shown). It is important to stress that, within each ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] layer, O1W is also engaged in strong O—H···.O hydrogen bonds which reinforce the connections between neighbouring binuclear units (Figure 4).
For related structures see: Zheng, Sun et al. (2004); Zheng, Wang et al. (2004); Paz & Klinowski (2003); Min & Lee (2002); Wang et al. (2002). For related literature, see: Cunha-Silva, Mafra et al. (2007); Cunha-Silva, Shi et al. (2007); Shi et al. (2007); Mafra et al. (2006); Shi et al. (2006); Paz, Rocha, Klinowski et al. (2005); Almeida Paz, Shi, Mafra et al. (2005); Almeida Paz, Shi, Trindade et al. (2005); Shi et al. (2005); Paz & Klinowski (2004); Almeida Paz et al. (2002a, 2002b, 2002c).
For related literature, see: Allen (2002); Allen & Motherwell (2002); Altomare et al. (1994); Deluzet et al. (2003).
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius 1998); cell refinement: HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: HKL DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001).
[Ho2(C12H6O4)3(H2O)6] | Z = 2 |
Mr = 540.23 | F(000) = 524 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 2.060 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.8856 (3) Å | Cell parameters from 14333 reflections |
b = 9.6537 (5) Å | θ = 1.0–27.5° |
c = 12.5438 (6) Å | µ = 4.60 mm−1 |
α = 75.191 (2)° | T = 180 K |
β = 74.224 (2)° | Block, white |
γ = 75.352 (2)° | 0.10 × 0.05 × 0.05 mm |
V = 870.98 (7) Å3 |
Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer | 3135 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.067 |
Thin slice ω and φ scans | θmax = 27.6°, θmin = 3.5° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) | h = −10→9 |
Tmin = 0.730, Tmax = 0.796 | k = −9→12 |
11608 measured reflections | l = −15→16 |
3987 independent reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.079 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.00 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0301P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3987 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
271 parameters | Δρmax = 1.51 e Å−3 |
9 restraints | Δρmin = −1.50 e Å−3 |
[Ho2(C12H6O4)3(H2O)6] | γ = 75.352 (2)° |
Mr = 540.23 | V = 870.98 (7) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 2 |
a = 7.8856 (3) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 9.6537 (5) Å | µ = 4.60 mm−1 |
c = 12.5438 (6) Å | T = 180 K |
α = 75.191 (2)° | 0.10 × 0.05 × 0.05 mm |
β = 74.224 (2)° |
Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer | 3987 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) | 3135 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.730, Tmax = 0.796 | Rint = 0.067 |
11608 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | 9 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.079 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 1.51 e Å−3 |
3987 reflections | Δρmin = −1.50 e Å−3 |
271 parameters |
Experimental. See dedicated section in the main paper |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Ho1 | 1.23306 (3) | 0.20677 (3) | −0.001555 (19) | 0.01786 (10) | |
O1W | 1.1573 (5) | 0.4195 (4) | 0.0764 (3) | 0.0232 (9) | |
H1A | 1.207 (6) | 0.504 (3) | 0.039 (4) | 0.035* | |
H1B | 1.039 (3) | 0.450 (5) | 0.118 (4) | 0.035* | |
O2W | 1.4902 (5) | 0.3308 (4) | −0.0586 (3) | 0.0259 (10) | |
H2A | 1.506 (8) | 0.340 (5) | 0.011 (2) | 0.039* | |
H2B | 1.466 (8) | 0.425 (2) | −0.105 (3) | 0.039* | |
O3W | 1.2069 (5) | −0.0416 (4) | 0.0556 (3) | 0.0301 (10) | |
H3A | 1.104 (4) | −0.083 (5) | 0.073 (5) | 0.045* | |
H3B | 1.311 (4) | −0.116 (4) | 0.057 (5) | 0.045* | |
O1 | 0.9506 (5) | 0.2157 (4) | 0.1072 (3) | 0.0280 (10) | |
O2 | 0.6931 (5) | 0.3656 (4) | 0.0793 (3) | 0.0241 (9) | |
O3 | 0.6021 (5) | −0.1174 (4) | 0.8691 (3) | 0.0269 (10) | |
O4 | 0.4373 (5) | 0.1075 (4) | 0.8570 (3) | 0.0251 (9) | |
O5 | 1.1644 (5) | 0.3945 (4) | −0.1584 (3) | 0.0236 (9) | |
O6 | 1.0619 (5) | 0.1934 (5) | −0.1337 (3) | 0.0264 (10) | |
C1 | 0.7893 (8) | 0.2736 (6) | 0.1411 (4) | 0.0199 (13) | |
C2 | 0.7080 (7) | 0.2329 (7) | 0.2662 (4) | 0.0228 (14) | |
C3 | 0.5563 (10) | 0.3242 (9) | 0.3151 (5) | 0.064 (3) | |
H3 | 0.4986 | 0.4070 | 0.2690 | 0.076* | |
C4 | 0.4889 (11) | 0.2952 (10) | 0.4304 (5) | 0.087 (4) | |
H4 | 0.3852 | 0.3585 | 0.4629 | 0.105* | |
C5 | 0.5711 (8) | 0.1739 (7) | 0.5001 (4) | 0.0257 (14) | |
C6 | 0.5125 (8) | 0.1470 (7) | 0.6203 (4) | 0.0317 (16) | |
H6 | 0.4139 | 0.2127 | 0.6549 | 0.038* | |
C7 | 0.5957 (8) | 0.0288 (6) | 0.6862 (4) | 0.0219 (13) | |
C8 | 0.5390 (7) | 0.0055 (6) | 0.8131 (4) | 0.0183 (12) | |
C9 | 0.7352 (12) | −0.0676 (9) | 0.6357 (5) | 0.068 (3) | |
H9 | 0.7895 | −0.1530 | 0.6811 | 0.081* | |
C10 | 0.7972 (13) | −0.0426 (9) | 0.5211 (5) | 0.084 (4) | |
H10 | 0.8956 | −0.1102 | 0.4886 | 0.101* | |
C11 | 0.7190 (8) | 0.0806 (6) | 0.4501 (4) | 0.0250 (14) | |
C12 | 0.7875 (9) | 0.1138 (7) | 0.3314 (4) | 0.0318 (15) | |
H12 | 0.8908 | 0.0512 | 0.2975 | 0.038* | |
C13 | 1.0862 (7) | 0.3182 (7) | −0.1918 (4) | 0.0217 (13) | |
C14 | 1.0289 (8) | 0.3725 (7) | −0.3018 (4) | 0.0242 (14) | |
C15 | 0.9115 (8) | 0.3065 (7) | −0.3296 (4) | 0.0286 (15) | |
H15 | 0.8619 | 0.2299 | −0.2759 | 0.034* | |
C16 | 0.8682 (9) | 0.3509 (7) | −0.4318 (4) | 0.0307 (15) | |
H16 | 0.7879 | 0.3056 | −0.4492 | 0.037* | |
C17 | 0.9428 (8) | 0.4657 (7) | −0.5143 (4) | 0.0241 (13) | |
C18 | 1.0982 (8) | 0.4868 (6) | −0.3770 (4) | 0.0264 (14) | |
H18 | 1.1732 | 0.5338 | −0.3562 | 0.032* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Ho1 | 0.01942 (16) | 0.02085 (16) | 0.01278 (13) | −0.00448 (11) | −0.00501 (9) | −0.00036 (9) |
O1W | 0.024 (2) | 0.023 (2) | 0.0200 (19) | −0.0050 (18) | −0.0003 (16) | −0.0053 (16) |
O2W | 0.027 (2) | 0.030 (3) | 0.023 (2) | −0.012 (2) | −0.0058 (18) | −0.0037 (17) |
O3W | 0.022 (2) | 0.024 (2) | 0.042 (2) | −0.0073 (19) | −0.006 (2) | −0.0011 (19) |
O1 | 0.026 (2) | 0.034 (3) | 0.0193 (19) | −0.008 (2) | 0.0008 (17) | −0.0019 (17) |
O2 | 0.024 (2) | 0.029 (2) | 0.0183 (18) | −0.0072 (19) | −0.0085 (17) | 0.0027 (17) |
O3 | 0.034 (2) | 0.024 (2) | 0.0217 (19) | −0.004 (2) | −0.0144 (18) | 0.0037 (17) |
O4 | 0.027 (2) | 0.026 (2) | 0.0197 (19) | −0.004 (2) | −0.0015 (17) | −0.0053 (17) |
O5 | 0.032 (2) | 0.023 (2) | 0.0164 (18) | −0.0026 (19) | −0.0130 (17) | 0.0011 (16) |
O6 | 0.026 (2) | 0.037 (3) | 0.0165 (18) | −0.013 (2) | −0.0058 (16) | 0.0015 (17) |
C1 | 0.023 (3) | 0.026 (3) | 0.016 (3) | −0.015 (3) | −0.002 (2) | −0.004 (2) |
C2 | 0.016 (3) | 0.035 (4) | 0.015 (3) | −0.007 (3) | −0.005 (2) | 0.002 (2) |
C3 | 0.044 (5) | 0.080 (6) | 0.022 (3) | 0.029 (4) | 0.001 (3) | 0.019 (3) |
C4 | 0.055 (5) | 0.111 (8) | 0.026 (4) | 0.061 (5) | 0.008 (3) | 0.013 (4) |
C5 | 0.021 (3) | 0.034 (4) | 0.015 (3) | −0.004 (3) | −0.002 (2) | 0.004 (2) |
C6 | 0.023 (3) | 0.042 (4) | 0.021 (3) | 0.000 (3) | −0.002 (2) | 0.000 (3) |
C7 | 0.025 (3) | 0.023 (3) | 0.016 (3) | −0.004 (3) | −0.003 (2) | −0.003 (2) |
C8 | 0.017 (3) | 0.026 (4) | 0.018 (3) | −0.011 (3) | −0.009 (2) | −0.003 (2) |
C9 | 0.088 (6) | 0.055 (5) | 0.019 (3) | 0.033 (5) | −0.001 (4) | 0.006 (3) |
C10 | 0.113 (8) | 0.058 (6) | 0.022 (3) | 0.059 (5) | 0.003 (4) | 0.001 (3) |
C11 | 0.035 (4) | 0.023 (3) | 0.015 (3) | −0.004 (3) | −0.007 (2) | −0.002 (2) |
C12 | 0.039 (4) | 0.027 (4) | 0.024 (3) | 0.003 (3) | −0.004 (3) | −0.008 (3) |
C13 | 0.013 (3) | 0.027 (4) | 0.024 (3) | 0.002 (3) | −0.009 (2) | −0.004 (3) |
C14 | 0.026 (3) | 0.027 (4) | 0.018 (3) | 0.000 (3) | −0.010 (2) | −0.001 (2) |
C15 | 0.039 (4) | 0.026 (4) | 0.023 (3) | −0.003 (3) | −0.015 (3) | −0.003 (2) |
C16 | 0.042 (4) | 0.028 (4) | 0.027 (3) | −0.007 (3) | −0.016 (3) | −0.004 (3) |
C17 | 0.030 (4) | 0.024 (4) | 0.019 (3) | 0.002 (3) | −0.010 (2) | −0.008 (2) |
C18 | 0.032 (4) | 0.024 (4) | 0.026 (3) | 0.000 (3) | −0.015 (3) | −0.006 (3) |
Ho1—O1 | 2.267 (4) | C3—H3 | 0.9500 |
Ho1—O3i | 2.252 (3) | C4—C5 | 1.399 (8) |
Ho1—O4ii | 2.279 (4) | C4—H4 | 0.9500 |
Ho1—O5 | 2.389 (3) | C5—C11 | 1.387 (8) |
Ho1—O6 | 2.450 (4) | C5—C6 | 1.428 (7) |
Ho1—O1W | 2.370 (4) | C6—C7 | 1.359 (7) |
Ho1—O2W | 2.461 (4) | C6—H6 | 0.9500 |
Ho1—O3W | 2.366 (4) | C7—C9 | 1.372 (9) |
Ho1—C13 | 2.784 (5) | C7—C8 | 1.504 (7) |
O1W—H1A | 0.95 (4) | C9—C10 | 1.365 (8) |
O1W—H1B | 0.95 (4) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
O2W—H2A | 0.95 (4) | C10—C11 | 1.405 (8) |
O2W—H2B | 0.95 (4) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
O3W—H3A | 0.95 (4) | C11—C12 | 1.420 (7) |
O3W—H3B | 0.95 (4) | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
O1—C1 | 1.256 (6) | C13—C14 | 1.494 (7) |
O2—C1 | 1.262 (6) | C14—C18 | 1.378 (8) |
O3—C8 | 1.270 (6) | C14—C15 | 1.404 (8) |
O3—Ho1i | 2.252 (3) | C15—C16 | 1.352 (7) |
O4—C8 | 1.247 (7) | C15—H15 | 0.9500 |
O4—Ho1iii | 2.279 (4) | C16—C17 | 1.434 (8) |
O5—C13 | 1.275 (7) | C16—H16 | 0.9500 |
O6—C13 | 1.268 (7) | C17—C17iv | 1.407 (12) |
C1—C2 | 1.514 (7) | C17—C18iv | 1.421 (7) |
C2—C12 | 1.349 (7) | C18—C17iv | 1.421 (7) |
C2—C3 | 1.389 (9) | C18—H18 | 0.9500 |
C3—C4 | 1.379 (8) | ||
O1—Ho1—O4ii | 144.69 (15) | C12—C2—C1 | 120.6 (5) |
O1—Ho1—O5 | 98.23 (13) | C3—C2—C1 | 119.5 (5) |
O1—Ho1—O6 | 77.54 (13) | C4—C3—C2 | 120.2 (6) |
O1—Ho1—O1W | 72.71 (14) | C4—C3—H3 | 119.9 |
O1—Ho1—O2W | 142.57 (14) | C2—C3—H3 | 119.9 |
O1—Ho1—O3W | 76.58 (14) | C3—C4—C5 | 121.0 (7) |
O3i—Ho1—O1 | 101.02 (13) | C3—C4—H4 | 119.5 |
O3i—Ho1—O4ii | 96.82 (14) | C5—C4—H4 | 119.5 |
O3i—Ho1—O5 | 147.95 (14) | C11—C5—C4 | 118.4 (5) |
O3i—Ho1—O6 | 155.80 (14) | C11—C5—C6 | 119.3 (5) |
O3i—Ho1—O1W | 83.38 (14) | C4—C5—C6 | 122.2 (6) |
O3i—Ho1—O2W | 72.20 (13) | C7—C6—C5 | 121.0 (6) |
O3i—Ho1—O3W | 76.60 (14) | C7—C6—H6 | 119.5 |
O4ii—Ho1—O5 | 81.43 (13) | C5—C6—H6 | 119.5 |
O4ii—Ho1—O6 | 73.82 (13) | C6—C7—C9 | 119.2 (5) |
O4ii—Ho1—O1W | 140.01 (13) | C6—C7—C8 | 120.6 (5) |
O4ii—Ho1—O2W | 72.11 (13) | C9—C7—C8 | 120.2 (5) |
O4ii—Ho1—O3W | 78.31 (14) | O4—C8—O3 | 123.9 (5) |
O5—Ho1—O6 | 54.22 (13) | O4—C8—C7 | 118.8 (5) |
O5—Ho1—O2W | 76.91 (13) | O3—C8—C7 | 117.3 (5) |
O6—Ho1—O2W | 123.35 (12) | C10—C9—C7 | 121.1 (6) |
O1W—Ho1—O5 | 78.18 (13) | C10—C9—H9 | 119.5 |
O1W—Ho1—O6 | 118.31 (14) | C7—C9—H9 | 119.5 |
O1W—Ho1—O2W | 69.97 (13) | C9—C10—C11 | 121.6 (7) |
O3W—Ho1—O5 | 133.18 (14) | C9—C10—H10 | 119.2 |
O3W—Ho1—O6 | 79.62 (14) | C11—C10—H10 | 119.2 |
O3W—Ho1—O2W | 133.39 (14) | C5—C11—C10 | 117.6 (5) |
O3W—Ho1—O1W | 139.08 (13) | C5—C11—C12 | 119.6 (5) |
O3i—Ho1—C13 | 170.11 (14) | C10—C11—C12 | 122.7 (6) |
O1—Ho1—C13 | 88.87 (14) | C2—C12—C11 | 120.9 (6) |
O4ii—Ho1—C13 | 74.78 (15) | C2—C12—H12 | 119.6 |
O3W—Ho1—C13 | 106.20 (17) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.6 |
O1W—Ho1—C13 | 99.61 (15) | O6—C13—O5 | 120.3 (5) |
O5—Ho1—C13 | 27.19 (15) | O6—C13—C14 | 119.5 (5) |
O6—Ho1—C13 | 27.09 (15) | O5—C13—C14 | 120.2 (5) |
O2W—Ho1—C13 | 99.84 (15) | O6—C13—Ho1 | 61.6 (3) |
Ho1—O1W—H1A | 122 (3) | O5—C13—Ho1 | 58.9 (2) |
Ho1—O1W—H1B | 121 (3) | C14—C13—Ho1 | 173.3 (4) |
H1A—O1W—H1B | 108 (4) | C18—C14—C15 | 120.6 (5) |
Ho1—O2W—H2A | 103 (3) | C18—C14—C13 | 118.3 (5) |
Ho1—O2W—H2B | 113 (4) | C15—C14—C13 | 121.1 (5) |
H2A—O2W—H2B | 110 (4) | C16—C15—C14 | 120.8 (6) |
Ho1—O3W—H3A | 129 (3) | C16—C15—H15 | 119.6 |
Ho1—O3W—H3B | 120 (3) | C14—C15—H15 | 119.6 |
H3A—O3W—H3B | 110 (4) | C15—C16—C17 | 120.4 (6) |
C1—O1—Ho1 | 155.6 (4) | C15—C16—H16 | 119.8 |
C8—O3—Ho1i | 138.9 (4) | C17—C16—H16 | 119.8 |
C8—O4—Ho1iii | 154.8 (3) | C17iv—C17—C18iv | 119.4 (6) |
C13—O5—Ho1 | 93.9 (3) | C17iv—C17—C16 | 118.9 (6) |
C13—O6—Ho1 | 91.3 (3) | C18iv—C17—C16 | 121.7 (6) |
O1—C1—O2 | 124.8 (5) | C14—C18—C17iv | 119.8 (6) |
O1—C1—C2 | 117.0 (5) | C14—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
O2—C1—C2 | 118.2 (5) | C17iv—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
C12—C2—C3 | 119.8 (5) | ||
O3i—Ho1—O1—C1 | 131.2 (9) | C6—C7—C8—O3 | 169.4 (5) |
O4ii—Ho1—O1—C1 | −109.8 (9) | C9—C7—C8—O3 | −12.2 (9) |
O3W—Ho1—O1—C1 | −155.6 (9) | C6—C7—C9—C10 | 3.3 (13) |
O1W—Ho1—O1—C1 | 51.8 (9) | C8—C7—C9—C10 | −175.1 (8) |
O5—Ho1—O1—C1 | −23.0 (9) | C7—C9—C10—C11 | −1.3 (16) |
O6—Ho1—O1—C1 | −73.4 (9) | C4—C5—C11—C10 | −178.5 (9) |
O2W—Ho1—O1—C1 | 56.2 (9) | C6—C5—C11—C10 | 4.2 (10) |
C13—Ho1—O1—C1 | −48.6 (9) | C4—C5—C11—C12 | 2.8 (10) |
O3i—Ho1—O5—C13 | 162.5 (3) | C6—C5—C11—C12 | −174.5 (6) |
O1—Ho1—O5—C13 | −71.0 (3) | C9—C10—C11—C5 | −2.5 (14) |
O4ii—Ho1—O5—C13 | 73.3 (3) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | 176.2 (9) |
O3W—Ho1—O5—C13 | 8.3 (4) | C3—C2—C12—C11 | −0.5 (10) |
O1W—Ho1—O5—C13 | −141.3 (3) | C1—C2—C12—C11 | 175.6 (6) |
O6—Ho1—O5—C13 | −2.9 (3) | C5—C11—C12—C2 | −1.6 (10) |
O2W—Ho1—O5—C13 | 146.8 (3) | C10—C11—C12—C2 | 179.7 (7) |
O3i—Ho1—O6—C13 | −158.0 (3) | Ho1—O6—C13—O5 | −5.1 (5) |
O1—Ho1—O6—C13 | 112.8 (3) | Ho1—O6—C13—C14 | 172.4 (4) |
O4ii—Ho1—O6—C13 | −88.1 (3) | Ho1—O5—C13—O6 | 5.3 (5) |
O3W—Ho1—O6—C13 | −168.8 (3) | Ho1—O5—C13—C14 | −172.3 (4) |
O1W—Ho1—O6—C13 | 50.5 (3) | O1—Ho1—C13—O6 | −64.2 (3) |
O5—Ho1—O6—C13 | 2.9 (3) | O4ii—Ho1—C13—O6 | 84.1 (3) |
O2W—Ho1—O6—C13 | −33.1 (4) | O3W—Ho1—C13—O6 | 11.5 (3) |
Ho1—O1—C1—O2 | 32.9 (12) | O1W—Ho1—C13—O6 | −136.5 (3) |
Ho1—O1—C1—C2 | −144.8 (7) | O5—Ho1—C13—O6 | −174.8 (5) |
O1—C1—C2—C12 | −16.9 (8) | O2W—Ho1—C13—O6 | 152.4 (3) |
O2—C1—C2—C12 | 165.2 (5) | O1—Ho1—C13—O5 | 110.6 (3) |
O1—C1—C2—C3 | 159.2 (6) | O4ii—Ho1—C13—O5 | −101.0 (3) |
O2—C1—C2—C3 | −18.7 (9) | O3W—Ho1—C13—O5 | −173.7 (3) |
C12—C2—C3—C4 | 1.3 (13) | O1W—Ho1—C13—O5 | 38.4 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −174.8 (8) | O6—Ho1—C13—O5 | 174.8 (5) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.1 (15) | O2W—Ho1—C13—O5 | −32.8 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C11 | −2.0 (14) | O6—C13—C14—C18 | −162.7 (5) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 175.3 (8) | O5—C13—C14—C18 | 14.9 (8) |
C11—C5—C6—C7 | −2.3 (10) | O6—C13—C14—C15 | 15.6 (8) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −179.5 (8) | O5—C13—C14—C15 | −166.9 (5) |
C5—C6—C7—C9 | −1.6 (10) | C18—C14—C15—C16 | 2.0 (9) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 176.9 (5) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | −176.2 (5) |
Ho1iii—O4—C8—O3 | −23.0 (12) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | 0.4 (9) |
Ho1iii—O4—C8—C7 | 158.7 (6) | C15—C16—C17—C17iv | −1.9 (11) |
Ho1i—O3—C8—O4 | −57.1 (8) | C15—C16—C17—C18iv | 179.1 (6) |
Ho1i—O3—C8—C7 | 121.2 (5) | C15—C14—C18—C17iv | −2.9 (9) |
C6—C7—C8—O4 | −12.2 (8) | C13—C14—C18—C17iv | 175.4 (5) |
C9—C7—C8—O4 | 166.2 (7) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (ii) x+1, y, z−1; (iii) x−1, y, z+1; (iv) −x+2, −y+1, −z−1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1W—H1A···O2v | 0.95 (4) | 1.82 (2) | 2.725 (5) | 157 (5) |
O1W—H1B···O5v | 0.95 (4) | 1.95 (3) | 2.818 (5) | 150 (4) |
O2W—H2A···O2vi | 0.95 (4) | 1.98 (4) | 2.782 (5) | 140 (5) |
O2W—H2B···O2v | 0.95 (4) | 2.14 (4) | 2.901 (6) | 136 (4) |
O3W—H3A···O6vii | 0.95 (4) | 1.78 (4) | 2.704 (5) | 165 (5) |
O3W—H3B···O2Wviii | 0.95 (4) | 2.26 (4) | 3.181 (6) | 165 (4) |
O3W—H3B···O4i | 0.95 (4) | 2.53 (5) | 3.145 (6) | 123 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (v) −x+2, −y+1, −z; (vi) x+1, y, z; (vii) −x+2, −y, −z; (viii) −x+3, −y, −z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Ho2(C12H6O4)3(H2O)6] |
Mr | 540.23 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 180 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.8856 (3), 9.6537 (5), 12.5438 (6) |
α, β, γ (°) | 75.191 (2), 74.224 (2), 75.352 (2) |
V (Å3) | 870.98 (7) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 4.60 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.10 × 0.05 × 0.05 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius Kappa CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.730, 0.796 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 11608, 3987, 3135 |
Rint | 0.067 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.651 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.043, 0.079, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 3987 |
No. of parameters | 271 |
No. of restraints | 9 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 1.51, −1.50 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius 1998), HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), HKL DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997), SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994), SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001), DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006).
Ho1—O1 | 2.267 (4) | Ho1—O6 | 2.450 (4) |
Ho1—O3i | 2.252 (3) | Ho1—O1W | 2.370 (4) |
Ho1—O4ii | 2.279 (4) | Ho1—O2W | 2.461 (4) |
Ho1—O5 | 2.389 (3) | Ho1—O3W | 2.366 (4) |
O1—Ho1—O4ii | 144.69 (15) | O4ii—Ho1—O6 | 73.82 (13) |
O1—Ho1—O5 | 98.23 (13) | O4ii—Ho1—O1W | 140.01 (13) |
O1—Ho1—O6 | 77.54 (13) | O4ii—Ho1—O2W | 72.11 (13) |
O1—Ho1—O1W | 72.71 (14) | O4ii—Ho1—O3W | 78.31 (14) |
O1—Ho1—O2W | 142.57 (14) | O5—Ho1—O6 | 54.22 (13) |
O1—Ho1—O3W | 76.58 (14) | O5—Ho1—O2W | 76.91 (13) |
O3i—Ho1—O1 | 101.02 (13) | O6—Ho1—O2W | 123.35 (12) |
O3i—Ho1—O4ii | 96.82 (14) | O1W—Ho1—O5 | 78.18 (13) |
O3i—Ho1—O5 | 147.95 (14) | O1W—Ho1—O6 | 118.31 (14) |
O3i—Ho1—O6 | 155.80 (14) | O1W—Ho1—O2W | 69.97 (13) |
O3i—Ho1—O1W | 83.38 (14) | O3W—Ho1—O5 | 133.18 (14) |
O3i—Ho1—O2W | 72.20 (13) | O3W—Ho1—O6 | 79.62 (14) |
O3i—Ho1—O3W | 76.60 (14) | O3W—Ho1—O2W | 133.39 (14) |
O4ii—Ho1—O5 | 81.43 (13) | O3W—Ho1—O1W | 139.08 (13) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (ii) x+1, y, z−1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1W—H1A···O2iii | 0.95 (4) | 1.82 (2) | 2.725 (5) | 157 (5) |
O1W—H1B···O5iii | 0.95 (4) | 1.95 (3) | 2.818 (5) | 150 (4) |
O2W—H2A···O2iv | 0.95 (4) | 1.98 (4) | 2.782 (5) | 140 (5) |
O2W—H2B···O2iii | 0.95 (4) | 2.14 (4) | 2.901 (6) | 136 (4) |
O3W—H3A···O6v | 0.95 (4) | 1.78 (4) | 2.704 (5) | 165 (5) |
O3W—H3B···O2Wvi | 0.95 (4) | 2.26 (4) | 3.181 (6) | 165 (4) |
O3W—H3B···O4i | 0.95 (4) | 2.53 (5) | 3.145 (6) | 123 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (iii) −x+2, −y+1, −z; (iv) x+1, y, z; (v) −x+2, −y, −z; (vi) −x+3, −y, −z. |
In less than twenty years, the field of Crystal Engineering involving the synthesis and characterization of multi-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (also known as coordination polymers) has grown immensely to become one of the most active research areas in inorganic chemistry. These worldwide efforts are motivated by the new and often striking structural features obtained by varying the metal centres and the bridging organic ligands, and by the prospect of making materials with direct industrial applications. Following our efforts in the hydrothermal synthesis and structural characterization of highly crystalline materials of this kind, (Cunha-Silva, Mafra et al., 2007; Cunha-Silva, Shi et al., 2007; Shi et al., 2007; Mafra et al., 2006; Shi et al., 2006; Paz, Rocha, Klinowski et al., 2005; Almeida Paz, Shi, Mafra et al., 2005; Almeida Paz, Shi, Trindade et al., 2005; Shi et al., 2005; Paz & Klinowski, 2004; Paz & Klinowski, 2003; Almeida Paz et al. 2002a, 2002b, 2002c), we report here the low temperature crystal structure at 180 (2) K of a two-dimensional lanthanide-organic framework containing residues of naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (H2NDC), [Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6], which is analogous to that reported by Deluzet et al. (2003) but containing instead Er3+, [Er2(NDC)3(H2O)6]. A search in the literature and in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, Version 5.28 with three updates - August 2007; Allen, 2002; Allen & Motherwell, 2002) produced only a handful of reports in which lanthanide centres are coordinated to H2 - xNDC-x residues (Zheng, Sun et al., 2004; Zheng, Wang et al., 2004; Paz & Klinowski, 2003; Wang et al., 2002; Min & Lee, 2002).
The structure of the title compound, I, contains a single crystallographically independent metallic centre, Ho1, coordinated to three water molecules (O1W, O2W and O3W) and four NDC2-bridging ligands (Figure 1a), with a {HoO8} coordination geometry resembling a highly distorted dodecahedron (Figure 1 b). The Ho—O bond lengths were found in the 2.252 (3)–2.461 (4) Å range,in good agreement with those of related materials as revealed by a search in the CSD. The three crystallographically independent carboxylate groups coordinate to the Ho3+ centres in distinct coordination fashions as shown in Figure 1a. Notably, the C8 carboxylate group is coordinated via a typical syn,syn-µ2-bridging coordination fashion leading to the formation of binuclear centrosymmetric anionic [Ho2(NDC)6(H2O)6]6- unit (Figure 1) with the Ho(1)···Ho(1)vi intermetallic distance being of 5.0172 (4) Å [symmetry code: (vi) 3 - x, -y, -z]. While the C1 carboxylate group is coordinated via a syn-unidentate coordination fashion, the C13 carboxylate is instead bound to Ho1 via a typical syn,syn-chelate bidentate mode with a bite angle of 54.22 (13)°.
{Ho2O2(CO2)4(H2O)6} cores are interconnected via the bridging NDC2-ligands into an inclined two-dimensional plane net (Figure 2). By taking the centre of gravity of each binuclear centrosymmetric anionic [Ho2(NDC)6(H2O)6]6- unit as a node of the network, the resulting ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] plane net has a typical (4,4) topology with the inter-nodal distances being of 12.8742 (6) Å and 16.3127 (6) Å. As shown in Figures 3a and 3 b, individual ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] plane nets close pack in a parallel fashion (not along a principal axis of the unit cell) to produce the crystal structure. Along the [010] crystallographic direction the packing occurs in an orderly ABAB··· fashion (Figure 3 b). Connections between adjacent layers are mainly assured by strong and highly directional O—H···.O hydrogen bonds involving the O2W and O3W coordinated water molecules from one layer and the coordinated carboxylate groups from the neighbouring layer (Figure 4 and Table in the main paper summarizing the geometrical parameters of the hydrogen bonding interactions). Moreover, these connections are reinforced by weak C—H···π interactions between coordinated NDC2- residues belonging to adjacent layers (not shown). It is important to stress that, within each ∞2[Ho2(NDC)3(H2O)6] layer, O1W is also engaged in strong O—H···.O hydrogen bonds which reinforce the connections between neighbouring binuclear units (Figure 4).