N-(3,5-Dichloro­phen­yl)benzene­sulfonamide

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C₁₂H₉Cl₂NO₂S, the aromatic rings are aligned at 57.0 (1)°. The mol­ecules form chains via inter­molecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Key indicators

• Single-crystal X-ray study
• T = 299 K
• Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.005 Å
• R factor = 0.057
• wR factor = 0.156
• Data-to-parameter ratio = 13.8

checkCIF/PLATON results

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Alert level C
            Value of measurement temperature given =   299.000
            Value of melting point given =     0.000
PLAT230_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff for    C3     --  C4      ..       5.70 su
PLAT340_ALERT_3_C Low Bond Precision on C-C Bonds (x 1000) Ang ...          5
PLAT234_ALERT_4_C Large Hirshfeld Difference C4     --  C5      ..       0.11  Ang.

Alert level G
PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints .......          1

   0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem
   0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem
   3 ALERT level C = Check and explain
   1 ALERT level G = General alerts; check

   0 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
   1 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
   2 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
   1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
   0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

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S1. Comment

As part of a study of the substituent effects on the crystal structures of N-(aryl)-benzenesulfonamides (Gowda et al., 2008a,b), in the present work, the structure of N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)- benzenesulfonamide (N35DCPBSA) has been determined. The conformations of the N—H and S═O bonds in N35DCPBSA are trans to each other (Fig.1), similar to that observed in N-(3-chlorophenyl)- benzenesulfonamide (N3CPBSA) (Gowda et al., 2008b). The two benzene rings in N35DCPBSA form a dihedral angle of 57.0 (1)°, compared with the value of 65.4 (1)° in N3CPBSA (Gowda et al., 2008b). The other bond parameters in N35DCPBSA are also similar to those observed in N3CPBSA and other N-(aryl)-benzenesulfonamides (Gelbrich et al., 2007; Gowda et al., 2008a,b; Tkachev et al., 2006). The packing diagram of N35DCPBSA showing the N—H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 1) is shown in Fig. 2.

Related literature

For the structural systematics of 4,4'-disubstituted aryl benzenesulfonamides, see: Gelbrich et al. (2007). For mono- and di-substituted-aryl benzenesulfonamides, see: Gowda et al. (2008a,b); Tkachev et al. (2006). For the spectroscopic analysis of the title compound, see: Shetty & Gowda (2005).

S2. Experimental

The solution of benzene (10 cc) in chloroform (40 cc) was treated dropwise with chlorosulfonic acid (25 cc) at 0 ° C. After the initial evolution of hydrogen chloride subsided, the reaction mixture was brought to room temperature and poured into crushed ice in a beaker. The chloroform layer was separated, washed with cold water and allowed to evaporate slowly. The residual benzenesulfonylchloride was treated with 3,5-dichloroaniline in the stoichiometric ratio and boiled for ten minutes. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room temperature and added to ice cold water (100 cc). The resultant solid N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-benzenesulfonamide was filtered under suction and washed thoroughly with cold water. It was then recrystallized to constant melting point from dilute ethanol. The purity of the compound was checked and characterized by recording its infrared and NMR spectra (Shetty & Gowda, 2005). The single crystals used in X-ray diffraction studies were grown in ethanolic solution by evaporating it at room temperature.

S3. Refinement

The H atom of the NH group was located in a diffrerence map and later restrained to the distance 0.86 (1) Å

The other H atoms were positioned with idealized geometry using a riding model with C—H = 0.93 Å. All H atoms were refined with isotropic displacement parameters (set to 1.2 times of the U_eq of the parent atom).

Computing details

Data collection: CAD-4-PC (Enraf–Nonius, 1996); cell refinement: CAD-4-PC (Enraf–Nonius, 1996); data reduction: REDU4 (Stoe & Cie, 1987); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2003); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures

	Fig. 1. Molecular structure of the title compound, showing the atom labeling scheme. The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. The H atoms are represented as small spheres of arbitrary radii.
	Fig. 2. Molecular packing of the title compound with hydrogen bonding shown as dashed lines.

N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide

Crystal data

C12H9Cl2NO2S	F(000) = 616
Mr = 302.16	Dx = 1.548 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54180 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc	Cell parameters from 25 reflections
a = 8.299 (2) Å	θ = 5.4–19.4°
b = 7.215 (1) Å	µ = 5.96 mm^−1
c = 21.954 (3) Å	T = 299 K
β = 99.49 (1)°	Prism, colourless
V = 1296.6 (4) Å^3	0.50 × 0.50 × 0.25 mm
Z = 4

Data collection

Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer	2153 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	Rint = 0.050
Graphite monochromator	θmax = 67.0°, θmin = 4.1°
ω/2θ scans	h = −9→1
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968)	k = 0→8
Tmin = 0.129, Tmax = 0.229	l = −26→26
2518 measured reflections	3 standard reflections every 120 min
2311 independent reflections	intensity decay: 1.0%

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.057	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F^2) = 0.156	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0987P)^2 + 0.7373P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
S = 1.10	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
2311 reflections	Δρmax = 0.59 e Å^−3
167 parameters	Δρmin = −0.38 e Å^−3
1 restraint	Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc^*=kFc[1+0.001xFc^2λ^3/sin(2θ)]^-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods	Extinction coefficient: 0.0105 (11)

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F² against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The threshold expression of F² > σ(F²) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
C1	0.3043 (3)	0.1779 (4)	0.79280 (13)	0.0445 (6)
C2	0.4358 (4)	0.1697 (5)	0.84058 (17)	0.0604 (8)
H2	0.4201	0.1476	0.8809	0.072*
C3	0.5911 (4)	0.1953 (6)	0.8269 (2)	0.0783 (12)
H3	0.6811	0.1914	0.8584	0.094*
C4	0.6130 (4)	0.2267 (6)	0.7670 (2)	0.0773 (11)
H4	0.7180	0.2427	0.7582	0.093*
C5	0.4818 (5)	0.2344 (5)	0.7202 (2)	0.0746 (10)
H5	0.4980	0.2547	0.6798	0.090*
C6	0.3257 (4)	0.2121 (4)	0.73293 (15)	0.0562 (7)
H6	0.2360	0.2200	0.7015	0.067*
C7	0.1252 (3)	0.3838 (4)	0.90059 (11)	0.0400 (6)
C8	0.2051 (4)	0.5522 (4)	0.90920 (13)	0.0484 (6)
H8	0.2132	0.6288	0.8758	0.058*
C9	0.2725 (4)	0.6041 (4)	0.96827 (15)	0.0558 (7)
C10	0.2645 (4)	0.4935 (4)	1.01861 (14)	0.0590 (8)
H10	0.3122	0.5293	1.0582	0.071*
C11	0.1830 (4)	0.3278 (4)	1.00819 (13)	0.0534 (7)
C12	0.1118 (3)	0.2699 (4)	0.95062 (12)	0.0480 (6)
H12	0.0561	0.1577	0.9451	0.058*
N1	0.0494 (3)	0.3297 (3)	0.84009 (10)	0.0441 (5)
H1N	0.038 (4)	0.418 (3)	0.8138 (12)	0.053*
O1	−0.0021 (3)	0.1298 (3)	0.74998 (9)	0.0527 (5)
O2	0.1112 (3)	−0.0066 (3)	0.85135 (10)	0.0574 (6)
Cl1	0.37237 (16)	0.81541 (13)	0.97944 (5)	0.0927 (4)
Cl2	0.16462 (15)	0.18752 (15)	1.07089 (4)	0.0834 (4)
S1	0.10584 (7)	0.14095 (9)	0.80800 (3)	0.0412 (3)

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
C1	0.0475 (14)	0.0400 (13)	0.0467 (15)	0.0019 (11)	0.0101 (11)	0.0007 (11)
C2	0.0571 (17)	0.0615 (19)	0.0589 (19)	0.0079 (14)	−0.0009 (14)	−0.0049 (15)
C3	0.0517 (18)	0.065 (2)	0.111 (3)	0.0057 (15)	−0.0071 (19)	−0.014 (2)
C4	0.0560 (19)	0.063 (2)	0.117 (4)	0.0031 (16)	0.029 (2)	0.001 (2)
C5	0.079 (2)	0.064 (2)	0.091 (3)	−0.0014 (18)	0.044 (2)	0.0114 (19)
C6	0.0619 (17)	0.0556 (17)	0.0535 (17)	0.0004 (14)	0.0161 (13)	0.0070 (13)
C7	0.0447 (13)	0.0413 (13)	0.0349 (12)	0.0025 (10)	0.0088 (10)	−0.0039 (10)
C8	0.0581 (15)	0.0404 (14)	0.0465 (14)	0.0000 (12)	0.0079 (12)	0.0033 (12)
C9	0.0631 (17)	0.0424 (15)	0.0585 (17)	−0.0015 (13)	0.0001 (13)	−0.0043 (13)
C10	0.078 (2)	0.0531 (17)	0.0426 (15)	0.0025 (15)	0.0004 (14)	−0.0087 (13)
C11	0.0701 (18)	0.0540 (16)	0.0379 (14)	0.0049 (14)	0.0141 (13)	0.0020 (12)
C12	0.0593 (16)	0.0466 (15)	0.0405 (14)	−0.0057 (12)	0.0157 (12)	−0.0028 (11)
N1	0.0547 (13)	0.0423 (12)	0.0350 (12)	0.0020 (10)	0.0064 (9)	−0.0004 (9)
O1	0.0548 (11)	0.0586 (12)	0.0427 (11)	−0.0059 (9)	0.0021 (8)	−0.0107 (9)
O2	0.0838 (15)	0.0415 (11)	0.0499 (11)	−0.0053 (10)	0.0199 (10)	0.0058 (8)
Cl1	0.1209 (9)	0.0518 (5)	0.0915 (8)	−0.0250 (5)	−0.0236 (6)	−0.0022 (4)
Cl2	0.1333 (9)	0.0798 (7)	0.0393 (5)	−0.0122 (6)	0.0204 (5)	0.0085 (4)
S1	0.0495 (4)	0.0384 (4)	0.0359 (4)	−0.0042 (2)	0.0076 (3)	−0.0018 (2)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

C1—C6	1.377 (4)	C7—N1	1.427 (3)
C1—C2	1.385 (4)	C8—C9	1.377 (4)
C1—S1	1.754 (3)	C8—H8	0.9300
C2—C3	1.383 (5)	C9—C10	1.374 (5)
C2—H2	0.9300	C9—Cl1	1.734 (3)
C3—C4	1.376 (6)	C10—C11	1.374 (5)
C3—H3	0.9300	C10—H10	0.9300
C4—C5	1.370 (6)	C11—C12	1.369 (4)
C4—H4	0.9300	C11—Cl2	1.736 (3)
C5—C6	1.379 (5)	C12—H12	0.9300
C5—H5	0.9300	N1—S1	1.637 (2)
C6—H6	0.9300	N1—H1N	0.856 (10)
C7—C8	1.382 (4)	O1—S1	1.433 (2)
C7—C12	1.391 (4)	O2—S1	1.424 (2)
C6—C1—C2	121.4 (3)	C7—C8—H8	120.7
C6—C1—S1	118.8 (2)	C10—C9—C8	122.3 (3)
C2—C1—S1	119.8 (2)	C10—C9—Cl1	118.9 (2)
C3—C2—C1	118.5 (4)	C8—C9—Cl1	118.9 (2)
C3—C2—H2	120.8	C11—C10—C9	117.3 (3)
C1—C2—H2	120.8	C11—C10—H10	121.3
C4—C3—C2	120.3 (4)	C9—C10—H10	121.3
C4—C3—H3	119.9	C12—C11—C10	123.0 (3)
C2—C3—H3	119.9	C12—C11—Cl2	118.2 (2)
C5—C4—C3	120.6 (3)	C10—C11—Cl2	118.7 (2)
C5—C4—H4	119.7	C11—C12—C7	118.0 (3)
C3—C4—H4	119.7	C11—C12—H12	121.0
C4—C5—C6	120.0 (4)	C7—C12—H12	121.0
C4—C5—H5	120.0	C7—N1—S1	120.98 (18)
C6—C5—H5	120.0	C7—N1—H1N	114 (2)
C1—C6—C5	119.2 (3)	S1—N1—H1N	110 (2)
C1—C6—H6	120.4	O2—S1—O1	119.87 (14)
C5—C6—H6	120.4	O2—S1—N1	108.29 (12)
C8—C7—C12	120.7 (2)	O1—S1—N1	104.34 (12)
C8—C7—N1	119.7 (2)	O2—S1—C1	108.30 (14)
C12—C7—N1	119.5 (2)	O1—S1—C1	107.97 (13)
C9—C8—C7	118.6 (3)	N1—S1—C1	107.45 (13)
C9—C8—H8	120.7
C6—C1—C2—C3	−0.5 (5)	C10—C11—C12—C7	1.0 (5)
S1—C1—C2—C3	178.6 (3)	Cl2—C11—C12—C7	179.2 (2)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.5 (5)	C8—C7—C12—C11	−1.4 (4)
C2—C3—C4—C5	0.5 (6)	N1—C7—C12—C11	−178.6 (3)
C3—C4—C5—C6	0.5 (6)	C8—C7—N1—S1	119.8 (2)
C2—C1—C6—C5	1.5 (5)	C12—C7—N1—S1	−62.9 (3)
S1—C1—C6—C5	−177.6 (3)	C7—N1—S1—O2	48.5 (2)
C4—C5—C6—C1	−1.5 (5)	C7—N1—S1—O1	177.3 (2)
C12—C7—C8—C9	0.6 (4)	C7—N1—S1—C1	−68.3 (2)
N1—C7—C8—C9	177.8 (3)	C6—C1—S1—O2	138.8 (2)
C7—C8—C9—C10	0.7 (5)	C2—C1—S1—O2	−40.3 (3)
C7—C8—C9—Cl1	−179.8 (2)	C6—C1—S1—O1	7.6 (3)
C8—C9—C10—C11	−1.2 (5)	C2—C1—S1—O1	−171.5 (2)
Cl1—C9—C10—C11	179.4 (3)	C6—C1—S1—N1	−104.5 (2)
C9—C10—C11—C12	0.3 (5)	C2—C1—S1—N1	76.5 (3)
C9—C10—C11—Cl2	−178.0 (3)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N1—H1N···O1^i	0.86 (1)	2.06 (1)	2.915 (3)	178 (3)

Symmetry code: (i) −x, y+1/2, −z+3/2.