2-(4-Amino-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylmeth­yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

The title compound, C₁₁H₉N₅O₂S, was synthesized from N-phthaloylglycine and thio­carbohydrazide by the fusion method. This is the first report of a triazole derivative of N-phthaloylglycine. The title compound exists in the thione form. The mol­ecule is non-planar, with a dihedral angle between the isoindoline ring system and the triazole ring system of 82.24 (5)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular hydrogen bonding linking the mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network.

Key indicators

• Single-crystal X-ray study
• T = 100 K
• Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.003 Å
• R factor = 0.029
• wR factor = 0.070
• Data-to-parameter ratio = 12.8

checkCIF/PLATON results

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Datablock: I


Alert level C
PLAT152_ALERT_1_C Supplied and Calc Volume s.u. Inconsistent .....          ?

Alert level G
REFLT03_ALERT_4_G Please check that the estimate of the number of Friedel pairs is
            correct. If it is not, please give the correct count in the
            _publ_section_exptl_refinement section of the submitted CIF.
           From the CIF: _diffrn_reflns_theta_max           26.36
           From the CIF: _reflns_number_total               2361
           Count of symmetry unique reflns         1270
           Completeness (_total/calc)            185.91%
           TEST3: Check Friedels for noncentro structure
           Estimate of Friedel pairs measured      1091
           Fraction of Friedel pairs measured     0.859
           Are heavy atom types Z>Si present        yes
PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints .......          1

   0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem
   0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem
   1 ALERT level C = Check and explain
   2 ALERT level G = General alerts; check

   1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
   0 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
   1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
   1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
   0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

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S1. Comment

Phthalimide and its derivatives such as N-phthaloylamino acids are used for the synthesis of peptide bonds in solid phase synthesis (Eugenio et al., 2004; Chandrasekhar et al., 1999). Such phthalimide derivatives undergo photochemical reactions such as photochemical decomposition and decarboxylation (Görner et al., 2002). Moreover N-phthaloylamino acids and their derivatives possess a wide range of biological activities such as hypolipidemic (Neto et al., 1993) analgesic (Antunes et al., 1998) antimicrobial (Matijević-Sosa & Cvetnić, 2005) and DNA cleaving abilities (Brana & Ramos, 2001). Among the N-phthaloylamino acids, N-phthaloylglycine has been the most widely studied. Such studies include cleavage of N-phthaloylglycine with various amines (Khan & Ismail, 2002), metal complexes with interesting supramolecular structures (Barooah et al., 2006b) and adduct formation of N-phthaloylglycine with various aromatic amines and hydroxyl-aromatics (Barooah et al., 2006a). The heterocyclic derivatives of N-phthaloylglycine are also reported in literature such as oxadiazole (Antunes et al., 1998) and benzoxazinone (Shariat & Abdollahi, 2004). Keeping in view the importance of structural and biological aspects of N-phthaloylamino acids, the present work is aiming to incorporate 1,2,4-triazole ring with N-phthaloylglycine moiety. To the best of our knowledge this is the first crystal structure report on the 1,2,4-triazole derivative of N-phthaloylglycine.

The crystallographic analysis demonstrates that the title compound (I) exists as the thione form rather than the thiol as shown in scheme 1 and Fig. 1. The triazole ring is essentially planar. The C?S bond length [1.6758 (19) Å] is slightly longer than a pure double bond [1.61 Å] (Allen et al., 1987) and is comparable with analogous compounds (Zhang et al., 2004; Xu et al.,2005). The CN bond distances of the triazole ring are in the range 1.297 (2)–1.374 (2) Å in which the N4—C10 bond shows double bond character. The other CN bonds have values intermediate between those expected for single and double C—N bonds [1.47 and 1.27 Å respectively (Allen et al., 1987)] among which the N2—C11 bond length is slightly longer than that of N3—C11 (Wang et al., 1998). The NN bond lengths and all bond angles in triazole ring show no significant difference when compared to analogous compounds.

The phthalimide is also planar and all bond lengths and angles in the phthalimide ring are within normal ranges (Ng, 1992). The dihedral angle between the isoindoline and triazole ring systems is 82.24 (5)°, indicating the nonplanarity of the molecule as a whole.

The molecules are linked into pairs by the intermolecular hydrogen bond N5—H5N···S1 (symmetry equivalent x + 1/2, -y + 3/2, z) and then into sheets by the N3—H3N···O1 (-x, -y + 1, z - 1/2) contact, and finally into a three-dimensional network by the hydrogen bonds N5—H5M···O2 (symmetry equivalent x - 1, y, z) linking the sheets in the a direction.

Related literature

For related literature, see: Allen et al. (1987); Antunes et al. (1998); Barooah et al. (2006a,b); Brana & Ramos (2001); Chandrasekhar et al. (1999); Eugenio, et al. (2004); Görner et al. (2002); Khan & Ismail (2002); Matijević-Sosa & Cvetnić (2005); Neto et al. (1993); Ng (1992); Shariat & Abdollahi (2004); Wang et al. (1998); Xu et al. (2005), Zhang et al. (2004).

S2. Experimental

The title compound (I) was synthesized by the reaction of N-phthaloylglycine and thiocarbohydrazide by the fusion method. A mixture of N-phthaloylglycine (0.01 mol) and thiocarbohydrazide (0.01 mol) contained in a round bottom flask was heated until the contents melted. The mixture was kept at this temperature for 25–30 min. after cooling to room temperature the mixture was triturated with methanol and the solid obtained was filtered, washed with methanol and recrystallized from a mixture (1:1) of ethanol and acetonitrile to obtain suitable crystals for x-ray analysis.

S3. Refinement

H atoms bonded to C were included in calculated positions with C—H distances ranging from 0.95–0.99 Å and U_eq 1.2 times those of the parent atoms; those bonded to N were found by difference Fourier techniques and refined isotropically. The absolute configuration was determined by refinement of the Flack parameter.

Computing details

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell refinement: SMART (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Version 6.12; Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Version 6.12; Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2003).

Figures

	Fig. 1. Plot of the title compound with ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability level.
	Fig. 2. Packing of the title compound viewed down a, showing hydrogen bonding contacts with dashed lines.

2-(4-Amino-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3- ylmethyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

Crystal data

C11H9N5O2S	F(000) = 568
Mr = 275.29	Dx = 1.556 Mg m^−3
Orthorhombic, Pna21	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: P2c-2n	Cell parameters from 934 reflections
a = 5.1961 (11) Å	θ = 3.6–26.4°
b = 19.952 (4) Å	µ = 0.28 mm^−1
c = 11.336 (3) Å	T = 100 K
V = 1175.2 (4) Å^3	Plate, colourless
Z = 4	0.60 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm

Data collection

Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer	2361 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	2281 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	Rint = 0.023
ϕ and ω scans	θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 2.0°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker 2001)	h = −6→6
Tmin = 0.849, Tmax = 0.946	k = −24→17
6288 measured reflections	l = −14→13

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.028	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F^2) = 0.069	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0413P)^2 + 0.1704P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
S = 1.04	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
2361 reflections	Δρmax = 0.30 e Å^−3
184 parameters	Δρmin = −0.16 e Å^−3
1 restraint	Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1091 Friedel pairs
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods	Absolute structure parameter: −0.04 (6)

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F² against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The threshold expression of F² > σ(F²) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
S1	−0.14861 (8)	0.68164 (2)	0.30015 (4)	0.01625 (11)
O1	0.1683 (2)	0.52047 (6)	0.66973 (11)	0.0180 (3)
O2	0.8375 (3)	0.66831 (7)	0.68855 (12)	0.0214 (3)
N1	0.5265 (3)	0.58747 (7)	0.65527 (13)	0.0147 (3)
N2	0.2503 (3)	0.63673 (7)	0.43781 (13)	0.0130 (3)
N3	0.1312 (3)	0.56622 (7)	0.30883 (15)	0.0158 (3)
H3N	0.051 (5)	0.5428 (11)	0.259 (2)	0.025 (6)*
N4	0.3250 (3)	0.53474 (8)	0.37168 (15)	0.0166 (3)
N5	0.2864 (3)	0.69419 (8)	0.50736 (16)	0.0154 (3)
H5M	0.141 (4)	0.6996 (11)	0.553 (2)	0.018 (6)*
H5N	0.297 (4)	0.7244 (11)	0.4569 (19)	0.012 (5)*
C1	0.3120 (3)	0.56238 (9)	0.71243 (16)	0.0150 (4)
C2	0.3011 (4)	0.59671 (9)	0.82861 (14)	0.0152 (4)
C3	0.1294 (4)	0.59041 (10)	0.92077 (16)	0.0182 (4)
H3	−0.0128	0.5606	0.9163	0.022*
C4	0.1732 (4)	0.62951 (10)	1.02058 (17)	0.0214 (4)
H4	0.0574	0.6265	1.0852	0.026*
C5	0.3824 (4)	0.67281 (10)	1.02788 (19)	0.0230 (5)
H5	0.4097	0.6980	1.0979	0.028*
C6	0.5528 (4)	0.67960 (9)	0.93312 (18)	0.0211 (4)
H6	0.6953	0.7093	0.9370	0.025*
C7	0.5063 (4)	0.64151 (9)	0.83394 (16)	0.0165 (4)
C8	0.6511 (3)	0.63748 (9)	0.72124 (18)	0.0176 (4)
C9	0.6033 (3)	0.56940 (10)	0.53675 (16)	0.0154 (4)
H9A	0.6560	0.5217	0.5358	0.018*
H9B	0.7544	0.5967	0.5138	0.018*
C10	0.3944 (3)	0.57960 (9)	0.44821 (17)	0.0147 (4)
C11	0.0778 (4)	0.62815 (9)	0.34723 (15)	0.0138 (4)

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
S1	0.0147 (2)	0.0187 (2)	0.0154 (2)	0.00169 (17)	−0.0019 (2)	−0.0004 (2)
O1	0.0184 (7)	0.0189 (6)	0.0168 (7)	−0.0046 (5)	0.0012 (5)	0.0002 (5)
O2	0.0170 (7)	0.0237 (7)	0.0234 (8)	−0.0047 (6)	−0.0012 (6)	0.0008 (6)
N1	0.0137 (8)	0.0169 (7)	0.0135 (8)	−0.0017 (6)	−0.0014 (6)	0.0016 (6)
N2	0.0128 (7)	0.0125 (7)	0.0136 (7)	−0.0016 (6)	0.0011 (6)	−0.0007 (6)
N3	0.0188 (7)	0.0143 (7)	0.0142 (8)	−0.0003 (6)	−0.0030 (7)	−0.0020 (7)
N4	0.0180 (8)	0.0166 (7)	0.0153 (8)	−0.0001 (6)	−0.0003 (6)	0.0009 (6)
N5	0.0194 (8)	0.0115 (7)	0.0153 (8)	−0.0002 (6)	0.0011 (7)	−0.0010 (6)
C1	0.0143 (9)	0.0160 (9)	0.0147 (9)	0.0023 (7)	−0.0003 (7)	0.0046 (7)
C2	0.0174 (9)	0.0145 (8)	0.0137 (9)	0.0034 (7)	−0.0024 (7)	0.0011 (7)
C3	0.0185 (9)	0.0198 (10)	0.0162 (10)	0.0043 (8)	0.0013 (7)	0.0038 (8)
C4	0.0258 (10)	0.0256 (11)	0.0130 (10)	0.0101 (8)	0.0028 (8)	0.0034 (8)
C5	0.0283 (12)	0.0221 (11)	0.0187 (11)	0.0083 (8)	−0.0055 (8)	−0.0035 (8)
C6	0.0217 (10)	0.0178 (10)	0.0238 (11)	0.0035 (8)	−0.0058 (9)	−0.0047 (8)
C7	0.0146 (9)	0.0158 (9)	0.0192 (9)	0.0025 (7)	−0.0044 (7)	0.0024 (7)
C8	0.0156 (9)	0.0163 (9)	0.0209 (10)	0.0009 (7)	−0.0049 (8)	0.0007 (7)
C9	0.0137 (9)	0.0179 (10)	0.0147 (9)	0.0006 (7)	0.0030 (7)	0.0015 (7)
C10	0.0158 (9)	0.0136 (9)	0.0148 (9)	−0.0017 (7)	0.0042 (7)	0.0015 (7)
C11	0.0141 (8)	0.0149 (9)	0.0123 (8)	−0.0039 (7)	0.0026 (7)	0.0009 (7)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

S1—C11	1.6758 (19)	C1—C2	1.486 (2)
O1—C1	1.221 (2)	C2—C3	1.379 (3)
O2—C8	1.206 (2)	C2—C7	1.393 (3)
N1—C1	1.383 (2)	C3—C4	1.393 (3)
N1—C8	1.405 (2)	C3—H3	0.9500
N1—C9	1.447 (2)	C4—C5	1.391 (3)
N2—C10	1.369 (2)	C4—H4	0.9500
N2—C11	1.374 (2)	C5—C6	1.399 (3)
N2—N5	1.404 (2)	C5—H5	0.9500
N3—C11	1.339 (2)	C6—C7	1.378 (3)
N3—N4	1.384 (2)	C6—H6	0.9500
N3—H3N	0.84 (2)	C7—C8	1.485 (3)
N4—C10	1.297 (2)	C9—C10	1.492 (3)
N5—H5M	0.92 (2)	C9—H9A	0.9900
N5—H5N	0.83 (2)	C9—H9B	0.9900
C1—N1—C8	112.26 (15)	C4—C5—C6	120.62 (18)
C1—N1—C9	124.53 (16)	C4—C5—H5	119.7
C8—N1—C9	122.97 (16)	C6—C5—H5	119.7
C10—N2—C11	108.51 (15)	C7—C6—C5	117.51 (19)
C10—N2—N5	123.96 (16)	C7—C6—H6	121.2
C11—N2—N5	127.49 (15)	C5—C6—H6	121.2
C11—N3—N4	113.71 (16)	C6—C7—C2	121.57 (18)
C11—N3—H3N	128.9 (17)	C6—C7—C8	130.00 (18)
N4—N3—H3N	116.8 (16)	C2—C7—C8	108.41 (15)
C10—N4—N3	103.49 (15)	O2—C8—N1	124.66 (19)
N2—N5—H5M	107.6 (14)	O2—C8—C7	130.08 (18)
N2—N5—H5N	102.3 (14)	N1—C8—C7	105.26 (15)
H5M—N5—H5N	111 (2)	N1—C9—C10	112.97 (14)
O1—C1—N1	123.71 (17)	N1—C9—H9A	109.0
O1—C1—C2	130.07 (17)	C10—C9—H9A	109.0
N1—C1—C2	106.21 (15)	N1—C9—H9B	109.0
C3—C2—C7	121.38 (17)	C10—C9—H9B	109.0
C3—C2—C1	130.85 (18)	H9A—C9—H9B	107.8
C7—C2—C1	107.77 (15)	N4—C10—N2	111.40 (16)
C2—C3—C4	117.30 (18)	N4—C10—C9	123.90 (16)
C2—C3—H3	121.4	N2—C10—C9	124.69 (16)
C4—C3—H3	121.4	N3—C11—N2	102.87 (15)
C5—C4—C3	121.58 (18)	N3—C11—S1	129.02 (15)
C5—C4—H4	119.2	N2—C11—S1	128.09 (14)
C3—C4—H4	119.2
C11—N3—N4—C10	−1.5 (2)	C1—N1—C8—C7	3.1 (2)
C8—N1—C1—O1	176.97 (17)	C9—N1—C8—C7	177.81 (15)
C9—N1—C1—O1	2.3 (3)	C6—C7—C8—O2	−3.0 (3)
C8—N1—C1—C2	−2.7 (2)	C2—C7—C8—O2	178.56 (19)
C9—N1—C1—C2	−177.36 (16)	C6—C7—C8—N1	176.21 (18)
O1—C1—C2—C3	1.0 (3)	C2—C7—C8—N1	−2.19 (19)
N1—C1—C2—C3	−179.35 (18)	C1—N1—C9—C10	54.3 (2)
O1—C1—C2—C7	−178.46 (18)	C8—N1—C9—C10	−119.80 (18)
N1—C1—C2—C7	1.21 (19)	N3—N4—C10—N2	1.3 (2)
C7—C2—C3—C4	−1.5 (3)	N3—N4—C10—C9	−179.32 (16)
C1—C2—C3—C4	179.12 (19)	C11—N2—C10—N4	−0.7 (2)
C2—C3—C4—C5	−0.5 (3)	N5—N2—C10—N4	−178.54 (16)
C3—C4—C5—C6	1.6 (3)	C11—N2—C10—C9	179.92 (16)
C4—C5—C6—C7	−0.6 (3)	N5—N2—C10—C9	2.0 (3)
C5—C6—C7—C2	−1.4 (3)	N1—C9—C10—N4	−130.71 (18)
C5—C6—C7—C8	−179.66 (18)	N1—C9—C10—N2	48.6 (2)
C3—C2—C7—C6	2.6 (3)	N4—N3—C11—N2	1.11 (19)
C1—C2—C7—C6	−177.94 (17)	N4—N3—C11—S1	−177.21 (14)
C3—C2—C7—C8	−178.88 (17)	C10—N2—C11—N3	−0.28 (19)
C1—C2—C7—C8	0.62 (19)	N5—N2—C11—N3	177.50 (17)
C1—N1—C8—O2	−177.62 (17)	C10—N2—C11—S1	178.06 (14)
C9—N1—C8—O2	−2.9 (3)	N5—N2—C11—S1	−4.2 (3)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N5—H5M···O2^i	0.92 (2)	2.29 (2)	3.151 (2)	155.6 (19)
N5—H5N···S1^ii	0.83 (2)	2.60 (2)	3.430 (2)	177.4 (18)
N3—H3N···O1^iii	0.84 (2)	1.98 (2)	2.811 (2)	169 (2)

Symmetry codes: (i) x−1, y, z; (ii) x+1/2, −y+3/2, z; (iii) −x, −y+1, z−1/2.