Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681003312X/wm2390sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681003312X/wm2390Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 792298
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 100 K
- Mean (C-C) = 0.002 Å
- R factor = 0.024
- wR factor = 0.074
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 19.0
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Alert level B PLAT919_ALERT_3_B Reflection(s) # Likely Affected by the Beamstop 1
Alert level C PLAT232_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X) Cu1 -- O1 .. 5.48 su PLAT232_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X) Cu1 -- O2 .. 5.78 su PLAT232_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X) Cu1 -- O3 .. 9.34 su PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for Cl2 PLAT911_ALERT_3_C Missing # FCF Refl Between THmin & STh/L= 0.600 6 PLAT913_ALERT_3_C Missing # of Very Strong Reflections in FCF .... 1 PLAT042_ALERT_1_C Calc. and Reported MoietyFormula Strings Differ ? PLAT912_ALERT_4_C Missing # of FCF Reflections Above STh/L= 0.600 471
Alert level G PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints ....... 4
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 1 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 8 ALERT level C = Check and explain 1 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 4 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 4 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
An aqueous solution of Cu(ClO4)2 (1 mmol, 0.263 g) was added dropwise to a solution of 1,10-phenanthroline (1 mmol, 0.180 g) in ethanol. The resultant mixture was evaporated at room temperature. Crystals of the title compound, which remained stable under normal conditions of temperature and humidity, were isolated after several days and subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis (yield 63%).
C—H hydrogen atoms were placed in calculated positions with C—H distances in the range 0.93–0.97 Å. The water hydrogen atom postitions were refined with O—H distance restraints of 0.84 (2) Å. The Uiso(H) values of all H atoms were constrained to 1.2 or 1.5× Ueq of the respective parent atom.
In recent years, there has been an active and concerted attention in developing metal-organic coordination materials owing to their potentially useful magnetic, electric, photochemical and catalytic properties (Kubo, 1976; Kobel & Hanack, 1986; Pierpont & Jung, 1994; Huskins & Robson, 1990). Here, the title compound, [Cu(H2O)2(C12H8N2)](ClO4)2, is presented, which has been obtained in continuation of our studies of new coordination compounds (Kaabi, et al., 2010).
In the atomic arrangement of the title material, the Cu ion is surrounded by one 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, two ClO4- anions and two water molecules. The CuII atom is coordinated in a square-planar fashion by two nitrogen atoms of a chelating o-phenanthroline ligand and two water molecules trans to the nitrogen atoms with Cu—N1 and Cu—N2 distances of 1.9953 (12) and 1.9764 (12) Å, and Cu—O1 and Cu—O2 distances of 1.9784 (10) and 1.9600 (11) Å, respectively. The coordination sphere around the metal is augmented by oxygen atoms of two weakly bound perchlorate anions, thus yielding a strongly distorted octahedral environment for the copper(II) ion (Fig. 1). The two Cu—O distances to the perchlorate anions, 2.3805 (11) and 2.5508 (11) Å, are much longer than the Cu—O(water) distances (Table 1), and especially the longer of these two distances should be regarded as a very weak interaction rather than an actual metal-oxygen bond.
The complexes are interconnected by a set of O—H···O hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and the perchlorate anions (Table 2), leading to the formation of a three dimensional network (Fig. 2). As expected, the ClO4- anion has a characteristic tetrahedral geometry where the Cl—O bond lengths and O—Cl—O angles are slightly different from one another and vary with the coordination of the individual O atoms, such as hydrogen bonds or metal coordination. In the title compound, the Cl—O bond lengths vary between 1.4272 (13) and 1.4728 (11) Å and 1.4230 (14) and 1.4490 (11) Å for the two ClO4- anions. The O—Cl—O angles range from 107.95 (7) to 111.67 (10)° for the first anion and from 108.62 (7) to 110.48 (11)° for the second anion.
Intermolecular π–π stacking interactions between neighboring non-nitrogen aromatic rings of 1,10-phenanthroline are also observed, with a face-to-face distance of 3.543 (2) Å (Fig. 3), less than 3.8 Å, the maximum value regarded as relevant for π–π interactions (Janiak, 2000).
For common applications of metal-organic coordination compounds, see: Kubo (1976); Kobel & Hanack (1986); Pierpont & Jung (1994); Huskins & Robson (1990). For a related structure, see: Kaabi et al. (2010). For π-π interactions, see: Janiak (2000).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1998); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
[Cu(ClO4)2(C12H8N2)(H2O)2] | Z = 2 |
Mr = 478.68 | F(000) = 482 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.942 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.7882 (10) Å | Cell parameters from 6809 reflections |
b = 10.4226 (14) Å | θ = 2.5–31.1° |
c = 10.8065 (14) Å | µ = 1.72 mm−1 |
α = 76.567 (1)° | T = 100 K |
β = 75.227 (2)° | Rod, blue |
γ = 79.801 (2)° | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
V = 818.50 (19) Å3 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 4872 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4647 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.020 |
ω scans | θmax = 31.3°, θmin = 2.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) | h = −11→11 |
Tmin = 0.587, Tmax = 0.746 | k = −14→14 |
17211 measured reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.024 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.13 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0396P)2 + 0.4561P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4872 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.003 |
256 parameters | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
4 restraints | Δρmin = −0.53 e Å−3 |
[Cu(ClO4)2(C12H8N2)(H2O)2] | γ = 79.801 (2)° |
Mr = 478.68 | V = 818.50 (19) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 2 |
a = 7.7882 (10) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 10.4226 (14) Å | µ = 1.72 mm−1 |
c = 10.8065 (14) Å | T = 100 K |
α = 76.567 (1)° | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
β = 75.227 (2)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 4872 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) | 4647 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.587, Tmax = 0.746 | Rint = 0.020 |
17211 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.024 | 4 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.074 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.13 | Δρmax = 0.48 e Å−3 |
4872 reflections | Δρmin = −0.53 e Å−3 |
256 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.48090 (19) | 1.03799 (14) | 0.78959 (15) | 0.0155 (2) | |
H1 | 0.4156 | 1.0302 | 0.8776 | 0.019* | |
C2 | 0.4523 (2) | 1.15657 (14) | 0.70023 (16) | 0.0186 (3) | |
H2 | 0.3690 | 1.2282 | 0.7281 | 0.022* | |
C3 | 0.5448 (2) | 1.16911 (14) | 0.57240 (16) | 0.0189 (3) | |
H3 | 0.5258 | 1.2493 | 0.5116 | 0.023* | |
C4 | 0.66839 (19) | 1.06189 (14) | 0.53204 (14) | 0.0151 (2) | |
C5 | 0.69072 (18) | 0.94807 (13) | 0.62763 (13) | 0.0122 (2) | |
C6 | 0.81967 (18) | 0.83761 (13) | 0.59601 (13) | 0.0129 (2) | |
C7 | 0.91968 (19) | 0.84133 (15) | 0.46757 (14) | 0.0160 (3) | |
C8 | 1.0478 (2) | 0.72975 (16) | 0.44474 (15) | 0.0191 (3) | |
H8 | 1.1164 | 0.7254 | 0.3591 | 0.023* | |
C9 | 1.0719 (2) | 0.62824 (16) | 0.54732 (16) | 0.0200 (3) | |
H9 | 1.1602 | 0.5543 | 0.5335 | 0.024* | |
C10 | 0.96612 (19) | 0.63344 (15) | 0.67308 (15) | 0.0174 (3) | |
H10 | 0.9845 | 0.5623 | 0.7433 | 0.021* | |
C11 | 0.7716 (2) | 1.06372 (16) | 0.40131 (15) | 0.0188 (3) | |
H11 | 0.7564 | 1.1404 | 0.3356 | 0.023* | |
C12 | 0.8908 (2) | 0.95768 (16) | 0.36975 (15) | 0.0192 (3) | |
H12 | 0.9557 | 0.9605 | 0.2821 | 0.023* | |
Cl1 | 0.49764 (5) | 0.52161 (3) | 0.72929 (3) | 0.01545 (7) | |
Cl2 | 0.99352 (4) | 0.77378 (3) | 1.00887 (3) | 0.01565 (7) | |
Cu1 | 0.65728 (2) | 0.758637 (15) | 0.858913 (15) | 0.01130 (6) | |
N1 | 0.84121 (16) | 0.73496 (12) | 0.69669 (12) | 0.0131 (2) | |
N2 | 0.59768 (15) | 0.93583 (11) | 0.75385 (12) | 0.0124 (2) | |
O1 | 0.45249 (14) | 0.78997 (10) | 1.00501 (10) | 0.01413 (19) | |
H1A | 0.446 (3) | 0.7260 (18) | 1.0657 (18) | 0.021* | |
H1B | 0.357 (2) | 0.808 (2) | 0.986 (2) | 0.021* | |
O2 | 0.70251 (15) | 0.57653 (11) | 0.95518 (11) | 0.0177 (2) | |
H2A | 0.689 (3) | 0.520 (2) | 0.918 (2) | 0.027* | |
H2B | 0.786 (3) | 0.555 (2) | 0.989 (2) | 0.027* | |
O3 | 0.45492 (15) | 0.64314 (11) | 0.77965 (12) | 0.0194 (2) | |
O4 | 0.5846 (2) | 0.54920 (15) | 0.59434 (12) | 0.0395 (4) | |
O5 | 0.62326 (14) | 0.42954 (10) | 0.79995 (11) | 0.0176 (2) | |
O6 | 0.33842 (17) | 0.46231 (12) | 0.74967 (14) | 0.0276 (3) | |
O7 | 1.13473 (15) | 0.84737 (12) | 0.92507 (12) | 0.0240 (2) | |
O8 | 1.02607 (18) | 0.64014 (13) | 0.98634 (18) | 0.0372 (4) | |
O9 | 0.82443 (14) | 0.83601 (12) | 0.97691 (13) | 0.0219 (2) | |
O10 | 0.9878 (2) | 0.77359 (19) | 1.14159 (13) | 0.0417 (4) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0146 (6) | 0.0133 (6) | 0.0188 (6) | −0.0006 (5) | −0.0038 (5) | −0.0044 (5) |
C2 | 0.0178 (7) | 0.0118 (6) | 0.0260 (7) | −0.0001 (5) | −0.0062 (5) | −0.0031 (5) |
C3 | 0.0184 (7) | 0.0125 (6) | 0.0253 (7) | −0.0030 (5) | −0.0088 (5) | 0.0021 (5) |
C4 | 0.0162 (6) | 0.0150 (6) | 0.0155 (6) | −0.0056 (5) | −0.0064 (5) | 0.0004 (5) |
C5 | 0.0123 (6) | 0.0128 (5) | 0.0127 (6) | −0.0030 (4) | −0.0042 (4) | −0.0020 (4) |
C6 | 0.0115 (6) | 0.0146 (6) | 0.0137 (6) | −0.0030 (4) | −0.0032 (4) | −0.0039 (5) |
C7 | 0.0143 (6) | 0.0210 (6) | 0.0146 (6) | −0.0059 (5) | −0.0023 (5) | −0.0055 (5) |
C8 | 0.0155 (6) | 0.0273 (7) | 0.0167 (7) | −0.0045 (5) | 0.0004 (5) | −0.0117 (6) |
C9 | 0.0149 (6) | 0.0225 (7) | 0.0233 (7) | 0.0009 (5) | −0.0013 (5) | −0.0117 (6) |
C10 | 0.0138 (6) | 0.0165 (6) | 0.0212 (7) | 0.0015 (5) | −0.0031 (5) | −0.0058 (5) |
C11 | 0.0207 (7) | 0.0208 (7) | 0.0153 (6) | −0.0085 (5) | −0.0058 (5) | 0.0020 (5) |
C12 | 0.0201 (7) | 0.0265 (7) | 0.0126 (6) | −0.0097 (6) | −0.0029 (5) | −0.0025 (5) |
Cl1 | 0.01850 (16) | 0.01185 (14) | 0.01345 (15) | 0.00302 (11) | −0.00298 (11) | −0.00183 (11) |
Cl2 | 0.01062 (14) | 0.01961 (15) | 0.01699 (16) | −0.00126 (11) | −0.00489 (11) | −0.00257 (12) |
Cu1 | 0.01059 (9) | 0.01082 (8) | 0.01119 (9) | 0.00001 (6) | −0.00176 (6) | −0.00135 (6) |
N1 | 0.0114 (5) | 0.0138 (5) | 0.0140 (5) | −0.0007 (4) | −0.0025 (4) | −0.0034 (4) |
N2 | 0.0107 (5) | 0.0117 (5) | 0.0144 (5) | −0.0011 (4) | −0.0022 (4) | −0.0026 (4) |
O1 | 0.0117 (4) | 0.0152 (5) | 0.0138 (5) | −0.0007 (4) | −0.0025 (3) | −0.0006 (4) |
O2 | 0.0173 (5) | 0.0162 (5) | 0.0179 (5) | 0.0019 (4) | −0.0068 (4) | 0.0002 (4) |
O3 | 0.0171 (5) | 0.0128 (5) | 0.0294 (6) | 0.0025 (4) | −0.0069 (4) | −0.0076 (4) |
O4 | 0.0498 (9) | 0.0364 (7) | 0.0130 (6) | 0.0210 (6) | 0.0030 (5) | 0.0024 (5) |
O5 | 0.0173 (5) | 0.0136 (4) | 0.0185 (5) | 0.0028 (4) | −0.0046 (4) | 0.0009 (4) |
O6 | 0.0281 (6) | 0.0185 (5) | 0.0433 (8) | −0.0014 (5) | −0.0200 (5) | −0.0080 (5) |
O7 | 0.0150 (5) | 0.0291 (6) | 0.0238 (6) | −0.0059 (4) | −0.0039 (4) | 0.0046 (5) |
O8 | 0.0221 (6) | 0.0175 (6) | 0.0769 (11) | 0.0048 (5) | −0.0222 (7) | −0.0121 (6) |
O9 | 0.0120 (5) | 0.0236 (5) | 0.0347 (6) | 0.0050 (4) | −0.0109 (4) | −0.0142 (5) |
O10 | 0.0322 (7) | 0.0777 (12) | 0.0163 (6) | −0.0136 (7) | −0.0070 (5) | −0.0046 (7) |
C1—N2 | 1.3338 (17) | C11—C12 | 1.360 (2) |
C1—C2 | 1.403 (2) | C11—H11 | 0.9500 |
C1—H1 | 0.9500 | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.373 (2) | Cl1—O6 | 1.4272 (13) |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | Cl1—O4 | 1.4277 (13) |
C3—C4 | 1.413 (2) | Cl1—O3 | 1.4456 (11) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | Cl1—O5 | 1.4728 (11) |
C4—C5 | 1.3978 (19) | Cl2—O10 | 1.4230 (14) |
C4—C11 | 1.434 (2) | Cl2—O8 | 1.4369 (13) |
C5—N2 | 1.3600 (18) | Cl2—O7 | 1.4443 (12) |
C5—C6 | 1.4315 (19) | Cl2—O9 | 1.4490 (11) |
C6—N1 | 1.3583 (18) | Cu1—O2 | 1.9600 (11) |
C6—C7 | 1.4033 (19) | Cu1—N2 | 1.9764 (12) |
C7—C8 | 1.416 (2) | Cu1—O1 | 1.9784 (10) |
C7—C12 | 1.438 (2) | Cu1—N1 | 1.9953 (12) |
C8—C9 | 1.369 (2) | Cu1—O9 | 2.3805 (11) |
C8—H8 | 0.9500 | Cu1—O3 | 2.5508 (11) |
C9—C10 | 1.406 (2) | O1—H1A | 0.818 (15) |
C9—H9 | 0.9500 | O1—H1B | 0.800 (16) |
C10—N1 | 1.3287 (18) | O2—H2A | 0.828 (16) |
C10—H10 | 0.9500 | O2—H2B | 0.796 (16) |
N2—C1—C2 | 121.54 (14) | O6—Cl1—O5 | 109.27 (7) |
N2—C1—H1 | 119.2 | O4—Cl1—O5 | 107.95 (7) |
C2—C1—H1 | 119.2 | O3—Cl1—O5 | 108.49 (7) |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.98 (14) | O10—Cl2—O8 | 110.48 (11) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.0 | O10—Cl2—O7 | 109.54 (9) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.0 | O8—Cl2—O7 | 109.21 (9) |
C2—C3—C4 | 119.50 (13) | O10—Cl2—O9 | 109.96 (9) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.2 | O8—Cl2—O9 | 108.62 (7) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.2 | O7—Cl2—O9 | 109.00 (7) |
C5—C4—C3 | 116.85 (13) | O2—Cu1—N2 | 174.66 (5) |
C5—C4—C11 | 118.86 (14) | O2—Cu1—O1 | 88.24 (5) |
C3—C4—C11 | 124.28 (14) | N2—Cu1—O1 | 91.93 (5) |
N2—C5—C4 | 123.37 (13) | O2—Cu1—N1 | 96.05 (5) |
N2—C5—C6 | 116.35 (12) | N2—Cu1—N1 | 83.24 (5) |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.26 (13) | O1—Cu1—N1 | 172.57 (5) |
N1—C6—C7 | 123.64 (13) | O2—Cu1—O9 | 90.50 (5) |
N1—C6—C5 | 116.32 (12) | N2—Cu1—O9 | 94.84 (5) |
C7—C6—C5 | 120.02 (13) | O1—Cu1—O9 | 84.57 (4) |
C6—C7—C8 | 116.66 (14) | N1—Cu1—O9 | 101.41 (5) |
C6—C7—C12 | 118.86 (14) | O2—Cu1—O3 | 79.80 (4) |
C8—C7—C12 | 124.45 (14) | N2—Cu1—O3 | 94.87 (4) |
C9—C8—C7 | 119.34 (14) | O1—Cu1—O3 | 87.45 (4) |
C9—C8—H8 | 120.3 | N1—Cu1—O3 | 87.35 (4) |
C7—C8—H8 | 120.3 | O9—Cu1—O3 | 167.63 (4) |
C8—C9—C10 | 120.01 (14) | C10—N1—C6 | 118.35 (13) |
C8—C9—H9 | 120.0 | C10—N1—Cu1 | 130.12 (11) |
C10—C9—H9 | 120.0 | C6—N1—Cu1 | 111.33 (9) |
N1—C10—C9 | 121.96 (14) | C1—N2—C5 | 118.73 (12) |
N1—C10—H10 | 119.0 | C1—N2—Cu1 | 129.24 (10) |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.0 | C5—N2—Cu1 | 112.01 (9) |
C12—C11—C4 | 121.18 (14) | Cu1—O1—H1A | 111.7 (15) |
C12—C11—H11 | 119.4 | Cu1—O1—H1B | 114.7 (16) |
C4—C11—H11 | 119.4 | H1A—O1—H1B | 108 (2) |
C11—C12—C7 | 120.77 (14) | Cu1—O2—H2A | 113.0 (16) |
C11—C12—H12 | 119.6 | Cu1—O2—H2B | 120.8 (17) |
C7—C12—H12 | 119.6 | H2A—O2—H2B | 112 (2) |
O6—Cl1—O4 | 111.67 (10) | Cl1—O3—Cu1 | 128.58 (6) |
O6—Cl1—O3 | 109.72 (7) | Cl2—O9—Cu1 | 127.20 (7) |
O4—Cl1—O3 | 109.67 (8) | ||
N2—C1—C2—C3 | 0.4 (2) | O2—Cu1—N1—C6 | 166.74 (9) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.0 (2) | N2—Cu1—N1—C6 | −7.93 (9) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.9 (2) | O9—Cu1—N1—C6 | −101.53 (9) |
C2—C3—C4—C11 | 179.75 (14) | O3—Cu1—N1—C6 | 87.29 (9) |
C3—C4—C5—N2 | 1.5 (2) | C2—C1—N2—C5 | 0.1 (2) |
C11—C4—C5—N2 | −179.12 (12) | C2—C1—N2—Cu1 | −178.36 (11) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −176.98 (12) | C4—C5—N2—C1 | −1.1 (2) |
C11—C4—C5—C6 | 2.4 (2) | C6—C5—N2—C1 | 177.41 (12) |
N2—C5—C6—N1 | −2.95 (18) | C4—C5—N2—Cu1 | 177.62 (11) |
C4—C5—C6—N1 | 175.62 (12) | C6—C5—N2—Cu1 | −3.86 (15) |
N2—C5—C6—C7 | 179.11 (12) | O1—Cu1—N2—C1 | 10.63 (13) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −2.3 (2) | N1—Cu1—N2—C1 | −175.03 (13) |
N1—C6—C7—C8 | 0.6 (2) | O9—Cu1—N2—C1 | −74.08 (13) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 178.41 (12) | O3—Cu1—N2—C1 | 98.24 (12) |
N1—C6—C7—C12 | −177.39 (13) | O1—Cu1—N2—C5 | −167.92 (9) |
C5—C6—C7—C12 | 0.4 (2) | N1—Cu1—N2—C5 | 6.42 (9) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −2.3 (2) | O9—Cu1—N2—C5 | 107.37 (9) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | 175.64 (14) | O3—Cu1—N2—C5 | −80.32 (9) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 2.0 (2) | O6—Cl1—O3—Cu1 | 154.80 (8) |
C8—C9—C10—N1 | 0.0 (2) | O4—Cl1—O3—Cu1 | −82.19 (11) |
C5—C4—C11—C12 | −0.6 (2) | O5—Cl1—O3—Cu1 | 35.50 (10) |
C3—C4—C11—C12 | 178.75 (14) | O2—Cu1—O3—Cl1 | −49.19 (9) |
C4—C11—C12—C7 | −1.4 (2) | N2—Cu1—O3—Cl1 | 130.42 (9) |
C6—C7—C12—C11 | 1.4 (2) | O1—Cu1—O3—Cl1 | −137.86 (9) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | −176.41 (14) | N1—Cu1—O3—Cl1 | 47.44 (9) |
C9—C10—N1—C6 | −1.7 (2) | O9—Cu1—O3—Cl1 | −88.04 (19) |
C9—C10—N1—Cu1 | 172.69 (11) | O10—Cl2—O9—Cu1 | −134.98 (11) |
C7—C6—N1—C10 | 1.3 (2) | O8—Cl2—O9—Cu1 | −13.97 (13) |
C5—C6—N1—C10 | −176.52 (12) | O7—Cl2—O9—Cu1 | 104.93 (10) |
C7—C6—N1—Cu1 | −174.04 (11) | O2—Cu1—O9—Cl2 | 42.89 (10) |
C5—C6—N1—Cu1 | 8.10 (14) | N2—Cu1—O9—Cl2 | −137.45 (10) |
O2—Cu1—N1—C10 | −7.94 (14) | O1—Cu1—O9—Cl2 | 131.07 (10) |
N2—Cu1—N1—C10 | 177.39 (13) | N1—Cu1—O9—Cl2 | −53.38 (10) |
O9—Cu1—N1—C10 | 83.79 (13) | O3—Cu1—O9—Cl2 | 81.01 (19) |
O3—Cu1—N1—C10 | −87.39 (13) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O5i | 0.82 (2) | 1.96 (2) | 2.7619 (15) | 166 (2) |
O1—H1B···O7ii | 0.80 (2) | 1.95 (2) | 2.7486 (16) | 175 (2) |
O2—H2A···O5 | 0.83 (2) | 1.95 (2) | 2.7566 (16) | 164 (2) |
O2—H2B···O8 | 0.80 (2) | 2.20 (2) | 2.8339 (18) | 136 (2) |
O2—H2B···O8iii | 0.80 (2) | 2.29 (2) | 2.8802 (17) | 132 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) x−1, y, z; (iii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Cu(ClO4)2(C12H8N2)(H2O)2] |
Mr | 478.68 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.7882 (10), 10.4226 (14), 10.8065 (14) |
α, β, γ (°) | 76.567 (1), 75.227 (2), 79.801 (2) |
V (Å3) | 818.50 (19) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.72 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.45 × 0.25 × 0.21 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2009) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.587, 0.746 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 17211, 4872, 4647 |
Rint | 0.020 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.731 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.024, 0.074, 1.13 |
No. of reflections | 4872 |
No. of parameters | 256 |
No. of restraints | 4 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.48, −0.53 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 1998).
Cu1—O2 | 1.9600 (11) | Cu1—N1 | 1.9953 (12) |
Cu1—N2 | 1.9764 (12) | Cu1—O9 | 2.3805 (11) |
Cu1—O1 | 1.9784 (10) | Cu1—O3 | 2.5508 (11) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1A···O5i | 0.818 (15) | 1.961 (16) | 2.7619 (15) | 166 (2) |
O1—H1B···O7ii | 0.800 (16) | 1.950 (16) | 2.7486 (16) | 175 (2) |
O2—H2A···O5 | 0.828 (16) | 1.952 (17) | 2.7566 (16) | 164 (2) |
O2—H2B···O8 | 0.796 (16) | 2.20 (2) | 2.8339 (18) | 136 (2) |
O2—H2B···O8iii | 0.796 (16) | 2.29 (2) | 2.8802 (17) | 132 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) x−1, y, z; (iii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2. |
In recent years, there has been an active and concerted attention in developing metal-organic coordination materials owing to their potentially useful magnetic, electric, photochemical and catalytic properties (Kubo, 1976; Kobel & Hanack, 1986; Pierpont & Jung, 1994; Huskins & Robson, 1990). Here, the title compound, [Cu(H2O)2(C12H8N2)](ClO4)2, is presented, which has been obtained in continuation of our studies of new coordination compounds (Kaabi, et al., 2010).
In the atomic arrangement of the title material, the Cu ion is surrounded by one 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, two ClO4- anions and two water molecules. The CuII atom is coordinated in a square-planar fashion by two nitrogen atoms of a chelating o-phenanthroline ligand and two water molecules trans to the nitrogen atoms with Cu—N1 and Cu—N2 distances of 1.9953 (12) and 1.9764 (12) Å, and Cu—O1 and Cu—O2 distances of 1.9784 (10) and 1.9600 (11) Å, respectively. The coordination sphere around the metal is augmented by oxygen atoms of two weakly bound perchlorate anions, thus yielding a strongly distorted octahedral environment for the copper(II) ion (Fig. 1). The two Cu—O distances to the perchlorate anions, 2.3805 (11) and 2.5508 (11) Å, are much longer than the Cu—O(water) distances (Table 1), and especially the longer of these two distances should be regarded as a very weak interaction rather than an actual metal-oxygen bond.
The complexes are interconnected by a set of O—H···O hydrogen bonds between the water molecules and the perchlorate anions (Table 2), leading to the formation of a three dimensional network (Fig. 2). As expected, the ClO4- anion has a characteristic tetrahedral geometry where the Cl—O bond lengths and O—Cl—O angles are slightly different from one another and vary with the coordination of the individual O atoms, such as hydrogen bonds or metal coordination. In the title compound, the Cl—O bond lengths vary between 1.4272 (13) and 1.4728 (11) Å and 1.4230 (14) and 1.4490 (11) Å for the two ClO4- anions. The O—Cl—O angles range from 107.95 (7) to 111.67 (10)° for the first anion and from 108.62 (7) to 110.48 (11)° for the second anion.
Intermolecular π–π stacking interactions between neighboring non-nitrogen aromatic rings of 1,10-phenanthroline are also observed, with a face-to-face distance of 3.543 (2) Å (Fig. 3), less than 3.8 Å, the maximum value regarded as relevant for π–π interactions (Janiak, 2000).