Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811000080/xu5137sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811000080/xu5137Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 811152
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 100 K
- Mean (C-C) = 0.005 Å
- Disorder in solvent or counterion
- R factor = 0.031
- wR factor = 0.078
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 22.9
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Alert level C PLAT911_ALERT_3_C Missing # FCF Refl Between THmin & STh/L= 0.600 3 PLAT041_ALERT_1_C Calc. and Reported SumFormula Strings Differ ? PLAT042_ALERT_1_C Calc. and Reported MoietyFormula Strings Differ ? PLAT077_ALERT_4_C Unitcell contains non-integer number of atoms .. ? PLAT233_ALERT_4_C Hirshfeld (M-X Solvent) Cd1 -- Br2 .. 10.27 su PLAT233_ALERT_4_C Hirshfeld (M-X Solvent) Cd1 -- Br3 .. 11.16 su PLAT233_ALERT_4_C Hirshfeld (M-X Solvent) Cd1 -- Cl3 .. 11.16 su PLAT233_ALERT_4_C Hirshfeld (M-X Solvent) Cd1 -- Cl2 .. 10.27 su
Alert level G PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints ....... 5 PLAT302_ALERT_4_G Note: Anion/Solvent Disorder ................... 44.00 Perc. PLAT811_ALERT_5_G No ADDSYM Analysis: Too Many Excluded Atoms .... !
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 8 ALERT level C = Check and explain 3 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 2 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 0 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 2 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 6 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 1 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
1,1'-Dibutyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dibromide was synthesized by using a literature method (Hou et al., 2005). 1-Bromobutane (30 mmol, 4.11 g) and 4,4′-bipyridyl (10 mmol, 1.56 g) were dissolved in acetonitrile (20 ml). The solution was heated at 343–353 K for 48 h. The yellow precipitate that formed was collected and recrystallized from a methanol/ether mixture to give a white powder (4.2 g, 90% yield.)
A methanol solution (10 ml) of the dibromide salt (0.43 g, 1.0 mmol) was added to a solution of cadmium dichloride (0.184 g, 1.0 mmol) dissolved in an DMF/H2O (4:1) mixture (10 ml) to precipitiate a white solid. This dissolved when DMF was added. The solution was filtered and then set aside for the growth of colorless crystals (40% yield) after a week. The crystals are not soluble in common solvents.
Hydrogen atoms were placed in calculated positions (C—H 0.95 to 0.99 Å) and were included in the refinement in the riding model approximation, with U(H) set to 1.2–1.5Ueq(C).
Each halogen site is occupied by a mixture of chlorine and bromine atoms. For each site, the temperate factors for the major and minor occupants were restrained to be identical. As the total occupancy of the bromine atoms refined to nearly 2 3/8, the sum occupany was then fixed as exactly 2 3/8. The final difference Fourier had a peak at 1.83 Å from H2b and a hole at 0.88 ° from Cd1
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
(C18H26N2)[CdBr2.375Cl1.625] | F(000) = 1227 |
Mr = 630.20 | Dx = 1.798 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 8220 reflections |
a = 8.6969 (5) Å | θ = 2.4–28.3° |
b = 16.6024 (10) Å | µ = 5.21 mm−1 |
c = 16.6881 (10) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 104.936 (1)° | Prism, colorless |
V = 2328.2 (2) Å3 | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.10 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEX diffractometer | 5354 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4487 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.045 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 1.8° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −11→11 |
Tmin = 0.304, Tmax = 0.624 | k = −21→21 |
21634 measured reflections | l = −21→21 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.02 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.037P)2 + 2.9972P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
5354 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
234 parameters | Δρmax = 1.49 e Å−3 |
5 restraints | Δρmin = −1.27 e Å−3 |
(C18H26N2)[CdBr2.375Cl1.625] | V = 2328.2 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 630.20 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 8.6969 (5) Å | µ = 5.21 mm−1 |
b = 16.6024 (10) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 16.6881 (10) Å | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.10 mm |
β = 104.936 (1)° |
Bruker SMART APEX diffractometer | 5354 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 4487 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.304, Tmax = 0.624 | Rint = 0.045 |
21634 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | 5 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.02 | Δρmax = 1.49 e Å−3 |
5354 reflections | Δρmin = −1.27 e Å−3 |
234 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Cd1 | 0.40196 (3) | 0.424706 (15) | 0.232277 (14) | 0.01974 (7) | |
Br1 | 0.22214 (4) | 0.35248 (2) | 0.10618 (2) | 0.02326 (11) | 0.9035 (17) |
Br2 | 0.23823 (5) | 0.48953 (3) | 0.32488 (2) | 0.02183 (13) | 0.6581 (18) |
Br3 | 0.62807 (6) | 0.34583 (3) | 0.32995 (3) | 0.02465 (15) | 0.4981 (19) |
Br4 | 0.53176 (7) | 0.53958 (4) | 0.17615 (3) | 0.02306 (17) | 0.3153 (19) |
Cl1 | 0.22214 (4) | 0.35248 (2) | 0.10618 (2) | 0.02326 (11) | 0.0965 (17) |
Cl2 | 0.23823 (5) | 0.48953 (3) | 0.32488 (2) | 0.02183 (13) | 0.3419 (18) |
Cl3 | 0.62807 (6) | 0.34583 (3) | 0.32995 (3) | 0.02465 (15) | 0.5019 (19) |
Cl4 | 0.53176 (7) | 0.53958 (4) | 0.17615 (3) | 0.02306 (17) | 0.6847 (19) |
N1 | 0.8621 (3) | 0.47579 (17) | 0.09803 (18) | 0.0213 (6) | |
N2 | 0.4249 (3) | 0.11942 (17) | 0.06874 (17) | 0.0197 (6) | |
C1 | 0.9057 (6) | 0.7653 (3) | 0.1760 (3) | 0.0485 (12) | |
H1A | 0.9725 | 0.8134 | 0.1798 | 0.073* | |
H1B | 0.8931 | 0.7519 | 0.2311 | 0.073* | |
H1C | 0.8011 | 0.7758 | 0.1383 | 0.073* | |
C2 | 0.9844 (5) | 0.6951 (2) | 0.1432 (3) | 0.0393 (10) | |
H2A | 0.9944 | 0.7081 | 0.0869 | 0.047* | |
H2B | 1.0926 | 0.6866 | 0.1795 | 0.047* | |
C3 | 0.8885 (5) | 0.6192 (2) | 0.1401 (3) | 0.0326 (9) | |
H3A | 0.7786 | 0.6288 | 0.1062 | 0.039* | |
H3B | 0.8832 | 0.6049 | 0.1969 | 0.039* | |
C4 | 0.9603 (4) | 0.5501 (2) | 0.1036 (2) | 0.0264 (8) | |
H4A | 0.9689 | 0.5651 | 0.0475 | 0.032* | |
H4B | 1.0689 | 0.5393 | 0.1385 | 0.032* | |
C5 | 0.8900 (4) | 0.4246 (2) | 0.1624 (2) | 0.0227 (7) | |
H5 | 0.9711 | 0.4363 | 0.2113 | 0.027* | |
C6 | 0.8021 (4) | 0.3558 (2) | 0.1579 (2) | 0.0222 (7) | |
H6 | 0.8222 | 0.3202 | 0.2040 | 0.027* | |
C7 | 0.6840 (4) | 0.3373 (2) | 0.08722 (19) | 0.0186 (7) | |
C8 | 0.6557 (4) | 0.3926 (2) | 0.0221 (2) | 0.0237 (7) | |
H8 | 0.5749 | 0.3823 | −0.0272 | 0.028* | |
C9 | 0.7442 (4) | 0.4616 (2) | 0.0293 (2) | 0.0246 (7) | |
H9 | 0.7222 | 0.4999 | −0.0145 | 0.029* | |
C10 | 0.4928 (4) | 0.1502 (2) | 0.1435 (2) | 0.0222 (7) | |
H10 | 0.4818 | 0.1232 | 0.1919 | 0.027* | |
C11 | 0.5781 (4) | 0.2205 (2) | 0.1510 (2) | 0.0199 (7) | |
H11 | 0.6269 | 0.2416 | 0.2044 | 0.024* | |
C12 | 0.5935 (4) | 0.26102 (19) | 0.0800 (2) | 0.0180 (6) | |
C13 | 0.5245 (4) | 0.2266 (2) | 0.0037 (2) | 0.0209 (7) | |
H13 | 0.5354 | 0.2519 | −0.0456 | 0.025* | |
C14 | 0.4404 (4) | 0.1562 (2) | −0.0009 (2) | 0.0214 (7) | |
H14 | 0.3927 | 0.1330 | −0.0535 | 0.026* | |
C15 | 0.3217 (4) | 0.0467 (2) | 0.0626 (2) | 0.0266 (8) | |
H15A | 0.3777 | 0.0048 | 0.1015 | 0.032* | |
H15B | 0.2982 | 0.0246 | 0.0057 | 0.032* | |
C16 | 0.1663 (5) | 0.0697 (2) | 0.0838 (3) | 0.0317 (8) | |
H16A | 0.1011 | 0.0205 | 0.0824 | 0.038* | |
H16B | 0.1915 | 0.0912 | 0.1410 | 0.038* | |
C17 | 0.0703 (4) | 0.1309 (2) | 0.0261 (2) | 0.0313 (8) | |
H17A | 0.0397 | 0.1083 | −0.0307 | 0.038* | |
H17B | 0.1372 | 0.1790 | 0.0252 | 0.038* | |
C18 | −0.0791 (5) | 0.1565 (3) | 0.0506 (3) | 0.0444 (11) | |
H18A | −0.1375 | 0.1961 | 0.0107 | 0.067* | |
H18B | −0.0495 | 0.1805 | 0.1062 | 0.067* | |
H18C | −0.1467 | 0.1093 | 0.0509 | 0.067* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cd1 | 0.02436 (13) | 0.01957 (13) | 0.01644 (12) | −0.00087 (9) | 0.00734 (10) | −0.00126 (9) |
Br1 | 0.0256 (2) | 0.0214 (2) | 0.02208 (19) | 0.00007 (14) | 0.00474 (15) | −0.00461 (14) |
Br2 | 0.0222 (2) | 0.0263 (2) | 0.0179 (2) | −0.00361 (16) | 0.00688 (16) | −0.00281 (16) |
Br3 | 0.0347 (3) | 0.0242 (3) | 0.0167 (2) | 0.0036 (2) | 0.0096 (2) | −0.00047 (19) |
Br4 | 0.0288 (3) | 0.0255 (3) | 0.0168 (3) | −0.0041 (2) | 0.0094 (2) | 0.0004 (2) |
Cl1 | 0.0256 (2) | 0.0214 (2) | 0.02208 (19) | 0.00007 (14) | 0.00474 (15) | −0.00461 (14) |
Cl2 | 0.0222 (2) | 0.0263 (2) | 0.0179 (2) | −0.00361 (16) | 0.00688 (16) | −0.00281 (16) |
Cl3 | 0.0347 (3) | 0.0242 (3) | 0.0167 (2) | 0.0036 (2) | 0.0096 (2) | −0.00047 (19) |
Cl4 | 0.0288 (3) | 0.0255 (3) | 0.0168 (3) | −0.0041 (2) | 0.0094 (2) | 0.0004 (2) |
N1 | 0.0219 (14) | 0.0195 (15) | 0.0245 (15) | −0.0002 (11) | 0.0099 (12) | −0.0017 (12) |
N2 | 0.0199 (14) | 0.0162 (14) | 0.0226 (14) | 0.0030 (11) | 0.0050 (11) | 0.0009 (11) |
C1 | 0.057 (3) | 0.028 (2) | 0.046 (3) | 0.004 (2) | −0.012 (2) | −0.006 (2) |
C2 | 0.044 (2) | 0.030 (2) | 0.040 (2) | −0.0057 (19) | 0.004 (2) | 0.0020 (18) |
C3 | 0.0293 (19) | 0.029 (2) | 0.042 (2) | −0.0049 (16) | 0.0124 (17) | −0.0086 (18) |
C4 | 0.0270 (18) | 0.0233 (19) | 0.0318 (19) | −0.0068 (14) | 0.0126 (16) | −0.0020 (15) |
C5 | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0253 (19) | 0.0212 (16) | −0.0018 (14) | 0.0059 (14) | −0.0021 (14) |
C6 | 0.0228 (17) | 0.0250 (19) | 0.0195 (16) | −0.0005 (14) | 0.0071 (14) | −0.0011 (14) |
C7 | 0.0197 (15) | 0.0200 (17) | 0.0174 (15) | 0.0032 (13) | 0.0073 (13) | −0.0009 (13) |
C8 | 0.0242 (17) | 0.0265 (19) | 0.0207 (17) | −0.0025 (14) | 0.0061 (14) | −0.0018 (14) |
C9 | 0.0270 (17) | 0.0252 (19) | 0.0230 (17) | 0.0011 (15) | 0.0092 (15) | 0.0020 (14) |
C10 | 0.0277 (18) | 0.0211 (18) | 0.0177 (16) | 0.0030 (14) | 0.0053 (14) | 0.0024 (13) |
C11 | 0.0211 (16) | 0.0210 (17) | 0.0173 (16) | 0.0030 (13) | 0.0047 (13) | 0.0007 (13) |
C12 | 0.0183 (15) | 0.0171 (16) | 0.0196 (15) | 0.0055 (12) | 0.0067 (13) | −0.0004 (13) |
C13 | 0.0207 (16) | 0.0243 (18) | 0.0190 (16) | 0.0008 (13) | 0.0077 (13) | −0.0010 (14) |
C14 | 0.0221 (16) | 0.0233 (18) | 0.0186 (16) | 0.0010 (14) | 0.0048 (13) | −0.0043 (13) |
C15 | 0.0301 (19) | 0.0168 (17) | 0.0313 (19) | −0.0029 (14) | 0.0048 (16) | 0.0018 (15) |
C16 | 0.031 (2) | 0.028 (2) | 0.036 (2) | −0.0106 (16) | 0.0089 (17) | 0.0005 (17) |
C17 | 0.0294 (19) | 0.028 (2) | 0.037 (2) | −0.0022 (16) | 0.0102 (17) | −0.0013 (17) |
C18 | 0.028 (2) | 0.046 (3) | 0.062 (3) | −0.0073 (19) | 0.016 (2) | −0.006 (2) |
Cd1—Br4 | 2.5168 (6) | C7—C8 | 1.394 (5) |
Cd1—Br3 | 2.5665 (6) | C7—C12 | 1.479 (5) |
Cd1—Br1 | 2.5720 (4) | C8—C9 | 1.369 (5) |
Cd1—Br2 | 2.5901 (5) | C8—H8 | 0.9500 |
N1—C5 | 1.342 (4) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
N1—C9 | 1.348 (5) | C10—C11 | 1.370 (5) |
N1—C4 | 1.489 (4) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
N2—C10 | 1.337 (4) | C11—C12 | 1.398 (4) |
N2—C14 | 1.350 (4) | C11—H11 | 0.9500 |
N2—C15 | 1.492 (4) | C12—C13 | 1.384 (5) |
C1—C2 | 1.523 (6) | C13—C14 | 1.371 (5) |
C1—H1A | 0.9800 | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C1—H1B | 0.9800 | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
C1—H1C | 0.9800 | C15—C16 | 1.531 (5) |
C2—C3 | 1.505 (5) | C15—H15A | 0.9900 |
C2—H2A | 0.9900 | C15—H15B | 0.9900 |
C2—H2B | 0.9900 | C16—C17 | 1.497 (5) |
C3—C4 | 1.507 (5) | C16—H16A | 0.9900 |
C3—H3A | 0.9900 | C16—H16B | 0.9900 |
C3—H3B | 0.9900 | C17—C18 | 1.521 (5) |
C4—H4A | 0.9900 | C17—H17A | 0.9900 |
C4—H4B | 0.9900 | C17—H17B | 0.9900 |
C5—C6 | 1.366 (5) | C18—H18A | 0.9800 |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C18—H18B | 0.9800 |
C6—C7 | 1.385 (5) | C18—H18C | 0.9800 |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | ||
Br4—Cd1—Br3 | 106.22 (2) | C9—C8—C7 | 120.0 (3) |
Br4—Cd1—Br1 | 106.574 (18) | C9—C8—H8 | 120.0 |
Br3—Cd1—Br1 | 119.113 (17) | C7—C8—H8 | 120.0 |
Br4—Cd1—Br2 | 105.991 (18) | N1—C9—C8 | 120.5 (3) |
Br3—Cd1—Br2 | 106.390 (16) | N1—C9—H9 | 119.7 |
Br1—Cd1—Br2 | 111.718 (15) | C8—C9—H9 | 119.7 |
C5—N1—C9 | 120.8 (3) | N2—C10—C11 | 120.6 (3) |
C5—N1—C4 | 119.5 (3) | N2—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
C9—N1—C4 | 119.7 (3) | C11—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
C10—N2—C14 | 120.8 (3) | C10—C11—C12 | 120.0 (3) |
C10—N2—C15 | 119.2 (3) | C10—C11—H11 | 120.0 |
C14—N2—C15 | 119.9 (3) | C12—C11—H11 | 120.0 |
C2—C1—H1A | 109.5 | C13—C12—C11 | 117.8 (3) |
C2—C1—H1B | 109.5 | C13—C12—C7 | 121.6 (3) |
H1A—C1—H1B | 109.5 | C11—C12—C7 | 120.6 (3) |
C2—C1—H1C | 109.5 | C14—C13—C12 | 120.2 (3) |
H1A—C1—H1C | 109.5 | C14—C13—H13 | 119.9 |
H1B—C1—H1C | 109.5 | C12—C13—H13 | 119.9 |
C3—C2—C1 | 110.9 (4) | N2—C14—C13 | 120.5 (3) |
C3—C2—H2A | 109.5 | N2—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
C1—C2—H2A | 109.5 | C13—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
C3—C2—H2B | 109.5 | N2—C15—C16 | 109.5 (3) |
C1—C2—H2B | 109.5 | N2—C15—H15A | 109.8 |
H2A—C2—H2B | 108.0 | C16—C15—H15A | 109.8 |
C2—C3—C4 | 111.6 (3) | N2—C15—H15B | 109.8 |
C2—C3—H3A | 109.3 | C16—C15—H15B | 109.8 |
C4—C3—H3A | 109.3 | H15A—C15—H15B | 108.2 |
C2—C3—H3B | 109.3 | C17—C16—C15 | 113.5 (3) |
C4—C3—H3B | 109.3 | C17—C16—H16A | 108.9 |
H3A—C3—H3B | 108.0 | C15—C16—H16A | 108.9 |
N1—C4—C3 | 111.4 (3) | C17—C16—H16B | 108.9 |
N1—C4—H4A | 109.3 | C15—C16—H16B | 108.9 |
C3—C4—H4A | 109.3 | H16A—C16—H16B | 107.7 |
N1—C4—H4B | 109.3 | C16—C17—C18 | 112.9 (3) |
C3—C4—H4B | 109.3 | C16—C17—H17A | 109.0 |
H4A—C4—H4B | 108.0 | C18—C17—H17A | 109.0 |
N1—C5—C6 | 120.1 (3) | C16—C17—H17B | 109.0 |
N1—C5—H5 | 119.9 | C18—C17—H17B | 109.0 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.9 | H17A—C17—H17B | 107.8 |
C5—C6—C7 | 121.0 (3) | C17—C18—H18A | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.5 | C17—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
C7—C6—H6 | 119.5 | H18A—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
C6—C7—C8 | 117.5 (3) | C17—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C6—C7—C12 | 121.4 (3) | H18A—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C8—C7—C12 | 121.1 (3) | H18B—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 177.1 (4) | N2—C10—C11—C12 | 0.6 (5) |
C5—N1—C4—C3 | −89.0 (4) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −1.9 (5) |
C9—N1—C4—C3 | 89.4 (4) | C10—C11—C12—C7 | 179.4 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—N1 | −178.1 (3) | C6—C7—C12—C13 | −154.1 (3) |
C9—N1—C5—C6 | 2.2 (5) | C8—C7—C12—C13 | 24.6 (4) |
C4—N1—C5—C6 | −179.4 (3) | C6—C7—C12—C11 | 24.5 (4) |
N1—C5—C6—C7 | 0.4 (5) | C8—C7—C12—C11 | −156.8 (3) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −1.8 (5) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 1.8 (5) |
C5—C6—C7—C12 | 176.9 (3) | C7—C12—C13—C14 | −179.5 (3) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | 0.7 (5) | C10—N2—C14—C13 | −0.9 (5) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −178.1 (3) | C15—N2—C14—C13 | 174.8 (3) |
C5—N1—C9—C8 | −3.4 (5) | C12—C13—C14—N2 | −0.4 (5) |
C4—N1—C9—C8 | 178.2 (3) | C10—N2—C15—C16 | 70.9 (4) |
C7—C8—C9—N1 | 1.9 (5) | C14—N2—C15—C16 | −104.9 (3) |
C14—N2—C10—C11 | 0.8 (5) | N2—C15—C16—C17 | 61.5 (4) |
C15—N2—C10—C11 | −174.9 (3) | C15—C16—C17—C18 | −176.9 (3) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | (C18H26N2)[CdBr2.375Cl1.625] |
Mr | 630.20 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 8.6969 (5), 16.6024 (10), 16.6881 (10) |
β (°) | 104.936 (1) |
V (Å3) | 2328.2 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 5.21 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.10 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.304, 0.624 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 21634, 5354, 4487 |
Rint | 0.045 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.031, 0.078, 1.02 |
No. of reflections | 5354 |
No. of parameters | 234 |
No. of restraints | 5 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 1.49, −1.27 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), X-SEED (Barbour, 2001), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
The class of 1,1'-dialkyl-4,4'-bipyridinium bromides represents a class of ammonium salts that are excellent directing regents for the construction of metal–organic architectures. In a previous study, the reaction of a similar salt, 1,1'-(propane-1,3-diyl)dipyridinium dibromide, with cadmium dichloride, yielded the salt as a dibromidodichlorodocadmate; the halogen atoms are all disordered. In the present study, the reaction of 1,1'-dibutyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dibromide with cadmium dichloride yielded a similarly disordered cadmate counterion whose bromine:chloride ratio is 2.375:1.625 (Scheme I, Fig. 1).