Demonstration of a ring-FEL as an EUV lithography tool

This paper demonstrates a ring-FEL as an EUV lithography tool in a fourth-generation storage ring.

Design of an online spectrometer for the diagnosis of free-electron lasers

An online spectrometer with plane variable-line-spacing grating has been designed to monitor each single free-electron laser pulse, especially for the energy region from 800 to 1000 eV.

Generation of an X-ray nanobeam of a free-electron laser using reflective optics with speckle interferometry

Focusing of an X-ray free-electron laser enables the production of ultrahigh-intensity X-ray pulses. X-ray nanobeams of a free-electron laser were generated using reflective focusing optics combined with speckle interferometry.

A high-power, high-repetition-rate THz source for pump–probe experiments at Linac Coherent Light Source II

A two-bunch scheme to generate high-power, high-repetition-rate THz radiation for pump–probe experiments at LCLS II is studied. The two-bunch beam dynamics, the THz wiggler and radiation are described, as well as the transport system bringing the THz pulses from the wiggler to the X-ray experimental hall.

Quantum states of an electromagnetic field interacting with a classical current and their applications to radiation problems

Quantum states of an electromagnetic field interacting with a classical current and their applications to radiation problems are studied.

A passive hutch-cooling system for achieving high thermal-stability operation at the Nanoprobe beamline, Diamond Light Source

A novel strategy to achieve very high temperature stability in X-ray hutches using radiant panels is described. At maximum heat load, a standard deviation down to 0.017°C over 15 h and drift well below 0.001°C h⁻¹ are demonstrated. After a sample change, the room recovers stability within 15 min.

Development of a high-precision XYZ translator and estimation of beam profile of the vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray undulator beamline BL-13B at the Photon Factory

To enable microscopic measurements at the BL-13B beamline of the Photon Factory, a high-precision XYZ translator is developed, and the beam profile is estimated.

Development of an X-ray imaging detector for high-energy X-ray microtomography

A dedicated X-ray imaging detector for 200 keV high-energy X-ray microtomography was developed to realize high-efficiency high-resolution imaging while keeping the field of view wide.

Investigation of third-order nonlinear dynamical X-ray diffraction based on a new exact solution

A new exact solution for the case of third-order nonlinear two-wave X-ray dynamical diffraction is obtained and the third-order nonlinear dynamical diffraction phenomenon is investigated. The solution is presented via Jacobi elliptic functions and takes into account the intensity of the incident wave as well as the deviation from the Bragg exact orientation.

Femtosecond soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of warm dense matter at the PAL-XFEL

An experimental setup for X-ray absorption measurements based on SASE-XFEL pulses is presented. Ultrafast X-ray absorption changes for non-equilibrium warm dense matter can be measured with femtosecond resolution.

Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the low-energy region explored using an argon gas window

Argon gas windows are shown to be effective for soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the low-energy region below 200 eV under atmospheric conditions.

Montel mirror based collimating analyzer system for high-pressure resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments

An analyzer system based on collimating scattered X-rays employing a Montel mirror for use with resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) experiments is presented. This concept is shown to reject extrinsic spectral features in low-energy (<1 eV) RIXS spectra in a high-pressure cell at the Ir L₃-absorption edge, a significant improvement over a conventional diced spherical analyzer.

Characteristics and local structure of hafnia-silicate-zirconate ceramic nanomixtures

Zirconate systems having the composition 3HfO₂·15SiO₂·xY₂O₃·(82 − x)ZrO₂, where x = 2, 7 and 12 mol% Y₂O₃, were synthesized by a sol-gel method. Their characteristics and local structure are described.

Saturation and self-absorption effects in the angle-dependent 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra of Co³⁺

It is shown that the 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering intensity is distorted by saturation and self-absorption effects, i.e. by incident-energy-dependent saturation and by emission-energy-dependent self-absorption.

First high-pressure XAFS results at the bending-magnet-based energy-dispersive XAFS beamline BL-8 at the Indus-2 synchrotron facility

This work reports the first successful generation of diamond-anvil-cell-based high-pressure XANES data for Nb₂O₅, in the framework of limited focusing optics at the Indus-2 synchrotron facility, India.

Accurate contrast determination for X-ray speckle visibility spectroscopy

A numerical model that can mimic closely the behavior of real X-ray detectors in the context of X-ray speckle visibility spectroscopy is described. Using this model, this work investigates the origin of discrepancies between commonly used photon locating algorithms and proposes a calibration routine to resolve the discrepancy.

Solid/liquid-interface-dependent synthesis and immobilization of copper-based particles nucleated by X-ray-radiolysis-induced photochemical reaction

The substrate type dependence of cupric particles synthesized by X-ray-radiolysis-induced photochemical reaction in Cu(COOCH₃)₂ liquid solution with the additive methanol has been investigated.

Hard X-ray phase-contrast-enhanced micro-CT for qu­antifying interfaces within brittle dense root-filling-restored human teeth

Phase-contrast enhanced micro-computed tomography reveals huge discontinuities at the interfaces between dental fillings and the tooth substrate. Despite the complex micromorphology, gaps in bonding could be visualized and quantified in 3D.

Comprehensive characterization of TSV etching performance with phase-contrast X-ray microtomography

A complete method of comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of through-silicon via reliability using a highly sensitive phase-contrast X-ray microtomography was established. Quantitative characterizations include 3D local morphology and overall consistency of statistics.

Nanoscale element behavior in a continuum

Physical actuation of repeating swelling–deswelling naturally generates anisotropic line patterns, verified by a temperature-responsive nanocomposite system.

X-ray phase contrast tomography for the investigation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Ex vivo X-ray phase contrast tomography of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis of a SOD1^G93A mouse model is presented. Quantification of neuronal and vascular alteration in the central nervous system is described.

Robust framework and software implementation for fast speciation mapping

A formal framework and two software implementations are provided for rapid mapping of speciation using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Large field-of-view scanning small-angle X-ray scattering of mammalian cells

A fast-scanning small-angle X-ray scattering study of biological cells is presented that achieves higher throughput and requires lower dose than previous experiments.

Classification of grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering patterns by convolutional neural network

Convolutional neural networks are useful for classifying grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering patterns. They are also useful for classifying real experimental data.

A helium mini-cryostat for the nanoprobe beamline ID16B at ESRF: characteristics and performance

The design, implementation and tests of an He mini-cryostat for the nanoprobe beamline ID16B at ESRF is reported. The first experimental results obtained using the cryogenic equipment are presented.

Gas-phase endstation of electron, ion and coincidence spectroscopies for diluted samples at the FinEstBeAMS beamline of the MAX IV 1.5 GeV storage ring

An overview of the gas-phase endstation with the multi-coincidence setup at the FinEstBeAMS beamline in the MAX IV 1.5 GeV storage ring is presented. A detailed description of the functional design of the endstation together with the data acquisition concept and first test measurements is given.

Iterative energy self-calibration of Fe XANES spectra. Erratum

A correction is made to the paper by Jones et al. (2020). [J. Synchrotron Rad. 27, 207–211].

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation: open call for new Main Editor to join leadership team