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Figure 3
Illustration of superspace crystallography in the case of a 1D incommensurately modulated phase. Bottom left: the modulated phase where atoms are displaced with respect to the ideal periodic positions, shown as vertical lines. Bottom right: diffraction pattern of the modulated phase. Satellite reflections are visible around each Bragg peak located at the positions in reciprocal space of the undeformed periodic structure. The upper part shows the 2D embedding of the modulated chain (left panel) and of the diffraction pattern (right panel). The wavy lines are called atomic surfaces and represent the modulation. The 1D incommensurately modulated structure is obtained as a section of the 2D one. On the other hand, the 1D diffraction pattern is obtained as a projection of the 2D one.

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