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Figure 3
Successive clockwise propagation of atomic phason flips inside the D2 cluster at 800°C. (a)–(d) HRTEM images of the DQC taken at different times. Three ∼2 nm D clusters are marked, but we focus on the changes of the D2 cluster, as highlighted by the white outline. (e) Geometric schematic of the structural change of D2 as time goes on. As in Fig. 2[link], the numbers 1, 2, …, 10 mark possible atomic column positions in a smaller circle with a diameter of 0.77 nm. The positions occupied by atoms are indicated by green spots. In the middle and bottom rows, the changes of atomic positions on the 0.77 nm circle are summarized. The occupied positions are indicated by solid spots and marked by numbers. The atom movements are marked by arrows in the middle row. (f) Summary of two groups of continuous clockwise flips of atoms in the D2 cluster. The arrows indicate the direction of dynamical processes and the colors of the arrows represent different groups. In the table at the bottom-right corner `P' means the position occupied by atoms on the 0.77 nm circle inside the ∼2 nm D cluster, and `T' means time.

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