organic compounds
2-[Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]-4-tert-butyl-6-(phenylsulfanyl)phenol
aSchool of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, England
*Correspondence e-mail: m.a.halcrow@leeds.ac.uk
The title compound, C23H24N4OS, contains a highly asymmetric bifurcated intramolecular hydrogen bond between the hydroxy group and two pyrazole N atoms. The compound associates into centrosymmetric dimers in the crystal through two unique C—H⋯π interactions, which are in turn linked into a (6,3)-network through an additional intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bond.
Comment
Heteroleptic tripodal di- and tripyrazol-1-yl derivatives (so-called `heteroscorpionates') are finding increasing use as ligands to transition metals (Trofimenko, 1999; Otero, Fernández-Baeza, Antiñolo, Tejeda & Lara-Sánchez, 2004). Bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands bearing alkoxy, phenoxy and carboxylate functions have been of particular interest as models for mixed-donor metal biosites (see, for example, Beck et al., 2003; Hammes et al., 2003, 2004; Hoffman et al., 2004) and as protecting groups in organometallic compounds (see, for example, Caballero et al., 2004; Otero et al., 2003; Otero, Fernández-Baeza, Antiñolo, Tejeda, Lara-Sánchez et al., 2004). We have prepared the title compound, (I), as part of our continuing investigation of chemistry related to the copper enzyme galactose oxidase (Halcrow et al., 1999; Liu et al., 2002; Sylvestre et al., 2005), which contains a biologically unique
ortho-(alkylsulfanyl)tyrosyl in its active site (Whittaker, 2003). Three other 2-[bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol derivatives have also been crystallographically characterized by Carrano's group (Higgs & Carrano, 1997, 2002; Shirin & Carrano, 2004).Compound (I) (Fig. 1) was prepared from 5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-3-(phenylsulfanyl)benzaldehyde (Wang & Stack, 1996) and di(pyrazol-1-yl) ketone (Byers et al., 1990) by Carrano's procedure (Higgs & Carrano, 1997), and crystallized from a 1:1 diethyl ether/pentane mixture. All bond lengths and angles within the molecule lie within their usual ranges. There is a bifurcated intramolecular hydrogen bond between hydroxy group O1 and pyrazole atoms N27 and N28, although the latter interaction clearly dominates. Interestingly, this type of hydrogen bond is only observed in one of the other three known 2-[bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol crystal structures (Higgs & Carrano, 2002), despite the apparent proximity of these groups in this class of molecule. As is usual in diaryl the two aryl groups C1–C6 and C1P–C6P are close to being perpendicular, the dihedral angle between their planes being 78.57 (6)°. This configuration does not give rise to a significant intramolecular edge-to-face interaction between these two rings, however, since atom H5 lies 3.00 Å from the centroid of the C1P–C6P ring. This is slightly longer than the sum of the van der Waals radii for a H atom (1.2 Å) and an aromatic ring (1.7 Å; Pauling, 1960).
Neighbouring molecules related by (−x, 1 − y, −z) associate into centrosymmetric dimers through two weak intermolecular interactions involving phenyl group C1P–C6P (Fig. 2). The first is an intermolecular hydrogen bond, viz. C5P—H5P⋯N27i [symmetry code: (i) −x, 1 − y, −z; Table 1]. This contact is probably best considered as a C—H⋯π interaction, since the donor phenyl group C5P—H5P and acceptor pyrazole group N27i—C31i are nearly perpendicular, with a dihedral angle of 80.57 (7)°. The second is another C—H⋯π interaction between atom H6P and the C1i–C6i ring, with a H6P⋯C4i distance of 2.87 Å and a C6P—H6P⋯C4i angle of 159° [as before, the dihedral angle between the planes of the aryl groups C1P–C6P and C1i–C6i is 78.57 (6)°]. The H5P⋯N27i and H6P⋯C4i distances are both 0.1–0.2 Å shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of a H atom (1.2 Å) and an aromatic ring (1.7 Å; Pauling, 1960). Adjacent dimers in the associate into sheets through a C—H⋯N hydrogen bond, viz. C3—H3⋯N23ii [symmetry code: (ii) 1 − x, − + y, − z]. In contrast to the C5P—H5P⋯N27i interaction, atom H3 is clearly positioned to interact with the lone pair of the pyridine-type atom N23ii. The overall effect of these interactions is to link adjacent molecules in the into puckered (6,3) herring-bone sheets running parallel to the (102) crystal plane.
Experimental
A mixture of 5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-3-(phenylsulfanyl)benzaldehyde (1.5 g, 5.2 mmol), di(pyrazol-1-yl) ketone (1.3 g, 5.2 mmol) and CoCl2·6H2O (12 mg, 0.05 mmol) was heated under N2 to 373 K until evolution of CO2 ceased. The resulting pink solid was cooled, dissolved in CH2Cl2, and washed with water and brine. The organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to dryness to leave a yellow oil. Crystallization of the crude product from a 1:1 diethyl ether/pentane solvent mixture afforded yellow crystals (yield 0.74 g, 35%). Analysis found: C 68.3, H 6.0, N 13.8%; calculated for C23H24N4OS: C 68.2, H 6.2, N 14.0%. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 298 K): δ 1.18 [s, 9H, C(CH3)3], 6.31 (pseudo-t, 2.4 Hz, 2H, Pz H4), 7.01 (d, 2.1 Hz, 1H, Ph H3), 7.14–7.27 (m, 5H, C6H5), 7.46 (d, 2.1 Hz, 1H, Ph H5), 7.58 and 7.61 (both d, 2.4 Hz, 2H, Pz H3 and Pz H5), 7.71 (s, 1H, CH).
Crystal data
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Refinement
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All H atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using a riding model [C—H(aryl) = 0.95 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C); C—H(tertiary alkyl) = 1.00 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C); C—H(methyl) = 0.98 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(C); and O—H = 0.84 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(O)].
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 1999); cell DENZO–SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO–SMN; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEX (McArdle, 1995); software used to prepare material for publication: local program.
Supporting information
10.1107/S0108270105007675/bm1606sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S0108270105007675/bm1606Isup2.hkl
A mixture of 2-hydroxy-3-phenylthio-5-tertbutylbenzaldehyde (1.5 g, 5.2 mmol), di(pyrazol-1-yl)ketone (1.3 g, 5.2 mmol) and CoCl2·6H2O (12 mg, 0.05 mmol) was heated under N2 to 373 K until evolution of CO2 ceased. The resultant pink solid was cooled, dissolved in CH2Cl2, and washed with water and brine. The organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to dryness to leave a yellow oil. Crystallization of the crude product from a 1:1 diethyl ether:pentane solvent mixture afforded yellow crystals. Yield 0.74 g, 35%. Analysis found: C 68.3, H 6.0, N 13.8%; calculated for C23H24N4OS: C 68.2, H 6.2, N 14.0%. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 298 K): δ 1.18 [s, 9H, C(CH3)3], 6.31 (pseudo-t, 2.4 Hz, 2H, Pz H4), 7.01 (d, 2.1 Hz, 1H, Ph H3), 7.14–7.27 (m, 5H, C6H5), 7.46 (d, 2.1 Hz, 1H, Ph H5), 7.58 and 7.61 (both d, 2.4 Hz, 2H, Pz H3 and Pz H5), 7.71 (s, 1H, CH).
All H atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using a riding model [C—H(aryl) = 0.95 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C); C—H(tertiary alkyl) = 1.00 Å and Uiso = 1.2Ueq(C); C—H(methyl) = 0.98 Å and 1.5Ueq(C); and O—H = 0.84 Å and Uiso = 1.2Ueq(O).
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 1999); cell
DENZO–SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: DENZO–SMN; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEX (McArdle, 1995); software used to prepare material for publication: local program.C23H24N4OS | F(000) = 856 |
Mr = 404.52 | Dx = 1.246 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 13.6486 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 43089 reflections |
b = 9.3529 (1) Å | θ = 2.4–27.5° |
c = 17.8913 (3) Å | µ = 0.17 mm−1 |
β = 109.214 (1)° | T = 150 K |
V = 2156.67 (5) Å3 | Rectangular prism, yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.66 × 0.53 × 0.43 mm |
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer | 4921 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4101 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.072 |
Detector resolution: 9.091 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.4° |
ω and ϕ scans | h = −17→17 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) | k = −12→12 |
Tmin = 0.594, Tmax = 0.929 | l = −23→23 |
43089 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.129 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.063P)2 + 0.69P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4921 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
263 parameters | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
C23H24N4OS | V = 2156.67 (5) Å3 |
Mr = 404.52 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 13.6486 (2) Å | µ = 0.17 mm−1 |
b = 9.3529 (1) Å | T = 150 K |
c = 17.8913 (3) Å | 0.66 × 0.53 × 0.43 mm |
β = 109.214 (1)° |
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer | 4921 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) | 4101 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.594, Tmax = 0.929 | Rint = 0.072 |
43089 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.129 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.26 e Å−3 |
4921 reflections | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
263 parameters |
Experimental. Detector set at 30 mm from sample with different 2theta offsets 1 degree phi exposures for chi=0 degree settings 1 degree omega exposures for chi=90 degree settings |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. No disorder was detected during refinement, and no restraints were applied. All non-H atoms were refined anisotropically and all H atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using a riding model. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.29760 (10) | 0.71527 (11) | 0.07731 (7) | 0.0481 (3) | |
H1 | 0.3195 | 0.7353 | 0.1258 | 0.058* | |
C1 | 0.27812 (12) | 0.57211 (15) | 0.06800 (9) | 0.0364 (3) | |
C2 | 0.33648 (10) | 0.46714 (14) | 0.11924 (8) | 0.0318 (3) | |
C3 | 0.31037 (10) | 0.32325 (14) | 0.10380 (8) | 0.0309 (3) | |
H3 | 0.3503 | 0.2527 | 0.1389 | 0.037* | |
C4 | 0.22730 (10) | 0.28012 (14) | 0.03829 (8) | 0.0311 (3) | |
C5 | 0.17195 (11) | 0.38610 (15) | −0.01272 (8) | 0.0348 (3) | |
H5 | 0.1157 | 0.3594 | −0.0582 | 0.042* | |
C6 | 0.19666 (12) | 0.53015 (15) | 0.00110 (9) | 0.0376 (3) | |
C21 | 0.43129 (10) | 0.50157 (15) | 0.19005 (8) | 0.0323 (3) | |
H21 | 0.4619 | 0.4086 | 0.2143 | 0.039* | |
N22 | 0.51071 (9) | 0.57597 (13) | 0.16569 (7) | 0.0346 (3) | |
N23 | 0.59566 (10) | 0.62862 (15) | 0.22213 (8) | 0.0430 (3) | |
C24 | 0.65686 (13) | 0.67170 (18) | 0.18190 (11) | 0.0480 (4) | |
H24 | 0.7226 | 0.7156 | 0.2055 | 0.058* | |
C25 | 0.61334 (14) | 0.64484 (19) | 0.10141 (11) | 0.0506 (4) | |
H25 | 0.6424 | 0.6648 | 0.0611 | 0.061* | |
C26 | 0.51919 (13) | 0.58319 (18) | 0.09292 (10) | 0.0445 (4) | |
H26 | 0.4694 | 0.5516 | 0.0449 | 0.053* | |
N27 | 0.41023 (9) | 0.58546 (13) | 0.25183 (7) | 0.0358 (3) | |
N28 | 0.36886 (10) | 0.71827 (14) | 0.23618 (8) | 0.0425 (3) | |
C29 | 0.36040 (13) | 0.76244 (19) | 0.30466 (11) | 0.0502 (4) | |
H29 | 0.3331 | 0.8527 | 0.3122 | 0.060* | |
C30 | 0.39632 (16) | 0.6605 (2) | 0.36349 (11) | 0.0572 (5) | |
H30 | 0.3983 | 0.6669 | 0.4170 | 0.069* | |
C31 | 0.42842 (14) | 0.54808 (19) | 0.32789 (9) | 0.0475 (4) | |
H31 | 0.4578 | 0.4608 | 0.3522 | 0.057* | |
C41 | 0.20023 (11) | 0.12114 (14) | 0.02306 (9) | 0.0347 (3) | |
C42 | 0.19269 (15) | 0.05085 (17) | 0.09788 (10) | 0.0482 (4) | |
H42A | 0.1754 | −0.0505 | 0.0875 | 0.072* | |
H42B | 0.1385 | 0.0982 | 0.1136 | 0.072* | |
H42C | 0.2594 | 0.0597 | 0.1405 | 0.072* | |
C43 | 0.28469 (15) | 0.04803 (17) | −0.00164 (12) | 0.0536 (5) | |
H43A | 0.2679 | −0.0536 | −0.0115 | 0.080* | |
H43B | 0.3515 | 0.0579 | 0.0407 | 0.080* | |
H43C | 0.2889 | 0.0928 | −0.0500 | 0.080* | |
C44 | 0.09585 (15) | 0.10065 (18) | −0.04284 (12) | 0.0579 (5) | |
H44A | 0.0808 | −0.0017 | −0.0511 | 0.087* | |
H44B | 0.0991 | 0.1436 | −0.0919 | 0.087* | |
H44C | 0.0409 | 0.1470 | −0.0276 | 0.087* | |
S1 | 0.12913 (4) | 0.67084 (4) | −0.06146 (3) | 0.05624 (16) | |
C1P | 0.04316 (12) | 0.57428 (15) | −0.14178 (9) | 0.0384 (3) | |
C2P | 0.07755 (13) | 0.5144 (2) | −0.19945 (11) | 0.0489 (4) | |
H2P | 0.1479 | 0.5255 | −0.1965 | 0.059* | |
C3P | 0.00995 (15) | 0.4385 (2) | −0.26109 (11) | 0.0546 (4) | |
H3P | 0.0345 | 0.3951 | −0.2996 | 0.065* | |
C4P | −0.09248 (14) | 0.4252 (2) | −0.26721 (11) | 0.0547 (4) | |
H4P | −0.1390 | 0.3737 | −0.3101 | 0.066* | |
C5P | −0.12716 (14) | 0.4865 (2) | −0.21127 (13) | 0.0625 (5) | |
H5P | −0.1983 | 0.4783 | −0.2158 | 0.075* | |
C6P | −0.05982 (14) | 0.5605 (2) | −0.14793 (11) | 0.0518 (4) | |
H6P | −0.0845 | 0.6016 | −0.1089 | 0.062* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0589 (7) | 0.0243 (5) | 0.0469 (6) | −0.0022 (5) | −0.0015 (5) | −0.0010 (4) |
C1 | 0.0409 (7) | 0.0254 (6) | 0.0390 (8) | −0.0011 (5) | 0.0077 (6) | −0.0012 (5) |
C2 | 0.0331 (6) | 0.0287 (6) | 0.0321 (7) | −0.0012 (5) | 0.0087 (5) | −0.0013 (5) |
C3 | 0.0322 (6) | 0.0264 (6) | 0.0344 (7) | 0.0012 (5) | 0.0113 (5) | 0.0015 (5) |
C4 | 0.0338 (7) | 0.0268 (6) | 0.0340 (7) | −0.0009 (5) | 0.0128 (5) | −0.0005 (5) |
C5 | 0.0370 (7) | 0.0296 (7) | 0.0343 (7) | −0.0012 (5) | 0.0071 (6) | −0.0005 (5) |
C6 | 0.0411 (7) | 0.0281 (7) | 0.0374 (7) | 0.0020 (6) | 0.0044 (6) | 0.0018 (5) |
C21 | 0.0324 (7) | 0.0308 (6) | 0.0328 (7) | −0.0013 (5) | 0.0095 (5) | −0.0013 (5) |
N22 | 0.0344 (6) | 0.0335 (6) | 0.0355 (6) | −0.0029 (5) | 0.0109 (5) | −0.0037 (5) |
N23 | 0.0347 (6) | 0.0477 (7) | 0.0444 (7) | −0.0084 (5) | 0.0098 (5) | −0.0079 (6) |
C24 | 0.0415 (8) | 0.0442 (9) | 0.0613 (11) | −0.0097 (7) | 0.0209 (8) | −0.0083 (7) |
C25 | 0.0570 (10) | 0.0479 (9) | 0.0572 (10) | −0.0097 (8) | 0.0326 (9) | −0.0040 (8) |
C26 | 0.0515 (9) | 0.0472 (9) | 0.0377 (8) | −0.0075 (7) | 0.0185 (7) | −0.0055 (6) |
N27 | 0.0346 (6) | 0.0364 (6) | 0.0365 (6) | −0.0042 (5) | 0.0119 (5) | −0.0049 (5) |
N28 | 0.0402 (7) | 0.0365 (6) | 0.0505 (8) | −0.0010 (5) | 0.0145 (6) | −0.0093 (6) |
C29 | 0.0446 (9) | 0.0497 (9) | 0.0629 (11) | −0.0129 (7) | 0.0269 (8) | −0.0231 (8) |
C30 | 0.0687 (12) | 0.0631 (11) | 0.0495 (10) | −0.0225 (9) | 0.0325 (9) | −0.0184 (9) |
C31 | 0.0572 (10) | 0.0499 (9) | 0.0375 (8) | −0.0143 (7) | 0.0183 (7) | −0.0041 (7) |
C41 | 0.0394 (7) | 0.0261 (6) | 0.0386 (7) | −0.0028 (5) | 0.0127 (6) | −0.0008 (5) |
C42 | 0.0638 (11) | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0499 (9) | −0.0109 (7) | 0.0238 (8) | 0.0006 (7) |
C43 | 0.0661 (11) | 0.0294 (7) | 0.0786 (13) | −0.0015 (7) | 0.0419 (10) | −0.0055 (8) |
C44 | 0.0610 (11) | 0.0332 (8) | 0.0616 (11) | −0.0110 (7) | −0.0040 (9) | −0.0020 (7) |
S1 | 0.0669 (3) | 0.0278 (2) | 0.0505 (3) | 0.00103 (17) | −0.0124 (2) | 0.00303 (16) |
C1P | 0.0413 (8) | 0.0310 (7) | 0.0366 (7) | 0.0024 (6) | 0.0041 (6) | 0.0039 (6) |
C2P | 0.0372 (8) | 0.0564 (10) | 0.0536 (10) | 0.0002 (7) | 0.0154 (7) | 0.0002 (8) |
C3P | 0.0563 (10) | 0.0667 (12) | 0.0449 (9) | 0.0014 (9) | 0.0223 (8) | −0.0087 (8) |
C4P | 0.0493 (10) | 0.0617 (11) | 0.0478 (10) | −0.0080 (8) | 0.0086 (8) | −0.0127 (8) |
C5P | 0.0389 (9) | 0.0770 (13) | 0.0737 (13) | −0.0112 (9) | 0.0214 (9) | −0.0186 (10) |
C6P | 0.0516 (9) | 0.0568 (10) | 0.0529 (10) | −0.0017 (8) | 0.0253 (8) | −0.0103 (8) |
O1—C1 | 1.3646 (17) | C29—H29 | 0.9500 |
O1—H1 | 0.84 | C30—C31 | 1.373 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.395 (2) | C30—H30 | 0.9500 |
C1—C2 | 1.3994 (19) | C31—H31 | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.3963 (18) | C41—C42 | 1.525 (2) |
C2—C21 | 1.5179 (18) | C41—C43 | 1.525 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.3955 (19) | C41—C44 | 1.533 (2) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C42—H42A | 0.9800 |
C4—C5 | 1.3901 (19) | C42—H42B | 0.9800 |
C4—C41 | 1.5347 (18) | C42—H42C | 0.9800 |
C5—C6 | 1.3911 (19) | C43—H43A | 0.9800 |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C43—H43B | 0.9800 |
C6—S1 | 1.7762 (15) | C43—H43C | 0.9800 |
C21—N27 | 1.4592 (18) | C44—H44A | 0.9800 |
C21—N22 | 1.4698 (18) | C44—H44B | 0.9800 |
C21—H21 | 1.0000 | C44—H44C | 0.9800 |
N22—C26 | 1.3460 (19) | S1—C1P | 1.7741 (15) |
N22—N23 | 1.3549 (17) | C1P—C6P | 1.379 (2) |
N23—C24 | 1.332 (2) | C1P—C2P | 1.385 (2) |
C24—C25 | 1.388 (3) | C2P—C3P | 1.379 (3) |
C24—H24 | 0.9500 | C2P—H2P | 0.9500 |
C25—C26 | 1.371 (2) | C3P—C4P | 1.372 (3) |
C25—H25 | 0.9500 | C3P—H3P | 0.9500 |
C26—H26 | 0.9500 | C4P—C5P | 1.366 (3) |
N27—C31 | 1.347 (2) | C4P—H4P | 0.9500 |
N27—N28 | 1.3550 (18) | C5P—C6P | 1.387 (3) |
N28—C29 | 1.333 (2) | C5P—H5P | 0.9500 |
C29—C30 | 1.385 (3) | C6P—H6P | 0.9500 |
C1—O1—H1 | 109.5 | C29—C30—H30 | 127.4 |
O1—C1—C6 | 116.68 (13) | N27—C31—C30 | 106.80 (17) |
O1—C1—C2 | 124.22 (13) | N27—C31—H31 | 126.6 |
C6—C1—C2 | 119.06 (12) | C30—C31—H31 | 126.6 |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.56 (13) | C42—C41—C43 | 109.68 (13) |
C3—C2—C21 | 117.49 (12) | C42—C41—C44 | 107.88 (14) |
C1—C2—C21 | 122.89 (12) | C43—C41—C44 | 108.71 (15) |
C4—C3—C2 | 121.92 (12) | C42—C41—C4 | 110.10 (12) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.0 | C43—C41—C4 | 108.97 (12) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.0 | C44—C41—C4 | 111.47 (12) |
C5—C4—C3 | 117.46 (12) | C41—C42—H42A | 109.5 |
C5—C4—C41 | 121.82 (13) | C41—C42—H42B | 109.5 |
C3—C4—C41 | 120.72 (12) | H42A—C42—H42B | 109.5 |
C4—C5—C6 | 121.75 (13) | C41—C42—H42C | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.1 | H42A—C42—H42C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.1 | H42B—C42—H42C | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.20 (13) | C41—C43—H43A | 109.5 |
C5—C6—S1 | 124.08 (11) | C41—C43—H43B | 109.5 |
C1—C6—S1 | 115.72 (10) | H43A—C43—H43B | 109.5 |
N27—C21—N22 | 108.57 (11) | C41—C43—H43C | 109.5 |
N27—C21—C2 | 114.83 (11) | H43A—C43—H43C | 109.5 |
N22—C21—C2 | 111.24 (11) | H43B—C43—H43C | 109.5 |
N27—C21—H21 | 107.3 | C41—C44—H44A | 109.5 |
N22—C21—H21 | 107.3 | C41—C44—H44B | 109.5 |
C2—C21—H21 | 107.3 | H44A—C44—H44B | 109.5 |
C26—N22—N23 | 112.20 (12) | C41—C44—H44C | 109.5 |
C26—N22—C21 | 128.10 (12) | H44A—C44—H44C | 109.5 |
N23—N22—C21 | 118.99 (11) | H44B—C44—H44C | 109.5 |
C24—N23—N22 | 104.01 (13) | C1P—S1—C6 | 101.60 (7) |
N23—C24—C25 | 112.07 (15) | C6P—C1P—C2P | 119.28 (15) |
N23—C24—H24 | 124.0 | C6P—C1P—S1 | 119.80 (13) |
C25—C24—H24 | 124.0 | C2P—C1P—S1 | 120.90 (12) |
C26—C25—C24 | 104.86 (15) | C3P—C2P—C1P | 120.17 (15) |
C26—C25—H25 | 127.6 | C3P—C2P—H2P | 119.9 |
C24—C25—H25 | 127.6 | C1P—C2P—H2P | 119.9 |
N22—C26—C25 | 106.85 (15) | C4P—C3P—C2P | 120.44 (16) |
N22—C26—H26 | 126.6 | C4P—C3P—H3P | 119.8 |
C25—C26—H26 | 126.6 | C2P—C3P—H3P | 119.8 |
C31—N27—N28 | 111.87 (13) | C5P—C4P—C3P | 119.55 (16) |
C31—N27—C21 | 127.52 (14) | C5P—C4P—H4P | 120.2 |
N28—N27—C21 | 120.60 (12) | C3P—C4P—H4P | 120.2 |
C29—N28—N27 | 104.50 (14) | C4P—C5P—C6P | 120.80 (16) |
N28—C29—C30 | 111.65 (16) | C4P—C5P—H5P | 119.6 |
N28—C29—H29 | 124.2 | C6P—C5P—H5P | 119.6 |
C30—C29—H29 | 124.2 | C1P—C6P—C5P | 119.71 (16) |
C31—C30—C29 | 105.17 (16) | C1P—C6P—H6P | 120.1 |
C31—C30—H30 | 127.4 | C5P—C6P—H6P | 120.1 |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C3—H3···N23i | 0.95 | 2.62 | 3.4682 (19) | 149 |
O1—H1···N27 | 0.84 | 2.60 | 3.2292 (17) | 133 |
O1—H1···N28 | 0.84 | 1.87 | 2.6846 (18) | 162 |
C5P—H5P···N27ii | 0.95 | 2.81 | 3.750 (2) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C23H24N4OS |
Mr | 404.52 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 150 |
a, b, c (Å) | 13.6486 (2), 9.3529 (1), 17.8913 (3) |
β (°) | 109.214 (1) |
V (Å3) | 2156.67 (5) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.17 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.66 × 0.53 × 0.43 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.594, 0.929 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 43089, 4921, 4101 |
Rint | 0.072 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.044, 0.129, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 4921 |
No. of parameters | 263 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.26, −0.41 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 1999), DENZO–SMN (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), DENZO–SMN, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEX (McArdle, 1995), local program.
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C3—H3···N23i | 0.95 | 2.62 | 3.4682 (19) | 149 |
O1—H1···N27 | 0.84 | 2.60 | 3.2292 (17) | 133 |
O1—H1···N28 | 0.84 | 1.87 | 2.6846 (18) | 162 |
C5P—H5P···N27ii | 0.95 | 2.81 | 3.750 (2) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z. |
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the EPSRC and the University of Leeds for funding.
References
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Heteroleptic tripodal di- and tripyrazol-1-yl derivatives (so-called `heteroscorpionates') are finding increasing use as ligands to transition metals (Trofimenko, 1999; Otero, Fernández-Baeza, Antiñolo, Tejeda & Lara-Sánchez, 2004). Bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands bearing alkoxy, phenoxy and carboxylate functions have been of particular interest, as models for mixed-donor metal biosites (see e.g. Beck et al., 2003; Hammes et al., 2003, 2004; Hoffman et al., 2004) and as protecting groups in organometallic compounds (see e.g. Caballero et al., 2004; Otero et al., 2003; Otero, Fernández-Baeza, Antiñolo, Tejeda, Lara-Sánchez et al., 2004). We have prepared the title compound, (I), as part of our continuing investigation of chemistry related to the copper enzyme galactose oxidase (Halcrow et al., 1999; Liu et al., 2002; Sylvestre et al., 2005), which contains a biologically unique ortho(alkylsulfanyl)tyrosyl free radical in its active site (Whittaker, 2003). Three other 2-[bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol derivatives have also been crystallographically characterized by Carrano's group (Higgs & Carrano, 1997, 2002; Shirin & Carrano, 2004).
Compound (I) (Fig. 1) was prepared from 2-hydroxy-3-phenylthio-5-tertbutylbenzaldehyde (Wang & Stack, 1996) and di(pyrazol-1-yl)ketone (Byers et al., 1990) by Carrano's procedure (Higgs & Carrano, 1997), and crystallized from a 1:1 diethyl ether/pentane mixture. All bond lengths and angles within the molecule lie within their usual ranges. There is a bifurcated intramolecular hydrogen bond between hydroxy group O1 and pyrazole atoms N27 and N28, although the latter interaction clearly dominates. ##AUTHOR: Minor addition to previous sentence - please approve. Interestingly, this type of hydrogen bond is only observed in one of the other three known 2-[bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]phenol crystal structures (Higgs & Carrano, 2002), despite the apparent proximity of these groups in this class of molecule. As is usual in diarylsulfides, the two aryl groups C1–C6 and C1P–C6P are close to perpendicular, the dihedral angle between their planes being 78.57 (6)°. This configuration does not give rise to a significant intramolecular edge-to-face interaction between these two rings, however, since atom H5 lies 3.00 Å from the centroid of the C1P–C6P ring, which places these two moieties in van der Waals contact (Pauling, 1960).
Neighbouring molecules related by (−x, 1 − y, −z) associate into centrosymmetric dimers through two weak intermolecular interactions involving phenyl group C1P–C6P (Fig. 2). The first is an intermolecular hydrogen bond, C5P—H5P···N27i [symmetry code: (i) −x, 1 − y, −z]. This contact is probably best considered as a C—H···π interaction, since the donor phenyl group C5P—H5P and acceptor pyrazole group N27i–C31i are nearly perpendicular, with a dihedral angle of 80.57 (7)°. The second is another C—H···π interaction between atom H6P and the C1i–C6i ring, with an H6P···C4i distance of 2.87 Å and an C6P—H6P···C4i angle of 159° [as before, the dihedral angle between the aryl groups C1P–C6P and C1i–C6i is 78.57 (6)°]. Both the H5P···N27i and the H6P···C4i distances are 0.1–0.2 Å shorter than the sum of van der Waals radii of a H atom (1.2 Å) and an aromatic ring (1.7 Å; Pauling, 1960). Adjacent dimers in the crystal structure associate into sheets through a C—H···N hydrogen bond C3—H3···N23ii [symmetry code: (ii) 1 − x, −1/2 + y, 1/2 − z]. In contrast to the C5P—H5P···N27i interaction, atom H3 is clearly positioned to interact with the lone pair of the pyridine-type atom N23ii. The overall effect of these interactions is to link adjacent molecules in the crystal structure into puckered (6,3) herringbone sheets running parallel to the (102) crystal plane. ##AUTHOR: Please check the plane is not (−102).