organic compounds
2-(4-Chloroanilino)- and 2-(4-methoxyanilino)-1,2-diphenylethanone
aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, England, and bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Oriente, P. Lumumba s/n, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba
*Correspondence e-mail: o.au-alvarez@cnt.uo.edu.cu
The title compounds, C20H16ClNO and C21H19NO2, adopt syn orientations of the C=O and N—H bonds but, like their analogues, form no strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Comment
Few 1-arylanilinoethanone derivatives have been structurally studied so far, although some of them are important in synthesis (Saraogi et al., 2003), while others possess interesting charge-transfer properties (Abdulla et al., 1985). These compounds also display rather unusual supramolecular arrangements (see below). The present low-temperature study of compounds (I) and (II) follows on from our structural determinations of the parent compound 2-anilino-1,2-diphenylethanone, (III) (Au & Tafeenko, 1987), its methyl derivative 1,2-diphenyl-2-(p-toluidino)ethanone, (IV) (Au & Tafeenko, 1986), and 1,2-bis(2-furyl)-2-(p-toluidino)ethanone, (V) (Au & Tafeenko, 1988).
The structures of (I) and (II) both contain one molecule per Crystals of (I) and (IV) are isostructural, the Cl atom of van der Waals radius 1.76 Å (Rowland & Taylor, 1996) replacing the methyl group of effective radius 2.0 Å. In (I), the C3—C1—C2—N—C15 backbone adopts an all-trans conformation and is planar within ±0.1 Å (Fig. 1). The terminal benzene rings, A and B, are nearly coplanar, whereas the central ring, C, is nearly normal to them [interplanar angles: 6.1 (1)° for A/B, 81.7 (1)° for A/C and 86.1 (1)° for B/C]. Very similar conformations have been observed previously in (III), (IV) and (V), as well as in analogues without substituents in the 2-position, such as (VI) (Saraogi et al., 2003) or (VII) (Abdulla et al., 1985). Such a conformation brings the C1=O1 and N—H1 bonds into a syn orientation, and apparently favours the formation of a centrosymmetric dimer of molecules, linked via a pair of strong N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. A dimer of topology R22(10) according to the graph-set nomenclature (Etter, 1990) is present in the structure (Fig. 2), but the molecules are so widely separated that only weak N—H⋯O interactions can exist. The N⋯O1′ distance [3.479 (2) Å] is much longer and the corrected H1⋯O1′ distance [2.59 (2) Å] is only marginally shorter than the corresponding sums of van der Waals radii, 3.22 and 2.68 Å (Rowland & Taylor, 1996).
Two molecules of (I), related via the inversion (2 − x, −y, 1 − z), have their PhCOCNHC6H4Cl systems stacked face-to-face, the C=O bond of each molecule overlapping with the B ring of another. Notwithstanding the tight interplanar separation of 3.33 Å, there is no evidence of intermolecular charge transfer, such as occurs in the intensely coloured crystal of (VII). The formation of continuous stacks is rendered impossible by the perpendicular phenyl ring C.
Compound (II) (Fig. 1) has a more twisted conformation of the backbone (see Fig. 3, and the torsion angles in Tables 1 and 3), and the inter-ring angles are 64.0 (1)° for A/B, 85.0 (1)° for A/C and 77.3 (1)° for B/C. Nevertheless, the C=O and N—H bonds remain in a syn orientation. Unlike (I), the structure contains no dimers. The N—H bond points roughly toward the pπ orbital of atom C6 of an adjacent molecule, related via an inversion at (−x, 1 − y, −z), the corrected H⋯C distance being 2.90 (2) Å.
Thus, a prominent feature of both structures is the absence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The intramolecular H1⋯O1 contacts (Tables 2 and 4) have awkward angular geometry, quite atypical for unconstrained hydrogen bonds, although these interactions probably help to stabilize the syn conformations of the molecules. Compounds (IV), (VI) and (VII) form `distant dimers', as in (I), with N⋯O distances of 3.57, 3.41 and 3.60 Å, respectively. The structures of (III) and (V), in broad resemblance of (II), contain no dimers at all, but show intermolecular N—H⋯C(aryl) contacts, in both cases with the ortho atom of the `anilinic' benzene ring (ring B in Fig. 1). The H⋯C distances of 2.97 Å in (III) and 3.05 Å in (V) are unexceptional.
Thus, none of the structurally characterized 1-arylanilinoethanones forms strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. If the terminal benzene rings (A and B) are coplanar with the molecular backbone, as in (I), their steric repulsion can prevent closer approach of the polar groups to one another. Thus, in (I), the intradimer distances H8⋯H16′ and H16⋯H8′ (Fig. 2) are 2.14 Å, i.e. they constitute close van der Waals contacts. However, in principle, the rings could adopt a less hindering orientation.
The N atom has planar–trigonal geometry in (I) but is significantly pyramidal in (II), the refined position of atom H1 deviating from the C2/N/C15 plane by 0.038 (18) and 0.354 (15) Å, respectively. It is noteworthy that the N atom is also nearly planar in (IV), (VI) and (VII) but strongly pyramidal in (III) and (V). In other words, planar geometry always accompanies `distant dimers', whereas pyramidalization accompanies N—H⋯C(aryl) contacts. Thus, even these apparently weak intermolecular interactions can influence the molecular geometry.
Experimental
Compounds (I) and (II) were prepared by refluxing benzoin (28 mmol) with p-chloroaniline or p-methoxyaniline (28 mmol), respectively, in dimethylformamide (1 ml) for 4 h. Crystals of X-ray quality were grown from ethanol [m.p. 435–436 K for (I) and 373–374 K for (II)]. IR (cm−1): ν(C=O) 1670 (I), 1673 (II); ν(N—H) 3391 (I), 3400 (II); ν(C—Cl) 752 (I).
Compound (I)
Crystal data
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Data collection
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Refinement
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Compound (II)
Crystal data
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Data collection
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Refinement
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The amine H atoms were refined freely in isotropic approximation; the methyl group in (II) was refined as a rigid body (C—H = 0.98 Å) with a single refined Uiso(H) value. All other H atoms were treated as riding on their carrier C atoms (Csp2—H = 0.95 Å and Csp3—H = 1.00 Å), with Uiso(H) values of 1.2Ueq(C). The discussion of intermolecular contacts refers to idealized H-atom positions, corresponding to the `neutron' bond lengths (N—H = 1.01 Å and C—H = 1.08 Å).
For both compounds, data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell SAINT [Version 6.45A (Bruker, 2003) for (I) and Version 6.02A (Bruker, 2001) for (II)]; data reduction: SAINT [Version 6.45A for (I) and Version 6.02A for (II)]; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2003); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S0108270106012881/dn3012sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I, II. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock oaa004_m. DOI: 10.1107/S0108270106012881/dn3012Isup2.hkl
Structure factors: contains datablock 05oaa001. DOI: 10.1107/S0108270106012881/dn3012IIsup3.hkl
Compounds (I) and (II) were prepared by refluxing 28 mmol of benzoin with 28 mmol of p-chloroaniline or p-methoxyaniline, respectively, in 1 ml of dimethylformamide for 4 h. Crystals of X-ray quality were grown from ethanol [m.p. 435–436 K for (I) and 373–374 K for (II)]. IR (cm−1): ν(C═O) 1670 (I), 1673 (II); ν(N—H) 3391 (I), 3400 (II); ν(C—Cl) 752 (I).
The amine H atoms were refined freely in isotropic approximation; the methyl group in (II) was refined as a rigid body (C—H = 0.98 Å) with a single refined Uiso(H). All other H atoms were treated as riding on the carrier C atoms (Csp2—H = 0.95 Å and Csp3—H 1.00 Å) with Uiso(H) values of 1.2Ueq(C). The discussion of intermolecular contacts refers to idealized H-atom positions, corresponding to the `neutron' bond lengths (N—H = 1.01 Å and C—H = 1.08 Å).
For both compounds, data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001). Cell
SAINT (Version 6.45A; Bruker, 2003) for (I); SAINT (Version 6.02A; Bruker, 2001) for (II). Data reduction: SAINT (Version 6.45A) for (I); SAINT (Version 6.02A) for (II). For both compounds, program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2003); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.C20H16ClNO | Z = 2 |
Mr = 321.79 | F(000) = 336 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.399 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Melting point: 436(1) K |
a = 5.7748 (8) Å | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
b = 11.485 (2) Å | Cell parameters from 4129 reflections |
c = 13.086 (2) Å | θ = 3.2–29.3° |
α = 113.47 (1)° | µ = 0.25 mm−1 |
β = 100.39 (1)° | T = 120 K |
γ = 97.29 (1)° | Thin plate, colourless |
V = 763.8 (2) Å3 | 0.52 × 0.12 × 0.04 mm |
ProteumM APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2860 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: 60W microfocus Bede Microsource with glass polycapillary optics | Rint = 0.099 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.2° |
Detector resolution: 8 pixels mm-1 | h = −7→7 |
ω scans | k = −14→14 |
8385 measured reflections | l = −16→16 |
3452 independent reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.101 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0218P)2 + 0.0976P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3452 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
212 parameters | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.20 e Å−3 |
C20H16ClNO | γ = 97.29 (1)° |
Mr = 321.79 | V = 763.8 (2) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 2 |
a = 5.7748 (8) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 11.485 (2) Å | µ = 0.25 mm−1 |
c = 13.086 (2) Å | T = 120 K |
α = 113.47 (1)° | 0.52 × 0.12 × 0.04 mm |
β = 100.39 (1)° |
ProteumM APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2860 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
8385 measured reflections | Rint = 0.099 |
3452 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.101 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
3452 reflections | Δρmin = −0.20 e Å−3 |
212 parameters |
Experimental. The data collection nominally covered full sphere of reciprocal space, by a combination of 3 runs of narrow-frame ω-scans (scan width 0.3° ω), every run at a different ϕ angle. Crystal to detector distance 4.96 cm. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. Amino H1 atom was refined in isotropic approximation, other H atoms were included in riding model. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Cl | 1.71577 (6) | 0.46113 (4) | 0.88681 (3) | 0.02593 (12) | |
O1 | 0.45508 (17) | −0.00405 (10) | 0.35124 (10) | 0.0240 (2) | |
N | 0.8733 (2) | 0.12372 (12) | 0.49961 (11) | 0.0182 (3) | |
H1 | 0.751 (3) | 0.0962 (17) | 0.5136 (16) | 0.029 (5)* | |
C1 | 0.6187 (2) | 0.00749 (13) | 0.30583 (13) | 0.0171 (3) | |
C2 | 0.8650 (2) | 0.09654 (13) | 0.38132 (12) | 0.0160 (3) | |
H2 | 0.9965 | 0.0511 | 0.3579 | 0.019* | |
C3 | 0.5800 (2) | −0.06112 (13) | 0.17882 (13) | 0.0179 (3) | |
C4 | 0.7621 (3) | −0.05376 (14) | 0.12232 (14) | 0.0237 (3) | |
H4 | 0.9184 | −0.0015 | 0.1656 | 0.028* | |
C5 | 0.7152 (3) | −0.12205 (15) | 0.00382 (15) | 0.0279 (4) | |
H5 | 0.8386 | −0.1149 | −0.0338 | 0.034* | |
C6 | 0.4906 (3) | −0.20073 (16) | −0.05995 (15) | 0.0298 (4) | |
H6 | 0.4595 | −0.2475 | −0.1412 | 0.036* | |
C7 | 0.3104 (3) | −0.21092 (16) | −0.00462 (14) | 0.0295 (4) | |
H7 | 0.1567 | −0.2664 | −0.0479 | 0.035* | |
C8 | 0.3538 (3) | −0.14060 (15) | 0.11298 (14) | 0.0233 (3) | |
H8 | 0.2280 | −0.1465 | 0.1497 | 0.028* | |
C9 | 0.8911 (2) | 0.22060 (13) | 0.36177 (12) | 0.0160 (3) | |
C10 | 0.7374 (2) | 0.30467 (13) | 0.39645 (13) | 0.0184 (3) | |
H10 | 0.6192 | 0.2852 | 0.4327 | 0.022* | |
C11 | 0.7549 (3) | 0.41642 (14) | 0.37888 (14) | 0.0218 (3) | |
H11 | 0.6493 | 0.4731 | 0.4032 | 0.026* | |
C12 | 0.9266 (3) | 0.44563 (14) | 0.32580 (14) | 0.0232 (3) | |
H12 | 0.9365 | 0.5213 | 0.3123 | 0.028* | |
C13 | 1.0831 (2) | 0.36414 (15) | 0.29262 (14) | 0.0226 (3) | |
H13 | 1.2026 | 0.3846 | 0.2575 | 0.027* | |
C14 | 1.0659 (2) | 0.25224 (14) | 0.31067 (13) | 0.0188 (3) | |
H14 | 1.1743 | 0.1968 | 0.2879 | 0.023* | |
C15 | 1.0720 (2) | 0.19796 (13) | 0.58880 (12) | 0.0152 (3) | |
C16 | 1.0584 (2) | 0.23800 (13) | 0.70349 (13) | 0.0176 (3) | |
H16 | 0.9117 | 0.2100 | 0.7187 | 0.021* | |
C17 | 1.2533 (2) | 0.31719 (14) | 0.79477 (13) | 0.0195 (3) | |
H17 | 1.2404 | 0.3432 | 0.8717 | 0.023* | |
C18 | 1.4688 (2) | 0.35861 (14) | 0.77318 (13) | 0.0184 (3) | |
C19 | 1.4890 (2) | 0.31783 (13) | 0.66101 (13) | 0.0179 (3) | |
H19 | 1.6373 | 0.3448 | 0.6466 | 0.021* | |
C20 | 1.2943 (2) | 0.23808 (13) | 0.56997 (13) | 0.0173 (3) | |
H20 | 1.3109 | 0.2099 | 0.4934 | 0.021* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cl | 0.0228 (2) | 0.0270 (2) | 0.0195 (2) | −0.00290 (14) | 0.00042 (14) | 0.00615 (15) |
O1 | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0262 (6) | 0.0243 (6) | −0.0023 (4) | 0.0071 (4) | 0.0083 (5) |
N | 0.0138 (5) | 0.0236 (6) | 0.0178 (6) | −0.0015 (5) | 0.0044 (5) | 0.0109 (5) |
C1 | 0.0155 (6) | 0.0135 (6) | 0.0231 (8) | 0.0025 (5) | 0.0044 (6) | 0.0093 (6) |
C2 | 0.0149 (6) | 0.0163 (7) | 0.0173 (7) | 0.0015 (5) | 0.0052 (5) | 0.0078 (6) |
C3 | 0.0171 (6) | 0.0166 (7) | 0.0205 (7) | 0.0024 (5) | 0.0036 (6) | 0.0094 (6) |
C4 | 0.0193 (7) | 0.0223 (8) | 0.0242 (8) | −0.0014 (6) | 0.0058 (6) | 0.0064 (6) |
C5 | 0.0277 (8) | 0.0293 (9) | 0.0247 (8) | 0.0025 (7) | 0.0114 (7) | 0.0088 (7) |
C6 | 0.0325 (8) | 0.0315 (9) | 0.0191 (8) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0029 (7) | 0.0077 (7) |
C7 | 0.0229 (7) | 0.0351 (9) | 0.0225 (8) | −0.0044 (7) | −0.0019 (6) | 0.0110 (7) |
C8 | 0.0180 (7) | 0.0285 (8) | 0.0224 (8) | −0.0003 (6) | 0.0022 (6) | 0.0128 (7) |
C9 | 0.0141 (6) | 0.0148 (7) | 0.0155 (7) | −0.0015 (5) | 0.0010 (5) | 0.0056 (5) |
C10 | 0.0157 (6) | 0.0191 (7) | 0.0183 (7) | 0.0001 (5) | 0.0032 (6) | 0.0075 (6) |
C11 | 0.0195 (7) | 0.0180 (7) | 0.0234 (8) | 0.0029 (6) | −0.0001 (6) | 0.0073 (6) |
C12 | 0.0231 (7) | 0.0178 (7) | 0.0256 (8) | −0.0032 (6) | −0.0025 (6) | 0.0124 (6) |
C13 | 0.0175 (7) | 0.0262 (8) | 0.0224 (8) | −0.0049 (6) | 0.0023 (6) | 0.0131 (6) |
C14 | 0.0152 (6) | 0.0201 (7) | 0.0187 (7) | 0.0011 (5) | 0.0037 (6) | 0.0072 (6) |
C15 | 0.0143 (6) | 0.0138 (6) | 0.0189 (7) | 0.0032 (5) | 0.0040 (5) | 0.0088 (6) |
C16 | 0.0165 (6) | 0.0194 (7) | 0.0208 (7) | 0.0038 (5) | 0.0073 (6) | 0.0117 (6) |
C17 | 0.0225 (7) | 0.0206 (7) | 0.0168 (7) | 0.0048 (6) | 0.0065 (6) | 0.0087 (6) |
C18 | 0.0178 (6) | 0.0162 (7) | 0.0187 (7) | 0.0020 (5) | 0.0017 (6) | 0.0067 (6) |
C19 | 0.0143 (6) | 0.0194 (7) | 0.0213 (7) | 0.0028 (5) | 0.0051 (6) | 0.0102 (6) |
C20 | 0.0162 (6) | 0.0196 (7) | 0.0174 (7) | 0.0032 (5) | 0.0057 (6) | 0.0089 (6) |
Cl—C18 | 1.7453 (16) | C9—C14 | 1.3937 (18) |
O1—C1 | 1.2237 (16) | C10—C11 | 1.3858 (19) |
N—C15 | 1.3718 (19) | C10—H10 | 0.9501 |
N—C2 | 1.4423 (18) | C11—C12 | 1.389 (2) |
N—H1 | 0.817 (17) | C11—H11 | 0.9501 |
C1—C3 | 1.487 (2) | C12—C13 | 1.383 (2) |
C1—C2 | 1.5375 (19) | C12—H12 | 0.9499 |
C2—C9 | 1.5389 (18) | C13—C14 | 1.391 (2) |
C2—H2 | 1.0000 | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C3—C8 | 1.395 (2) | C14—H14 | 0.9501 |
C3—C4 | 1.4026 (19) | C15—C16 | 1.4044 (19) |
C4—C5 | 1.385 (2) | C15—C20 | 1.4058 (17) |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C16—C17 | 1.382 (2) |
C5—C6 | 1.381 (2) | C16—H16 | 0.9499 |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C17—C18 | 1.3923 (18) |
C6—C7 | 1.389 (2) | C17—H17 | 0.9500 |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C18—C19 | 1.384 (2) |
C7—C8 | 1.379 (2) | C19—C20 | 1.382 (2) |
C7—H7 | 0.9500 | C19—H19 | 0.9500 |
C8—H8 | 0.9500 | C20—H20 | 0.9501 |
C9—C10 | 1.393 (2) | ||
C15—N—C2 | 122.94 (11) | C11—C10—C9 | 120.81 (12) |
C15—N—H1 | 119.2 (14) | C11—C10—H10 | 119.6 |
C2—N—H1 | 117.8 (14) | C9—C10—H10 | 119.6 |
O1—C1—C3 | 120.76 (13) | C10—C11—C12 | 120.08 (14) |
O1—C1—C2 | 119.27 (13) | C10—C11—H11 | 120.0 |
C3—C1—C2 | 119.95 (11) | C12—C11—H11 | 119.9 |
N—C2—C1 | 108.27 (10) | C13—C12—C11 | 119.74 (13) |
N—C2—C9 | 112.38 (11) | C13—C12—H12 | 120.2 |
C1—C2—C9 | 107.82 (11) | C11—C12—H12 | 120.1 |
N—C2—H2 | 109.4 | C12—C13—C14 | 120.11 (13) |
C1—C2—H2 | 109.5 | C12—C13—H13 | 119.9 |
C9—C2—H2 | 109.5 | C14—C13—H13 | 119.9 |
C8—C3—C4 | 118.32 (14) | C13—C14—C9 | 120.62 (13) |
C8—C3—C1 | 118.38 (12) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.7 |
C4—C3—C1 | 123.26 (13) | C9—C14—H14 | 119.7 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.36 (14) | N—C15—C16 | 120.50 (11) |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.9 | N—C15—C20 | 122.03 (13) |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.8 | C16—C15—C20 | 117.47 (13) |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.55 (14) | C17—C16—C15 | 121.54 (12) |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.7 | C17—C16—H16 | 119.3 |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.7 | C15—C16—H16 | 119.2 |
C5—C6—C7 | 119.58 (15) | C16—C17—C18 | 119.57 (13) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.2 | C16—C17—H17 | 120.3 |
C7—C6—H6 | 120.2 | C18—C17—H17 | 120.2 |
C8—C7—C6 | 120.20 (14) | C19—C18—C17 | 120.06 (14) |
C8—C7—H7 | 119.9 | C19—C18—Cl | 119.46 (10) |
C6—C7—H7 | 119.9 | C17—C18—Cl | 120.49 (12) |
C7—C8—C3 | 120.96 (14) | C20—C19—C18 | 120.23 (12) |
C7—C8—H8 | 119.5 | C20—C19—H19 | 119.9 |
C3—C8—H8 | 119.5 | C18—C19—H19 | 119.9 |
C10—C9—C14 | 118.61 (12) | C19—C20—C15 | 121.08 (13) |
C10—C9—C2 | 119.51 (11) | C19—C20—H20 | 119.5 |
C14—C9—C2 | 121.88 (12) | C15—C20—H20 | 119.4 |
C8—C3—C1—O1 | −1.0 (2) | C2—N—C15—C16 | 170.18 (12) |
C8—C3—C1—C2 | −179.68 (13) | O1—C1—C2—N | 15.53 (18) |
C3—C1—C2—N | −165.81 (12) | C1—C2—C9—C10 | 65.65 (16) |
C1—C2—N—C15 | 178.20 (12) | N—C2—C9—C10 | −53.58 (17) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N—H1···O1 | 0.817 (17) | 2.238 (19) | 2.6259 (17) | 109.5 (16) |
N—H1···O1i | 0.817 (17) | 2.756 (18) | 3.4791 (15) | 148.6 (17) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y, −z+1. |
C21H19NO2 | F(000) = 672 |
Mr = 317.37 | Dx = 1.317 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Melting point: 374(1) K |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 5.8230 (8) Å | Cell parameters from 6872 reflections |
b = 10.069 (1) Å | θ = 2.5–30.0° |
c = 27.316 (3) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
β = 91.75 (1)° | T = 120 K |
V = 1600.8 (3) Å3 | Block, light yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.32 × 0.22 × 0.18 mm |
Bruker SMART CCD 6K area-detector diffractometer | 3800 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.036 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 30.0°, θmin = 2.5° |
Detector resolution: 5.6 pixels mm-1 | h = −8→8 |
ω scans | k = −14→14 |
21531 measured reflections | l = −38→38 |
4666 independent reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.02 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0577P)2 + 0.5575P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4666 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
223 parameters | Δρmax = 0.40 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
C21H19NO2 | V = 1600.8 (3) Å3 |
Mr = 317.37 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.8230 (8) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 10.069 (1) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 27.316 (3) Å | 0.32 × 0.22 × 0.18 mm |
β = 91.75 (1)° |
Bruker SMART CCD 6K area-detector diffractometer | 3800 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
21531 measured reflections | Rint = 0.036 |
4666 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.02 | Δρmax = 0.40 e Å−3 |
4666 reflections | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
223 parameters |
Experimental. The data collection nominally covered full sphere of reciprocal space, by a combination of 3 runs of narrow-frame ω-scans (scan width 0.3° ω), every run at a different ϕ angle. Crystal to detector distance 4.85 cm. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. The methyl group was refined as rigid bodies rotating around O—C bond, with a common refined U for three H atoms. Amino H(1) atom - All H-atom parameters refined, other H atoms: "riding" model (H-atom parameters constrained). |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
N | 0.19628 (17) | 0.28342 (9) | 0.11117 (4) | 0.0222 (2) | |
H1 | 0.067 (3) | 0.2666 (15) | 0.0950 (6) | 0.026 (4)* | |
O1 | −0.11470 (13) | 0.46729 (8) | 0.08278 (3) | 0.02488 (18) | |
O2 | 0.77405 (15) | −0.15195 (8) | 0.14065 (3) | 0.0287 (2) | |
C1 | 0.08626 (18) | 0.49977 (10) | 0.08100 (4) | 0.0181 (2) | |
C2 | 0.26892 (18) | 0.42084 (10) | 0.11040 (4) | 0.0181 (2) | |
H2 | 0.4204 | 0.4282 | 0.0943 | 0.022* | |
C3 | 0.15455 (18) | 0.61727 (10) | 0.05166 (4) | 0.0178 (2) | |
C4 | 0.37032 (18) | 0.62806 (10) | 0.03097 (4) | 0.0194 (2) | |
H4 | 0.4870 | 0.5650 | 0.0390 | 0.023* | |
C5 | 0.41413 (19) | 0.73133 (11) | −0.00134 (4) | 0.0218 (2) | |
H5 | 0.5590 | 0.7367 | −0.0163 | 0.026* | |
C6 | 0.2471 (2) | 0.82639 (11) | −0.01184 (4) | 0.0231 (2) | |
H6 | 0.2771 | 0.8963 | −0.0341 | 0.028* | |
C7 | 0.0354 (2) | 0.81881 (11) | 0.01035 (4) | 0.0230 (2) | |
H7 | −0.0771 | 0.8855 | 0.0041 | 0.028* | |
C8 | −0.01151 (18) | 0.71431 (11) | 0.04151 (4) | 0.0204 (2) | |
H8 | −0.1574 | 0.7086 | 0.0560 | 0.024* | |
C9 | 0.28350 (18) | 0.48648 (10) | 0.16094 (4) | 0.0183 (2) | |
C10 | 0.1163 (2) | 0.46034 (11) | 0.19502 (4) | 0.0245 (2) | |
H10 | −0.0016 | 0.3977 | 0.1875 | 0.029* | |
C11 | 0.1208 (2) | 0.52515 (13) | 0.23988 (4) | 0.0283 (2) | |
H11 | 0.0070 | 0.5062 | 0.2631 | 0.034* | |
C12 | 0.2914 (2) | 0.61755 (13) | 0.25093 (4) | 0.0284 (3) | |
H12 | 0.2934 | 0.6628 | 0.2815 | 0.034* | |
C13 | 0.4585 (2) | 0.64357 (13) | 0.21727 (5) | 0.0300 (3) | |
H13 | 0.5762 | 0.7062 | 0.2249 | 0.036* | |
C14 | 0.4554 (2) | 0.57833 (12) | 0.17219 (4) | 0.0239 (2) | |
H14 | 0.5705 | 0.5967 | 0.1492 | 0.029* | |
C15 | 0.35234 (18) | 0.17987 (10) | 0.11737 (4) | 0.0183 (2) | |
C16 | 0.29076 (19) | 0.05237 (10) | 0.10095 (4) | 0.0204 (2) | |
H16 | 0.1474 | 0.0395 | 0.0841 | 0.024* | |
C17 | 0.4356 (2) | −0.05490 (11) | 0.10894 (4) | 0.0223 (2) | |
H17 | 0.3910 | −0.1404 | 0.0974 | 0.027* | |
C18 | 0.64624 (19) | −0.03843 (11) | 0.13369 (4) | 0.0207 (2) | |
C19 | 0.71295 (19) | 0.08765 (11) | 0.14904 (4) | 0.0213 (2) | |
H19 | 0.8582 | 0.1003 | 0.1652 | 0.026* | |
C20 | 0.56666 (18) | 0.19610 (10) | 0.14085 (4) | 0.0203 (2) | |
H20 | 0.6140 | 0.2820 | 0.1514 | 0.024* | |
C21 | 0.9481 (2) | −0.14996 (13) | 0.17847 (5) | 0.0296 (3) | |
H21A | 1.0710 | −0.0891 | 0.1694 | 0.039 (3)* | |
H21B | 1.0111 | −0.2395 | 0.1830 | 0.039 (3)* | |
H21C | 0.8817 | −0.1198 | 0.2091 | 0.039 (3)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
N | 0.0200 (4) | 0.0142 (4) | 0.0320 (5) | −0.0002 (3) | −0.0044 (4) | −0.0005 (3) |
O1 | 0.0188 (4) | 0.0241 (4) | 0.0316 (4) | −0.0009 (3) | −0.0011 (3) | 0.0050 (3) |
O2 | 0.0314 (5) | 0.0198 (4) | 0.0346 (5) | 0.0089 (3) | −0.0030 (4) | −0.0002 (3) |
C1 | 0.0198 (5) | 0.0165 (4) | 0.0180 (5) | 0.0013 (4) | −0.0005 (4) | −0.0009 (4) |
C2 | 0.0184 (5) | 0.0140 (4) | 0.0219 (5) | 0.0001 (3) | 0.0000 (4) | 0.0014 (4) |
C3 | 0.0196 (5) | 0.0161 (4) | 0.0174 (4) | 0.0000 (4) | −0.0013 (4) | −0.0007 (4) |
C4 | 0.0203 (5) | 0.0184 (5) | 0.0196 (5) | 0.0022 (4) | 0.0005 (4) | −0.0007 (4) |
C5 | 0.0221 (5) | 0.0235 (5) | 0.0198 (5) | −0.0013 (4) | 0.0018 (4) | 0.0013 (4) |
C6 | 0.0278 (6) | 0.0196 (5) | 0.0219 (5) | −0.0025 (4) | −0.0024 (4) | 0.0030 (4) |
C7 | 0.0246 (5) | 0.0179 (5) | 0.0263 (5) | 0.0023 (4) | −0.0031 (4) | 0.0027 (4) |
C8 | 0.0186 (5) | 0.0199 (5) | 0.0225 (5) | 0.0016 (4) | −0.0004 (4) | 0.0005 (4) |
C9 | 0.0192 (5) | 0.0158 (4) | 0.0200 (5) | 0.0019 (4) | −0.0013 (4) | 0.0018 (4) |
C10 | 0.0243 (5) | 0.0238 (5) | 0.0255 (5) | −0.0028 (4) | 0.0025 (4) | 0.0029 (4) |
C11 | 0.0315 (6) | 0.0313 (6) | 0.0222 (5) | 0.0018 (5) | 0.0056 (4) | 0.0028 (5) |
C12 | 0.0345 (6) | 0.0292 (6) | 0.0213 (5) | 0.0050 (5) | −0.0023 (5) | −0.0026 (4) |
C13 | 0.0302 (6) | 0.0298 (6) | 0.0296 (6) | −0.0056 (5) | −0.0033 (5) | −0.0063 (5) |
C14 | 0.0222 (5) | 0.0246 (5) | 0.0250 (5) | −0.0031 (4) | 0.0016 (4) | −0.0014 (4) |
C15 | 0.0205 (5) | 0.0158 (4) | 0.0187 (5) | 0.0001 (4) | 0.0018 (4) | 0.0009 (4) |
C16 | 0.0225 (5) | 0.0176 (5) | 0.0209 (5) | −0.0002 (4) | −0.0011 (4) | −0.0006 (4) |
C17 | 0.0280 (5) | 0.0168 (5) | 0.0221 (5) | 0.0003 (4) | 0.0003 (4) | −0.0018 (4) |
C18 | 0.0237 (5) | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0212 (5) | 0.0042 (4) | 0.0034 (4) | 0.0022 (4) |
C19 | 0.0192 (5) | 0.0209 (5) | 0.0236 (5) | 0.0008 (4) | −0.0002 (4) | 0.0018 (4) |
C20 | 0.0207 (5) | 0.0164 (4) | 0.0238 (5) | −0.0010 (4) | −0.0004 (4) | 0.0001 (4) |
C21 | 0.0247 (6) | 0.0268 (6) | 0.0372 (7) | 0.0049 (4) | −0.0007 (5) | 0.0095 (5) |
N—C15 | 1.3900 (13) | C10—C11 | 1.3877 (17) |
N—C2 | 1.4472 (13) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
N—H1 | 0.878 (15) | C11—C12 | 1.3875 (18) |
O1—C1 | 1.2174 (13) | C11—H11 | 0.9500 |
O2—C18 | 1.3741 (13) | C12—C13 | 1.3838 (18) |
O2—C21 | 1.4250 (15) | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C1—C3 | 1.4898 (14) | C13—C14 | 1.3954 (17) |
C1—C2 | 1.5348 (14) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C2—C9 | 1.5306 (15) | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
C2—H2 | 1.0000 | C15—C20 | 1.3951 (15) |
C3—C8 | 1.3965 (14) | C15—C16 | 1.4030 (14) |
C3—C4 | 1.3976 (15) | C16—C17 | 1.3835 (15) |
C4—C5 | 1.3926 (15) | C16—H16 | 0.9500 |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C17—C18 | 1.3923 (16) |
C5—C6 | 1.3885 (16) | C17—H17 | 0.9500 |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C18—C19 | 1.3887 (15) |
C6—C7 | 1.3919 (17) | C19—C20 | 1.3988 (15) |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C19—H19 | 0.9500 |
C7—C8 | 1.3859 (15) | C20—H20 | 0.9500 |
C7—H7 | 0.9500 | C21—H21A | 0.9800 |
C8—H8 | 0.9500 | C21—H21B | 0.9800 |
C9—C14 | 1.3902 (15) | C21—H21C | 0.9800 |
C9—C10 | 1.3926 (15) | ||
C15—N—C2 | 121.91 (9) | C12—C11—C10 | 120.11 (11) |
C15—N—H1 | 117.7 (10) | C12—C11—H11 | 119.9 |
C2—N—H1 | 115.0 (10) | C10—C11—H11 | 119.9 |
C18—O2—C21 | 117.31 (9) | C13—C12—C11 | 119.70 (11) |
O1—C1—C3 | 120.49 (9) | C13—C12—H12 | 120.2 |
O1—C1—C2 | 119.45 (9) | C11—C12—H12 | 120.1 |
C3—C1—C2 | 120.04 (9) | C12—C13—C14 | 120.46 (11) |
N—C2—C9 | 114.07 (9) | C12—C13—H13 | 119.8 |
N—C2—C1 | 107.73 (8) | C14—C13—H13 | 119.8 |
C9—C2—C1 | 105.47 (8) | C9—C14—C13 | 119.87 (11) |
N—C2—H2 | 109.9 | C9—C14—H14 | 120.1 |
C9—C2—H2 | 109.8 | C13—C14—H14 | 120.1 |
C1—C2—H2 | 109.8 | N—C15—C20 | 122.71 (10) |
C8—C3—C4 | 119.40 (10) | N—C15—C16 | 119.19 (10) |
C8—C3—C1 | 117.90 (9) | C20—C15—C16 | 118.07 (10) |
C4—C3—C1 | 122.49 (9) | C17—C16—C15 | 121.01 (10) |
C5—C4—C3 | 119.92 (10) | C17—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.0 | C15—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.0 | C16—C17—C18 | 120.49 (10) |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.32 (10) | C16—C17—H17 | 119.8 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.8 | C18—C17—H17 | 119.8 |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.8 | O2—C18—C19 | 124.98 (10) |
C5—C6—C7 | 119.76 (10) | O2—C18—C17 | 115.70 (10) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.1 | C19—C18—C17 | 119.32 (10) |
C7—C6—H6 | 120.1 | C18—C19—C20 | 120.13 (10) |
C8—C7—C6 | 120.19 (10) | C18—C19—H19 | 119.9 |
C8—C7—H7 | 119.9 | C20—C19—H19 | 119.9 |
C6—C7—H7 | 119.9 | C15—C20—C19 | 120.93 (10) |
C7—C8—C3 | 120.32 (10) | C15—C20—H20 | 119.5 |
C7—C8—H8 | 119.8 | C19—C20—H20 | 119.5 |
C3—C8—H8 | 119.8 | O2—C21—H21A | 109.5 |
C14—C9—C10 | 119.42 (10) | O2—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C14—C9—C2 | 120.42 (10) | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C10—C9—C2 | 120.05 (10) | O2—C21—H21C | 109.4 |
C11—C10—C9 | 120.44 (11) | H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.8 | H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.8 | ||
C8—C3—C1—O1 | 22.78 (15) | O1—C1—C2—N | 33.86 (13) |
C8—C3—C1—C2 | −155.56 (10) | C1—C2—C9—C10 | 78.01 (12) |
C3—C1—C2—N | −147.78 (9) | N—C2—C9—C10 | −40.01 (14) |
C1—C2—N—C15 | 154.74 (10) | C19—C18—O2—C21 | 20.68 (16) |
C2—N—C15—C16 | −157.45 (10) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N—H1···O1 | 0.878 (15) | 2.300 (15) | 2.6875 (12) | 106.7 (12) |
N—H1···C6i | 0.878 (15) | 3.021 (16) | 3.8499 (16) | 158.1 (13) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y+1, −z. |
Experimental details
(I) | (II) | |
Crystal data | ||
Chemical formula | C20H16ClNO | C21H19NO2 |
Mr | 321.79 | 317.37 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 120 | 120 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.7748 (8), 11.485 (2), 13.086 (2) | 5.8230 (8), 10.069 (1), 27.316 (3) |
α, β, γ (°) | 113.47 (1), 100.39 (1), 97.29 (1) | 90, 91.75 (1), 90 |
V (Å3) | 763.8 (2) | 1600.8 (3) |
Z | 2 | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.25 | 0.08 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.52 × 0.12 × 0.04 | 0.32 × 0.22 × 0.18 |
Data collection | ||
Diffractometer | ProteumM APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer | Bruker SMART CCD 6K area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | – | – |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 8385, 3452, 2860 | 21531, 4666, 3800 |
Rint | 0.099 | 0.036 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 | 0.703 |
Refinement | ||
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.037, 0.101, 1.06 | 0.043, 0.119, 1.02 |
No. of reflections | 3452 | 4666 |
No. of parameters | 212 | 223 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.38, −0.20 | 0.40, −0.21 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Version 6.45A; Bruker, 2003), SAINT (Version 6.02A; Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Version 6.45A), SAINT (Version 6.02A), SHELXTL (Bruker, 2003), SHELXTL.
O1—C1 | 1.2237 (16) | C1—C3 | 1.487 (2) |
N—C15 | 1.3718 (19) | C1—C2 | 1.5375 (19) |
N—C2 | 1.4423 (18) | ||
C15—N—C2 | 122.94 (11) | C2—N—H1 | 117.8 (14) |
C15—N—H1 | 119.2 (14) | ||
C3—C1—C2—N | −165.81 (12) | O1—C1—C2—N | 15.53 (18) |
C1—C2—N—C15 | 178.20 (12) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N—H1···O1 | 0.817 (17) | 2.238 (19) | 2.6259 (17) | 109.5 (16) |
N—H1···O1i | 0.817 (17) | 2.756 (18) | 3.4791 (15) | 148.6 (17) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y, −z+1. |
N—C15 | 1.3900 (13) | C1—C3 | 1.4898 (14) |
N—C2 | 1.4472 (13) | C1—C2 | 1.5348 (14) |
O1—C1 | 1.2174 (13) | ||
C15—N—C2 | 121.91 (9) | C2—N—H1 | 115.0 (10) |
C15—N—H1 | 117.7 (10) | ||
C3—C1—C2—N | −147.78 (9) | O1—C1—C2—N | 33.86 (13) |
C1—C2—N—C15 | 154.74 (10) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N—H1···O1 | 0.878 (15) | 2.300 (15) | 2.6875 (12) | 106.7 (12) |
N—H1···C6i | 0.878 (15) | 3.021 (16) | 3.8499 (16) | 158.1 (13) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y+1, −z. |
Acknowledgements
OAA thanks the Royal Society for a Visiting Fellowship.
References
Abdulla, R. F., Boyd, D. B., Jones, N. D. & Swartzendruber, J. K. (1985). J. Org. Chem. 50, 3502–3505. CSD CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
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Few 1-arylanilinoethanone derivatives have been structurally studied so far, although some of them are important in synthesis (Saraogi et al., 2003), while others possess interesting charge-transfer properties (Abdulla et al., 1985). They also display rather unusual supramolecular arrangements (see below). The present low-temperature study of compounds (I) and (II) follows on from our structural determinations of the parent compound 1,2-diphenylanilinoethanone, (III) (Au & Tafeenko, 1987), its methyl derivative 2-(p-toluidino)-1,2-diphenylethanone, (IV) (Au & Tafeenko, 1986), and 2-(p-toluidino)-1,2-bis(2-furyl)ethanone, (V) (Au & Tafeenko, 1988).
The structures of (I) and (II) both contain one molecule per asymmetric unit. Crystals of (I) and (IV) are isostructural, the Cl atom of van der Waals radius 1.76 Å (Rowland & Taylor, 1996) replacing the methyl group of effective radius 2.0 Å. In (I), the C3—C1—C2—N—C15 backbone adopts an all-trans conformation and is planar within ±0.1 Å (Fig. 1). The terminal benzene rings, A and B, are nearly coplanar, whereas the central ring, C, is nearly normal to them [the interplanar angles are 6.1 (1)° for A/B, 81.7 (1)° for A/C and 86.1 (1)° for B/C]. Very similar conformations have been observed previously in (III), (IV) and (V), as well as in analogues without substituents in the 2-position, such as (VI) (Saraogi et al., 2003) or (VII) (Abdulla et al., 1999) (see scheme). Such conformation brings the C1═O1 and N—H1 bonds into a syn orientation, and apparently favours the formation of a centrosymmetric dimer of molecules, linked via a pair of strong N—H···O hydrogen bonds. A dimer of such topology R22(10) according to the graph-set nomenclature (Etter, 1990), is present in the structure (Fig. 2), but the molecules are so widely separated that only weak N—H···O interactions can exist. The N···O1' distance [3.479 (2) Å] is much longer, and the corrected H1···O1' distance [2.59 (2) Å] is only marginally shorter than the corresponding sums of van der Waals radii, 3.22 and 2.68 Å (Rowland & Taylor, 1996).
Two molecules of (I), related via the inversion 2 − x, −y, 1 − z, have their PhCOCNHC6H4Cl groups stacked face-to-face, the C═O bond of each molecule overlapping with the B ring of another. Notwithstanding the tight interplanar separation of 3.33 Å, there is no evidence of intermolecular charge transfer, such as occurs in the intensely coloured crystal of (VII). Formation of continuous stacks is rendered impossible by the perpendicular phenyl ring C.
Compound (II) (Fig. 1) has a more twisted conformation of the backbone (see Fig. 3, and the torsion angles in Tables 1 and 3), and the inter-ring angles are 64.0 (1)° for A/B, 85.0 (1)° for A/C and 77.3 (1)° for B/C. Nevertheless, the C═O and N—H bonds remain in a syn orientation. Unlike (I), the structure contains no dimers. The N—H bond points roughly toward the pπ orbital of atom C6 of an adjacent molecule, related via an inversion (−x, 1 − y, −z), the corrected H···C distance being 2.90 (2) Å.
Thus a prominent feature of both structures is the absense of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The intramolecular H1···O1 contacts of 2.18 (2) Å in (I) and 2.27 (2) Å in (II), have awkward angular geometry, quite atypical for unconstrained hydrogen bonds, although probably these interactions help to stabilize the syn conformations of the molecules. Compounds (IV), (VI) and (VII) form `distant dimers', as in (I), with N···O distances of 3.57, 3.41 and 3.60 Å, respectively. The structures of (III) and (V), in broad resemblance of (II), contain no dimers at all, but show intermolecular N—H···C(aryl) contacts, in both cases with the ortho-atom of the `anilinic' benzene ring (ring B in Fig. 1). The H···C distances of 2.97 Å in (III) and 3.05 Å in (V) are inexceptional [exceptional, unexceptional?].
Thus, none of the structurally characterized 1-arylanilinoethanones forms strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. If the terminal benzene rings (A and B) are coplanar with the molecular backbone, as in (I), their steric repulsion can prevent closer approach of the polar groups to one another. Thus, in (I) the intradimer distances H8···H16' and H16···H8' (Fig. 2) are 2.14 Å, i.e. constitute close van der Waals contacts. However, in principle the rings could adopt a less hindering orientation.
The N atom has planar–trigonal geometry in (I) but is significantly pyramidal in (II), the refined position of atom H1 deviating from the C2/N/C15 plane by 0.038 (18) and 0.354 (15) Å, respectively. It is noteworthy that the N atom is also nearly planar in (IV), (VI) and (VII) but strongly pyramidal in (III) and (V). In other words, planar geometry always accompanies `distant dimers', whereas pyramidalization accompanies N—H···C(aryl) contacts. Thus even these apparently weak intermolecular interactions can influence the molecular geometry.