research papers\(\def\hfill{\hskip 5em}\def\hfil{\hskip 3em}\def\eqno#1{\hfil {#1}}\)

Journal logoSTRUCTURAL
CHEMISTRY
ISSN: 2053-2296

YK-4-250, a synthetic telmisartan–tempol conjugate: crystal structure of a stabilized free radical containing an angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibitor

crossmark logo

aDepartment of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA, bDepartment of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA, cDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, dDepartment of Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA, and eMedicines for All Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: [email protected]

Edited by A. G. Oliver, University of Notre Dame, USA (Received 8 April 2026; accepted 14 July 2026; online 18 August 2026)

We report the first crystal structure of the telmisartan–tempol conjugate 2,2,6,6-tetra­methyl-1-(λ′-oxidane­yl)piperidin-4-yl 4′-[(1,7′-dimethyl-2′-propyl-1H,3′H-[2,5′-bibenzo[d]imidazol]-3′-yl)meth­yl]-[1,1′-biphen­yl]-2-carboxyl­ate free radical (YK-4-250, C42H46N5O3), a dual-function inhibitor designed to target both the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Structural analysis reveals a unique crystal architecture in which the nitroxide radical is stabilized within a sterically protected environment while preserving the telmisartan pharmacophore essential for high-affinity receptor antagonism. YK-4-250 is a novel small-mol­ecule conjugate of telmisartan and tempol that incorporates a catalytic stabilized nitroxide radical and was rationally designed to mitigate gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS).

1. Introduction

The development of a small-mol­ecule mitigator for radiation-induced tissue injury remains a significant unmet need in both clinical and national defense applications. High-dose exposure to ionizing radiation from radiological accidents or nuclear detonations triggers com­plex multi-organ pathologies. While the hematopoietic system is highly vulnerable, exposure to higher doses ranging from 6 to 10 Gy induces gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) (Freeman, 2025View full citation). The lethal pathology of GI-ARS manifests rapidly, driven by the profound ablation of highly proliferative intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) within the crypts of Lieberkühn, coupled with severe microvascular endothelial damage (Paris et al., 2001View full citation; Shaker & Rubin, 2010View full citation). This mucosal barrier breakdown leads to structural villus blunting, severe diarrhea, systemic sepsis, and death, typically benchmarked within 10 to 30 days in a partial-body irradiation (PBI) LD50/30 model (Kumar et al., 2026View full citation). While medical countermeasures exist to support bone marrow recovery (Bunin et al., 2023View full citation), there remains a critical therapeutic void for orally available small-mol­ecule countermeasures capable of mitigating GI-ARS when administered 24 h or longer post-exposure.

A mounting body of evidence highlights a lethal synergistic feed-forward loop between the local renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and chronic oxidative stress in driving this radiation-induced tissue injury (Kumar et al., 2024View full citation; DiCarlo et al., 2025View full citation). Ionizing radiation initiates immediate radiolytic water cleavage, generating a massive burst of primary reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the long-term propagation of tissue damage is sustained by chronic metabolic ROS production. This sustained oxidative stress is largely mediated by the upregulation of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and its subsequent binding to the Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor (AT1R) (Fan et al., 2023View full citation).

Activation of the AT1R by Ang II triggers the membrane-bound enzyme com­plex NADPH oxidase (Nox), dramatically amplifying intra­cellular superoxide (O2.) generation (Garrido et al., 2009View full citation). This secondary wave of ROS induces persistent mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation of endothelial membranes, and pro-inflammatory signalling via nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkb). In the gastrointestinal tract, this cascade accelerates endothelial cell apoptosis, deprives the intestinal crypts of necessary perfusion, and halts crypt regeneration (Orzechowska-Licari et al., 2022View full citation). Conversely, elevated ROS levels further upregulate local AT1R expression (Bhatt et al., 2014View full citation) and stimulate local Ang II production (Dikalov & Naza­rewicz, 2013View full citation), locking the irradiated GI microenvironment into a chronic cycle of inflammation, vaso­constriction, and fibroproliferative remodeling (Nguyen Dinh Cat et al., 2013View full citation). To inter­cept this destructive signalling loop, YK-4-250 was rationally designed as a synthetic conjugate of telmisartan, a clinically approved AT1R antagonist, and tempol, a stable nitroxide radical with well-established anti­oxidant and radioprotective properties (Kumar et al., 2026View full citation). The com­pound blocks radiation-induced Ang II sig­nalling at the AT1R while simultaneously scavenging ROS generated by radiolysis of water and activation of NADPH oxidase (Nox).

The physiological rationale for this specific hybrid design exploits critical mechanistic synergies to achieve what monotherapy cannot. By blocking the AT1R, the telmisartan core prevents the initial Ang II-dependent assembly and activation of Nox, cutting off the primary enzymatic source of secondary metabolic ROS. Concurrently, the integrated nitroxide tempol moiety acts as a highly efficient intra­cellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic and per­oxy­nitrite scavenger, rapidly detoxifying residual O2. and preventing the formation of highly destructive hydroxyl radicals (Wilcox, 2010View full citation). This dual mechanism simultaneously relieves AT1R-mediated microvascular vasoconstriction and protects the thin-walled endothelial cells of the villi from oxidative apoptosis, thereby preserving the sub-epithelial vascular niche essential for regenerating intestinal stem cells (Kumar et al., 2026View full citation). Furthermore, telmisartan offers a distinct pharmacological of extended half-life of nearly 22 hours, which works in tandem to extend the half-life of tempol's anti­oxidant property to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b) and dampen the systemic inflammatory response accom­panying barrier breakdown.

Crucially, this bifunctional strategy addresses the severe pharmacokinetic limitations that have historically hindered free anti­oxidants from clinical translation. While native anti­oxidant proteins or free nitroxides suffer from poor oral bioavailability and ultra-short biological half-lives, the lipophilic telmisartan core serves as an effective pharmacological vehicle. This scaffold optimizes gastrointestinal absorption and tissue distribution, yielding the first orally available small-mol­ecule mitigator engineered to break the AT1R–ROS feed-forward loop directly within the injured mesenteric and intestinal mucosa after exposure to partial body irradiation (PBI) LD50/30. The integration of these two pharmacophores, AT1R antagonism and catalytic anti­oxidation, represents a dual-mechanism strategy for mitigating GI-ARS. Here, we report the first single-crystal X-ray structure of a telmisartan–tempol conjugate, providing structural insight into its mol­ecular geometry, radical-stabilizing inter­actions, and conformational features that may underlie its biological activity and support its development as a potential active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for GI-ARS.

2. Experimental

2.1. Synthesis and crystallization

YK-4-250 was synthesized by the coupling of telmisartan and tempol under EDCI/HOBt coupling conditions in DMF at room tem­per­a­ture for 12 h. The product was purified by nor­mal-phase flash chromatography using methyl­ene chlo­ride–methanol as eluent to give analytically pure material in 78% yield (Fig. 1[link]). Structure characterization was per­for­med by HRMS (TOF): calculated for C42H47N5O3 (M + H)+: 669.3679; found: 669.3675. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of a 1:1 (v/v) ethyl acetate/hexa­nes solution over 7 d at room tem­per­a­ture.

[Figure 1]
Figure 1
The reaction scheme for the preparation of YK-4-250.

2.2. Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 1[link]. H atoms bonded to C atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C) for aromatic/methyl­ene groups and 1.2Ueq(C) for methyl groups. The C—H bond distances were set to de facto standard values corresponding to their respective hybridization states.

Table 1
Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula C42H46N5O3
Mr 668.84
Crystal system, space group Monoclinic, Ia
Temperature (K) 295
a, b, c (Å) 9.4556 (1), 27.1981 (3), 15.0100 (2)
β (°) 106.828 (2)
V3) 3694.89 (8)
Z 4
Radiation type Cu Kα
μ (mm−1) 0.60
Crystal size (mm) 0.65 × 0.38 × 0.20
 
Data collection
Diffractometer Rigaku XtaLAB AFC11
Absorption correction Multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Rigaku OD, 2021View full citation)
Tmin, Tmax 0.550, 1.000
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections 16498, 4987, 4906
Rint 0.019
(sin θ/λ)max−1) 0.627
 
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.029, 0.082, 1.06
No. of reflections 4987
No. of parameters 459
No. of restraints 2
H-atom treatment H-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) 0.12, −0.11
Absolute structure Flack x determined using 1302 quotients [(I+) − (I)]/[(I+) + (I)] (Parsons et al., 2013View full citation)
Absolute structure parameter 0.06 (11)
Computer programs: CrysAlis PRO (Rigaku OD, 2021View full citation), SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015aView full citation), SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015bView full citation), and OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009View full citation).

2.3. Simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely regarded as a key technique for inferring the thermodynamic relationships between multiple crystal forms (Yu, 1995View full citation). Simultaneous DSC/TGA (SDT) was performed on an SDT650 to supplement the obtained DSC data with any mass change events. A single ∼2.5 mg crystal of YK-4-250 was added to an aluminium DSC pan without a sealing lid. The chamber was held inert by steady N2 gas purge while the chamber was ramped to 471.15 K at a rate of 5 K min−1. Three cycles were programmed to cool to 388.15 K and subsequently heated to 471.15 K; this was done to capture any melting and fusion events and verify these events' parameters. However, none were observed, a single exothermic event (70.3 J g−1) was observed at an onset of 446.75 K with a peak at 453.15 K. This event was accom­panied by a 0.2% weight loss (Fig. 2[link]). It is hypothesized that the melting of the com­pound frees the radical and triggers an irreversible decom­position. Due to this, it was not possible to determine the thermodynamic stability of this structure or if other more thermodynamically stable conformations exist by DSC. Telmisartan is known to exhibit two polymorphs; therefore, it is pertinent to elucidate if this com­pound also exhibits polymorphism in future work (Cunha et al., 2021View full citation; Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation).

[Figure 2]
Figure 2
(Top) DSC trace of three cycles 388.15–471.15 K and (bottom) TGA curve of three cycles 388.15–471.15 K.

2.4. ORCA density functional theory (DFT) optimization of a single mol­ecule

The theoretical single-mol­ecule structure was pre-optimized with XTB (Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation) set to normal and fully optimized with ORCA (Version 6.0.1) using the B3LYP functional and def2-SVP basis set using TightSCF convergence; the radical is specified via one unpaired electron designation (Neese, 2022View full citation; Bannwarth et al., 2019View full citation).

3. Results

3.1. Structural commentary and DFT theoretical structure

YK-4-250 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Ia with one mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. The mol­ecule adopts an extended conformation in which the telmisartan and tempol fragments are oriented nearly perpendicular to each other.

Key bond lengths and angles in the telmisartan-derived biphenyl fragments match those in previously reported telmisartan structures; however, the dibenzimidazole inter­facial angle of YK-4-250 [Fig. 3[link](a)] is significantly more eclipsed than in telmisartan form A (Amano et al., 2012View full citation; Cunha et al., 2021View full citation; Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation; Singh et al., 2024View full citation). The presence of the radical does not significantly distort the tempol backbone. The inter­facial angles of the experimentally calculated conformer's biphenyl rings and dibenzimidazole system are listed and com­pared to the theoretically optimized single mol­ecule, as well as the known telmisartan form A in (see Table S1 in the supporting information) (Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation). The theoretical single-molecule structure [Fig. 3[link](b)] revealed that the radical is 94% confined to the nitroxide moiety, as calculated via total spin occupancy in the N—O system.

[Figure 3]
Figure 3
(a) Experimentally measured YK-4-250, drawn with 50% probability displacement ellipsoids, and (b) theoretically calculated YK-4-250 via ORCA.

The com­parison of the experimentally obtained crystal structure to the optimized single-mol­ecule structure provides insight into the influence of crystal packing on mol­ecular conformation. The radical confinement to the nitroxide moiety is not meaningfully affected by the crystal structure, in both the gas-optimized single mol­ecule and crystal structure, 94% of the radical electron spin is confined to the N—O moiety. The dihedral (inter­facial) angles of the ring systems in the mol­ecule give insight into the inter­molecular inter­actions and intra­molecular conformation. The dihedral angle changes of the dibenzimidazole and biphenyl rings reflects the balance between inter­molecular inter­actions and intra­molecular conjugation. Biphenyl by itself in solution at room tem­per­a­ture exhibits a rather flexible dihedral angle in the range 32–45° (Eaton & Steele, 1973View full citation). The DFT-optimized single molecule exhibits a comparable interfacial angle of 47.3°, whereas the packed crystal shows a significant shift to 61.3°. Furthermore, the close intermolecular contact distance falls well within the sum of the respective atomic van der Waals radii, confirming that the observed packing is stabilized by standard van der Waals forces. For the dibenzimidazole rings, no exact analogue was found in the literature. However, an article by Antonov and co-workers described the dihedral angles of a 2′-phenyl-2,5′-bibenzodimidazole [2,5′-BBIm (c1)] to be 18.28° in the aqueous phase (Antonov et al., 2022View full citation). For comparison, the DFT-optimized single molecule exhibits an interfacial angle of 37.9°, whereas the experimentally obtained crystal structure displays a reduced angle of 31.9°. This contraction in the solid state is likely driven by fewer intermolecular interactions involving the benzimidazole subunits.

3.2. Supra­molecular features

In the extended lattice, mol­ecules pack in layers parallel to the ab plane (see Fig. S2 in the supporting information). Inter­molecular C—H⋯O contacts (3.1 Å) link mol­ecules into one-dimensional chains along the b axis. Additional stabilization is provided by three C—H⋯π inter­actions (Table 3[link]) involving the phenyl and benzimidazole rings. The crystal structure exhibits mainly van der Waals inter­actions. The nitroxide radical does not participate in significant inter­molecular inter­actions, consistent with preserved radical stability in the solid state. In fact, the only near neighbors (<4 Å) are methyl or phenyl H atoms (Table 2[link]) for the nearest 12 H-atom neighbors of the radical O atom.

Table 3
List of the C—H⋯Cg (Cg is a ring centroid) distances and the corresponding C—H⋯Cg angles

Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C8/N4/C9/C14 ring, Cg2 that of the C21–C26 ring, and Cg3 that of the C1–C6 ring.

C—H⋯Cg Distance (Å) Angle (°)
C13—H13⋯Cg1 2.90 164.40
C2—H2⋯Cg2 2.98 158.84
C41—H41B⋯Cg3 2.99 171.64

Table 2
List of the nearest 12 H-atom neighbors of the radical O atom

The H atoms belonging to the dimethyl sub-units adjacent to the N—O moiety are marked in bold. Angles are included for O3⋯H—C.

Atom pair Distance (Å) Angle (°)
O3⋯H41A 2.45 96.50
O3⋯H38C 2.53 92.80
O3⋯H15B 2.53 158.03
O3⋯H40C 2.63 99.00
O3⋯H37A 2.65 98.20
O3⋯H29 2.76 155.42
O3⋯H38A 2.88 72.40
O3⋯H10 2.92 161.74
O3⋯H41C 2.97 68.30
O3⋯H37C 3.29 60.40
O3⋯H40A 3.30 60.00
O3⋯H15C 3.65 70.06

3.3. Database survey

A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, Version 5.46; Groom et al., 2016View full citation) revealed no previously reported crystal structures of telmisartan–tempol conjugates or related stabilized nitroxide–AT1R inhibitor analogues. While crystal forms of telmisartan (Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation) and structural analogues of tempol (Cunha et al., 2021View full citation) have been described independently, to our knowledge, YK-4-250 represents the first structurally characterized mol­ecule in which an AT1R antagonist is covalently linked to a stable nitroxide radical.

4. Discussion

4.1. Radical stabilization through crystal packing

The most significant finding is the structure by which the nitroxide radical in YK-4-250 is stabilized in the solid state. Unlike tempol derivatives (Cunha et al., 2021View full citation), which typically rely on hy­dro­gen-bonding networks involving the nitroxide O atom, YK-4-250 presents no conventional hy­dro­gen-bond donors; both benzimidazole N atoms are substituted and no O—H or N—H groups are present, structurally precluding the participation of atom O3 in such inter­actions. Strong hy­dro­gen-bond donors would impose a thermodynamic driving force sufficient to position donors near O3 despite steric cost; their absence means the steric environment provided by the flanking dimethyl substituents becomes the sole determinant of access to the radical center. The result is a sterically protected environment in which only the adjacent CH3 groups and aromatic H atoms from neighboring YK-4-250 mol­ecules approach within 4 Å of O3, exclusively as weak C—H⋯O contacts (Table 2[link]). This intra­molecular steric shielding, which restricts inter­molecular access to the radical center rather than relying on conventional hy­dro­gen bonding, may offer a promising design principle for developing stable radical-containing pharmaceuticals that must preserve their paramagnetic character during storage and formulation. B3LYP/def2-SVP spin population analysis in ORCA (Version 6.0.1) confirms 94% spin confinement to the N—O moiety, with negligible change between the gas-phase optimized and crystal-conformation geometries, indicating that radical localization is robust to the conformational constraints imposed by crystal packing.

4.2. Crystal packing and solid-state organization

Unlike telmisartan form A, which achieves crystal cohesion through extensive hy­dro­gen bonding (Cunha et al., 2021View full citation), YK-4-250 organizes its solid-state structure through a hierarchy of weaker inter­actions. At the primary level, inter­molecular C—H⋯O contacts (H⋯O = 3.1 Å) link mol­ecules into one-dimensional chains along the b axis, with these chains assembling into layers parallel to the ab plane. Three C—H⋯π inter­actions involving the phenyl and benzimidazole ring systems (Table 2[link]) provide lateral cohesion between chains. Together these contacts define a packing arrangement in which directional weak inter­actions substitute collectively for the conventional hy­dro­gen-bonding networks present in related structures.

4.3. Thermal behaviour and polymorph considerations

Thermal analysis revealed a single exothermic event at 446.75 K accom­panied by minimal mass loss (0.2%). This behavior renders conventional DSC-based polymorph screening unfeasible, leaving the question of whether additional thermodynamically stable forms exist. Given that telmisartan exhibits two known polymorphs (Dinnebier et al., 2000View full citation) and the flexible ester linker at the tempol conjugation site introduces additional degrees of freedom, polymorph screening through solution-mediated approaches remains necessary to inform solid-form control during pharmaceutical development. Identifying the most stable polymorph and understanding transformation pathways will be critical for ensuring consistent manufacturing, long-term stability of this potential drug candidate, and FDA evaluation.

4.4. Implications for structure–activity optimization and formulation development

The crystal structure provides a key insight for designing next-generation derivatives that balance receptor-binding potency with radical stabilization. Key design considerations include: (i) maintaining the conformation that preserves the active AT1R pharmacophore geometry, (ii) engineering intra­molecular inter­actions that stabilize the radical through spatial isolation, and (iii) minimizing inter­molecular contacts with the nitroxide center that could com­promise radical stability during processing or storage. The characterization of the solid-state properties of YK-4-250, including its packing behavior and thermal stability profile, informs formulation strategies for this promising radiation mitigator and supports the continued development as a dual-mechanism pharmaceutical agent for gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome.

Supporting information


Computing details top

2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-(λ'-oxidaneyl)piperidin-4-yl 4'-[(1,7'-dimethyl-2'-propyl-1H,3'H-[2,5'-bibenzo[d]imidazol]-3'-yl)methyl]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate top
Crystal data top
C42H46N5O3Dx = 1.202 Mg m3
Mr = 668.84Melting point: 450.65 K
Monoclinic, IaCu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å
a = 9.4556 (1) ÅCell parameters from 13399 reflections
b = 27.1981 (3) Åθ = 3.2–74.7°
c = 15.0100 (2) ŵ = 0.60 mm1
β = 106.828 (2)°T = 295 K
V = 3694.89 (8) Å3Prism, clear light orange
Z = 40.65 × 0.38 × 0.20 mm
F(000) = 1428
Data collection top
Rigaku XtaLAB AFC11
diffractometer
4987 independent reflections
Radiation source: Rotating-anode X-ray tube, Rigaku (Cu) X-ray Source4906 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror monochromatorRint = 0.019
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm-1θmax = 75.1°, θmin = 3.3°
ω scansh = 711
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(CrysAlis PRO; Rigaku OD, 2021)
k = 2333
Tmin = 0.550, Tmax = 1.000l = 1818
16498 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2H-atom parameters constrained
Least-squares matrix: full w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0543P)2 + 0.4013P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
wR(F2) = 0.082Δρmax = 0.12 e Å3
S = 1.06Δρmin = 0.11 e Å3
4987 reflectionsExtinction correction: SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
459 parametersExtinction coefficient: 0.00309 (16)
2 restraintsAbsolute structure: Flack x determined using 1302 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Primary atom site location: dualAbsolute structure parameter: 0.06 (11)
Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
Special details top

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
O20.74960 (16)0.76214 (5)0.42813 (9)0.0532 (3)
N30.13509 (19)0.53006 (6)0.37466 (11)0.0515 (4)
N10.73645 (17)0.56316 (5)0.64019 (10)0.0428 (3)
N20.6376 (2)0.58611 (6)0.75260 (11)0.0494 (4)
N40.26340 (18)0.58488 (6)0.31727 (10)0.0460 (3)
O10.9339 (2)0.81552 (6)0.48660 (14)0.0797 (5)
O30.3505 (2)0.81083 (8)0.61658 (14)0.0852 (5)
N50.4382 (2)0.79978 (7)0.56816 (12)0.0573 (4)
C330.8820 (2)0.78187 (7)0.43573 (15)0.0533 (4)
C50.5863 (2)0.56727 (6)0.59801 (12)0.0409 (3)
C80.2493 (2)0.55951 (6)0.39351 (12)0.0417 (4)
C240.9204 (2)0.66983 (6)0.41545 (12)0.0420 (4)
C210.86352 (19)0.59403 (6)0.52836 (12)0.0403 (3)
C40.5259 (2)0.58142 (7)0.66917 (12)0.0440 (4)
C30.3732 (2)0.58809 (7)0.65026 (12)0.0490 (4)
C160.7599 (2)0.57517 (7)0.73277 (12)0.0458 (4)
C320.9565 (2)0.75868 (7)0.37063 (13)0.0488 (4)
C220.9155 (2)0.63948 (6)0.56598 (12)0.0422 (4)
H220.9304000.6450320.6291690.051*
C260.8371 (2)0.58723 (7)0.43347 (13)0.0489 (4)
H260.8009170.5572190.4067370.059*
C250.8643 (2)0.62482 (7)0.37781 (12)0.0497 (4)
H250.8444640.6196930.3141110.060*
C10.3509 (2)0.56697 (6)0.48817 (12)0.0428 (4)
C200.8437 (2)0.55203 (6)0.58980 (13)0.0446 (4)
H20A0.8112980.5230700.5516190.054*
H20B0.9381970.5445140.6342840.054*
C20.2878 (2)0.58051 (7)0.55918 (13)0.0468 (4)
H20.1859040.5844530.5444170.056*
C90.1447 (2)0.57061 (7)0.24327 (13)0.0474 (4)
C230.9455 (2)0.67659 (6)0.51131 (12)0.0430 (4)
H230.9827100.7064210.5384440.052*
C60.5017 (2)0.55970 (6)0.50660 (12)0.0436 (4)
H60.5438690.5502900.4604150.052*
C140.0671 (2)0.53651 (7)0.27999 (14)0.0509 (4)
C270.9643 (2)0.70802 (7)0.35700 (12)0.0443 (4)
C170.9088 (2)0.57289 (7)0.80253 (13)0.0525 (4)
H17A0.9067290.5917620.8569710.063*
H17B0.9803630.5881050.7761620.063*
C180.9591 (3)0.52068 (9)0.83263 (17)0.0647 (6)
H18A0.8871170.5054360.8586470.078*
H18B0.9614090.5018730.7781620.078*
C281.0290 (3)0.69221 (8)0.28963 (15)0.0575 (5)
H281.0331470.6586720.2785490.069*
C340.6760 (2)0.77726 (7)0.49660 (14)0.0506 (4)
H340.7488130.7808900.5577650.061*
C360.5170 (3)0.84149 (8)0.54089 (16)0.0626 (5)
C390.4861 (3)0.74726 (8)0.57285 (16)0.0610 (5)
C311.0217 (3)0.79105 (8)0.32236 (17)0.0656 (6)
H311.0219410.8245640.3346550.079*
C150.3740 (3)0.62120 (10)0.31379 (17)0.0680 (6)
H15A0.3922340.6422580.3672490.102*
H15B0.3389780.6405110.2582040.102*
H15C0.4638890.6048670.3136000.102*
C191.1084 (3)0.51810 (13)0.90306 (18)0.0830 (8)
H19A1.1805420.5328630.8777470.125*
H19B1.1340470.4843450.9181890.125*
H19C1.1059990.5354520.9583110.125*
C100.0965 (3)0.58631 (9)0.15094 (14)0.0641 (6)
H100.1481010.6096470.1274230.077*
C350.5935 (3)0.82486 (8)0.46881 (16)0.0619 (5)
H35A0.5200200.8206660.4089840.074*
H35B0.6620160.8501480.4620870.074*
C291.0873 (3)0.72469 (9)0.23865 (16)0.0666 (6)
H291.1269020.7131450.1926830.080*
C70.3070 (3)0.60404 (11)0.72578 (16)0.0715 (7)
H7A0.3270250.5796220.7740050.107*
H7B0.2021270.6078500.7000410.107*
H7C0.3497610.6348180.7513740.107*
C130.0621 (3)0.51568 (9)0.22368 (18)0.0732 (7)
H130.1150560.4927900.2471420.088*
C420.5678 (3)0.73715 (8)0.50012 (17)0.0601 (5)
H42A0.6203710.7061900.5145980.072*
H42B0.4962150.7339870.4393220.072*
C301.0859 (3)0.77418 (9)0.25669 (18)0.0697 (6)
H301.1283350.7962640.2246180.084*
C120.1090 (4)0.53016 (12)0.1317 (2)0.0852 (9)
H120.1938860.5161940.0921670.102*
C110.0320 (3)0.56520 (12)0.09669 (17)0.0786 (8)
H110.0683990.5746630.0347050.094*
C380.4020 (5)0.88081 (12)0.4974 (3)0.1059 (12)
H38A0.3237390.8663230.4488340.159*
H38B0.4477510.9065630.4718410.159*
H38C0.3622260.8942090.5442640.159*
C410.3461 (4)0.71577 (12)0.5504 (3)0.0926 (9)
H41A0.2952730.7214470.5963320.139*
H41B0.3724910.6816640.5508850.139*
H41C0.2828480.7244330.4900340.139*
C370.6297 (4)0.86185 (14)0.6286 (2)0.0987 (10)
H37A0.5799490.8705490.6737900.148*
H37B0.6766240.8904550.6126230.148*
H37C0.7029950.8372390.6542730.148*
C400.5826 (4)0.73558 (15)0.6711 (2)0.0970 (10)
H40A0.6725080.7541940.6840870.146*
H40B0.6053720.7011060.6757970.146*
H40C0.5305440.7440770.7151570.146*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
O20.0539 (8)0.0505 (7)0.0616 (8)0.0051 (6)0.0269 (6)0.0076 (6)
N30.0491 (9)0.0478 (8)0.0563 (8)0.0056 (7)0.0132 (7)0.0089 (6)
N10.0418 (8)0.0444 (7)0.0449 (7)0.0011 (6)0.0169 (6)0.0026 (6)
N20.0560 (9)0.0517 (8)0.0416 (7)0.0053 (7)0.0159 (7)0.0017 (6)
N40.0481 (8)0.0472 (8)0.0461 (7)0.0015 (7)0.0189 (7)0.0035 (6)
O10.0843 (12)0.0672 (10)0.1010 (12)0.0194 (9)0.0481 (10)0.0338 (9)
O30.0823 (12)0.0996 (14)0.0949 (12)0.0062 (10)0.0593 (10)0.0101 (10)
N50.0529 (10)0.0676 (10)0.0585 (9)0.0033 (8)0.0273 (8)0.0051 (8)
C330.0609 (12)0.0417 (9)0.0636 (11)0.0029 (8)0.0280 (9)0.0003 (8)
C50.0435 (9)0.0388 (8)0.0439 (8)0.0010 (7)0.0183 (7)0.0040 (6)
C80.0418 (9)0.0406 (8)0.0455 (8)0.0023 (7)0.0168 (7)0.0057 (6)
C240.0447 (9)0.0395 (8)0.0461 (8)0.0038 (7)0.0201 (7)0.0015 (6)
C210.0347 (8)0.0407 (8)0.0488 (8)0.0012 (7)0.0174 (7)0.0011 (6)
C40.0497 (10)0.0432 (8)0.0438 (8)0.0053 (7)0.0207 (8)0.0047 (6)
C30.0546 (11)0.0510 (10)0.0476 (9)0.0121 (8)0.0246 (8)0.0052 (7)
C160.0523 (10)0.0421 (8)0.0437 (8)0.0007 (7)0.0150 (8)0.0032 (7)
C320.0536 (11)0.0428 (8)0.0553 (9)0.0063 (8)0.0245 (8)0.0058 (7)
C220.0450 (9)0.0424 (8)0.0414 (8)0.0007 (7)0.0159 (7)0.0003 (6)
C260.0584 (11)0.0398 (8)0.0516 (9)0.0070 (8)0.0210 (9)0.0064 (7)
C250.0624 (12)0.0466 (9)0.0431 (8)0.0029 (8)0.0201 (8)0.0032 (7)
C10.0461 (10)0.0396 (8)0.0454 (8)0.0005 (7)0.0177 (7)0.0039 (6)
C200.0432 (9)0.0394 (8)0.0555 (9)0.0037 (7)0.0212 (8)0.0046 (7)
C20.0447 (9)0.0489 (9)0.0518 (9)0.0091 (7)0.0218 (8)0.0075 (7)
C90.0490 (10)0.0496 (9)0.0449 (8)0.0080 (8)0.0156 (8)0.0028 (7)
C230.0475 (9)0.0374 (7)0.0464 (8)0.0019 (7)0.0171 (7)0.0032 (6)
C60.0456 (9)0.0456 (8)0.0449 (8)0.0008 (7)0.0211 (7)0.0016 (7)
C140.0496 (10)0.0437 (9)0.0569 (10)0.0028 (8)0.0115 (8)0.0006 (7)
C270.0478 (10)0.0425 (8)0.0474 (8)0.0047 (7)0.0214 (7)0.0041 (7)
C170.0536 (11)0.0528 (10)0.0486 (9)0.0040 (9)0.0107 (8)0.0015 (8)
C180.0595 (13)0.0612 (12)0.0668 (12)0.0013 (10)0.0078 (10)0.0154 (10)
C280.0729 (14)0.0487 (10)0.0632 (11)0.0095 (10)0.0388 (10)0.0058 (8)
C340.0551 (11)0.0492 (10)0.0533 (9)0.0053 (8)0.0248 (9)0.0030 (7)
C360.0732 (14)0.0522 (10)0.0757 (13)0.0078 (10)0.0424 (12)0.0054 (9)
C390.0592 (12)0.0607 (12)0.0690 (12)0.0001 (10)0.0278 (10)0.0077 (10)
C310.0830 (16)0.0425 (10)0.0837 (14)0.0059 (10)0.0436 (13)0.0153 (10)
C150.0641 (14)0.0753 (14)0.0664 (12)0.0177 (11)0.0216 (11)0.0185 (11)
C190.0668 (16)0.110 (2)0.0664 (13)0.0268 (16)0.0092 (12)0.0032 (14)
C100.0741 (15)0.0745 (14)0.0457 (10)0.0116 (11)0.0207 (10)0.0023 (9)
C350.0776 (15)0.0497 (10)0.0716 (12)0.0132 (10)0.0426 (12)0.0048 (9)
C290.0825 (17)0.0673 (13)0.0679 (12)0.0121 (12)0.0499 (13)0.0112 (10)
C70.0689 (15)0.0975 (18)0.0580 (11)0.0299 (13)0.0340 (11)0.0033 (11)
C130.0646 (15)0.0642 (13)0.0803 (15)0.0113 (11)0.0042 (12)0.0053 (11)
C420.0610 (13)0.0490 (10)0.0755 (13)0.0026 (9)0.0280 (11)0.0030 (9)
C300.0841 (17)0.0589 (12)0.0818 (14)0.0087 (12)0.0488 (13)0.0237 (11)
C120.0769 (18)0.0924 (19)0.0680 (14)0.0024 (15)0.0081 (14)0.0204 (14)
C110.0815 (18)0.0983 (19)0.0494 (11)0.0159 (16)0.0084 (12)0.0074 (12)
C380.133 (3)0.0790 (18)0.136 (3)0.0499 (19)0.087 (2)0.0236 (18)
C410.082 (2)0.0845 (19)0.125 (2)0.0228 (16)0.0521 (19)0.0064 (17)
C370.098 (2)0.100 (2)0.115 (2)0.0312 (18)0.0588 (19)0.0558 (18)
C400.101 (2)0.115 (2)0.0773 (17)0.015 (2)0.0298 (16)0.0348 (16)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
O2—C331.336 (3)C18—H18A0.9700
O2—C341.457 (2)C18—H18B0.9700
N3—C81.308 (2)C18—C191.500 (3)
N3—C141.391 (2)C28—H280.9300
N1—C51.381 (2)C28—C291.383 (3)
N1—C161.382 (2)C34—H340.9800
N1—C201.461 (2)C34—C351.507 (3)
N2—C41.391 (2)C34—C421.507 (3)
N2—C161.309 (3)C36—C351.534 (3)
N4—C81.375 (2)C36—C381.530 (4)
N4—C91.387 (3)C36—C371.538 (4)
N4—C151.450 (3)C39—C421.534 (3)
O1—C331.202 (3)C39—C411.530 (4)
O3—N51.287 (2)C39—C401.526 (4)
N5—C361.478 (3)C31—H310.9300
N5—C391.494 (3)C31—C301.377 (3)
C33—C321.499 (3)C15—H15A0.9600
C5—C41.403 (3)C15—H15B0.9600
C5—C61.389 (2)C15—H15C0.9600
C8—C11.481 (2)C19—H19A0.9600
C24—C251.388 (3)C19—H19B0.9600
C24—C231.401 (2)C19—H19C0.9600
C24—C271.494 (2)C10—H100.9300
C21—C221.388 (2)C10—C111.377 (4)
C21—C261.385 (3)C35—H35A0.9700
C21—C201.514 (2)C35—H35B0.9700
C4—C31.401 (3)C29—H290.9300
C3—C21.387 (3)C29—C301.374 (4)
C3—C71.508 (3)C7—H7A0.9600
C16—C171.493 (3)C7—H7B0.9600
C32—C271.398 (2)C7—H7C0.9600
C32—C311.393 (3)C13—H130.9300
C22—H220.9300C13—C121.380 (4)
C22—C231.381 (2)C42—H42A0.9700
C26—H260.9300C42—H42B0.9700
C26—C251.390 (3)C30—H300.9300
C25—H250.9300C12—H120.9300
C1—C21.413 (3)C12—C111.391 (5)
C1—C61.386 (3)C11—H110.9300
C20—H20A0.9700C38—H38A0.9600
C20—H20B0.9700C38—H38B0.9600
C2—H20.9300C38—H38C0.9600
C9—C141.391 (3)C41—H41A0.9600
C9—C101.395 (3)C41—H41B0.9600
C23—H230.9300C41—H41C0.9600
C6—H60.9300C37—H37A0.9600
C14—C131.389 (3)C37—H37B0.9600
C27—C281.393 (3)C37—H37C0.9600
C17—H17A0.9700C40—H40A0.9600
C17—H17B0.9700C40—H40B0.9600
C17—C181.524 (3)C40—H40C0.9600
C33—O2—C34116.94 (15)O2—C34—C42106.74 (16)
C8—N3—C14104.61 (15)C35—C34—H34109.9
C5—N1—C16106.62 (16)C35—C34—C42109.22 (19)
C5—N1—C20123.67 (15)C42—C34—H34109.9
C16—N1—C20129.52 (16)N5—C36—C35110.32 (18)
C16—N2—C4105.36 (15)N5—C36—C38107.6 (2)
C8—N4—C9105.97 (15)N5—C36—C37108.6 (2)
C8—N4—C15128.04 (16)C35—C36—C37111.0 (2)
C9—N4—C15125.92 (16)C38—C36—C35109.1 (2)
O3—N5—C36115.85 (19)C38—C36—C37110.2 (3)
O3—N5—C39115.63 (19)N5—C39—C42110.24 (17)
C36—N5—C39125.24 (17)N5—C39—C41107.1 (2)
O2—C33—C32112.39 (17)N5—C39—C40109.4 (2)
O1—C33—O2124.1 (2)C41—C39—C42109.0 (2)
O1—C33—C32123.5 (2)C40—C39—C42111.5 (2)
N1—C5—C4105.32 (15)C40—C39—C41109.5 (3)
N1—C5—C6131.47 (17)C32—C31—H31119.5
C6—C5—C4123.22 (17)C30—C31—C32121.0 (2)
N3—C8—N4113.58 (16)C30—C31—H31119.5
N3—C8—C1123.86 (15)N4—C15—H15A109.5
N4—C8—C1122.51 (16)N4—C15—H15B109.5
C25—C24—C23117.72 (16)N4—C15—H15C109.5
C25—C24—C27120.84 (15)H15A—C15—H15B109.5
C23—C24—C27121.25 (15)H15A—C15—H15C109.5
C22—C21—C20121.05 (15)H15B—C15—H15C109.5
C26—C21—C22118.31 (16)C18—C19—H19A109.5
C26—C21—C20120.56 (15)C18—C19—H19B109.5
N2—C4—C5109.89 (17)C18—C19—H19C109.5
N2—C4—C3129.81 (17)H19A—C19—H19B109.5
C3—C4—C5120.29 (16)H19A—C19—H19C109.5
C4—C3—C7120.83 (18)H19B—C19—H19C109.5
C2—C3—C4116.89 (17)C9—C10—H10122.0
C2—C3—C7122.3 (2)C11—C10—C9116.0 (2)
N1—C16—C17122.65 (18)C11—C10—H10122.0
N2—C16—N1112.81 (17)C34—C35—C36111.74 (18)
N2—C16—C17124.46 (17)C34—C35—H35A109.3
C27—C32—C33124.36 (17)C34—C35—H35B109.3
C31—C32—C33115.83 (17)C36—C35—H35A109.3
C31—C32—C27119.80 (19)C36—C35—H35B109.3
C21—C22—H22119.4H35A—C35—H35B107.9
C23—C22—C21121.23 (15)C28—C29—H29120.4
C23—C22—H22119.4C30—C29—C28119.3 (2)
C21—C26—H26119.7C30—C29—H29120.4
C21—C26—C25120.66 (16)C3—C7—H7A109.5
C25—C26—H26119.7C3—C7—H7B109.5
C24—C25—C26121.28 (16)C3—C7—H7C109.5
C24—C25—H25119.4H7A—C7—H7B109.5
C26—C25—H25119.4H7A—C7—H7C109.5
C2—C1—C8117.47 (17)H7B—C7—H7C109.5
C6—C1—C8121.08 (16)C14—C13—H13121.2
C6—C1—C2121.43 (16)C12—C13—C14117.6 (3)
N1—C20—C21112.71 (14)C12—C13—H13121.2
N1—C20—H20A109.1C34—C42—C39112.48 (18)
N1—C20—H20B109.1C34—C42—H42A109.1
C21—C20—H20A109.1C34—C42—H42B109.1
C21—C20—H20B109.1C39—C42—H42A109.1
H20A—C20—H20B107.8C39—C42—H42B109.1
C3—C2—C1122.00 (18)H42A—C42—H42B107.8
C3—C2—H2119.0C31—C30—H30120.1
C1—C2—H2119.0C29—C30—C31119.9 (2)
N4—C9—C14105.46 (16)C29—C30—H30120.1
N4—C9—C10131.8 (2)C13—C12—H12119.3
C14—C9—C10122.7 (2)C13—C12—C11121.4 (2)
C24—C23—H23119.6C11—C12—H12119.3
C22—C23—C24120.76 (16)C10—C11—C12122.1 (2)
C22—C23—H23119.6C10—C11—H11119.0
C5—C6—H6121.9C12—C11—H11119.0
C1—C6—C5116.17 (16)C36—C38—H38A109.5
C1—C6—H6121.9C36—C38—H38B109.5
N3—C14—C9110.37 (17)C36—C38—H38C109.5
C13—C14—N3129.4 (2)H38A—C38—H38B109.5
C13—C14—C9120.1 (2)H38A—C38—H38C109.5
C32—C27—C24124.34 (16)H38B—C38—H38C109.5
C28—C27—C24117.82 (16)C39—C41—H41A109.5
C28—C27—C32117.60 (17)C39—C41—H41B109.5
C16—C17—H17A108.9C39—C41—H41C109.5
C16—C17—H17B108.9H41A—C41—H41B109.5
C16—C17—C18113.36 (17)H41A—C41—H41C109.5
H17A—C17—H17B107.7H41B—C41—H41C109.5
C18—C17—H17A108.9C36—C37—H37A109.5
C18—C17—H17B108.9C36—C37—H37B109.5
C17—C18—H18A108.8C36—C37—H37C109.5
C17—C18—H18B108.8H37A—C37—H37B109.5
H18A—C18—H18B107.7H37A—C37—H37C109.5
C19—C18—C17113.7 (2)H37B—C37—H37C109.5
C19—C18—H18A108.8C39—C40—H40A109.5
C19—C18—H18B108.8C39—C40—H40B109.5
C27—C28—H28118.9C39—C40—H40C109.5
C29—C28—C27122.24 (19)H40A—C40—H40B109.5
C29—C28—H28118.9H40A—C40—H40C109.5
O2—C34—H34109.9H40B—C40—H40C109.5
O2—C34—C35111.22 (16)
O2—C33—C32—C2745.4 (3)C32—C31—C30—C290.6 (4)
O2—C33—C32—C31135.0 (2)C22—C21—C26—C251.0 (3)
O2—C34—C35—C36179.36 (19)C22—C21—C20—N161.5 (2)
O2—C34—C42—C39177.69 (18)C26—C21—C22—C232.3 (3)
N3—C8—C1—C253.7 (2)C26—C21—C20—N1121.76 (19)
N3—C8—C1—C6124.8 (2)C25—C24—C23—C220.2 (3)
N3—C14—C13—C12177.2 (2)C25—C24—C27—C32149.3 (2)
N1—C5—C4—N20.4 (2)C25—C24—C27—C2836.5 (3)
N1—C5—C4—C3178.86 (16)C20—N1—C5—C4176.03 (15)
N1—C5—C6—C1179.56 (17)C20—N1—C5—C64.4 (3)
N1—C16—C17—C1875.7 (2)C20—N1—C16—N2175.62 (16)
N2—C4—C3—C2179.71 (18)C20—N1—C16—C177.6 (3)
N2—C4—C3—C71.8 (3)C20—C21—C22—C23174.53 (17)
N2—C16—C17—C18100.7 (2)C20—C21—C26—C25175.88 (18)
N4—C8—C1—C2123.50 (19)C2—C1—C6—C51.0 (3)
N4—C8—C1—C658.1 (2)C9—N4—C8—N31.1 (2)
N4—C9—C14—N30.5 (2)C9—N4—C8—C1176.29 (16)
N4—C9—C14—C13178.3 (2)C9—C14—C13—C120.1 (4)
N4—C9—C10—C11177.2 (2)C9—C10—C11—C120.2 (4)
O1—C33—C32—C27136.9 (2)C23—C24—C25—C261.5 (3)
O1—C33—C32—C3142.6 (3)C23—C24—C27—C3235.9 (3)
O3—N5—C36—C35169.2 (2)C23—C24—C27—C28138.3 (2)
O3—N5—C36—C3850.3 (3)C6—C5—C4—N2179.96 (16)
O3—N5—C36—C3769.0 (3)C6—C5—C4—C30.8 (3)
O3—N5—C39—C42170.4 (2)C6—C1—C2—C31.2 (3)
O3—N5—C39—C4152.0 (3)C14—N3—C8—N40.8 (2)
O3—N5—C39—C4066.6 (3)C14—N3—C8—C1176.60 (17)
N5—C36—C35—C3446.2 (3)C14—C9—C10—C111.4 (3)
N5—C39—C42—C3443.7 (3)C14—C13—C12—C111.5 (4)
C33—O2—C34—C3583.9 (2)C27—C24—C25—C26173.43 (19)
C33—O2—C34—C42157.05 (17)C27—C24—C23—C22174.73 (17)
C33—C32—C27—C249.9 (3)C27—C32—C31—C304.2 (4)
C33—C32—C27—C28175.9 (2)C27—C28—C29—C302.1 (4)
C33—C32—C31—C30176.2 (2)C28—C29—C30—C312.6 (4)
C5—N1—C16—N20.5 (2)C34—O2—C33—O110.3 (3)
C5—N1—C16—C17177.25 (16)C34—O2—C33—C32172.01 (15)
C5—N1—C20—C2170.0 (2)C36—N5—C39—C4231.0 (3)
C5—C4—C3—C20.6 (3)C36—N5—C39—C41149.4 (2)
C5—C4—C3—C7179.1 (2)C36—N5—C39—C4092.0 (3)
C8—N3—C14—C90.1 (2)C39—N5—C36—C3532.3 (3)
C8—N3—C14—C13177.4 (2)C39—N5—C36—C38151.2 (2)
C8—N4—C9—C140.96 (19)C39—N5—C36—C3789.6 (3)
C8—N4—C9—C10175.4 (2)C31—C32—C27—C24169.7 (2)
C8—C1—C2—C3179.62 (16)C31—C32—C27—C284.5 (3)
C8—C1—C6—C5179.37 (15)C15—N4—C8—N3178.2 (2)
C24—C27—C28—C29173.2 (2)C15—N4—C8—C10.8 (3)
C21—C22—C23—C241.7 (3)C15—N4—C9—C14178.1 (2)
C21—C26—C25—C241.0 (3)C15—N4—C9—C101.8 (4)
C4—N2—C16—N10.2 (2)C10—C9—C14—N3176.19 (19)
C4—N2—C16—C17176.91 (17)C10—C9—C14—C131.6 (3)
C4—C5—C6—C10.1 (3)C35—C34—C42—C3962.0 (2)
C4—C3—C2—C10.4 (3)C7—C3—C2—C1178.1 (2)
C16—N1—C5—C40.53 (18)C13—C12—C11—C101.7 (5)
C16—N1—C5—C6179.91 (18)C42—C34—C35—C3663.1 (3)
C16—N1—C20—C21104.4 (2)C38—C36—C35—C34164.2 (3)
C16—N2—C4—C50.2 (2)C41—C39—C42—C34161.0 (2)
C16—N2—C4—C3179.05 (19)C37—C36—C35—C3474.2 (3)
C16—C17—C18—C19179.7 (2)C40—C39—C42—C3478.1 (3)
C32—C27—C28—C291.4 (3)
List of the nearest 12 H-atom neighbours of the O radical atom top
The H atoms belonging to the dimethyl sub-units adjacent to the N—O moiety are marked in bold. Angles were included for O3···H—C.
Atom pairDistance (Å)Angle (°)
O3···H41A2.4596.50
O3···H38C2.5392.80
O3···H15B2.53158.03
O3···H40C2.6399.00
O3···H37A2.6598.20
O3···H292.76155.42
O3···H38A2.8872.40
O3···H102.92161.74
O3···H41C2.9768.30
O3···H37C3.2960.40
O3···H40A3.3060.00
O3···H15C3.6570.06
List of the C—H···Cg (Cg is a ring centroid) distances and the corresponding C—H···Cg angles top
Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C8/N4/C9/C14 ring, Cg2 that of the C21–C26 ring, and Cg3 that of the C1–C6 ring.
C—H···CgDistance (Å)Angle (°)
C13—H13···Cg12.90164.40
C2—H2···Cg22.98158.84
C41—H41B···Cg32.99171.64
 

Footnotes

These authors contributed equally to this work

Acknowledgements

Special thanks are extended to the Prudence and Louis Ryan Endowed Chair of Research for support to MLB. The funders played no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, and inter­pretation of data, or the writing of this article. The authors acknowledge support from the Medicines for All Institute and the Virginia Health Sciences research programs. We thank the VCU X-ray Crystallography Core Facility for instrument access and technical assistance. This work was supported in part by an NIH/NIAID grant.

Conflict of interest

MLB and YK are inventors on patents describing YK-4-250 (US20120196896A1; US17/728,485), licensed to Trocar Pharmaceuticals Inc. via Georgetown University.

Funding information

Funding for this research was provided by: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant No. 1U01AI187033-01 to M. L. Brown).

References

Return to citationAmano, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Ohno, K., Niimi, T., Orita, M., Sakashita, H. & Takeuchi, M. (2012). Hypertens. Res. 35, 715–719.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationAntonov, L., Kawauchi, S. & Shirata, K. (2022). Molecules 27, 1064.  CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationBannwarth, C., Ehlert, S. & Grimme, S. (2019). J. Chem. Theory Comput. 15, 1652–1671.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationBhatt, S. R., Lokhandwala, M. F. & Banday, A. A. (2014). Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 36, 367–373.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationBunin, D. I., Javitz, H. S., Gahagen, J., Bakke, J., Lane, J. H., Andrews, D. A. & Chang, P. Y. (2023). Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 117, 705–717.  CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationCunha, A. C., Ferreira, V. F., Vaz, M. G. F., Cassaro, R. A. A., Resende, J. A. L. C., Sacramento, C. Q., Costa, J., Abrantes, J. L., Souza, T. M. L. & Jordão, A. K. (2021). Mol. Divers. 25, 2035–2043.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationDiCarlo, A., Button, J., Cassatt, D., Chang, A., Finklea, L., Iyer, N., Moroni, M., Rios, C., Rudokas, M., Satyamitra, M., Taliaferro, L., Winters, T. & Homer, M. (2025). Disaster Med. Publ. Heal. Prep. 19, e199.  CrossRef Google Scholar
Return to citationDikalov, S. I. & Nazarewicz, R. R. (2013). Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 1085–1094.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationDinnebier, R. E., Sieger, P., Nar, H., Shankland, K. & David, W. I. (2000). J. Pharm. Sci. 89, 1465–1479.  CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Return to citationDolomanov, O. V., Bourhis, L. J., Gildea, R. J., Howard, J. A. K. & Puschmann, H. (2009). J. Appl. Cryst. 42, 339–341.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Return to citationEaton, V. J. & Steele, D. (1973). J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2 69, 1601–1608.  CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Return to citationFan, J. F., Wang, Y. K., Liu, M., Liu, G. S., Min, T. J., Chen, R. Y. & He, Y. (2023). Sci. Rep. 13, 11659.  CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationFreeman, M. L. (2025). Cell Death Discov. 11, 235.  CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationGarrido, A. M. & Griendling, K. K. (2009). Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 302, 148–158.  CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Return to citationGroom, C. R., Bruno, I. J., Lightfoot, M. P. & Ward, S. C. (2016). Acta Cryst. B72, 171–179.  Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Return to citationKumar, V. P., Kong, Y., Dolland, R., Brown, S. R., Wang, K., Dolland, D., Mu, D. & Brown, M. L. (2024). Antioxidants 13, 1207.  CrossRef PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationKumar, V. P., Kong, Y., Wang, K., Britton-Jenkins, A., Dulan, S., Moore, L., Saunders, D., May, R., Towner, R., Ghosh, S., Houchen, C. & Brown, M. (2026). Sci. Rep. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-53734-7Google Scholar
Return to citationNeese, F. (2022). WIREs Comput. Mol. Sci. 12, e1606.  Google Scholar
Return to citationNguyen Dinh Cat, A., Montezano, A. C., Burger, D. & Touyz, R. M. (2013). Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 1110–1120.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationOrzechowska-Licari, E. J., LaComb, J. F., Giarrizzo, M., Yang, V. W. & Bialkowska, A. B. (2022). J. Vis. Exp. 185, e64028.  Google Scholar
Return to citationParis, F., Fuks, Z., Kang, A., Capodieci, P., Juan, G., Ehleiter, D., Haimovitz-Friedman, A., Cordon-Cardo, C. & Kolesnick, R. (2001). Science 293, 293–297.  CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Return to citationParsons, S., Flack, H. D. & Wagner, T. (2013). Acta Cryst. B69, 249–259.  Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Return to citationRigaku OD (2021). CrysAlis PRO. Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.  Google Scholar
Return to citationShaker, A. & Rubin, D. C. (2010). Transl. Res. 156, 180–187.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationSheldrick, G. M. (2015a). Acta Cryst. A71, 3–8.  Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Return to citationSheldrick, G. M. (2015b). Acta Cryst. C71, 3–8.  Web of Science CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Return to citationSingh, M., Murugan, N. A., Kongsted, J., Zhan, P., Banerjee, U. C. & Poongavanam, V. (2024). Cryst. Growth Des. 24, 6354–6363.  CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Return to citationWilcox, C. S. (2010). Pharmacol. Ther. 126, 119–145.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Return to citationYu, L. (1995). J. Pharm. Sci. 84, 966–974.  CrossRef CAS PubMed Web of Science Google Scholar

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.

Journal logoSTRUCTURAL
CHEMISTRY
ISSN: 2053-2296