research papers
accessYK-4-250, a synthetic telmisartan–tempol conjugate: crystal structure of a stabilized free radical containing an angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibitor
aDepartment of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA, bDepartment of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA, cDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, dDepartment of Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA, and eMedicines for All Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: [email protected]
We report the first crystal structure of the telmisartan–tempol conjugate 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(λ′-oxidaneyl)piperidin-4-yl 4′-[(1,7′-dimethyl-2′-propyl-1H,3′H-[2,5′-bibenzo[d]imidazol]-3′-yl)methyl]-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate free radical (YK-4-250, C42H46N5O3), a dual-function inhibitor designed to target both the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Structural analysis reveals a unique crystal architecture in which the nitroxide radical is stabilized within a sterically protected environment while preserving the telmisartan pharmacophore essential for high-affinity receptor antagonism. YK-4-250 is a novel small-molecule conjugate of telmisartan and tempol that incorporates a catalytic stabilized nitroxide radical and was rationally designed to mitigate gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS).
Keywords: angiotensin receptor blocker; ARB; radiation mitigator; crystal structure; solid-state characterization; radical stabilization.
CCDC reference: 2522559
1. Introduction
The development of a small-molecule mitigator for radiation-induced tissue injury remains a significant unmet need in both clinical and national defense applications. High-dose exposure to ionizing radiation from radiological accidents or nuclear detonations triggers complex multi-organ pathologies. While the hematopoietic system is highly vulnerable, exposure to higher doses ranging from 6 to 10 Gy induces gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) (Freeman, 2025
). The lethal pathology of GI-ARS manifests rapidly, driven by the profound ablation of highly proliferative intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) within the crypts of Lieberkühn, coupled with severe microvascular endothelial damage (Paris et al., 2001
; Shaker & Rubin, 2010
). This mucosal barrier breakdown leads to structural villus blunting, severe diarrhea, systemic sepsis, and death, typically benchmarked within 10 to 30 days in a partial-body irradiation (PBI) LD50/30 model (Kumar et al., 2026
). While medical countermeasures exist to support bone marrow recovery (Bunin et al., 2023
), there remains a critical therapeutic void for orally available small-molecule countermeasures capable of mitigating GI-ARS when administered 24 h or longer post-exposure.
A mounting body of evidence highlights a lethal synergistic feed-forward loop between the local renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and chronic oxidative stress in driving this radiation-induced tissue injury (Kumar et al., 2024
; DiCarlo et al., 2025
). Ionizing radiation initiates immediate radiolytic water cleavage, generating a massive burst of primary reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the long-term propagation of tissue damage is sustained by chronic metabolic ROS production. This sustained oxidative stress is largely mediated by the upregulation of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and its subsequent binding to the Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor (AT1R) (Fan et al., 2023
).
Activation of the AT1R by Ang II triggers the membrane-bound enzyme complex NADPH oxidase (Nox), dramatically amplifying intracellular superoxide (O2.–) generation (Garrido et al., 2009
). This secondary wave of ROS induces persistent mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation of endothelial membranes, and pro-inflammatory signalling via nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkb). In the gastrointestinal tract, this cascade accelerates endothelial cell apoptosis, deprives the intestinal crypts of necessary perfusion, and halts crypt regeneration (Orzechowska-Licari et al., 2022
). Conversely, elevated ROS levels further upregulate local AT1R expression (Bhatt et al., 2014
) and stimulate local Ang II production (Dikalov & Nazarewicz, 2013
), locking the irradiated GI microenvironment into a chronic cycle of inflammation, vasoconstriction, and fibroproliferative remodeling (Nguyen Dinh Cat et al., 2013
). To intercept this destructive signalling loop, YK-4-250 was rationally designed as a synthetic conjugate of telmisartan, a clinically approved AT1R antagonist, and tempol, a stable nitroxide radical with well-established antioxidant and radioprotective properties (Kumar et al., 2026
). The compound blocks radiation-induced Ang II signalling at the AT1R while simultaneously scavenging ROS generated by radiolysis of water and activation of NADPH oxidase (Nox).
The physiological rationale for this specific hybrid design exploits critical mechanistic synergies to achieve what monotherapy cannot. By blocking the AT1R, the telmisartan core prevents the initial Ang II-dependent assembly and activation of Nox, cutting off the primary enzymatic source of secondary metabolic ROS. Concurrently, the integrated nitroxide tempol moiety acts as a highly efficient intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic and peroxynitrite scavenger, rapidly detoxifying residual O2.– and preventing the formation of highly destructive hydroxyl radicals (Wilcox, 2010
). This dual mechanism simultaneously relieves AT1R-mediated microvascular vasoconstriction and protects the thin-walled endothelial cells of the villi from oxidative apoptosis, thereby preserving the sub-epithelial vascular niche essential for regenerating intestinal stem cells (Kumar et al., 2026
). Furthermore, telmisartan offers a distinct pharmacological of extended half-life of nearly 22 hours, which works in tandem to extend the half-life of tempol's antioxidant property to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b) and dampen the systemic inflammatory response accompanying barrier breakdown.
Crucially, this bifunctional strategy addresses the severe pharmacokinetic limitations that have historically hindered free antioxidants from clinical translation. While native antioxidant proteins or free nitroxides suffer from poor oral bioavailability and ultra-short biological half-lives, the lipophilic telmisartan core serves as an effective pharmacological vehicle. This scaffold optimizes gastrointestinal absorption and tissue distribution, yielding the first orally available small-molecule mitigator engineered to break the AT1R–ROS feed-forward loop directly within the injured mesenteric and intestinal mucosa after exposure to partial body irradiation (PBI) LD50/30. The integration of these two pharmacophores, AT1R antagonism and catalytic antioxidation, represents a dual-mechanism strategy for mitigating GI-ARS. Here, we report the first single-crystal X-ray structure of a telmisartan–tempol conjugate, providing structural insight into its molecular geometry, radical-stabilizing interactions, and conformational features that may underlie its biological activity and support its development as a potential active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for GI-ARS.
2. Experimental
2.1. Synthesis and crystallization
YK-4-250 was synthesized by the coupling of telmisartan and tempol under EDCI/HOBt coupling conditions in DMF at room temperature for 12 h. The product was purified by normal-phase flash chromatography using methylene chloride–methanol as eluent to give analytically pure material in 78% yield (Fig. 1
). Structure characterization was performed by HRMS (TOF): calculated for C42H47N5O3 (M + H)+: 669.3679; found: 669.3675. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation of a 1:1 (v/v) ethyl acetate/hexanes solution over 7 d at room temperature.
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Figure 1
The reaction scheme for the preparation of YK-4-250. |
2.2. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 1
. H atoms bonded to C atoms were placed in calculated positions and refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C) for aromatic/methylene groups and 1.2Ueq(C) for methyl groups. The C—H bond distances were set to de facto standard values corresponding to their respective hybridization states.
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2.3. Simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely regarded as a key technique for inferring the thermodynamic relationships between multiple crystal forms (Yu, 1995
). Simultaneous DSC/TGA (SDT) was performed on an SDT650 to supplement the obtained DSC data with any mass change events. A single ∼2.5 mg crystal of YK-4-250 was added to an aluminium DSC pan without a sealing lid. The chamber was held inert by steady N2 gas purge while the chamber was ramped to 471.15 K at a rate of 5 K min−1. Three cycles were programmed to cool to 388.15 K and subsequently heated to 471.15 K; this was done to capture any melting and fusion events and verify these events' parameters. However, none were observed, a single exothermic event (70.3 J g−1) was observed at an onset of 446.75 K with a peak at 453.15 K. This event was accompanied by a 0.2% weight loss (Fig. 2
). It is hypothesized that the melting of the compound frees the radical and triggers an irreversible decomposition. Due to this, it was not possible to determine the thermodynamic stability of this structure or if other more thermodynamically stable conformations exist by DSC. Telmisartan is known to exhibit two polymorphs; therefore, it is pertinent to elucidate if this compound also exhibits polymorphism in future work (Cunha et al., 2021
; Dinnebier et al., 2000
).
|
|
Figure 2
(Top) DSC trace of three cycles 388.15–471.15 K and (bottom) TGA curve of three cycles 388.15–471.15 K. |
2.4. ORCA density functional theory (DFT) optimization of a single molecule
The theoretical single-molecule structure was pre-optimized with XTB (Dinnebier et al., 2000
) set to normal and fully optimized with ORCA (Version 6.0.1) using the B3LYP functional and def2-SVP basis set using TightSCF convergence; the radical is specified via one unpaired electron designation (Neese, 2022
; Bannwarth et al., 2019
).
3. Results
3.1. Structural commentary and DFT theoretical structure
YK-4-250 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Ia with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The molecule adopts an extended conformation in which the telmisartan and tempol fragments are oriented nearly perpendicular to each other.
Key bond lengths and angles in the telmisartan-derived biphenyl fragments match those in previously reported telmisartan structures; however, the dibenzimidazole interfacial angle of YK-4-250 [Fig. 3
(a)] is significantly more eclipsed than in telmisartan form A (Amano et al., 2012
; Cunha et al., 2021
; Dinnebier et al., 2000
; Singh et al., 2024
). The presence of the radical does not significantly distort the tempol backbone. The interfacial angles of the experimentally calculated conformer's biphenyl rings and dibenzimidazole system are listed and compared to the theoretically optimized single molecule, as well as the known telmisartan form A in (see Table S1 in the supporting information) (Dinnebier et al., 2000
). The theoretical single-molecule structure [Fig. 3
(b)] revealed that the radical is 94% confined to the nitroxide moiety, as calculated via total spin occupancy in the N—O system.
|
Figure 3
(a) Experimentally measured YK-4-250, drawn with 50% probability displacement ellipsoids, and (b) theoretically calculated YK-4-250 via ORCA. |
The comparison of the experimentally obtained crystal structure to the optimized single-molecule structure provides insight into the influence of crystal packing on molecular conformation. The radical confinement to the nitroxide moiety is not meaningfully affected by the crystal structure, in both the gas-optimized single molecule and crystal structure, 94% of the radical electron spin is confined to the N—O moiety. The dihedral (interfacial) angles of the ring systems in the molecule give insight into the intermolecular interactions and intramolecular conformation. The dihedral angle changes of the dibenzimidazole and biphenyl rings reflects the balance between intermolecular interactions and intramolecular conjugation. Biphenyl by itself in solution at room temperature exhibits a rather flexible dihedral angle in the range 32–45° (Eaton & Steele, 1973
). The DFT-optimized single molecule exhibits a comparable interfacial angle of 47.3°, whereas the packed crystal shows a significant shift to 61.3°. Furthermore, the close intermolecular contact distance falls well within the sum of the respective atomic van der Waals radii, confirming that the observed packing is stabilized by standard van der Waals forces. For the dibenzimidazole rings, no exact analogue was found in the literature. However, an article by Antonov and co-workers described the dihedral angles of a 2′-phenyl-2,5′-bibenzodimidazole [2,5′-BBIm (c1)] to be 18.28° in the aqueous phase (Antonov et al., 2022
). For comparison, the DFT-optimized single molecule exhibits an interfacial angle of 37.9°, whereas the experimentally obtained crystal structure displays a reduced angle of 31.9°. This contraction in the solid state is likely driven by fewer intermolecular interactions involving the benzimidazole subunits.
3.2. Supramolecular features
In the extended lattice, molecules pack in layers parallel to the ab plane (see Fig. S2 in the supporting information). Intermolecular C—H⋯O contacts (3.1 Å) link molecules into one-dimensional chains along the b axis. Additional stabilization is provided by three C—H⋯π interactions (Table 3
) involving the phenyl and benzimidazole rings. The crystal structure exhibits mainly van der Waals interactions. The nitroxide radical does not participate in significant intermolecular interactions, consistent with preserved radical stability in the solid state. In fact, the only near neighbors (<4 Å) are methyl or phenyl H atoms (Table 2
) for the nearest 12 H-atom neighbors of the radical O atom.
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3.3. Database survey
A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD, Version 5.46; Groom et al., 2016
) revealed no previously reported crystal structures of telmisartan–tempol conjugates or related stabilized nitroxide–AT1R inhibitor analogues. While crystal forms of telmisartan (Dinnebier et al., 2000
) and structural analogues of tempol (Cunha et al., 2021
) have been described independently, to our knowledge, YK-4-250 represents the first structurally characterized molecule in which an AT1R antagonist is covalently linked to a stable nitroxide radical.
4. Discussion
4.1. Radical stabilization through crystal packing
The most significant finding is the structure by which the nitroxide radical in YK-4-250 is stabilized in the solid state. Unlike tempol derivatives (Cunha et al., 2021
), which typically rely on hydrogen-bonding networks involving the nitroxide O atom, YK-4-250 presents no conventional hydrogen-bond donors; both benzimidazole N atoms are substituted and no O—H or N—H groups are present, structurally precluding the participation of atom O3 in such interactions. Strong hydrogen-bond donors would impose a thermodynamic driving force sufficient to position donors near O3 despite steric cost; their absence means the steric environment provided by the flanking dimethyl substituents becomes the sole determinant of access to the radical center. The result is a sterically protected environment in which only the adjacent CH3 groups and aromatic H atoms from neighboring YK-4-250 molecules approach within 4 Å of O3, exclusively as weak C—H⋯O contacts (Table 2
). This intramolecular steric shielding, which restricts intermolecular access to the radical center rather than relying on conventional hydrogen bonding, may offer a promising design principle for developing stable radical-containing pharmaceuticals that must preserve their paramagnetic character during storage and formulation. B3LYP/def2-SVP spin population analysis in ORCA (Version 6.0.1) confirms 94% spin confinement to the N—O moiety, with negligible change between the gas-phase optimized and crystal-conformation geometries, indicating that radical localization is robust to the conformational constraints imposed by crystal packing.
4.2. Crystal packing and solid-state organization
Unlike telmisartan form A, which achieves crystal cohesion through extensive hydrogen bonding (Cunha et al., 2021
), YK-4-250 organizes its solid-state structure through a hierarchy of weaker interactions. At the primary level, intermolecular C—H⋯O contacts (H⋯O = 3.1 Å) link molecules into one-dimensional chains along the b axis, with these chains assembling into layers parallel to the ab plane. Three C—H⋯π interactions involving the phenyl and benzimidazole ring systems (Table 2
) provide lateral cohesion between chains. Together these contacts define a packing arrangement in which directional weak interactions substitute collectively for the conventional hydrogen-bonding networks present in related structures.
4.3. Thermal behaviour and polymorph considerations
Thermal analysis revealed a single exothermic event at 446.75 K accompanied by minimal mass loss (0.2%). This behavior renders conventional DSC-based polymorph screening unfeasible, leaving the question of whether additional thermodynamically stable forms exist. Given that telmisartan exhibits two known polymorphs (Dinnebier et al., 2000
) and the flexible ester linker at the tempol conjugation site introduces additional degrees of freedom, polymorph screening through solution-mediated approaches remains necessary to inform solid-form control during pharmaceutical development. Identifying the most stable polymorph and understanding transformation pathways will be critical for ensuring consistent manufacturing, long-term stability of this potential drug candidate, and FDA evaluation.
4.4. Implications for structure–activity optimization and formulation development
The crystal structure provides a key insight for designing next-generation derivatives that balance receptor-binding potency with radical stabilization. Key design considerations include: (i) maintaining the conformation that preserves the active AT1R pharmacophore geometry, (ii) engineering intramolecular interactions that stabilize the radical through spatial isolation, and (iii) minimizing intermolecular contacts with the nitroxide center that could compromise radical stability during processing or storage. The characterization of the solid-state properties of YK-4-250, including its packing behavior and thermal stability profile, informs formulation strategies for this promising radiation mitigator and supports the continued development as a dual-mechanism pharmaceutical agent for gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 2522559
Crystal structure: contains datablocks I, global. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2053229626007242/ov3185sup1.cif
Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2053229626007242/ov3185Isup2.hkl
Additional figures and tables. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2053229626007242/ov3185sup3.pdf
| C42H46N5O3 | Dx = 1.202 Mg m−3 |
| Mr = 668.84 | Melting point: 450.65 K |
| Monoclinic, Ia | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å |
| a = 9.4556 (1) Å | Cell parameters from 13399 reflections |
| b = 27.1981 (3) Å | θ = 3.2–74.7° |
| c = 15.0100 (2) Å | µ = 0.60 mm−1 |
| β = 106.828 (2)° | T = 295 K |
| V = 3694.89 (8) Å3 | Prism, clear light orange |
| Z = 4 | 0.65 × 0.38 × 0.20 mm |
| F(000) = 1428 |
| Rigaku XtaLAB AFC11 diffractometer | 4987 independent reflections |
| Radiation source: Rotating-anode X-ray tube, Rigaku (Cu) X-ray Source | 4906 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
| Mirror monochromator | Rint = 0.019 |
| Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 75.1°, θmin = 3.3° |
| ω scans | h = −7→11 |
| Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Rigaku OD, 2021) | k = −23→33 |
| Tmin = 0.550, Tmax = 1.000 | l = −18→18 |
| 16498 measured reflections |
| Refinement on F2 | H-atom parameters constrained |
| Least-squares matrix: full | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0543P)2 + 0.4013P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
| R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
| wR(F2) = 0.082 | Δρmax = 0.12 e Å−3 |
| S = 1.06 | Δρmin = −0.11 e Å−3 |
| 4987 reflections | Extinction correction: SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
| 459 parameters | Extinction coefficient: 0.00309 (16) |
| 2 restraints | Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 1302 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons et al., 2013) |
| Primary atom site location: dual | Absolute structure parameter: 0.06 (11) |
| Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
| x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
| O2 | 0.74960 (16) | 0.76214 (5) | 0.42813 (9) | 0.0532 (3) | |
| N3 | 0.13509 (19) | 0.53006 (6) | 0.37466 (11) | 0.0515 (4) | |
| N1 | 0.73645 (17) | 0.56316 (5) | 0.64019 (10) | 0.0428 (3) | |
| N2 | 0.6376 (2) | 0.58611 (6) | 0.75260 (11) | 0.0494 (4) | |
| N4 | 0.26340 (18) | 0.58488 (6) | 0.31727 (10) | 0.0460 (3) | |
| O1 | 0.9339 (2) | 0.81552 (6) | 0.48660 (14) | 0.0797 (5) | |
| O3 | 0.3505 (2) | 0.81083 (8) | 0.61658 (14) | 0.0852 (5) | |
| N5 | 0.4382 (2) | 0.79978 (7) | 0.56816 (12) | 0.0573 (4) | |
| C33 | 0.8820 (2) | 0.78187 (7) | 0.43573 (15) | 0.0533 (4) | |
| C5 | 0.5863 (2) | 0.56727 (6) | 0.59801 (12) | 0.0409 (3) | |
| C8 | 0.2493 (2) | 0.55951 (6) | 0.39351 (12) | 0.0417 (4) | |
| C24 | 0.9204 (2) | 0.66983 (6) | 0.41545 (12) | 0.0420 (4) | |
| C21 | 0.86352 (19) | 0.59403 (6) | 0.52836 (12) | 0.0403 (3) | |
| C4 | 0.5259 (2) | 0.58142 (7) | 0.66917 (12) | 0.0440 (4) | |
| C3 | 0.3732 (2) | 0.58809 (7) | 0.65026 (12) | 0.0490 (4) | |
| C16 | 0.7599 (2) | 0.57517 (7) | 0.73277 (12) | 0.0458 (4) | |
| C32 | 0.9565 (2) | 0.75868 (7) | 0.37063 (13) | 0.0488 (4) | |
| C22 | 0.9155 (2) | 0.63948 (6) | 0.56598 (12) | 0.0422 (4) | |
| H22 | 0.930400 | 0.645032 | 0.629169 | 0.051* | |
| C26 | 0.8371 (2) | 0.58723 (7) | 0.43347 (13) | 0.0489 (4) | |
| H26 | 0.800917 | 0.557219 | 0.406737 | 0.059* | |
| C25 | 0.8643 (2) | 0.62482 (7) | 0.37781 (12) | 0.0497 (4) | |
| H25 | 0.844464 | 0.619693 | 0.314111 | 0.060* | |
| C1 | 0.3509 (2) | 0.56697 (6) | 0.48817 (12) | 0.0428 (4) | |
| C20 | 0.8437 (2) | 0.55203 (6) | 0.58980 (13) | 0.0446 (4) | |
| H20A | 0.811298 | 0.523070 | 0.551619 | 0.054* | |
| H20B | 0.938197 | 0.544514 | 0.634284 | 0.054* | |
| C2 | 0.2878 (2) | 0.58051 (7) | 0.55918 (13) | 0.0468 (4) | |
| H2 | 0.185904 | 0.584453 | 0.544417 | 0.056* | |
| C9 | 0.1447 (2) | 0.57061 (7) | 0.24327 (13) | 0.0474 (4) | |
| C23 | 0.9455 (2) | 0.67659 (6) | 0.51131 (12) | 0.0430 (4) | |
| H23 | 0.982710 | 0.706421 | 0.538444 | 0.052* | |
| C6 | 0.5017 (2) | 0.55970 (6) | 0.50660 (12) | 0.0436 (4) | |
| H6 | 0.543869 | 0.550290 | 0.460415 | 0.052* | |
| C14 | 0.0671 (2) | 0.53651 (7) | 0.27999 (14) | 0.0509 (4) | |
| C27 | 0.9643 (2) | 0.70802 (7) | 0.35700 (12) | 0.0443 (4) | |
| C17 | 0.9088 (2) | 0.57289 (7) | 0.80253 (13) | 0.0525 (4) | |
| H17A | 0.906729 | 0.591762 | 0.856971 | 0.063* | |
| H17B | 0.980363 | 0.588105 | 0.776162 | 0.063* | |
| C18 | 0.9591 (3) | 0.52068 (9) | 0.83263 (17) | 0.0647 (6) | |
| H18A | 0.887117 | 0.505436 | 0.858647 | 0.078* | |
| H18B | 0.961409 | 0.501873 | 0.778162 | 0.078* | |
| C28 | 1.0290 (3) | 0.69221 (8) | 0.28963 (15) | 0.0575 (5) | |
| H28 | 1.033147 | 0.658672 | 0.278549 | 0.069* | |
| C34 | 0.6760 (2) | 0.77726 (7) | 0.49660 (14) | 0.0506 (4) | |
| H34 | 0.748813 | 0.780890 | 0.557765 | 0.061* | |
| C36 | 0.5170 (3) | 0.84149 (8) | 0.54089 (16) | 0.0626 (5) | |
| C39 | 0.4861 (3) | 0.74726 (8) | 0.57285 (16) | 0.0610 (5) | |
| C31 | 1.0217 (3) | 0.79105 (8) | 0.32236 (17) | 0.0656 (6) | |
| H31 | 1.021941 | 0.824564 | 0.334655 | 0.079* | |
| C15 | 0.3740 (3) | 0.62120 (10) | 0.31379 (17) | 0.0680 (6) | |
| H15A | 0.392234 | 0.642258 | 0.367249 | 0.102* | |
| H15B | 0.338978 | 0.640511 | 0.258204 | 0.102* | |
| H15C | 0.463889 | 0.604867 | 0.313600 | 0.102* | |
| C19 | 1.1084 (3) | 0.51810 (13) | 0.90306 (18) | 0.0830 (8) | |
| H19A | 1.180542 | 0.532863 | 0.877747 | 0.125* | |
| H19B | 1.134047 | 0.484345 | 0.918189 | 0.125* | |
| H19C | 1.105999 | 0.535452 | 0.958311 | 0.125* | |
| C10 | 0.0965 (3) | 0.58631 (9) | 0.15094 (14) | 0.0641 (6) | |
| H10 | 0.148101 | 0.609647 | 0.127423 | 0.077* | |
| C35 | 0.5935 (3) | 0.82486 (8) | 0.46881 (16) | 0.0619 (5) | |
| H35A | 0.520020 | 0.820666 | 0.408984 | 0.074* | |
| H35B | 0.662016 | 0.850148 | 0.462087 | 0.074* | |
| C29 | 1.0873 (3) | 0.72469 (9) | 0.23865 (16) | 0.0666 (6) | |
| H29 | 1.126902 | 0.713145 | 0.192683 | 0.080* | |
| C7 | 0.3070 (3) | 0.60404 (11) | 0.72578 (16) | 0.0715 (7) | |
| H7A | 0.327025 | 0.579622 | 0.774005 | 0.107* | |
| H7B | 0.202127 | 0.607850 | 0.700041 | 0.107* | |
| H7C | 0.349761 | 0.634818 | 0.751374 | 0.107* | |
| C13 | −0.0621 (3) | 0.51568 (9) | 0.22368 (18) | 0.0732 (7) | |
| H13 | −0.115056 | 0.492790 | 0.247142 | 0.088* | |
| C42 | 0.5678 (3) | 0.73715 (8) | 0.50012 (17) | 0.0601 (5) | |
| H42A | 0.620371 | 0.706190 | 0.514598 | 0.072* | |
| H42B | 0.496215 | 0.733987 | 0.439322 | 0.072* | |
| C30 | 1.0859 (3) | 0.77418 (9) | 0.25669 (18) | 0.0697 (6) | |
| H30 | 1.128335 | 0.796264 | 0.224618 | 0.084* | |
| C12 | −0.1090 (4) | 0.53016 (12) | 0.1317 (2) | 0.0852 (9) | |
| H12 | −0.193886 | 0.516194 | 0.092167 | 0.102* | |
| C11 | −0.0320 (3) | 0.56520 (12) | 0.09669 (17) | 0.0786 (8) | |
| H11 | −0.068399 | 0.574663 | 0.034705 | 0.094* | |
| C38 | 0.4020 (5) | 0.88081 (12) | 0.4974 (3) | 0.1059 (12) | |
| H38A | 0.323739 | 0.866323 | 0.448834 | 0.159* | |
| H38B | 0.447751 | 0.906563 | 0.471841 | 0.159* | |
| H38C | 0.362226 | 0.894209 | 0.544264 | 0.159* | |
| C41 | 0.3461 (4) | 0.71577 (12) | 0.5504 (3) | 0.0926 (9) | |
| H41A | 0.295273 | 0.721447 | 0.596332 | 0.139* | |
| H41B | 0.372491 | 0.681664 | 0.550885 | 0.139* | |
| H41C | 0.282848 | 0.724433 | 0.490034 | 0.139* | |
| C37 | 0.6297 (4) | 0.86185 (14) | 0.6286 (2) | 0.0987 (10) | |
| H37A | 0.579949 | 0.870549 | 0.673790 | 0.148* | |
| H37B | 0.676624 | 0.890455 | 0.612623 | 0.148* | |
| H37C | 0.702995 | 0.837239 | 0.654273 | 0.148* | |
| C40 | 0.5826 (4) | 0.73558 (15) | 0.6711 (2) | 0.0970 (10) | |
| H40A | 0.672508 | 0.754194 | 0.684087 | 0.146* | |
| H40B | 0.605372 | 0.701106 | 0.675797 | 0.146* | |
| H40C | 0.530544 | 0.744077 | 0.715157 | 0.146* |
| U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
| O2 | 0.0539 (8) | 0.0505 (7) | 0.0616 (8) | 0.0051 (6) | 0.0269 (6) | −0.0076 (6) |
| N3 | 0.0491 (9) | 0.0478 (8) | 0.0563 (8) | −0.0056 (7) | 0.0132 (7) | 0.0089 (6) |
| N1 | 0.0418 (8) | 0.0444 (7) | 0.0449 (7) | −0.0011 (6) | 0.0169 (6) | 0.0026 (6) |
| N2 | 0.0560 (9) | 0.0517 (8) | 0.0416 (7) | 0.0053 (7) | 0.0159 (7) | 0.0017 (6) |
| N4 | 0.0481 (8) | 0.0472 (8) | 0.0461 (7) | −0.0015 (7) | 0.0189 (7) | 0.0035 (6) |
| O1 | 0.0843 (12) | 0.0672 (10) | 0.1010 (12) | −0.0194 (9) | 0.0481 (10) | −0.0338 (9) |
| O3 | 0.0823 (12) | 0.0996 (14) | 0.0949 (12) | 0.0062 (10) | 0.0593 (10) | −0.0101 (10) |
| N5 | 0.0529 (10) | 0.0676 (10) | 0.0585 (9) | 0.0033 (8) | 0.0273 (8) | −0.0051 (8) |
| C33 | 0.0609 (12) | 0.0417 (9) | 0.0636 (11) | 0.0029 (8) | 0.0280 (9) | −0.0003 (8) |
| C5 | 0.0435 (9) | 0.0388 (8) | 0.0439 (8) | 0.0010 (7) | 0.0183 (7) | 0.0040 (6) |
| C8 | 0.0418 (9) | 0.0406 (8) | 0.0455 (8) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0168 (7) | 0.0057 (6) |
| C24 | 0.0447 (9) | 0.0395 (8) | 0.0461 (8) | 0.0038 (7) | 0.0201 (7) | 0.0015 (6) |
| C21 | 0.0347 (8) | 0.0407 (8) | 0.0488 (8) | 0.0012 (7) | 0.0174 (7) | 0.0011 (6) |
| C4 | 0.0497 (10) | 0.0432 (8) | 0.0438 (8) | 0.0053 (7) | 0.0207 (8) | 0.0047 (6) |
| C3 | 0.0546 (11) | 0.0510 (10) | 0.0476 (9) | 0.0121 (8) | 0.0246 (8) | 0.0052 (7) |
| C16 | 0.0523 (10) | 0.0421 (8) | 0.0437 (8) | −0.0007 (7) | 0.0150 (8) | 0.0032 (7) |
| C32 | 0.0536 (11) | 0.0428 (8) | 0.0553 (9) | 0.0063 (8) | 0.0245 (8) | 0.0058 (7) |
| C22 | 0.0450 (9) | 0.0424 (8) | 0.0414 (8) | −0.0007 (7) | 0.0159 (7) | 0.0003 (6) |
| C26 | 0.0584 (11) | 0.0398 (8) | 0.0516 (9) | −0.0070 (8) | 0.0210 (9) | −0.0064 (7) |
| C25 | 0.0624 (12) | 0.0466 (9) | 0.0431 (8) | −0.0029 (8) | 0.0201 (8) | −0.0032 (7) |
| C1 | 0.0461 (10) | 0.0396 (8) | 0.0454 (8) | 0.0005 (7) | 0.0177 (7) | 0.0039 (6) |
| C20 | 0.0432 (9) | 0.0394 (8) | 0.0555 (9) | 0.0037 (7) | 0.0212 (8) | 0.0046 (7) |
| C2 | 0.0447 (9) | 0.0489 (9) | 0.0518 (9) | 0.0091 (7) | 0.0218 (8) | 0.0075 (7) |
| C9 | 0.0490 (10) | 0.0496 (9) | 0.0449 (8) | 0.0080 (8) | 0.0156 (8) | −0.0028 (7) |
| C23 | 0.0475 (9) | 0.0374 (7) | 0.0464 (8) | −0.0019 (7) | 0.0171 (7) | −0.0032 (6) |
| C6 | 0.0456 (9) | 0.0456 (8) | 0.0449 (8) | −0.0008 (7) | 0.0211 (7) | 0.0016 (7) |
| C14 | 0.0496 (10) | 0.0437 (9) | 0.0569 (10) | 0.0028 (8) | 0.0115 (8) | 0.0006 (7) |
| C27 | 0.0478 (10) | 0.0425 (8) | 0.0474 (8) | 0.0047 (7) | 0.0214 (7) | 0.0041 (7) |
| C17 | 0.0536 (11) | 0.0528 (10) | 0.0486 (9) | −0.0040 (9) | 0.0107 (8) | 0.0015 (8) |
| C18 | 0.0595 (13) | 0.0612 (12) | 0.0668 (12) | −0.0013 (10) | 0.0078 (10) | 0.0154 (10) |
| C28 | 0.0729 (14) | 0.0487 (10) | 0.0632 (11) | 0.0095 (10) | 0.0388 (10) | 0.0058 (8) |
| C34 | 0.0551 (11) | 0.0492 (10) | 0.0533 (9) | 0.0053 (8) | 0.0248 (9) | −0.0030 (7) |
| C36 | 0.0732 (14) | 0.0522 (10) | 0.0757 (13) | 0.0078 (10) | 0.0424 (12) | −0.0054 (9) |
| C39 | 0.0592 (12) | 0.0607 (12) | 0.0690 (12) | 0.0001 (10) | 0.0278 (10) | 0.0077 (10) |
| C31 | 0.0830 (16) | 0.0425 (10) | 0.0837 (14) | 0.0059 (10) | 0.0436 (13) | 0.0153 (10) |
| C15 | 0.0641 (14) | 0.0753 (14) | 0.0664 (12) | −0.0177 (11) | 0.0216 (11) | 0.0185 (11) |
| C19 | 0.0668 (16) | 0.110 (2) | 0.0664 (13) | 0.0268 (16) | 0.0092 (12) | 0.0032 (14) |
| C10 | 0.0741 (15) | 0.0745 (14) | 0.0457 (10) | 0.0116 (11) | 0.0207 (10) | 0.0023 (9) |
| C35 | 0.0776 (15) | 0.0497 (10) | 0.0716 (12) | 0.0132 (10) | 0.0426 (12) | 0.0048 (9) |
| C29 | 0.0825 (17) | 0.0673 (13) | 0.0679 (12) | 0.0121 (12) | 0.0499 (13) | 0.0112 (10) |
| C7 | 0.0689 (15) | 0.0975 (18) | 0.0580 (11) | 0.0299 (13) | 0.0340 (11) | 0.0033 (11) |
| C13 | 0.0646 (15) | 0.0642 (13) | 0.0803 (15) | −0.0113 (11) | 0.0042 (12) | −0.0053 (11) |
| C42 | 0.0610 (13) | 0.0490 (10) | 0.0755 (13) | 0.0026 (9) | 0.0280 (11) | −0.0030 (9) |
| C30 | 0.0841 (17) | 0.0589 (12) | 0.0818 (14) | 0.0087 (12) | 0.0488 (13) | 0.0237 (11) |
| C12 | 0.0769 (18) | 0.0924 (19) | 0.0680 (14) | 0.0024 (15) | −0.0081 (14) | −0.0204 (14) |
| C11 | 0.0815 (18) | 0.0983 (19) | 0.0494 (11) | 0.0159 (16) | 0.0084 (12) | −0.0074 (12) |
| C38 | 0.133 (3) | 0.0790 (18) | 0.136 (3) | 0.0499 (19) | 0.087 (2) | 0.0236 (18) |
| C41 | 0.082 (2) | 0.0845 (19) | 0.125 (2) | −0.0228 (16) | 0.0521 (19) | −0.0064 (17) |
| C37 | 0.098 (2) | 0.100 (2) | 0.115 (2) | −0.0312 (18) | 0.0588 (19) | −0.0558 (18) |
| C40 | 0.101 (2) | 0.115 (2) | 0.0773 (17) | 0.015 (2) | 0.0298 (16) | 0.0348 (16) |
| O2—C33 | 1.336 (3) | C18—H18A | 0.9700 |
| O2—C34 | 1.457 (2) | C18—H18B | 0.9700 |
| N3—C8 | 1.308 (2) | C18—C19 | 1.500 (3) |
| N3—C14 | 1.391 (2) | C28—H28 | 0.9300 |
| N1—C5 | 1.381 (2) | C28—C29 | 1.383 (3) |
| N1—C16 | 1.382 (2) | C34—H34 | 0.9800 |
| N1—C20 | 1.461 (2) | C34—C35 | 1.507 (3) |
| N2—C4 | 1.391 (2) | C34—C42 | 1.507 (3) |
| N2—C16 | 1.309 (3) | C36—C35 | 1.534 (3) |
| N4—C8 | 1.375 (2) | C36—C38 | 1.530 (4) |
| N4—C9 | 1.387 (3) | C36—C37 | 1.538 (4) |
| N4—C15 | 1.450 (3) | C39—C42 | 1.534 (3) |
| O1—C33 | 1.202 (3) | C39—C41 | 1.530 (4) |
| O3—N5 | 1.287 (2) | C39—C40 | 1.526 (4) |
| N5—C36 | 1.478 (3) | C31—H31 | 0.9300 |
| N5—C39 | 1.494 (3) | C31—C30 | 1.377 (3) |
| C33—C32 | 1.499 (3) | C15—H15A | 0.9600 |
| C5—C4 | 1.403 (3) | C15—H15B | 0.9600 |
| C5—C6 | 1.389 (2) | C15—H15C | 0.9600 |
| C8—C1 | 1.481 (2) | C19—H19A | 0.9600 |
| C24—C25 | 1.388 (3) | C19—H19B | 0.9600 |
| C24—C23 | 1.401 (2) | C19—H19C | 0.9600 |
| C24—C27 | 1.494 (2) | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
| C21—C22 | 1.388 (2) | C10—C11 | 1.377 (4) |
| C21—C26 | 1.385 (3) | C35—H35A | 0.9700 |
| C21—C20 | 1.514 (2) | C35—H35B | 0.9700 |
| C4—C3 | 1.401 (3) | C29—H29 | 0.9300 |
| C3—C2 | 1.387 (3) | C29—C30 | 1.374 (4) |
| C3—C7 | 1.508 (3) | C7—H7A | 0.9600 |
| C16—C17 | 1.493 (3) | C7—H7B | 0.9600 |
| C32—C27 | 1.398 (2) | C7—H7C | 0.9600 |
| C32—C31 | 1.393 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.9300 |
| C22—H22 | 0.9300 | C13—C12 | 1.380 (4) |
| C22—C23 | 1.381 (2) | C42—H42A | 0.9700 |
| C26—H26 | 0.9300 | C42—H42B | 0.9700 |
| C26—C25 | 1.390 (3) | C30—H30 | 0.9300 |
| C25—H25 | 0.9300 | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
| C1—C2 | 1.413 (3) | C12—C11 | 1.391 (5) |
| C1—C6 | 1.386 (3) | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
| C20—H20A | 0.9700 | C38—H38A | 0.9600 |
| C20—H20B | 0.9700 | C38—H38B | 0.9600 |
| C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C38—H38C | 0.9600 |
| C9—C14 | 1.391 (3) | C41—H41A | 0.9600 |
| C9—C10 | 1.395 (3) | C41—H41B | 0.9600 |
| C23—H23 | 0.9300 | C41—H41C | 0.9600 |
| C6—H6 | 0.9300 | C37—H37A | 0.9600 |
| C14—C13 | 1.389 (3) | C37—H37B | 0.9600 |
| C27—C28 | 1.393 (3) | C37—H37C | 0.9600 |
| C17—H17A | 0.9700 | C40—H40A | 0.9600 |
| C17—H17B | 0.9700 | C40—H40B | 0.9600 |
| C17—C18 | 1.524 (3) | C40—H40C | 0.9600 |
| C33—O2—C34 | 116.94 (15) | O2—C34—C42 | 106.74 (16) |
| C8—N3—C14 | 104.61 (15) | C35—C34—H34 | 109.9 |
| C5—N1—C16 | 106.62 (16) | C35—C34—C42 | 109.22 (19) |
| C5—N1—C20 | 123.67 (15) | C42—C34—H34 | 109.9 |
| C16—N1—C20 | 129.52 (16) | N5—C36—C35 | 110.32 (18) |
| C16—N2—C4 | 105.36 (15) | N5—C36—C38 | 107.6 (2) |
| C8—N4—C9 | 105.97 (15) | N5—C36—C37 | 108.6 (2) |
| C8—N4—C15 | 128.04 (16) | C35—C36—C37 | 111.0 (2) |
| C9—N4—C15 | 125.92 (16) | C38—C36—C35 | 109.1 (2) |
| O3—N5—C36 | 115.85 (19) | C38—C36—C37 | 110.2 (3) |
| O3—N5—C39 | 115.63 (19) | N5—C39—C42 | 110.24 (17) |
| C36—N5—C39 | 125.24 (17) | N5—C39—C41 | 107.1 (2) |
| O2—C33—C32 | 112.39 (17) | N5—C39—C40 | 109.4 (2) |
| O1—C33—O2 | 124.1 (2) | C41—C39—C42 | 109.0 (2) |
| O1—C33—C32 | 123.5 (2) | C40—C39—C42 | 111.5 (2) |
| N1—C5—C4 | 105.32 (15) | C40—C39—C41 | 109.5 (3) |
| N1—C5—C6 | 131.47 (17) | C32—C31—H31 | 119.5 |
| C6—C5—C4 | 123.22 (17) | C30—C31—C32 | 121.0 (2) |
| N3—C8—N4 | 113.58 (16) | C30—C31—H31 | 119.5 |
| N3—C8—C1 | 123.86 (15) | N4—C15—H15A | 109.5 |
| N4—C8—C1 | 122.51 (16) | N4—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
| C25—C24—C23 | 117.72 (16) | N4—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C25—C24—C27 | 120.84 (15) | H15A—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
| C23—C24—C27 | 121.25 (15) | H15A—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C22—C21—C20 | 121.05 (15) | H15B—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C26—C21—C22 | 118.31 (16) | C18—C19—H19A | 109.5 |
| C26—C21—C20 | 120.56 (15) | C18—C19—H19B | 109.5 |
| N2—C4—C5 | 109.89 (17) | C18—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
| N2—C4—C3 | 129.81 (17) | H19A—C19—H19B | 109.5 |
| C3—C4—C5 | 120.29 (16) | H19A—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
| C4—C3—C7 | 120.83 (18) | H19B—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
| C2—C3—C4 | 116.89 (17) | C9—C10—H10 | 122.0 |
| C2—C3—C7 | 122.3 (2) | C11—C10—C9 | 116.0 (2) |
| N1—C16—C17 | 122.65 (18) | C11—C10—H10 | 122.0 |
| N2—C16—N1 | 112.81 (17) | C34—C35—C36 | 111.74 (18) |
| N2—C16—C17 | 124.46 (17) | C34—C35—H35A | 109.3 |
| C27—C32—C33 | 124.36 (17) | C34—C35—H35B | 109.3 |
| C31—C32—C33 | 115.83 (17) | C36—C35—H35A | 109.3 |
| C31—C32—C27 | 119.80 (19) | C36—C35—H35B | 109.3 |
| C21—C22—H22 | 119.4 | H35A—C35—H35B | 107.9 |
| C23—C22—C21 | 121.23 (15) | C28—C29—H29 | 120.4 |
| C23—C22—H22 | 119.4 | C30—C29—C28 | 119.3 (2) |
| C21—C26—H26 | 119.7 | C30—C29—H29 | 120.4 |
| C21—C26—C25 | 120.66 (16) | C3—C7—H7A | 109.5 |
| C25—C26—H26 | 119.7 | C3—C7—H7B | 109.5 |
| C24—C25—C26 | 121.28 (16) | C3—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
| C24—C25—H25 | 119.4 | H7A—C7—H7B | 109.5 |
| C26—C25—H25 | 119.4 | H7A—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
| C2—C1—C8 | 117.47 (17) | H7B—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
| C6—C1—C8 | 121.08 (16) | C14—C13—H13 | 121.2 |
| C6—C1—C2 | 121.43 (16) | C12—C13—C14 | 117.6 (3) |
| N1—C20—C21 | 112.71 (14) | C12—C13—H13 | 121.2 |
| N1—C20—H20A | 109.1 | C34—C42—C39 | 112.48 (18) |
| N1—C20—H20B | 109.1 | C34—C42—H42A | 109.1 |
| C21—C20—H20A | 109.1 | C34—C42—H42B | 109.1 |
| C21—C20—H20B | 109.1 | C39—C42—H42A | 109.1 |
| H20A—C20—H20B | 107.8 | C39—C42—H42B | 109.1 |
| C3—C2—C1 | 122.00 (18) | H42A—C42—H42B | 107.8 |
| C3—C2—H2 | 119.0 | C31—C30—H30 | 120.1 |
| C1—C2—H2 | 119.0 | C29—C30—C31 | 119.9 (2) |
| N4—C9—C14 | 105.46 (16) | C29—C30—H30 | 120.1 |
| N4—C9—C10 | 131.8 (2) | C13—C12—H12 | 119.3 |
| C14—C9—C10 | 122.7 (2) | C13—C12—C11 | 121.4 (2) |
| C24—C23—H23 | 119.6 | C11—C12—H12 | 119.3 |
| C22—C23—C24 | 120.76 (16) | C10—C11—C12 | 122.1 (2) |
| C22—C23—H23 | 119.6 | C10—C11—H11 | 119.0 |
| C5—C6—H6 | 121.9 | C12—C11—H11 | 119.0 |
| C1—C6—C5 | 116.17 (16) | C36—C38—H38A | 109.5 |
| C1—C6—H6 | 121.9 | C36—C38—H38B | 109.5 |
| N3—C14—C9 | 110.37 (17) | C36—C38—H38C | 109.5 |
| C13—C14—N3 | 129.4 (2) | H38A—C38—H38B | 109.5 |
| C13—C14—C9 | 120.1 (2) | H38A—C38—H38C | 109.5 |
| C32—C27—C24 | 124.34 (16) | H38B—C38—H38C | 109.5 |
| C28—C27—C24 | 117.82 (16) | C39—C41—H41A | 109.5 |
| C28—C27—C32 | 117.60 (17) | C39—C41—H41B | 109.5 |
| C16—C17—H17A | 108.9 | C39—C41—H41C | 109.5 |
| C16—C17—H17B | 108.9 | H41A—C41—H41B | 109.5 |
| C16—C17—C18 | 113.36 (17) | H41A—C41—H41C | 109.5 |
| H17A—C17—H17B | 107.7 | H41B—C41—H41C | 109.5 |
| C18—C17—H17A | 108.9 | C36—C37—H37A | 109.5 |
| C18—C17—H17B | 108.9 | C36—C37—H37B | 109.5 |
| C17—C18—H18A | 108.8 | C36—C37—H37C | 109.5 |
| C17—C18—H18B | 108.8 | H37A—C37—H37B | 109.5 |
| H18A—C18—H18B | 107.7 | H37A—C37—H37C | 109.5 |
| C19—C18—C17 | 113.7 (2) | H37B—C37—H37C | 109.5 |
| C19—C18—H18A | 108.8 | C39—C40—H40A | 109.5 |
| C19—C18—H18B | 108.8 | C39—C40—H40B | 109.5 |
| C27—C28—H28 | 118.9 | C39—C40—H40C | 109.5 |
| C29—C28—C27 | 122.24 (19) | H40A—C40—H40B | 109.5 |
| C29—C28—H28 | 118.9 | H40A—C40—H40C | 109.5 |
| O2—C34—H34 | 109.9 | H40B—C40—H40C | 109.5 |
| O2—C34—C35 | 111.22 (16) | ||
| O2—C33—C32—C27 | −45.4 (3) | C32—C31—C30—C29 | −0.6 (4) |
| O2—C33—C32—C31 | 135.0 (2) | C22—C21—C26—C25 | 1.0 (3) |
| O2—C34—C35—C36 | −179.36 (19) | C22—C21—C20—N1 | 61.5 (2) |
| O2—C34—C42—C39 | 177.69 (18) | C26—C21—C22—C23 | −2.3 (3) |
| N3—C8—C1—C2 | −53.7 (2) | C26—C21—C20—N1 | −121.76 (19) |
| N3—C8—C1—C6 | 124.8 (2) | C25—C24—C23—C22 | 0.2 (3) |
| N3—C14—C13—C12 | 177.2 (2) | C25—C24—C27—C32 | 149.3 (2) |
| N1—C5—C4—N2 | 0.4 (2) | C25—C24—C27—C28 | −36.5 (3) |
| N1—C5—C4—C3 | −178.86 (16) | C20—N1—C5—C4 | −176.03 (15) |
| N1—C5—C6—C1 | 179.56 (17) | C20—N1—C5—C6 | 4.4 (3) |
| N1—C16—C17—C18 | −75.7 (2) | C20—N1—C16—N2 | 175.62 (16) |
| N2—C4—C3—C2 | −179.71 (18) | C20—N1—C16—C17 | −7.6 (3) |
| N2—C4—C3—C7 | 1.8 (3) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | 174.53 (17) |
| N2—C16—C17—C18 | 100.7 (2) | C20—C21—C26—C25 | −175.88 (18) |
| N4—C8—C1—C2 | 123.50 (19) | C2—C1—C6—C5 | −1.0 (3) |
| N4—C8—C1—C6 | −58.1 (2) | C9—N4—C8—N3 | 1.1 (2) |
| N4—C9—C14—N3 | 0.5 (2) | C9—N4—C8—C1 | −176.29 (16) |
| N4—C9—C14—C13 | 178.3 (2) | C9—C14—C13—C12 | −0.1 (4) |
| N4—C9—C10—C11 | −177.2 (2) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.2 (4) |
| O1—C33—C32—C27 | 136.9 (2) | C23—C24—C25—C26 | −1.5 (3) |
| O1—C33—C32—C31 | −42.6 (3) | C23—C24—C27—C32 | −35.9 (3) |
| O3—N5—C36—C35 | −169.2 (2) | C23—C24—C27—C28 | 138.3 (2) |
| O3—N5—C36—C38 | −50.3 (3) | C6—C5—C4—N2 | −179.96 (16) |
| O3—N5—C36—C37 | 69.0 (3) | C6—C5—C4—C3 | 0.8 (3) |
| O3—N5—C39—C42 | 170.4 (2) | C6—C1—C2—C3 | 1.2 (3) |
| O3—N5—C39—C41 | 52.0 (3) | C14—N3—C8—N4 | −0.8 (2) |
| O3—N5—C39—C40 | −66.6 (3) | C14—N3—C8—C1 | 176.60 (17) |
| N5—C36—C35—C34 | −46.2 (3) | C14—C9—C10—C11 | −1.4 (3) |
| N5—C39—C42—C34 | 43.7 (3) | C14—C13—C12—C11 | −1.5 (4) |
| C33—O2—C34—C35 | 83.9 (2) | C27—C24—C25—C26 | 173.43 (19) |
| C33—O2—C34—C42 | −157.05 (17) | C27—C24—C23—C22 | −174.73 (17) |
| C33—C32—C27—C24 | −9.9 (3) | C27—C32—C31—C30 | 4.2 (4) |
| C33—C32—C27—C28 | 175.9 (2) | C27—C28—C29—C30 | 2.1 (4) |
| C33—C32—C31—C30 | −176.2 (2) | C28—C29—C30—C31 | −2.6 (4) |
| C5—N1—C16—N2 | 0.5 (2) | C34—O2—C33—O1 | −10.3 (3) |
| C5—N1—C16—C17 | 177.25 (16) | C34—O2—C33—C32 | 172.01 (15) |
| C5—N1—C20—C21 | 70.0 (2) | C36—N5—C39—C42 | −31.0 (3) |
| C5—C4—C3—C2 | −0.6 (3) | C36—N5—C39—C41 | −149.4 (2) |
| C5—C4—C3—C7 | −179.1 (2) | C36—N5—C39—C40 | 92.0 (3) |
| C8—N3—C14—C9 | 0.1 (2) | C39—N5—C36—C35 | 32.3 (3) |
| C8—N3—C14—C13 | −177.4 (2) | C39—N5—C36—C38 | 151.2 (2) |
| C8—N4—C9—C14 | −0.96 (19) | C39—N5—C36—C37 | −89.6 (3) |
| C8—N4—C9—C10 | 175.4 (2) | C31—C32—C27—C24 | 169.7 (2) |
| C8—C1—C2—C3 | 179.62 (16) | C31—C32—C27—C28 | −4.5 (3) |
| C8—C1—C6—C5 | −179.37 (15) | C15—N4—C8—N3 | 178.2 (2) |
| C24—C27—C28—C29 | −173.2 (2) | C15—N4—C8—C1 | 0.8 (3) |
| C21—C22—C23—C24 | 1.7 (3) | C15—N4—C9—C14 | −178.1 (2) |
| C21—C26—C25—C24 | 1.0 (3) | C15—N4—C9—C10 | −1.8 (4) |
| C4—N2—C16—N1 | −0.2 (2) | C10—C9—C14—N3 | −176.19 (19) |
| C4—N2—C16—C17 | −176.91 (17) | C10—C9—C14—C13 | 1.6 (3) |
| C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.1 (3) | C35—C34—C42—C39 | −62.0 (2) |
| C4—C3—C2—C1 | −0.4 (3) | C7—C3—C2—C1 | 178.1 (2) |
| C16—N1—C5—C4 | −0.53 (18) | C13—C12—C11—C10 | 1.7 (5) |
| C16—N1—C5—C6 | 179.91 (18) | C42—C34—C35—C36 | 63.1 (3) |
| C16—N1—C20—C21 | −104.4 (2) | C38—C36—C35—C34 | −164.2 (3) |
| C16—N2—C4—C5 | −0.2 (2) | C41—C39—C42—C34 | 161.0 (2) |
| C16—N2—C4—C3 | 179.05 (19) | C37—C36—C35—C34 | 74.2 (3) |
| C16—C17—C18—C19 | −179.7 (2) | C40—C39—C42—C34 | −78.1 (3) |
| C32—C27—C28—C29 | 1.4 (3) |
| The H atoms belonging to the dimethyl sub-units adjacent to the N—O moiety are marked in bold. Angles were included for O3···H—C. |
| Atom pair | Distance (Å) | Angle (°) |
| O3···H41A | 2.45 | 96.50 |
| O3···H38C | 2.53 | 92.80 |
| O3···H15B | 2.53 | 158.03 |
| O3···H40C | 2.63 | 99.00 |
| O3···H37A | 2.65 | 98.20 |
| O3···H29 | 2.76 | 155.42 |
| O3···H38A | 2.88 | 72.40 |
| O3···H10 | 2.92 | 161.74 |
| O3···H41C | 2.97 | 68.30 |
| O3···H37C | 3.29 | 60.40 |
| O3···H40A | 3.30 | 60.00 |
| O3···H15C | 3.65 | 70.06 |
| Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C8/N4/C9/C14 ring, Cg2 that of the C21–C26 ring, and Cg3 that of the C1–C6 ring. |
| C—H···Cg | Distance (Å) | Angle (°) |
| C13—H13···Cg1 | 2.90 | 164.40 |
| C2—H2···Cg2 | 2.98 | 158.84 |
| C41—H41B···Cg3 | 2.99 | 171.64 |
Footnotes
‡These authors contributed equally to this work
Acknowledgements
Special thanks are extended to the Prudence and Louis Ryan Endowed Chair of Research for support to MLB. The funders played no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or the writing of this article. The authors acknowledge support from the Medicines for All Institute and the Virginia Health Sciences research programs. We thank the VCU X-ray Crystallography Core Facility for instrument access and technical assistance. This work was supported in part by an NIH/NIAID grant.
Conflict of interest
MLB and YK are inventors on patents describing YK-4-250 (US20120196896A1; US17/728,485), licensed to Trocar Pharmaceuticals Inc. via Georgetown University.
Funding information
Funding for this research was provided by: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grant No. 1U01AI187033-01 to M. L. Brown).
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