metal-organic compounds
Propane-1,2-diaminium hydrogenarsenate
aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
*Correspondence e-mail: w.harrison@abdn.ac.uk
The title compound, (C3H12N2)[AsHO4], is a molecular salt containing a network of propane-1,2-diaminium cations and hydrogenarsenate anions [mean As—O 1.686 (2) Å]. The crystal packing involves cation-to-anion N—H⋯O and anion-to-anion O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, the latter resulting in dimeric associations of two adjacent hydrogenarsenate anions.
Comment
The title compound, (I) (Fig. 1), was prepared as part of our ongoing structural studies of hydrogen-bonding interactions in protonated-amine (di)hydrogenarsenates (Todd & Harrison, 2005).
The [HAsO4]2− hydrogenarsenate group in (I) shows its normal tetrahedral geometry [mean As—O 1.686 (2) Å], with the protonated As1—O4 vertex showing its usual lengthening relative to the unprotonated As—O bonds (Table 1). The propane-1,2-diaminium cation is disordered over two overlapped positions (Fig. 1). This positional disorder manifests itself as a terminal methyl group (atoms C3 or C4) being attached to either C1 or C2, with 50% occupancy in each case. The N atoms and atoms C1 and C2 of the two orientations of the cation are not resolved. Allowing for the disorder, this ion is chiral, but crystal symmetry generates a 50:50 mix of enantiomers, which is consistent with the racemic starting material. Atoms N1 and N2 are close to being trans with respect to the C1—C2 backbone of the molecule (Table 1).
As well as electrostatic attractions, the component species in (I) interact by means of a network of O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 2). The (HAsO4)2− units are linked into inversion-generated dimeric pairs by way of the O4—H1⋯O2i bond (see Table 2 for symmetry code), with a resulting As1⋯As1i separation of 4.3963 (4) Å. This situation is distinct from that observed in related materials, where chains (Lee & Harrison, 2003) and sheets (Wilkinson & Harrison, 2005) of (di)hydrogenarsenate ions linked by O—H⋯O bonds are seen.
In (I), the organic species interacts with the hydrogenarsenate dimers by way of six N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [mean H⋯O 1.85 Å, mean N—H⋯O 170° and mean N⋯O 2.744 (3) Å]. Atoms O1, O2 and O3 accept two N—H⋯O bonds each. This hydrogen-bonding scheme results in a three-dimensional network (Fig. 2).
Experimental
Aqueous propane-1,2-diamine solution (0.5 M, 10 ml) was added to aqueous H3AsO4 solution (0.5 M, 10 ml) to result in a clear mixture. Aqueous ammonia was added to this solution to raise the pH to about 12, which is beyond the second end-point for H3AsO4 (i.e. the predominant solution species is HAsO42−). Crystals of (I) grew as the water evaporated over the course of a few days.
Crystal data
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Refinement
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The organic cation is orientationally disordered, such that the two positions of atoms N1, N2, C1, and C2 overlap and cannot be resolved. The site-occupation factors of atoms C3 and C4 refined to 50% within experimental error and were both fixed at 0.50 for the final cycles of 3 groups. The constraint Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(carrier) or Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(methyl carrier) was applied.
The O-bound H atom was found in a difference map and refined as riding in its as-found relative position. The H atoms bonded to C and N were located in idealized positions, with N—H = 0.91 Å and C—H = 0.98–0.99 Å, and refined as riding, allowing for of the –NHData collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 1998); cell HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: HKL DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997), SCALEPACK and SORTAV (Blessing 1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536805028722/sg6029sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536805028722/sg6029Isup2.hkl
Aqueous propane 1,2-diamine solution (0.5 M, 10 ml) was added to aqueous H3AsO4 solution (0.5 M, 10 ml) to result in a clear mixture. Aqueous ammonia was added to this solution to raise the pH to about 12, which is beyond the second end-point for H3AsO4 (i.e. the predominant solution species is HAsO42−). Plate-like [Shard below?] crystals of (I) grew as the water evaporated over the course of a few days.
The organic cation is orientationally disordered, such that the two positions of atoms N1, N2, C1, and C2 overlap and cannot be resolved. The site-occupation factors of atoms C3 and C4 refined to 50% within experimental error and were both fixed at 0.50 for the final cycles of
The O-bound H atom was found in a difference map and refined as riding in its as-found relative position. The H atoms bonded to C and N were located in idealized positions, with N—H = 0.91 Å and C—H = 0.98–0.99 Å, and refined as riding, allowing for of the –NH3 groups. The constraint Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(carrier) or Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(methyl carrier) was applied.Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 1998); cell
HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: HKL DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997) and SCALEPACK and SORTAV (Blessing 1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.Fig. 1. A view of (I), showing 50% probability displacement ellipsoids, with H atoms drawn as spheres of arbitrary radius. C-bound H atoms have been omitted for clarity and the hydrogen bond is indicated by a dashed line. Bonds to the disordered atoms C3 and C4 (see text) are shown as open lines. | |
Fig. 2. The unit-cell packing for (I), with all C-bound H atoms omitted for clarity. Hydrogen bonds are indicated by dashed lines. |
C3H12N22+·AsHO42− | F(000) = 440 |
Mr = 216.07 | Dx = 1.817 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 1952 reflections |
a = 10.9568 (4) Å | θ = 2.9–27.5° |
b = 6.4297 (3) Å | µ = 4.27 mm−1 |
c = 11.5999 (5) Å | T = 120 K |
β = 104.816 (2)° | Shard, colourless |
V = 790.03 (6) Å3 | 0.08 × 0.06 × 0.03 mm |
Z = 4 |
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer | 1816 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1533 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.051 |
ω and ϕ scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.6° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 1999) | h = −14→14 |
Tmin = 0.726, Tmax = 0.883 | k = −8→8 |
10517 measured reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: difmap (O-H) and geom (others) |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.059 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0164P)2 + 0.583P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.11 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
1816 reflections | Δρmax = 0.51 e Å−3 |
103 parameters | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.0047 (7) |
C3H12N22+·AsHO42− | V = 790.03 (6) Å3 |
Mr = 216.07 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.9568 (4) Å | µ = 4.27 mm−1 |
b = 6.4297 (3) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 11.5999 (5) Å | 0.08 × 0.06 × 0.03 mm |
β = 104.816 (2)° |
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer | 1816 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 1999) | 1533 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.726, Tmax = 0.883 | Rint = 0.051 |
10517 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.059 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.11 | Δρmax = 0.51 e Å−3 |
1816 reflections | Δρmin = −0.41 e Å−3 |
103 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
As1 | 0.33664 (2) | 0.17853 (4) | 0.02271 (2) | 0.01169 (11) | |
O1 | 0.26787 (18) | 0.2809 (3) | 0.12195 (16) | 0.0177 (4) | |
O2 | 0.33133 (16) | −0.0828 (3) | 0.01944 (15) | 0.0151 (4) | |
O3 | 0.28115 (19) | 0.2764 (3) | −0.11362 (16) | 0.0219 (5) | |
O4 | 0.49363 (17) | 0.2485 (3) | 0.07736 (17) | 0.0216 (5) | |
H1 | 0.5479 | 0.1924 | 0.0355 | 0.026* | |
N1 | 0.3572 (2) | 0.6561 (3) | 0.2137 (2) | 0.0177 (5) | |
H2 | 0.3424 | 0.7540 | 0.1551 | 0.021* | |
H3 | 0.3197 | 0.6952 | 0.2718 | 0.021* | |
H4 | 0.3248 | 0.5319 | 0.1825 | 0.021* | |
N2 | 0.6919 (2) | 0.8345 (3) | 0.3314 (2) | 0.0175 (5) | |
H5 | 0.7120 | 0.8045 | 0.2618 | 0.021* | |
H6 | 0.7234 | 0.7338 | 0.3861 | 0.021* | |
H7 | 0.7258 | 0.9596 | 0.3593 | 0.021* | |
C1 | 0.4949 (3) | 0.6349 (4) | 0.2652 (3) | 0.0188 (6) | |
H8 | 0.5349 | 0.5819 | 0.2035 | 0.023* | |
H9 | 0.5110 | 0.5335 | 0.3315 | 0.023* | 0.50 |
C2 | 0.5524 (3) | 0.8435 (4) | 0.3103 (3) | 0.0211 (6) | |
H10 | 0.5176 | 0.9533 | 0.2512 | 0.025* | |
H11 | 0.5308 | 0.8785 | 0.3858 | 0.025* | 0.50 |
C3 | 0.4994 (6) | 0.4684 (10) | 0.3584 (6) | 0.0290 (15) | 0.50 |
H12 | 0.4607 | 0.3406 | 0.3195 | 0.043* | 0.50 |
H13 | 0.4530 | 0.5159 | 0.4153 | 0.043* | 0.50 |
H14 | 0.5875 | 0.4408 | 0.4007 | 0.043* | 0.50 |
C4 | 0.5312 (6) | 0.9222 (13) | 0.4236 (6) | 0.046 (2) | 0.50 |
H15 | 0.5721 | 1.0580 | 0.4422 | 0.069* | 0.50 |
H16 | 0.5672 | 0.8242 | 0.4880 | 0.069* | 0.50 |
H17 | 0.4404 | 0.9363 | 0.4156 | 0.069* | 0.50 |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
As1 | 0.01350 (16) | 0.00989 (16) | 0.01258 (16) | 0.00009 (11) | 0.00497 (11) | −0.00047 (11) |
O1 | 0.0206 (10) | 0.0162 (10) | 0.0206 (10) | −0.0026 (8) | 0.0131 (9) | −0.0039 (8) |
O2 | 0.0184 (10) | 0.0087 (10) | 0.0181 (10) | −0.0007 (8) | 0.0044 (8) | −0.0016 (8) |
O3 | 0.0314 (12) | 0.0209 (11) | 0.0141 (10) | 0.0082 (9) | 0.0072 (9) | 0.0053 (8) |
O4 | 0.0130 (10) | 0.0235 (11) | 0.0298 (11) | −0.0049 (9) | 0.0084 (9) | −0.0116 (9) |
N1 | 0.0263 (14) | 0.0128 (12) | 0.0179 (12) | −0.0042 (10) | 0.0127 (11) | −0.0034 (10) |
N2 | 0.0247 (13) | 0.0122 (12) | 0.0141 (12) | −0.0017 (10) | 0.0021 (10) | −0.0009 (9) |
C1 | 0.0220 (15) | 0.0154 (15) | 0.0197 (15) | 0.0007 (12) | 0.0065 (13) | 0.0010 (12) |
C2 | 0.0236 (16) | 0.0177 (15) | 0.0218 (15) | 0.0019 (13) | 0.0052 (13) | −0.0035 (12) |
C3 | 0.017 (3) | 0.025 (3) | 0.040 (4) | 0.001 (3) | −0.002 (3) | 0.019 (3) |
C4 | 0.029 (4) | 0.067 (6) | 0.051 (5) | −0.016 (4) | 0.027 (4) | −0.030 (4) |
As1—O1 | 1.6642 (17) | C1—C3 | 1.514 (6) |
As1—O3 | 1.6659 (18) | C1—C2 | 1.517 (4) |
As1—O2 | 1.6817 (18) | C1—H8 | 0.9900 |
As1—O4 | 1.7336 (18) | C1—H9 | 0.9900 |
O4—H1 | 0.9304 | C2—C4 | 1.481 (7) |
N1—C1 | 1.480 (4) | C2—H10 | 0.9900 |
N1—H2 | 0.9100 | C2—H11 | 0.9900 |
N1—H3 | 0.9100 | C3—H12 | 0.9800 |
N1—H4 | 0.9100 | C3—H13 | 0.9800 |
N2—C2 | 1.486 (4) | C3—H14 | 0.9800 |
N2—H5 | 0.9100 | C4—H15 | 0.9800 |
N2—H6 | 0.9100 | C4—H16 | 0.9800 |
N2—H7 | 0.9100 | C4—H17 | 0.9800 |
O1—As1—O3 | 112.79 (9) | C4—C2—N2 | 104.8 (3) |
O1—As1—O2 | 113.06 (8) | C4—C2—C1 | 117.5 (4) |
O3—As1—O2 | 110.74 (9) | N2—C2—C1 | 110.0 (2) |
O1—As1—O4 | 103.11 (9) | C4—C2—H10 | 104.5 |
O3—As1—O4 | 109.65 (10) | N2—C2—H10 | 109.9 |
O2—As1—O4 | 107.04 (9) | C1—C2—H10 | 109.9 |
As1—O4—H1 | 114.5 | N2—C2—H11 | 109.3 |
C1—N1—H2 | 109.5 | C1—C2—H11 | 109.5 |
C1—N1—H3 | 109.5 | H10—C2—H11 | 108.2 |
H2—N1—H3 | 109.5 | C1—C3—H12 | 109.5 |
C1—N1—H4 | 109.5 | H9—C3—H12 | 120.5 |
H2—N1—H4 | 109.5 | C1—C3—H13 | 109.5 |
H3—N1—H4 | 109.5 | H9—C3—H13 | 112.0 |
C2—N2—H5 | 109.5 | H12—C3—H13 | 109.5 |
C2—N2—H6 | 109.5 | C1—C3—H14 | 109.5 |
H5—N2—H6 | 109.5 | H9—C3—H14 | 94.6 |
C2—N2—H7 | 109.5 | H12—C3—H14 | 109.5 |
H5—N2—H7 | 109.5 | H13—C3—H14 | 109.5 |
H6—N2—H7 | 109.5 | C2—C4—H15 | 109.5 |
N1—C1—C3 | 101.4 (3) | H11—C4—H15 | 124.9 |
N1—C1—C2 | 110.4 (2) | C2—C4—H16 | 109.5 |
C3—C1—C2 | 116.4 (3) | H11—C4—H16 | 102.2 |
N1—C1—H8 | 109.5 | H15—C4—H16 | 109.5 |
C3—C1—H8 | 109.5 | C2—C4—H17 | 109.5 |
C2—C1—H8 | 109.4 | H11—C4—H17 | 100.4 |
N1—C1—H9 | 109.5 | H15—C4—H17 | 109.5 |
C2—C1—H9 | 109.8 | H16—C4—H17 | 109.5 |
H8—C1—H9 | 108.2 | ||
N1—C1—C2—C4 | 75.4 (5) | N1—C1—C2—N2 | −164.9 (2) |
C3—C1—C2—C4 | −39.4 (5) | C3—C1—C2—N2 | 80.3 (4) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O4—H1···O2i | 0.93 | 1.76 | 2.679 (2) | 170 |
N1—H2···O2ii | 0.91 | 1.87 | 2.765 (3) | 168 |
N1—H3···O1iii | 0.91 | 1.83 | 2.738 (3) | 175 |
N1—H4···O1 | 0.91 | 1.81 | 2.716 (3) | 177 |
N2—H5···O3iv | 0.91 | 1.82 | 2.713 (3) | 168 |
N2—H6···O2v | 0.91 | 1.95 | 2.829 (3) | 162 |
N2—H7···O3vi | 0.91 | 1.80 | 2.702 (3) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y, −z; (ii) x, y+1, z; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iv) −x+1, −y+1, −z; (v) x+1/2, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (vi) x+1/2, −y+3/2, z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C3H12N22+·AsHO42− |
Mr | 216.07 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 120 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.9568 (4), 6.4297 (3), 11.5999 (5) |
β (°) | 104.816 (2) |
V (Å3) | 790.03 (6) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 4.27 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.08 × 0.06 × 0.03 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius KappaCCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 1999) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.726, 0.883 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 10517, 1816, 1533 |
Rint | 0.051 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.029, 0.059, 1.11 |
No. of reflections | 1816 |
No. of parameters | 103 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.51, −0.41 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 1998), HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), HKL DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997) and SCALEPACK and SORTAV (Blessing 1995), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997), SHELXL97.
As1—O1 | 1.6642 (17) | As1—O2 | 1.6817 (18) |
As1—O3 | 1.6659 (18) | As1—O4 | 1.7336 (18) |
N1—C1—C2—N2 | −164.9 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O4—H1···O2i | 0.93 | 1.76 | 2.679 (2) | 170 |
N1—H2···O2ii | 0.91 | 1.87 | 2.765 (3) | 168 |
N1—H3···O1iii | 0.91 | 1.83 | 2.738 (3) | 175 |
N1—H4···O1 | 0.91 | 1.81 | 2.716 (3) | 177 |
N2—H5···O3iv | 0.91 | 1.82 | 2.713 (3) | 168 |
N2—H6···O2v | 0.91 | 1.95 | 2.829 (3) | 162 |
N2—H7···O3vi | 0.91 | 1.80 | 2.702 (3) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y, −z; (ii) x, y+1, z; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iv) −x+1, −y+1, −z; (v) x+1/2, −y+1/2, z+1/2; (vi) x+1/2, −y+3/2, z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
We thank the EPSRC National Crystallography Service (University of Southampton) for the data collection.
References
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The title compound, (I) (Fig. 1), was prepared as part of our ongoing structural studies of hydrogen-bonding interactions in protonated-amine (di)hydrogenarsenates (Todd & Harrison, 2005).
The (HAsO4)2− hydrogenarsenate group in (I) shows its normal tetrahedral geometry [mean As—O 1.686 (2) Å], with the protonated As1—O4 vertex showing its usual lengthening relative to the unprotonated As—O bonds (Table 1). The propane 1,2-diaminium cation is disordered over two overlapped positions (Fig. 1). This positional disorder manifests itself as a terminal methyl group (atoms C3 or C4) being attached to either C1 or C2, with 50% occupancy in each case. The N atoms and atoms C1 and C2 of the two orientations of the molecule are not resolved. Allowing for the disorder, this molecular ion is chiral, but crystal symmetry generates a 50:50 mix of enantiomers, which is consistent with the racemic starting material. Atoms N1 and N2 are close to being trans with respect to the C1—C2 backbone of the molecule (Table 1).
As well as electrostatic attractions, the component species in (I) interact by means of a network of O—H···O and N—H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 2). The (HAsO4)2− units are linked into inversion-symmetry generated dimeric pairs by way of the O4—H1···O2i bond (see Table 2 for symmetry code), with a resulting As1···As1i separation of 4.3963 (4) Å. This situation is distinct from that observed in related materials, where chains (Lee & Harrison, 2003) and sheets (Wilkinson & Harrison, 2005) of (di)hydrogenarsenate moieties linked by O—H···O bonds are seen.
In (I), the organic species interacts with the hydrogenarsenate dimers by way of six N—H···O hydrogen bonds [mean H···O 1.85 Å, mean N—H···O 170° and mean N···O 2.744 (3) Å]. Atoms O1, O2 and O3 accept two N—H···O bonds each. This hydrogen-bonding scheme results in a three-dimensional network (Fig. 2).