organic compounds
Norbornane-exo-cis-2,3-diyl 1′,2′-phenylene orthocarbonate
aLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, Department Chemie und Biochemie, Butenandtstrasse 5–13, 81377 München, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: kluef@cup.uni-muenchen.de
The title compound (systematic name: 4,7-methano-2,2′-spirobi[1,3-benzodioxole]), C14H14O4, is an asymmetric spiro ester of orthocarbonic acid and two diols, viz. the aromatic benzene-1,2-diol and the aliphatic vicinal norbornane-exo-cis-2,3-diol. The orthocarbonate molecule is close to having non-crystallographic Cs symmetry. The five-membered ring stemming from the aliphatic diol has an C—O bonds including the spiro-C atom span an approximately 0.07 Å range, but are within 0.02 Å of the respective distances in a density functional theory calculation, i.e. the distance difference is not caused by packing forces. Accordingly, the crystal packing is characterized by weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions.
Related literature
For the synthesis of the title compound, see: Komatsu et al. (1992). For related compounds, see: Betz & Klüfers (2007a,b,c); Betz et al. (2007). Density functional theory calculations were performed by Betz & Klüfers (2008).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection
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Refinement
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Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2004); cell SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997); data reduction: DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997) and SCALEPACK; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: PLATON (Spek, 2003; 2006 version).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536807063660/lx2027sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536807063660/lx2027Isup2.hkl
The title compound was prepared based on a published procedure (Komatsu et al., 1992) upon reaction of norbornane-exo-cis-2,3-diol with 2,2-dichlorobenzo[1.3]dioxol in dichloromethane in the presence of pyridine. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained after recrystallization from boiling ethyl acetate.
All H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model, with C—H distances of 0.95, 0.99 and 1.00 Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C) for all H atoms.
Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius, 2004); cell
SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997); data reduction: DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997) and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: PLATON (Spek, 2003; 2006 version).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, showing displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. The crystal packing viewed along [0 1 0]. Green arrows: the strongest C—H···O interaction in terms of the H···O distance (C14—H14···O2). Green dotted lines: the strongest C—H···π interaction (C5—H5—Cg, Cg is the centroid of the phenylene residue). |
C14H14O4 | F(000) = 520 |
Mr = 246.25 | Dx = 1.445 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 14429 reflections |
a = 7.9125 (3) Å | θ = 2.7–27.5° |
b = 9.5545 (5) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
c = 15.2813 (6) Å | T = 200 K |
β = 101.490 (3)° | Block, colourless |
V = 1132.11 (9) Å3 | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.16 mm |
Z = 4 |
Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer | 1716 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: rotating anode | Rint = 0.054 |
MONTEL, graded multilayered X-ray optics monochromator | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.2° |
CCD; rotation images; thick slices scans | h = −9→10 |
8399 measured reflections | k = −12→11 |
2582 independent reflections | l = −19→19 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | Only H-atom displacement parameters refined |
S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0569P)2 + 0.1349P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2582 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
164 parameters | Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
C14H14O4 | V = 1132.11 (9) Å3 |
Mr = 246.25 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 7.9125 (3) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
b = 9.5545 (5) Å | T = 200 K |
c = 15.2813 (6) Å | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.16 mm |
β = 101.490 (3)° |
Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer | 1716 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
8399 measured reflections | Rint = 0.054 |
2582 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.044 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | Only H-atom displacement parameters refined |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3 |
2582 reflections | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
164 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.39573 (14) | 0.24072 (14) | 0.47478 (7) | 0.0460 (3) | |
O2 | 0.51722 (14) | 0.20489 (14) | 0.35623 (7) | 0.0463 (3) | |
O3 | 0.27667 (13) | 0.34038 (12) | 0.34119 (7) | 0.0408 (3) | |
O4 | 0.25466 (14) | 0.10405 (11) | 0.35921 (8) | 0.0441 (3) | |
C1 | 0.3646 (2) | 0.22289 (18) | 0.38424 (11) | 0.0384 (4) | |
C2 | 0.67414 (19) | 0.32183 (17) | 0.56079 (10) | 0.0333 (4) | |
H2 | 0.6161 | 0.3766 | 0.6022 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C3 | 0.56971 (19) | 0.20081 (17) | 0.51341 (10) | 0.0342 (4) | |
H3 | 0.5742 | 0.1165 | 0.5526 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C4 | 0.65286 (19) | 0.17354 (18) | 0.43193 (10) | 0.0368 (4) | |
H4 | 0.6964 | 0.0755 | 0.4305 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C5 | 0.7973 (2) | 0.28116 (18) | 0.44257 (11) | 0.0378 (4) | |
H5 | 0.8407 | 0.3025 | 0.3869 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C6 | 0.9350 (2) | 0.2320 (2) | 0.52188 (12) | 0.0458 (5) | |
H6A | 1.0433 | 0.2857 | 0.5259 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
H6B | 0.9600 | 0.1310 | 0.5171 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C7 | 0.8509 (2) | 0.26146 (19) | 0.60315 (11) | 0.0439 (4) | |
H7A | 0.8387 | 0.1743 | 0.6364 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
H7B | 0.9196 | 0.3298 | 0.6443 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C8 | 0.7165 (2) | 0.40464 (17) | 0.48246 (10) | 0.0384 (4) | |
H8A | 0.6123 | 0.4412 | 0.4420 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
H8B | 0.7995 | 0.4814 | 0.5018 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C9 | 0.12113 (18) | 0.29423 (16) | 0.29208 (9) | 0.0307 (4) | |
C10 | 0.10837 (18) | 0.15188 (16) | 0.30274 (9) | 0.0307 (4) | |
C11 | −0.03269 (19) | 0.07732 (17) | 0.26098 (10) | 0.0365 (4) | |
H11 | −0.0406 | −0.0211 | 0.2681 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C12 | −0.16353 (19) | 0.15365 (18) | 0.20764 (10) | 0.0367 (4) | |
H12 | −0.2643 | 0.1064 | 0.1778 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C13 | −0.1506 (2) | 0.29664 (18) | 0.19700 (10) | 0.0375 (4) | |
H13 | −0.2426 | 0.3454 | 0.1600 | 0.0490 (13)* | |
C14 | −0.0054 (2) | 0.37112 (17) | 0.23937 (10) | 0.0350 (4) | |
H14 | 0.0049 | 0.4693 | 0.2320 | 0.0490 (13)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0254 (6) | 0.0743 (9) | 0.0367 (7) | 0.0025 (5) | 0.0027 (5) | −0.0082 (6) |
O2 | 0.0296 (6) | 0.0719 (9) | 0.0354 (6) | 0.0024 (6) | 0.0016 (5) | −0.0142 (6) |
O3 | 0.0331 (6) | 0.0367 (7) | 0.0486 (7) | −0.0050 (5) | −0.0018 (5) | −0.0036 (5) |
O4 | 0.0333 (6) | 0.0351 (7) | 0.0556 (7) | 0.0031 (5) | −0.0107 (5) | 0.0028 (5) |
C1 | 0.0293 (9) | 0.0449 (10) | 0.0388 (9) | 0.0000 (7) | 0.0014 (7) | −0.0057 (7) |
C2 | 0.0337 (8) | 0.0357 (9) | 0.0301 (8) | 0.0013 (7) | 0.0053 (6) | −0.0024 (6) |
C3 | 0.0283 (8) | 0.0362 (9) | 0.0369 (8) | −0.0013 (6) | 0.0034 (6) | 0.0023 (7) |
C4 | 0.0305 (8) | 0.0389 (9) | 0.0389 (9) | 0.0032 (7) | 0.0016 (6) | −0.0092 (7) |
C5 | 0.0297 (8) | 0.0489 (10) | 0.0358 (9) | −0.0022 (7) | 0.0089 (6) | −0.0042 (7) |
C6 | 0.0283 (9) | 0.0509 (11) | 0.0552 (11) | 0.0031 (7) | 0.0015 (7) | −0.0084 (8) |
C7 | 0.0365 (9) | 0.0506 (11) | 0.0401 (10) | −0.0041 (8) | −0.0031 (7) | 0.0004 (8) |
C8 | 0.0419 (9) | 0.0320 (9) | 0.0419 (9) | −0.0018 (7) | 0.0096 (7) | 0.0023 (7) |
C9 | 0.0267 (8) | 0.0362 (9) | 0.0293 (8) | −0.0017 (6) | 0.0059 (6) | −0.0036 (6) |
C10 | 0.0261 (8) | 0.0336 (9) | 0.0315 (8) | 0.0037 (6) | 0.0033 (6) | 0.0010 (6) |
C11 | 0.0320 (8) | 0.0335 (9) | 0.0432 (9) | −0.0027 (7) | 0.0057 (6) | −0.0007 (7) |
C12 | 0.0261 (8) | 0.0478 (11) | 0.0351 (8) | −0.0012 (7) | 0.0030 (6) | −0.0050 (7) |
C13 | 0.0318 (8) | 0.0468 (11) | 0.0326 (8) | 0.0083 (7) | 0.0035 (6) | 0.0031 (7) |
C14 | 0.0388 (9) | 0.0328 (9) | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0043 (7) | 0.0102 (7) | 0.0046 (7) |
O1—C1 | 1.367 (2) | C5—H5 | 1.0000 |
O1—C3 | 1.438 (2) | C6—C7 | 1.547 (3) |
O2—C1 | 1.370 (2) | C6—H6A | 0.9900 |
O2—C4 | 1.444 (2) | C6—H6B | 0.9900 |
O3—C9 | 1.380 (2) | C7—H7A | 0.9900 |
O3—C1 | 1.412 (2) | C7—H7B | 0.9900 |
O4—C10 | 1.377 (2) | C8—H8A | 0.9900 |
O4—C1 | 1.435 (2) | C8—H8B | 0.9900 |
C2—C3 | 1.518 (2) | C9—C14 | 1.367 (2) |
C2—C8 | 1.527 (2) | C9—C10 | 1.376 (2) |
C2—C7 | 1.532 (2) | C10—C11 | 1.370 (2) |
C2—H2 | 1.0000 | C11—C12 | 1.390 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.542 (2) | C11—H11 | 0.9500 |
C3—H3 | 1.0000 | C12—C13 | 1.382 (2) |
C4—C5 | 1.522 (2) | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C4—H4 | 1.0000 | C13—C14 | 1.396 (2) |
C5—C8 | 1.526 (2) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C5—C6 | 1.533 (2) | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
C1—O1—C3 | 110.32 (12) | C5—C6—H6A | 111.1 |
C1—O2—C4 | 109.66 (12) | C7—C6—H6A | 111.1 |
C9—O3—C1 | 107.62 (12) | C5—C6—H6B | 111.1 |
C10—O4—C1 | 107.09 (12) | C7—C6—H6B | 111.1 |
O1—C1—O2 | 109.88 (12) | H6A—C6—H6B | 109.1 |
O1—C1—O3 | 110.18 (13) | C2—C7—C6 | 103.41 (13) |
O2—C1—O3 | 109.73 (14) | C2—C7—H7A | 111.1 |
O1—C1—O4 | 110.22 (14) | C6—C7—H7A | 111.1 |
O2—C1—O4 | 110.04 (13) | C2—C7—H7B | 111.1 |
O3—C1—O4 | 106.75 (11) | C6—C7—H7B | 111.1 |
C3—C2—C8 | 101.79 (12) | H7A—C7—H7B | 109.0 |
C3—C2—C7 | 106.20 (13) | C5—C8—C2 | 95.02 (13) |
C8—C2—C7 | 101.65 (13) | C5—C8—H8A | 112.7 |
C3—C2—H2 | 115.2 | C2—C8—H8A | 112.7 |
C8—C2—H2 | 115.2 | C5—C8—H8B | 112.7 |
C7—C2—H2 | 115.2 | C2—C8—H8B | 112.7 |
O1—C3—C2 | 112.31 (13) | H8A—C8—H8B | 110.2 |
O1—C3—C4 | 103.94 (12) | C14—C9—C10 | 122.58 (14) |
C2—C3—C4 | 103.56 (12) | C14—C9—O3 | 128.15 (15) |
O1—C3—H3 | 112.1 | C10—C9—O3 | 109.27 (13) |
C2—C3—H3 | 112.1 | C11—C10—C9 | 122.08 (14) |
C4—C3—H3 | 112.1 | C11—C10—O4 | 128.66 (14) |
O2—C4—C5 | 111.59 (13) | C9—C10—O4 | 109.27 (12) |
O2—C4—C3 | 104.08 (12) | C10—C11—C12 | 116.29 (15) |
C5—C4—C3 | 103.40 (12) | C10—C11—H11 | 121.9 |
O2—C4—H4 | 112.4 | C12—C11—H11 | 121.9 |
C5—C4—H4 | 112.4 | C13—C12—C11 | 121.58 (14) |
C3—C4—H4 | 112.4 | C13—C12—H12 | 119.2 |
C4—C5—C8 | 101.52 (13) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.2 |
C4—C5—C6 | 106.13 (14) | C12—C13—C14 | 121.51 (14) |
C8—C5—C6 | 102.10 (13) | C12—C13—H13 | 119.2 |
C4—C5—H5 | 115.1 | C14—C13—H13 | 119.2 |
C8—C5—H5 | 115.1 | C9—C14—C13 | 115.96 (15) |
C6—C5—H5 | 115.1 | C9—C14—H14 | 122.0 |
C5—C6—C7 | 103.11 (13) | C13—C14—H14 | 122.0 |
C3—O1—C1—O2 | −14.26 (19) | O2—C4—C5—C6 | −177.46 (13) |
C3—O1—C1—O3 | −135.27 (13) | C3—C4—C5—C6 | 71.25 (15) |
C3—O1—C1—O4 | 107.18 (14) | C4—C5—C6—C7 | −72.05 (16) |
C4—O2—C1—O1 | 15.22 (19) | C8—C5—C6—C7 | 33.89 (17) |
C4—O2—C1—O3 | 136.51 (13) | C3—C2—C7—C6 | 70.90 (16) |
C4—O2—C1—O4 | −106.32 (14) | C8—C2—C7—C6 | −35.19 (16) |
C9—O3—C1—O1 | −119.98 (13) | C5—C6—C7—C2 | 0.83 (17) |
C9—O3—C1—O2 | 118.91 (13) | C4—C5—C8—C2 | 54.90 (14) |
C9—O3—C1—O4 | −0.31 (16) | C6—C5—C8—C2 | −54.59 (14) |
C10—O4—C1—O1 | 120.17 (13) | C3—C2—C8—C5 | −54.54 (14) |
C10—O4—C1—O2 | −118.49 (14) | C7—C2—C8—C5 | 54.98 (14) |
C10—O4—C1—O3 | 0.52 (17) | C1—O3—C9—C14 | −179.57 (15) |
C1—O1—C3—C2 | 118.72 (15) | C1—O3—C9—C10 | −0.02 (16) |
C1—O1—C3—C4 | 7.43 (17) | C14—C9—C10—C11 | 0.0 (2) |
C8—C2—C3—O1 | −77.54 (15) | O3—C9—C10—C11 | −179.53 (14) |
C7—C2—C3—O1 | 176.46 (13) | C14—C9—C10—O4 | 179.94 (14) |
C8—C2—C3—C4 | 33.98 (15) | O3—C9—C10—O4 | 0.36 (17) |
C7—C2—C3—C4 | −72.02 (14) | C1—O4—C10—C11 | 179.34 (16) |
C1—O2—C4—C5 | −120.76 (14) | C1—O4—C10—C9 | −0.54 (17) |
C1—O2—C4—C3 | −9.90 (17) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.6 (2) |
O1—C3—C4—O2 | 1.48 (16) | O4—C10—C11—C12 | 179.57 (14) |
C2—C3—C4—O2 | −116.04 (13) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.5 (2) |
O1—C3—C4—C5 | 118.21 (13) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 0.0 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.68 (15) | C10—C9—C14—C13 | 0.5 (2) |
O2—C4—C5—C8 | 76.19 (15) | O3—C9—C14—C13 | 179.99 (14) |
C3—C4—C5—C8 | −35.11 (15) | C12—C13—C14—C9 | −0.5 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C3—H3···O4i | 1.00 | 2.71 | 3.623 (2) | 151 |
C7—H7A···O4i | 0.99 | 2.76 | 3.663 (2) | 151 |
C14—H14···O2ii | 0.95 | 2.61 | 3.501 (2) | 156 |
C14—H14···O4ii | 0.95 | 2.88 | 3.514 (2) | 125 |
C2—H2···Cgiii | 1.00 | 2.86 | 3.563 (2) | 128 |
C5—H5···Cgiv | 1.00 | 2.66 | 3.568 (2) | 152 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (ii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) x−1/2, −y−1/2, z−1/2; (iv) x+1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C14H14O4 |
Mr | 246.25 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 200 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.9125 (3), 9.5545 (5), 15.2813 (6) |
β (°) | 101.490 (3) |
V (Å3) | 1132.11 (9) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.11 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.16 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | – |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 8399, 2582, 1716 |
Rint | 0.054 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.044, 0.119, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 2582 |
No. of parameters | 164 |
H-atom treatment | Only H-atom displacement parameters refined |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.21, −0.19 |
Computer programs: COLLECT (Nonius, 2004), SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997), DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor 1997) and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor 1997), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997), PLATON (Spek, 2003; 2006 version).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C3—H3···O4i | 1.00 | 2.71 | 3.623 (2) | 151 |
C7—H7A···O4i | 0.99 | 2.76 | 3.663 (2) | 151 |
C14—H14···O2ii | 0.95 | 2.61 | 3.501 (2) | 156 |
C14—H14···O4ii | 0.95 | 2.88 | 3.514 (2) | 125 |
C2—H2···Cgiii | 1.00 | 2.86 | 3.563 (2) | 128 |
C5—H5···Cgiv | 1.00 | 2.66 | 3.568 (2) | 152 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (ii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) x−1/2, −y−1/2, z−1/2; (iv) x+1, y, z. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Moritz Reichvilser for professional support.
References
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The title compound was prepared in order to compare its NMR-spectroscopic data with those of related silicon compounds.
In the molecule, a central carbon atom is chelated by a phenylene-1,2-dioxy and a norbornylene-exo-cis-2,3-dioxy moiety. The C—O bond lengths differ markedly (1.37 to 1.44 Å). About the same bond-length values were computed for the isolated molecule on the B3LYP/6–31+G(d,p) level of theory thus ruling out packing forces as the origin of the bond-length differences. The five-membered chelate ring stemming from the aliphatic diol adopts an envelope conformation on the spiro center C1 (puckering parameters: Q2 = 0.1274 (16) Å, ϕ2 = 42.6 (7)° for the O1—C1—O2—C4—C3 ring).
Accordingly, the crystal packing is characterized by weak C—H···X interactions whose H···X distances are close to the sum of the van-der-Waals radii (vdWr). In terms of the vdWr criterion, the shortest tabulated hydrogen-bond, the C14—H14···O2 interaction, is 0.11 \&A shorter than the radii sum. The weak interactions in (I) are thus less significant than those in the related 1-(ylomethyl)cyclopentyl 1',2'-phenylene orthocarbonate, where C—H···O bonds are observed at the radii sum minus 0.35 Å (Betz & Klüfers, 2007c). Fig. 2 shows this interaction as well as the shortest C—H···π bond which has one of the norbornane-bridgehead C—H functions as the donor. The other bridgehead methylidyne function acts as a donor in a still weaker bond. Moreover, another weak C—H···O bond may be recognized with a diol-CH function as the donor (see the hydrogen bond table).