organic compounds
2,3-Diaminophenazine tetrahydrate
aInstitute of Marine Materials and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: lxf_shmtu@yahoo.com.cn
The title compound, C12H10N4·4H2O, was obtained from a room-temperature solution of o-phenylenediamine and copper acetate. In the there are significant π–π stacking interactions, with a centroid–centroid separation of 3.575 (2) Å. In addition, intermolecular O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O, N—H⋯N and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link 2,3-diaminophenazine molecules and water molecules, forming a three-dimensional framework.
Related literature
For related literature, see: Brownstein & Enright (1995); Doyle et al. (2001); Chłopek et al. (2005).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536808009598/lh2601sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808009598/lh2601Isup2.hkl
A mixture of o-Phenylenediamine(0.5 mmol, 0.054 g), Cu(CH3COO)2 (0.5 mmol,0.099 g), NaOH (1 mmol, 0.04 g), and water (10 ml) was placed in a 20 ml vial, stirring in air for 1 h. It was then sealed for 1 week and the resulting black block-shaped single crystals were collected. Yield: 67%. C&H analysis for C12H18N4O4 (found/calc): C, 51.03(51.06), H, 6.39(6.43).
In the absence of significant
effects the Friedel pairs were merged. The H atoms were placed in calculated positions in the riding-model approximation (C—H 0.93 Å, N—H 0.90 Å), with their temperature factors were set to 1.2 times those of the equivalent isotropic temperature factors of the parent atoms. The water H atoms were located in difference Fourier maps and refined isotropically with distance restrains of O—H = 0.85 (2) and H···H = 1.39 (1) Å.Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The asymmetric unit of (I). | |
Fig. 2. Part of the crystal structure viewed along the c-axis. Dashed lines are drawn between the donor and acceptor atoms of the hydrogen bonds but H atoms are not showm. |
C12H10N4·4H2O | F(000) = 600 |
Mr = 282.30 | Dx = 1.291 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, Pca21 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2c -2ac | Cell parameters from 3569 reflections |
a = 16.7593 (18) Å | θ = 2.7–24.3° |
b = 18.1200 (19) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
c = 4.7834 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
V = 1452.6 (3) Å3 | Block, black |
Z = 4 | 0.37 × 0.32 × 0.23 mm |
Bruker SMART APEX area-detector diffractometer | 1608 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1432 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.022 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 1.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −20→18 |
Tmin = 0.965, Tmax = 0.977 | k = −19→22 |
7735 measured reflections | l = −5→5 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.140 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.14 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0963P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
1608 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
225 parameters | Δρmax = 0.29 e Å−3 |
17 restraints | Δρmin = −0.12 e Å−3 |
C12H10N4·4H2O | V = 1452.6 (3) Å3 |
Mr = 282.30 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, Pca21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 16.7593 (18) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
b = 18.1200 (19) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 4.7834 (5) Å | 0.37 × 0.32 × 0.23 mm |
Bruker SMART APEX area-detector diffractometer | 1608 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 1432 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.965, Tmax = 0.977 | Rint = 0.022 |
7735 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | 17 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.140 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.14 | Δρmax = 0.29 e Å−3 |
1608 reflections | Δρmin = −0.12 e Å−3 |
225 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
N1 | 0.51508 (13) | 0.31719 (12) | 0.3965 (5) | 0.0417 (6) | |
N2 | 0.51933 (12) | 0.16406 (12) | 0.2821 (6) | 0.0410 (5) | |
C10 | 0.46946 (14) | 0.20894 (15) | 0.1460 (6) | 0.0393 (6) | |
C11 | 0.41763 (15) | 0.18021 (16) | −0.0623 (7) | 0.0443 (7) | |
H11A | 0.4184 | 0.1299 | −0.1008 | 0.053* | |
C1 | 0.56542 (15) | 0.27142 (16) | 0.5338 (6) | 0.0418 (7) | |
C12 | 0.36660 (15) | 0.22488 (17) | −0.2076 (6) | 0.0445 (7) | |
C8 | 0.41408 (16) | 0.33188 (16) | 0.0507 (7) | 0.0456 (7) | |
H8A | 0.4123 | 0.3823 | 0.0873 | 0.055* | |
C9 | 0.46739 (15) | 0.28738 (15) | 0.2042 (6) | 0.0394 (6) | |
N4 | 0.31334 (15) | 0.19700 (17) | −0.3960 (7) | 0.0603 (8) | |
H4B | 0.3134 (18) | 0.1476 (6) | −0.403 (10) | 0.072* | |
H4C | 0.2916 (19) | 0.2287 (16) | −0.520 (7) | 0.072* | |
N3 | 0.30987 (17) | 0.34664 (19) | −0.2858 (6) | 0.0630 (8) | |
H3B | 0.315 (2) | 0.3961 (7) | −0.263 (12) | 0.076* | |
H3C | 0.2912 (19) | 0.333 (2) | −0.454 (4) | 0.076* | |
C5 | 0.62032 (15) | 0.14891 (17) | 0.6301 (7) | 0.0498 (7) | |
H5A | 0.6222 | 0.0985 | 0.5942 | 0.060* | |
C6 | 0.56701 (14) | 0.19474 (15) | 0.4760 (6) | 0.0401 (6) | |
C2 | 0.61674 (16) | 0.30014 (19) | 0.7428 (7) | 0.0512 (8) | |
H2A | 0.6163 | 0.3504 | 0.7828 | 0.061* | |
C7 | 0.36499 (15) | 0.30342 (16) | −0.1501 (6) | 0.0446 (7) | |
C4 | 0.66820 (16) | 0.1785 (2) | 0.8286 (7) | 0.0561 (8) | |
H4A | 0.7025 | 0.1480 | 0.9289 | 0.067* | |
C3 | 0.66680 (18) | 0.25428 (18) | 0.8851 (7) | 0.0576 (9) | |
H3A | 0.7004 | 0.2736 | 1.0213 | 0.069* | |
O4W | 0.54392 (14) | 0.01642 (12) | 0.1437 (6) | 0.0592 (6) | |
O3W | 0.53446 (19) | 0.47020 (15) | 0.4439 (8) | 0.0798 (8) | |
O2W | 0.29410 (18) | 0.02670 (19) | 0.5763 (7) | 0.0818 (8) | |
O1W | 0.7032 (3) | 0.4897 (3) | 0.3542 (10) | 0.1042 (11) | |
H4WB | 0.541 (2) | 0.0631 (11) | 0.182 (8) | 0.088 (14)* | |
H3WB | 0.535 (3) | 0.4238 (14) | 0.396 (16) | 0.16 (3)* | |
H4WA | 0.516 (2) | 0.0085 (18) | −0.004 (7) | 0.070 (12)* | |
H3WA | 0.4832 (14) | 0.481 (2) | 0.455 (16) | 0.14 (2)* | |
H2WA | 0.3416 (11) | 0.014 (2) | 0.601 (11) | 0.102 (16)* | |
H1WA | 0.723 (3) | 0.469 (4) | 0.495 (12) | 0.22 (4)* | |
H2WB | 0.266 (2) | 0.016 (2) | 0.724 (8) | 0.093 (16)* | |
H1WB | 0.6547 (14) | 0.478 (2) | 0.330 (13) | 0.11 (2)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
N1 | 0.0396 (11) | 0.0510 (12) | 0.0344 (13) | −0.0021 (9) | 0.0026 (10) | −0.0015 (11) |
N2 | 0.0359 (11) | 0.0526 (12) | 0.0346 (12) | 0.0009 (9) | 0.0026 (11) | −0.0002 (11) |
C10 | 0.0319 (12) | 0.0550 (14) | 0.0311 (14) | −0.0024 (10) | 0.0056 (12) | 0.0001 (12) |
C11 | 0.0373 (13) | 0.0571 (15) | 0.0386 (15) | −0.0018 (12) | −0.0006 (13) | −0.0059 (13) |
C1 | 0.0337 (13) | 0.0606 (16) | 0.0309 (15) | −0.0032 (11) | 0.0033 (11) | 0.0012 (12) |
C12 | 0.0302 (13) | 0.0741 (18) | 0.0293 (14) | −0.0081 (12) | 0.0057 (11) | −0.0011 (14) |
C8 | 0.0444 (14) | 0.0551 (14) | 0.0375 (16) | 0.0061 (12) | 0.0035 (13) | 0.0010 (13) |
C9 | 0.0361 (12) | 0.0509 (14) | 0.0313 (16) | 0.0018 (11) | 0.0035 (11) | −0.0008 (12) |
N4 | 0.0465 (14) | 0.092 (2) | 0.0428 (16) | −0.0086 (13) | −0.0108 (13) | −0.0011 (17) |
N3 | 0.0539 (15) | 0.089 (2) | 0.0463 (17) | 0.0191 (14) | −0.0071 (14) | 0.0025 (15) |
C5 | 0.0394 (13) | 0.0697 (17) | 0.0401 (17) | 0.0079 (12) | 0.0028 (13) | 0.0071 (16) |
C6 | 0.0303 (12) | 0.0586 (15) | 0.0315 (15) | −0.0004 (10) | 0.0021 (12) | 0.0022 (13) |
C2 | 0.0423 (15) | 0.0733 (18) | 0.0379 (17) | −0.0112 (13) | 0.0007 (13) | −0.0048 (16) |
C7 | 0.0357 (13) | 0.0699 (18) | 0.0282 (15) | 0.0063 (12) | 0.0034 (12) | 0.0024 (13) |
C4 | 0.0358 (14) | 0.090 (2) | 0.0421 (18) | 0.0057 (15) | −0.0020 (13) | 0.0131 (17) |
C3 | 0.0379 (15) | 0.098 (3) | 0.0366 (16) | −0.0096 (15) | −0.0058 (14) | 0.0019 (17) |
O4W | 0.0671 (14) | 0.0536 (12) | 0.0569 (15) | 0.0009 (10) | −0.0081 (13) | 0.0014 (12) |
O3W | 0.103 (2) | 0.0588 (14) | 0.078 (2) | −0.0099 (13) | −0.003 (2) | −0.0042 (14) |
O2W | 0.0642 (17) | 0.118 (2) | 0.0636 (18) | 0.0089 (16) | −0.0007 (16) | 0.0027 (17) |
O1W | 0.097 (2) | 0.123 (3) | 0.092 (3) | −0.006 (2) | 0.007 (2) | 0.011 (2) |
N1—C9 | 1.333 (3) | N3—H3B | 0.906 (10) |
N1—C1 | 1.353 (3) | N3—H3C | 0.895 (11) |
N2—C10 | 1.335 (3) | C5—C4 | 1.353 (5) |
N2—C6 | 1.345 (4) | C5—C6 | 1.425 (4) |
C10—C11 | 1.421 (4) | C5—H5A | 0.9300 |
C10—C9 | 1.449 (4) | C2—C3 | 1.363 (4) |
C11—C12 | 1.367 (4) | C2—H2A | 0.9300 |
C11—H11A | 0.9300 | C4—C3 | 1.400 (4) |
C1—C6 | 1.417 (4) | C4—H4A | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.417 (4) | C3—H3A | 0.9300 |
C12—N4 | 1.366 (4) | O4W—H4WB | 0.867 (17) |
C12—C7 | 1.450 (4) | O4W—H4WA | 0.855 (19) |
C8—C7 | 1.366 (4) | O3W—H3WB | 0.872 (19) |
C8—C9 | 1.410 (4) | O3W—H3WA | 0.883 (19) |
C8—H8A | 0.9300 | O2W—H2WA | 0.837 (19) |
N4—H4B | 0.895 (10) | O2W—H2WB | 0.87 (4) |
N4—H4C | 0.90 (3) | O1W—H1WA | 0.84 (6) |
N3—C7 | 1.374 (4) | O1W—H1WB | 0.849 (18) |
C9—N1—C1 | 117.4 (2) | C7—N3—H3C | 120 (3) |
C10—N2—C6 | 117.2 (2) | H3B—N3—H3C | 114 (4) |
N2—C10—C11 | 120.1 (2) | C4—C5—C6 | 120.3 (3) |
N2—C10—C9 | 121.2 (2) | C4—C5—H5A | 119.9 |
C11—C10—C9 | 118.7 (2) | C6—C5—H5A | 119.9 |
C12—C11—C10 | 121.5 (3) | N2—C6—C1 | 121.9 (2) |
C12—C11—H11A | 119.3 | N2—C6—C5 | 119.2 (3) |
C10—C11—H11A | 119.3 | C1—C6—C5 | 118.8 (2) |
N1—C1—C6 | 121.2 (2) | C3—C2—C1 | 120.1 (3) |
N1—C1—C2 | 119.7 (3) | C3—C2—H2A | 119.9 |
C6—C1—C2 | 119.1 (3) | C1—C2—H2A | 119.9 |
N4—C12—C11 | 121.7 (3) | C8—C7—N3 | 121.5 (3) |
N4—C12—C7 | 118.4 (3) | C8—C7—C12 | 119.5 (3) |
C11—C12—C7 | 119.8 (3) | N3—C7—C12 | 118.9 (3) |
C7—C8—C9 | 122.2 (3) | C5—C4—C3 | 120.9 (3) |
C7—C8—H8A | 118.9 | C5—C4—H4A | 119.6 |
C9—C8—H8A | 118.9 | C3—C4—H4A | 119.6 |
N1—C9—C8 | 120.5 (3) | C2—C3—C4 | 120.8 (3) |
N1—C9—C10 | 121.1 (2) | C2—C3—H3A | 119.6 |
C8—C9—C10 | 118.4 (2) | C4—C3—H3A | 119.6 |
C12—N4—H4B | 113 (3) | H4WB—O4W—H4WA | 108 (2) |
C12—N4—H4C | 118 (2) | H3WB—O3W—H3WA | 105 (2) |
H4B—N4—H4C | 128 (4) | H2WA—O2W—H2WB | 109 (2) |
C7—N3—H3B | 117 (3) | H1WA—O1W—H1WB | 112 (3) |
C6—N2—C10—C11 | 179.8 (2) | N1—C1—C6—N2 | 0.5 (4) |
C6—N2—C10—C9 | 0.4 (4) | C2—C1—C6—N2 | 179.4 (3) |
N2—C10—C11—C12 | −179.2 (2) | N1—C1—C6—C5 | −179.0 (3) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.2 (4) | C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.0 (4) |
C9—N1—C1—C6 | −0.3 (4) | C4—C5—C6—N2 | −179.2 (3) |
C9—N1—C1—C2 | −179.2 (2) | C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.2 (4) |
C10—C11—C12—N4 | −176.0 (3) | N1—C1—C2—C3 | 179.0 (3) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | 0.2 (4) | C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.0 (4) |
C1—N1—C9—C8 | −179.3 (2) | C9—C8—C7—N3 | 175.9 (3) |
C1—N1—C9—C10 | 0.2 (4) | C9—C8—C7—C12 | 0.6 (4) |
C7—C8—C9—N1 | 179.2 (2) | N4—C12—C7—C8 | 175.8 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −0.2 (4) | C11—C12—C7—C8 | −0.6 (4) |
N2—C10—C9—N1 | −0.3 (3) | N4—C12—C7—N3 | 0.4 (4) |
C11—C10—C9—N1 | −179.6 (3) | C11—C12—C7—N3 | −176.0 (3) |
N2—C10—C9—C8 | 179.2 (3) | C6—C5—C4—C3 | −0.5 (4) |
C11—C10—C9—C8 | −0.2 (3) | C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.3 (5) |
C10—N2—C6—C1 | −0.5 (4) | C5—C4—C3—C2 | 0.5 (5) |
C10—N2—C6—C5 | 179.0 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H4B···O2Wi | 0.90 (1) | 2.22 (1) | 3.105 (5) | 171 (3) |
N4—H4C···N4ii | 0.90 (3) | 2.58 (3) | 3.198 (3) | 126 (3) |
N3—H3B···O1Wiii | 0.91 (1) | 2.17 (2) | 3.048 (6) | 165 (4) |
N3—H3C···N3ii | 0.90 (1) | 2.33 (2) | 3.122 (4) | 147 (3) |
O4W—H4WA···O4Wiv | 0.86 (2) | 2.02 (2) | 2.871 (3) | 176 (4) |
O4W—H4WB···N2 | 0.87 (2) | 1.92 (2) | 2.787 (3) | 173 (4) |
O3W—H3WB···N1 | 0.87 (2) | 1.96 (3) | 2.801 (3) | 161 (6) |
O2W—H2WA···O4Wv | 0.84 (2) | 2.01 (2) | 2.843 (4) | 178 (5) |
O1W—H1WA···O1Wvi | 0.84 (6) | 2.15 (6) | 2.860 (7) | 142 (6) |
O2W—H2WB···O2Wvii | 0.87 (4) | 1.97 (4) | 2.812 (5) | 161 (3) |
O1W—H1WB···O3W | 0.85 (3) | 2.09 (3) | 2.882 (6) | 155 (5) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y, z−1; (ii) −x+1/2, y, z−1/2; (iii) −x+1, −y+1, z−1/2; (iv) −x+1, −y, z−1/2; (v) −x+1, −y, z+1/2; (vi) −x+3/2, y, z+1/2; (vii) −x+1/2, y, z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C12H10N4·4H2O |
Mr | 282.30 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pca21 |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 16.7593 (18), 18.1200 (19), 4.7834 (5) |
V (Å3) | 1452.6 (3) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.10 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.37 × 0.32 × 0.23 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.965, 0.977 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7735, 1608, 1432 |
Rint | 0.022 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.617 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.048, 0.140, 1.14 |
No. of reflections | 1608 |
No. of parameters | 225 |
No. of restraints | 17 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.29, −0.12 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Bruker, 2001), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H4B···O2Wi | 0.895 (10) | 2.218 (12) | 3.105 (5) | 171 (3) |
N4—H4C···N4ii | 0.90 (3) | 2.58 (3) | 3.198 (3) | 126 (3) |
N3—H3B···O1Wiii | 0.906 (10) | 2.165 (16) | 3.048 (6) | 165 (4) |
N3—H3C···N3ii | 0.895 (11) | 2.33 (2) | 3.122 (4) | 147 (3) |
O4W—H4WA···O4Wiv | 0.855 (19) | 2.017 (19) | 2.871 (3) | 176 (4) |
O4W—H4WB···N2 | 0.867 (17) | 1.924 (19) | 2.787 (3) | 173 (4) |
O3W—H3WB···N1 | 0.872 (19) | 1.96 (3) | 2.801 (3) | 161 (6) |
O2W—H2WA···O4Wv | 0.84 (2) | 2.01 (2) | 2.843 (4) | 178 (5) |
O1W—H1WA···O1Wvi | 0.84 (6) | 2.15 (6) | 2.860 (7) | 142 (6) |
O2W—H2WB···O2Wvii | 0.87 (4) | 1.97 (4) | 2.812 (5) | 161 (3) |
O1W—H1WB···O3W | 0.85 (3) | 2.09 (3) | 2.882 (6) | 155 (5) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y, z−1; (ii) −x+1/2, y, z−1/2; (iii) −x+1, −y+1, z−1/2; (iv) −x+1, −y, z−1/2; (v) −x+1, −y, z+1/2; (vi) −x+3/2, y, z+1/2; (vii) −x+1/2, y, z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in Universities for supporting this work (RC-05-11).
References
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The crystal structures of phenazinediamine (Doyle, et al., 2001) and examples of its derivatives (Brownstein, et al., 1995; Krzysztof, et al., 2005) have been published. As part of our studies of these types of compounds we report here the crystal structure of the title compound (I) which was synthesized at room temperature using o-Phenylenediamine and copper acetate.
In compound (I), the asymmetric unit contains a 2,3-Diamino-phenazine molecule and four water molecules (Fig. 1). In the crystal structure, 2,3-Diamino-phenazine molecules related by unit cell translations along the c axis form moderately strong π···π stacking interactions (Cg1···.Cg2(x, y, -1 + z) and Cg1···Cg3(x, y, 1 + z) = 3.575 (2) Å, where Cg1, Cg2 and Cg3 are the centroids defined by ring atoms N1/N2/C1/C6/C9/C10, C1—C6 and C7—C12, respectively). In addition, water molecules and 2,3-Diamino-phenazine molecules are linked by O—H···N, O—H···O, N—H···N and H—H···O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network (Table 1 & Fig.2).