organic compounds
Ethyl 3-nitro-4-(propylamino)benzoate
aSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia, bSchool of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia, and cX-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: hkfun@usm.my
In the title compound, C12H16N2O4, intramolecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(6) and S(5) ring motifs, respectively. The nitro group is almost coplanar with the benzene ring, forming a dihedral angle of 6.2 (2)°. In the neighbouring molecules are linked together by intermolecular N—H⋯O and O⋯O interactions. Of interest are the short intermolecular O⋯O interactions which cause a stacking arrangement of the molecules along the a axis.
Related literature
For related literature on hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987). For related literature, see: Ishida et al. (2006); Vinodkumar et al. (2008). Rida et al. (2005); Harikrishnan et al. (2008); Moore et al. (2005).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell APEX2; data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2003).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536808021314/at2590sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808021314/at2590Isup2.hkl
The title compound (I) was synthesized by adding N,N-diisopropyl ethylamine (DIPEA) (0.20 ml, 1.12 mmol) dropwise to a stirred solution of ethyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate (200 mg, 0.93 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (10 ml). Propylamine (0.10 ml, 1.03 mmol) was added slowly with stirring, and then the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature under N2. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was washed with 10% Na2CO3 (10 ml). The aqueous layer was washed again with dichloromethane (3 x 15 ml). The organic fractions were pooled and dried over MgSO4 and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporator. Recrystallization with hot hexane afforded the desired compound (I) as yellow needle-like crystals.
The H-atom bound to N1 was located from the difference Fourier map and refined freely. The rest of the hydrogen atoms were positioned geometrically [C—H = 0.93–0.97 Å] and refined using a riding model with Uiso = 1.2 or 1.5Ueq(C). A rotating-group model was used for the methyl groups.
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell
APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2003).C12H16N2O4 | Z = 2 |
Mr = 252.27 | F(000) = 268 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.370 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 4.4914 (4) Å | Cell parameters from 6896 reflections |
b = 12.0828 (9) Å | θ = 3.2–33.0° |
c = 12.8763 (9) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
α = 62.494 (4)° | T = 100 K |
β = 81.055 (4)° | Needle, yellow |
γ = 83.494 (4)° | 0.51 × 0.26 × 0.26 mm |
V = 611.57 (8) Å3 |
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2372 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1946 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.041 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 1.8° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | h = −5→5 |
Tmin = 0.949, Tmax = 0.974 | k = −14→14 |
12286 measured reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.076 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.252 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.17 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1098P)2 + 1.609P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2372 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
169 parameters | Δρmax = 0.47 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.33 e Å−3 |
C12H16N2O4 | γ = 83.494 (4)° |
Mr = 252.27 | V = 611.57 (8) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 2 |
a = 4.4914 (4) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 12.0828 (9) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
c = 12.8763 (9) Å | T = 100 K |
α = 62.494 (4)° | 0.51 × 0.26 × 0.26 mm |
β = 81.055 (4)° |
Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2372 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 1946 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.949, Tmax = 0.974 | Rint = 0.041 |
12286 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.076 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.252 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.17 | Δρmax = 0.47 e Å−3 |
2372 reflections | Δρmin = −0.33 e Å−3 |
169 parameters |
Experimental. The low-temperature data was collected with the Oxford Cyrosystem Cobra low-temperature attachment. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.2464 (7) | 0.4136 (3) | 0.5558 (2) | 0.0326 (7) | |
O2 | 0.5971 (6) | 0.2725 (2) | 0.6301 (2) | 0.0316 (7) | |
O3 | 0.8766 (6) | 0.1455 (2) | 1.0099 (2) | 0.0239 (6) | |
O4 | 0.7178 (6) | 0.2578 (2) | 1.1092 (2) | 0.0272 (6) | |
N1 | 0.0274 (7) | 0.5600 (3) | 0.6530 (3) | 0.0217 (7) | |
N2 | 0.4117 (7) | 0.3535 (3) | 0.6346 (3) | 0.0228 (7) | |
C1 | 0.3823 (8) | 0.3799 (3) | 0.7345 (3) | 0.0195 (7) | |
C2 | 0.5528 (8) | 0.3013 (3) | 0.8258 (3) | 0.0200 (7) | |
H2A | 0.6775 | 0.2374 | 0.8192 | 0.024* | |
C3 | 0.5379 (8) | 0.3177 (3) | 0.9255 (3) | 0.0200 (7) | |
C4 | 0.3490 (8) | 0.4159 (3) | 0.9327 (3) | 0.0210 (7) | |
H4A | 0.3358 | 0.4274 | 0.9999 | 0.025* | |
C5 | 0.1849 (8) | 0.4945 (3) | 0.8436 (3) | 0.0215 (7) | |
H5A | 0.0650 | 0.5589 | 0.8512 | 0.026* | |
C6 | 0.1917 (8) | 0.4809 (3) | 0.7389 (3) | 0.0203 (7) | |
C7 | −0.1636 (8) | 0.6655 (3) | 0.6552 (3) | 0.0223 (7) | |
H7A | −0.2755 | 0.6388 | 0.7330 | 0.027* | |
H7B | −0.3086 | 0.6895 | 0.5991 | 0.027* | |
C8 | 0.0108 (8) | 0.7792 (3) | 0.6262 (3) | 0.0238 (8) | |
H8A | 0.1518 | 0.7572 | 0.6834 | 0.029* | |
H8B | 0.1251 | 0.8065 | 0.5488 | 0.029* | |
C9 | −0.2061 (9) | 0.8850 (3) | 0.6280 (3) | 0.0281 (8) | |
H9A | −0.0932 | 0.9532 | 0.6169 | 0.042* | |
H9B | −0.3304 | 0.8557 | 0.7025 | 0.042* | |
H9C | −0.3313 | 0.9126 | 0.5657 | 0.042* | |
C10 | 0.7166 (8) | 0.2397 (3) | 1.0240 (3) | 0.0212 (7) | |
C11 | 1.0559 (8) | 0.0633 (3) | 1.1042 (3) | 0.0253 (8) | |
H11A | 1.1345 | 0.1115 | 1.1358 | 0.030* | |
H11B | 1.2257 | 0.0261 | 1.0728 | 0.030* | |
C12 | 0.8678 (9) | −0.0386 (3) | 1.2015 (3) | 0.0292 (8) | |
H12A | 0.9926 | −0.0943 | 1.2607 | 0.044* | |
H12B | 0.7837 | −0.0843 | 1.1696 | 0.044* | |
H12C | 0.7077 | −0.0020 | 1.2361 | 0.044* | |
H1N1 | 0.031 (11) | 0.547 (4) | 0.593 (5) | 0.038 (13)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0432 (16) | 0.0348 (15) | 0.0271 (14) | 0.0142 (12) | −0.0198 (12) | −0.0189 (12) |
O2 | 0.0420 (16) | 0.0317 (14) | 0.0240 (14) | 0.0155 (12) | −0.0099 (11) | −0.0171 (11) |
O3 | 0.0281 (13) | 0.0254 (13) | 0.0187 (12) | 0.0036 (10) | −0.0072 (10) | −0.0099 (10) |
O4 | 0.0372 (15) | 0.0284 (13) | 0.0185 (12) | 0.0009 (11) | −0.0075 (10) | −0.0120 (11) |
N1 | 0.0265 (16) | 0.0218 (14) | 0.0198 (15) | 0.0033 (12) | −0.0064 (12) | −0.0117 (12) |
N2 | 0.0290 (16) | 0.0206 (14) | 0.0189 (14) | 0.0030 (12) | −0.0069 (12) | −0.0087 (12) |
C1 | 0.0248 (17) | 0.0185 (16) | 0.0145 (16) | −0.0023 (13) | −0.0022 (13) | −0.0065 (13) |
C2 | 0.0232 (17) | 0.0182 (15) | 0.0186 (16) | −0.0010 (13) | −0.0024 (13) | −0.0084 (13) |
C3 | 0.0211 (17) | 0.0211 (16) | 0.0170 (16) | −0.0035 (13) | −0.0014 (13) | −0.0077 (13) |
C4 | 0.0275 (18) | 0.0212 (16) | 0.0143 (15) | −0.0045 (13) | −0.0003 (13) | −0.0080 (13) |
C5 | 0.0228 (17) | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0201 (17) | −0.0017 (13) | −0.0005 (13) | −0.0100 (14) |
C6 | 0.0200 (16) | 0.0200 (16) | 0.0199 (17) | −0.0032 (13) | −0.0015 (13) | −0.0080 (13) |
C7 | 0.0235 (17) | 0.0215 (17) | 0.0219 (17) | 0.0052 (13) | −0.0060 (13) | −0.0101 (14) |
C8 | 0.0248 (18) | 0.0235 (17) | 0.0215 (17) | 0.0016 (14) | −0.0030 (13) | −0.0094 (14) |
C9 | 0.033 (2) | 0.0240 (18) | 0.0261 (19) | 0.0008 (15) | −0.0019 (15) | −0.0112 (15) |
C10 | 0.0228 (17) | 0.0204 (16) | 0.0188 (16) | −0.0036 (13) | −0.0012 (13) | −0.0074 (13) |
C11 | 0.0249 (18) | 0.0290 (18) | 0.0208 (17) | 0.0048 (14) | −0.0080 (14) | −0.0101 (15) |
C12 | 0.034 (2) | 0.0262 (18) | 0.0247 (19) | 0.0051 (15) | −0.0066 (15) | −0.0101 (15) |
O1—N2 | 1.241 (4) | C5—C6 | 1.426 (5) |
O2—N2 | 1.228 (4) | C5—H5A | 0.9300 |
O3—C10 | 1.345 (4) | C7—C8 | 1.524 (5) |
O3—C11 | 1.455 (4) | C7—H7A | 0.9700 |
O4—C10 | 1.214 (4) | C7—H7B | 0.9700 |
N1—C6 | 1.342 (4) | C8—C9 | 1.523 (5) |
N1—C7 | 1.462 (4) | C8—H8A | 0.9700 |
N1—H1N1 | 0.86 (5) | C8—H8B | 0.9700 |
N2—C1 | 1.445 (4) | C9—H9A | 0.9600 |
C1—C2 | 1.398 (5) | C9—H9B | 0.9600 |
C1—C6 | 1.428 (5) | C9—H9C | 0.9600 |
C2—C3 | 1.378 (5) | C11—C12 | 1.511 (5) |
C2—H2A | 0.9300 | C11—H11A | 0.9700 |
C3—C4 | 1.409 (5) | C11—H11B | 0.9700 |
C3—C10 | 1.477 (5) | C12—H12A | 0.9600 |
C4—C5 | 1.364 (5) | C12—H12B | 0.9600 |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | C12—H12C | 0.9600 |
O1···O1i | 2.914 (5) | O1···O1ii | 2.984 (5) |
C10—O3—C11 | 116.1 (3) | C8—C7—H7B | 108.8 |
C6—N1—C7 | 125.0 (3) | H7A—C7—H7B | 107.7 |
C6—N1—H1N1 | 118 (3) | C9—C8—C7 | 110.2 (3) |
C7—N1—H1N1 | 117 (3) | C9—C8—H8A | 109.6 |
O2—N2—O1 | 121.8 (3) | C7—C8—H8A | 109.6 |
O2—N2—C1 | 119.5 (3) | C9—C8—H8B | 109.6 |
O1—N2—C1 | 118.6 (3) | C7—C8—H8B | 109.6 |
C2—C1—C6 | 122.1 (3) | H8A—C8—H8B | 108.1 |
C2—C1—N2 | 116.1 (3) | C8—C9—H9A | 109.5 |
C6—C1—N2 | 121.8 (3) | C8—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.6 (3) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C3—C2—H2A | 119.7 | C8—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C1—C2—H2A | 119.7 | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C2—C3—C4 | 118.4 (3) | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C2—C3—C10 | 123.3 (3) | O4—C10—O3 | 123.5 (3) |
C4—C3—C10 | 118.2 (3) | O4—C10—C3 | 123.7 (3) |
C5—C4—C3 | 121.6 (3) | O3—C10—C3 | 112.8 (3) |
C5—C4—H4A | 119.2 | O3—C11—C12 | 110.8 (3) |
C3—C4—H4A | 119.2 | O3—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C4—C5—C6 | 122.0 (3) | C12—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H5A | 119.0 | O3—C11—H11B | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5A | 119.0 | C12—C11—H11B | 109.5 |
N1—C6—C5 | 120.4 (3) | H11A—C11—H11B | 108.1 |
N1—C6—C1 | 124.4 (3) | C11—C12—H12A | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C1 | 115.2 (3) | C11—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
N1—C7—C8 | 113.8 (3) | H12A—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
N1—C7—H7A | 108.8 | C11—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C8—C7—H7A | 108.8 | H12A—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
N1—C7—H7B | 108.8 | H12B—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
O2—N2—C1—C2 | −5.7 (5) | C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.1 (5) |
O1—N2—C1—C2 | 174.0 (3) | C2—C1—C6—N1 | 178.9 (3) |
O2—N2—C1—C6 | 173.9 (3) | N2—C1—C6—N1 | −0.5 (5) |
O1—N2—C1—C6 | −6.5 (5) | C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.9 (5) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 1.2 (5) | N2—C1—C6—C5 | 179.6 (3) |
N2—C1—C2—C3 | −179.2 (3) | C6—N1—C7—C8 | 78.2 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.5 (5) | N1—C7—C8—C9 | 178.8 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C10 | −178.7 (3) | C11—O3—C10—O4 | 0.3 (5) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.5 (5) | C11—O3—C10—C3 | −179.2 (3) |
C10—C3—C4—C5 | 177.8 (3) | C2—C3—C10—O4 | 175.7 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.9 (5) | C4—C3—C10—O4 | −2.5 (5) |
C7—N1—C6—C5 | 1.2 (5) | C2—C3—C10—O3 | −4.8 (5) |
C7—N1—C6—C1 | −178.6 (3) | C4—C3—C10—O3 | 177.0 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—N1 | 180.0 (3) | C10—O3—C11—C12 | 85.5 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1N1···O1 | 0.85 (5) | 2.00 (6) | 2.633 (5) | 131 (5) |
N1—H1N1···O1i | 0.85 (5) | 2.28 (5) | 2.998 (4) | 141 (5) |
C2—H2A···O2 | 0.93 | 2.35 | 2.674 (4) | 100 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C12H16N2O4 |
Mr | 252.27 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 4.4914 (4), 12.0828 (9), 12.8763 (9) |
α, β, γ (°) | 62.494 (4), 81.055 (4), 83.494 (4) |
V (Å3) | 611.57 (8) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.10 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.51 × 0.26 × 0.26 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.949, 0.974 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 12286, 2372, 1946 |
Rint | 0.041 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.617 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.076, 0.252, 1.17 |
No. of reflections | 2372 |
No. of parameters | 169 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.47, −0.33 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2003).
O1···O1i | 2.914 (5) | O1···O1ii | 2.984 (5) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1N1···O1 | 0.85 (5) | 2.00 (6) | 2.633 (5) | 131 (5) |
N1—H1N1···O1i | 0.85 (5) | 2.28 (5) | 2.998 (4) | 141 (5) |
C2—H2A···O2 | 0.93 | 2.35 | 2.674 (4) | 100 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y+1, −z+1. |
Footnotes
‡Additional correspondence author: e-mail: aisyah@usm.my.
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the Malaysian Government and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) under the USM Research University Funding (1001/PFARMASI/815026). HKF and RK thank the Malaysian Government and Universiti sains Malaysia for the Science Fund grant No. 305/PFIZIK/613312. RK thanks Universiti Sains Malaysia for a postdoctoral research fellowship.
References
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The benzoic acid cores are precursors to many medicinally important heterocycles, e.g. benzimidazoles (Ishida et al., 2006; Vinodkumar et al., 2008) and benzoxazoles (Rida et al., 2005; Harikrishnan et al., 2008). Using Moore's procedure (Moore et al., 2005) with some modifications, we attempted the derivatization of nitro benzoic acid precursors, which led to the synthesis of the title compound (I) bearing a propylamine motif. Its crystal structure has been determined and is presented here.
In the title compound (I), (Fig. 1), intramolecular N—H···O and C—H···O hydrogen bonds generate S(6) and S(5) ring motifs, respectively (Bernstein et al., 1995). The bond lengths and angles are within normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987).The nitro group is almost coplanar with the benzene ring with torsion angle of -6.4 (5)°. In the crystal structure (Fig. 2), neighbouring molecules are linked together by intermolecular N—H···O and O···O interactions. The interesting feature of the crystal structure is the short intermolecular O···O [symmetry codes: -x, 1 - y, 1 - z; 1 - x, 1 - y, 1 - z] interactions (Table 2) with distances of 2.914 (5) and 2.984 (5) Å which are shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of oxygen atoms. These interactions along with the intermolecular N—H···O interactions stack the molecules along the a axis.