metal-organic compounds
Bis[benzyl N′-(1H-indol-3-ylmethylene)hydrazinecarbodithioato-κ2N′,S]nickel(II) N,N-dimethylformamide disolvate
aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: seikweng@um.edu.my
In the title compound, [Ni(C17H14N3S2)2]·2C3H7NO, the Ni atom (site symmetry ) is N,S-chelated by two deprotonated Schiff base anions in a distorted square-planar geometry. The dihedral angle between the aromatic ring planes within the ligand is 86.37 (13)°. In the an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond links the complex to the dimethylformamide solvent molecule.
Related literature
For other square-planar nickel dithiocarbazates, see: Ali et al. (2000); Tian et al. (1996a,b); Xue et al. (2003); Zhang et al. (2004); Zhu et al. (2000).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001); software used to prepare material for publication: pubCIF (Westrip, 2008).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536808038580/hb2849sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808038580/hb2849Isup2.hkl
Benzyl (1H-indol-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinecarbodithioate ethanol hemisolvate (2 mmol, 0.65 g) was dissolved in ethanol (30 ml) along with several drops of triethylamine. To the resulting clear solution was added an ethanol solution (10 ml) containing 1 mmol (0.25 g) of nickel acetate tetrahydrate. The mixture was heated for an hour. The product that separated was recrystallized from DMF to yield brown blocks of (I).
Hydrogen atoms were placed at calculated positions (C–H = 0.95–0.99Å, N–H = 0.88Å) and refined as riding with U(H) = 1.2–1.5 times Ueq(C,N).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001); software used to prepare material for publication: pubCIF (Westrip, 2008).[Ni(C17H14N3S2)2]·2C3H7NO | F(000) = 892 |
Mr = 853.77 | Dx = 1.432 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 1450 reflections |
a = 10.3808 (3) Å | θ = 2.2–22.7° |
b = 20.0219 (7) Å | µ = 0.75 mm−1 |
c = 10.7831 (3) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 117.921 (2)° | Block, brown |
V = 1980.3 (1) Å3 | 0.12 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm |
Z = 2 |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3481 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2615 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.062 |
ω scans | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −12→12 |
Tmin = 0.916, Tmax = 0.957 | k = −23→23 |
13342 measured reflections | l = −12→12 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.040 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0396P)2 + 0.2888P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3481 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
252 parameters | Δρmax = 0.50 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.29 e Å−3 |
[Ni(C17H14N3S2)2]·2C3H7NO | V = 1980.3 (1) Å3 |
Mr = 853.77 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.3808 (3) Å | µ = 0.75 mm−1 |
b = 20.0219 (7) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 10.7831 (3) Å | 0.12 × 0.12 × 0.06 mm |
β = 117.921 (2)° |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3481 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 2615 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.916, Tmax = 0.957 | Rint = 0.062 |
13342 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.040 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.094 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 0.50 e Å−3 |
3481 reflections | Δρmin = −0.29 e Å−3 |
252 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Ni1 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.01710 (15) | |
S1 | 0.48640 (8) | 0.60841 (4) | 0.48343 (8) | 0.0236 (2) | |
S2 | 0.38426 (8) | 0.70431 (4) | 0.62163 (8) | 0.0234 (2) | |
O1 | 0.1755 (3) | 0.56685 (12) | 1.1091 (2) | 0.0472 (7) | |
N1 | 0.2818 (3) | 0.49406 (11) | 0.9618 (2) | 0.0220 (6) | |
H1 | 0.2520 | 0.5191 | 1.0105 | 0.026* | |
N2 | 0.4331 (2) | 0.51020 (11) | 0.6371 (2) | 0.0182 (5) | |
N3 | 0.3953 (2) | 0.57357 (11) | 0.6685 (2) | 0.0192 (5) | |
N4 | 0.0849 (3) | 0.57529 (12) | 1.2634 (2) | 0.0252 (6) | |
C1 | 0.2942 (3) | 0.42563 (14) | 0.9707 (3) | 0.0192 (6) | |
C2 | 0.2658 (3) | 0.38131 (15) | 1.0548 (3) | 0.0232 (7) | |
H2 | 0.2351 | 0.3967 | 1.1200 | 0.028* | |
C3 | 0.2842 (3) | 0.31463 (15) | 1.0393 (3) | 0.0260 (7) | |
H3 | 0.2647 | 0.2832 | 1.0945 | 0.031* | |
C4 | 0.3308 (3) | 0.29162 (15) | 0.9445 (3) | 0.0250 (7) | |
H4 | 0.3412 | 0.2450 | 0.9354 | 0.030* | |
C5 | 0.3621 (3) | 0.33626 (15) | 0.8636 (3) | 0.0219 (7) | |
H5 | 0.3955 | 0.3205 | 0.8005 | 0.026* | |
C6 | 0.3437 (3) | 0.40438 (14) | 0.8763 (3) | 0.0187 (6) | |
C7 | 0.3625 (3) | 0.46401 (14) | 0.8099 (3) | 0.0188 (6) | |
C8 | 0.3220 (3) | 0.51697 (15) | 0.8678 (3) | 0.0223 (7) | |
H8 | 0.3227 | 0.5627 | 0.8443 | 0.027* | |
C9 | 0.4138 (3) | 0.46239 (15) | 0.7091 (3) | 0.0198 (7) | |
H9 | 0.4382 | 0.4191 | 0.6907 | 0.024* | |
C10 | 0.4193 (3) | 0.62076 (14) | 0.6009 (3) | 0.0191 (6) | |
C11 | 0.3353 (3) | 0.70343 (15) | 0.7620 (3) | 0.0245 (7) | |
H11A | 0.4028 | 0.6726 | 0.8354 | 0.029* | |
H11B | 0.3535 | 0.7487 | 0.8039 | 0.029* | |
C12 | 0.1817 (3) | 0.68378 (14) | 0.7277 (3) | 0.0206 (7) | |
C13 | 0.0673 (3) | 0.68232 (15) | 0.5927 (3) | 0.0259 (7) | |
H13 | 0.0838 | 0.6939 | 0.5159 | 0.031* | |
C14 | −0.0716 (3) | 0.66398 (16) | 0.5687 (3) | 0.0309 (8) | |
H14 | −0.1490 | 0.6622 | 0.4754 | 0.037* | |
C15 | −0.0977 (3) | 0.64846 (16) | 0.6793 (3) | 0.0320 (8) | |
H15 | −0.1930 | 0.6364 | 0.6627 | 0.038* | |
C16 | 0.0152 (3) | 0.65049 (15) | 0.8139 (3) | 0.0291 (8) | |
H16 | −0.0020 | 0.6398 | 0.8908 | 0.035* | |
C17 | 0.1540 (3) | 0.66816 (15) | 0.8379 (3) | 0.0243 (7) | |
H17 | 0.2312 | 0.6696 | 0.9313 | 0.029* | |
C18 | 0.1381 (4) | 0.54196 (18) | 1.1919 (3) | 0.0376 (9) | |
H18 | 0.1485 | 0.4950 | 1.2054 | 0.045* | |
C19 | 0.0701 (3) | 0.64730 (15) | 1.2501 (3) | 0.0289 (8) | |
H19A | 0.0755 | 0.6616 | 1.1658 | 0.043* | |
H19B | 0.1489 | 0.6684 | 1.3329 | 0.043* | |
H19C | −0.0241 | 0.6606 | 1.2427 | 0.043* | |
C20 | 0.0490 (3) | 0.54232 (15) | 1.3634 (3) | 0.0293 (7) | |
H20A | 0.0590 | 0.4939 | 1.3579 | 0.044* | |
H20B | −0.0516 | 0.5531 | 1.3412 | 0.044* | |
H20C | 0.1154 | 0.5578 | 1.4584 | 0.044* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Ni1 | 0.0178 (3) | 0.0178 (3) | 0.0192 (3) | −0.0001 (2) | 0.0116 (2) | −0.0001 (2) |
S1 | 0.0326 (5) | 0.0197 (4) | 0.0292 (4) | 0.0005 (3) | 0.0234 (4) | 0.0002 (3) |
S2 | 0.0297 (5) | 0.0183 (4) | 0.0296 (4) | −0.0010 (3) | 0.0201 (4) | −0.0016 (3) |
O1 | 0.0752 (19) | 0.0443 (17) | 0.0405 (14) | 0.0204 (13) | 0.0424 (14) | 0.0058 (12) |
N1 | 0.0274 (14) | 0.0212 (15) | 0.0242 (13) | −0.0007 (11) | 0.0178 (11) | −0.0028 (11) |
N2 | 0.0186 (13) | 0.0152 (14) | 0.0220 (12) | 0.0001 (10) | 0.0106 (10) | −0.0005 (10) |
N3 | 0.0197 (13) | 0.0175 (14) | 0.0223 (13) | 0.0009 (10) | 0.0114 (11) | −0.0031 (10) |
N4 | 0.0265 (15) | 0.0263 (16) | 0.0239 (13) | 0.0015 (11) | 0.0129 (12) | −0.0056 (11) |
C1 | 0.0192 (16) | 0.0213 (17) | 0.0180 (14) | −0.0012 (13) | 0.0094 (12) | 0.0003 (12) |
C2 | 0.0225 (17) | 0.0289 (19) | 0.0212 (15) | −0.0016 (14) | 0.0128 (13) | 0.0023 (13) |
C3 | 0.0232 (17) | 0.030 (2) | 0.0264 (16) | 0.0009 (14) | 0.0128 (14) | 0.0100 (14) |
C4 | 0.0229 (17) | 0.0197 (17) | 0.0319 (17) | 0.0021 (13) | 0.0123 (14) | 0.0079 (13) |
C5 | 0.0188 (16) | 0.0253 (18) | 0.0229 (15) | 0.0023 (13) | 0.0110 (13) | 0.0003 (13) |
C6 | 0.0129 (15) | 0.0237 (18) | 0.0205 (15) | 0.0019 (12) | 0.0088 (12) | 0.0023 (12) |
C7 | 0.0172 (16) | 0.0200 (17) | 0.0203 (15) | −0.0010 (12) | 0.0098 (13) | −0.0001 (12) |
C8 | 0.0243 (17) | 0.0242 (18) | 0.0217 (15) | −0.0019 (13) | 0.0134 (13) | 0.0033 (12) |
C9 | 0.0172 (16) | 0.0201 (18) | 0.0237 (16) | 0.0008 (12) | 0.0107 (13) | −0.0002 (12) |
C10 | 0.0162 (16) | 0.0222 (17) | 0.0183 (14) | −0.0012 (12) | 0.0076 (12) | −0.0008 (12) |
C11 | 0.0304 (18) | 0.0232 (18) | 0.0263 (16) | −0.0054 (14) | 0.0186 (14) | −0.0074 (13) |
C12 | 0.0251 (17) | 0.0148 (16) | 0.0282 (16) | 0.0002 (13) | 0.0177 (14) | −0.0055 (12) |
C13 | 0.0301 (19) | 0.0247 (18) | 0.0265 (17) | 0.0025 (14) | 0.0164 (15) | −0.0007 (13) |
C14 | 0.0224 (18) | 0.032 (2) | 0.0314 (18) | 0.0053 (14) | 0.0071 (15) | −0.0008 (15) |
C15 | 0.0232 (18) | 0.031 (2) | 0.044 (2) | 0.0045 (14) | 0.0177 (16) | 0.0048 (15) |
C16 | 0.0322 (19) | 0.0273 (19) | 0.0366 (19) | 0.0018 (14) | 0.0234 (16) | 0.0042 (14) |
C17 | 0.0246 (18) | 0.0256 (18) | 0.0264 (16) | −0.0007 (14) | 0.0150 (14) | −0.0043 (13) |
C18 | 0.048 (2) | 0.034 (2) | 0.0333 (19) | 0.0081 (17) | 0.0206 (18) | −0.0021 (16) |
C19 | 0.034 (2) | 0.028 (2) | 0.0260 (17) | 0.0037 (15) | 0.0150 (15) | −0.0037 (14) |
C20 | 0.0300 (18) | 0.029 (2) | 0.0324 (18) | −0.0026 (14) | 0.0177 (15) | −0.0049 (14) |
Ni1—N2i | 1.916 (2) | C6—C7 | 1.451 (4) |
Ni1—N2 | 1.916 (2) | C7—C8 | 1.391 (4) |
Ni1—S1 | 2.1770 (7) | C7—C9 | 1.418 (4) |
Ni1—S1i | 2.1770 (7) | C8—H8 | 0.9500 |
S1—C10 | 1.725 (3) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
S2—C10 | 1.748 (3) | C11—C12 | 1.511 (4) |
S2—C11 | 1.808 (3) | C11—H11A | 0.9900 |
O1—C18 | 1.233 (4) | C11—H11B | 0.9900 |
N1—C8 | 1.346 (3) | C12—C17 | 1.383 (4) |
N1—C1 | 1.375 (3) | C12—C13 | 1.382 (4) |
N1—H1 | 0.8800 | C13—C14 | 1.390 (4) |
N2—C9 | 1.306 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
N2—N3 | 1.416 (3) | C14—C15 | 1.377 (4) |
N3—C10 | 1.287 (3) | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
N4—C18 | 1.321 (4) | C15—C16 | 1.375 (4) |
N4—C20 | 1.454 (4) | C15—H15 | 0.9500 |
N4—C19 | 1.450 (4) | C16—C17 | 1.385 (4) |
C1—C2 | 1.395 (4) | C16—H16 | 0.9500 |
C1—C6 | 1.404 (4) | C17—H17 | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.370 (4) | C18—H18 | 0.9500 |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | C19—H19A | 0.9800 |
C3—C4 | 1.398 (4) | C19—H19B | 0.9800 |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C19—H19C | 0.9800 |
C4—C5 | 1.390 (4) | C20—H20A | 0.9800 |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C20—H20B | 0.9800 |
C5—C6 | 1.393 (4) | C20—H20C | 0.9800 |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | ||
N2i—Ni1—N2 | 180.0 | C7—C9—H9 | 114.5 |
N2i—Ni1—S1 | 94.36 (7) | N3—C10—S1 | 124.2 (2) |
N2—Ni1—S1 | 85.64 (7) | N3—C10—S2 | 121.5 (2) |
N2i—Ni1—S1i | 85.64 (7) | S1—C10—S2 | 114.26 (16) |
N2—Ni1—S1i | 94.36 (7) | C12—C11—S2 | 118.4 (2) |
S1—Ni1—S1i | 180.0 | C12—C11—H11A | 107.7 |
C10—S1—Ni1 | 96.64 (10) | S2—C11—H11A | 107.7 |
C10—S2—C11 | 104.76 (13) | C12—C11—H11B | 107.7 |
C8—N1—C1 | 109.9 (2) | S2—C11—H11B | 107.7 |
C8—N1—H1 | 125.1 | H11A—C11—H11B | 107.1 |
C1—N1—H1 | 125.1 | C17—C12—C13 | 118.5 (3) |
C9—N2—N3 | 112.2 (2) | C17—C12—C11 | 118.0 (2) |
C9—N2—Ni1 | 126.4 (2) | C13—C12—C11 | 123.5 (3) |
N3—N2—Ni1 | 121.46 (17) | C12—C13—C14 | 120.4 (3) |
C10—N3—N2 | 111.9 (2) | C12—C13—H13 | 119.8 |
C18—N4—C20 | 121.8 (3) | C14—C13—H13 | 119.8 |
C18—N4—C19 | 119.9 (3) | C15—C14—C13 | 120.4 (3) |
C20—N4—C19 | 118.2 (2) | C15—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
N1—C1—C2 | 129.6 (3) | C13—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
N1—C1—C6 | 107.8 (2) | C14—C15—C16 | 119.4 (3) |
C2—C1—C6 | 122.6 (3) | C14—C15—H15 | 120.3 |
C3—C2—C1 | 117.2 (3) | C16—C15—H15 | 120.3 |
C3—C2—H2 | 121.4 | C15—C16—C17 | 120.2 (3) |
C1—C2—H2 | 121.4 | C15—C16—H16 | 119.9 |
C2—C3—C4 | 121.7 (3) | C17—C16—H16 | 119.9 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.2 | C12—C17—C16 | 121.0 (3) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.2 | C12—C17—H17 | 119.5 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.7 (3) | C16—C17—H17 | 119.5 |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.7 | O1—C18—N4 | 125.3 (3) |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.7 | O1—C18—H18 | 117.3 |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.0 (3) | N4—C18—H18 | 117.3 |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.5 | N4—C19—H19A | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.5 | N4—C19—H19B | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C1 | 118.8 (3) | H19A—C19—H19B | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C7 | 134.5 (3) | N4—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
C1—C6—C7 | 106.7 (2) | H19A—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
C8—C7—C9 | 131.5 (3) | H19B—C19—H19C | 109.5 |
C8—C7—C6 | 105.5 (2) | N4—C20—H20A | 109.5 |
C9—C7—C6 | 123.0 (3) | N4—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
N1—C8—C7 | 110.1 (3) | H20A—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
N1—C8—H8 | 125.0 | N4—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
C7—C8—H8 | 125.0 | H20A—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
N2—C9—C7 | 131.1 (3) | H20B—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
N2—C9—H9 | 114.5 | ||
N2i—Ni1—S1—C10 | 177.84 (11) | C9—C7—C8—N1 | −179.2 (3) |
N2—Ni1—S1—C10 | −2.16 (11) | C6—C7—C8—N1 | 0.2 (3) |
S1—Ni1—N2—C9 | −177.9 (2) | N3—N2—C9—C7 | 0.1 (4) |
S1i—Ni1—N2—C9 | 2.1 (2) | Ni1—N2—C9—C7 | −178.5 (2) |
S1—Ni1—N2—N3 | 3.52 (18) | C8—C7—C9—N2 | −2.8 (5) |
S1i—Ni1—N2—N3 | −176.48 (18) | C6—C7—C9—N2 | 177.9 (3) |
C9—N2—N3—C10 | 177.8 (2) | N2—N3—C10—S1 | 1.1 (3) |
Ni1—N2—N3—C10 | −3.5 (3) | N2—N3—C10—S2 | −179.25 (17) |
C8—N1—C1—C2 | 179.3 (3) | Ni1—S1—C10—N3 | 1.2 (2) |
C8—N1—C1—C6 | −0.5 (3) | Ni1—S1—C10—S2 | −178.47 (13) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 178.4 (3) | C11—S2—C10—N3 | 6.4 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −1.9 (4) | C11—S2—C10—S1 | −173.95 (15) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.7 (4) | C10—S2—C11—C12 | −80.3 (2) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.8 (4) | S2—C11—C12—C17 | 165.3 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −1.2 (4) | S2—C11—C12—C13 | −16.5 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.0 (4) | C17—C12—C13—C14 | −1.5 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −178.9 (3) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −179.7 (3) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −178.6 (2) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | 1.4 (5) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 1.5 (4) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | −0.7 (5) |
N1—C1—C6—C7 | 0.6 (3) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | 0.1 (5) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | −179.3 (3) | C13—C12—C17—C16 | 0.9 (4) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 178.6 (3) | C11—C12—C17—C16 | 179.2 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—C8 | −0.5 (3) | C15—C16—C17—C12 | −0.2 (5) |
C5—C6—C7—C9 | −2.0 (5) | C20—N4—C18—O1 | −177.4 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—C9 | 179.0 (2) | C19—N4—C18—O1 | −1.6 (5) |
C1—N1—C8—C7 | 0.2 (3) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Ni(C17H14N3S2)2]·2C3H7NO |
Mr | 853.77 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.3808 (3), 20.0219 (7), 10.7831 (3) |
β (°) | 117.921 (2) |
V (Å3) | 1980.3 (1) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.75 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.12 × 0.12 × 0.06 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.916, 0.957 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 13342, 3481, 2615 |
Rint | 0.062 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.595 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.040, 0.094, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 3481 |
No. of parameters | 252 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.50, −0.29 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), X-SEED (Barbour, 2001), pubCIF (Westrip, 2008).
Acknowledgements
We thank the University of Malaya for funding this study (Science Fund grants 12–02-03–2031, 12–02-03–2051).
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
For related structures, see: Ali et al. (2000); Tian et al. (1996a,b); Xue et al. (2003); Zhang et al. (2004); Zhu et al. (2000).