organic compounds
3-(1,3-Dithiolan-2-ylidene)-1-phenylpyridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
aSchool of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: xiuyuns@sina.com
The title compound, C14H11NO2S2, was synthesized by reaction of 2-(1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene)-3-oxo-N-phenylbutanamide with N,N′-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal in N,N′-dimethylformamide. The molecule exhibits a V-shaped conformation in the crystal, with a dihedral angle of 65.9 (2)° between the benzene and pyridine rings. In the crystal. C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S interactions are observed. Two C atoms of the dithiolane ring are disordered with occupancies in the ratio 0.541 (13)/0.459 (13).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536809021862/rk2145sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809021862/rk2145Isup2.hkl
The title compound, with M.P. 497 K, was synthesized according to the literature (Li et al., 2008). It was dissolved in ethyl acetate at room temperature and hexane was added. The solution was kept at room temperature in a sealed flask for a few days to give single crystals suitable for single crystal X-ray analysis.
All H atoms bound to C atoms were generated geometrically and refined as riding atoms with C–H = 0.93Å for aromatic H and 0.97Å for CH2 groups, with Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C14H11NO2S2 | F(000) = 300 |
Mr = 289.36 | Dx = 1.465 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Melting point: 497 K |
Hall symbol: P 2yb | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 5.7708 (17) Å | Cell parameters from 3388 reflections |
b = 12.033 (4) Å | θ = 2.7–26.1° |
c = 9.624 (3) Å | µ = 0.40 mm−1 |
β = 101.094 (3)° | T = 292 K |
V = 655.8 (4) Å3 | Block, yellow |
Z = 2 | 0.35 × 0.29 × 0.28 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2543 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2361 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.050 |
ω scans | θmax = 26.1°, θmin = 2.7° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) | h = −7→7 |
Tmin = 0.870, Tmax = 0.894 | k = −14→14 |
5598 measured reflections | l = −11→11 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.071 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.035P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.04 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
2543 reflections | Δρmax = 0.17 e Å−3 |
191 parameters | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1181 Friedel pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: −0.05 (5) |
C14H11NO2S2 | V = 655.8 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 289.36 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.7708 (17) Å | µ = 0.40 mm−1 |
b = 12.033 (4) Å | T = 292 K |
c = 9.624 (3) Å | 0.35 × 0.29 × 0.28 mm |
β = 101.094 (3)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2543 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) | 2361 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.870, Tmax = 0.894 | Rint = 0.050 |
5598 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.029 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.071 | Δρmax = 0.17 e Å−3 |
S = 1.04 | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
2543 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1181 Friedel pairs |
191 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: −0.05 (5) |
1 restraint |
Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
S1 | 0.64100 (9) | 0.15466 (4) | 0.63757 (5) | 0.04732 (14) | |
S2 | 0.47667 (10) | −0.01817 (4) | 0.80937 (6) | 0.05463 (16) | |
C1 | 0.775 (3) | 0.0231 (13) | 0.6391 (16) | 0.063 (3) | 0.541 (13) |
H1A | 0.8165 | 0.0099 | 0.5476 | 0.076* | 0.541 (13) |
H1B | 0.9197 | 0.0230 | 0.7097 | 0.076* | 0.541 (13) |
C2 | 0.6217 (17) | −0.0684 (4) | 0.6704 (9) | 0.0580 (18) | 0.541 (13) |
H2A | 0.7152 | −0.1339 | 0.7017 | 0.070* | 0.541 (13) |
H2B | 0.5059 | −0.0874 | 0.5866 | 0.070* | 0.541 (13) |
C1' | 0.742 (3) | 0.0127 (13) | 0.6019 (19) | 0.064 (4) | 0.459 (13) |
H1'A | 0.6365 | −0.0202 | 0.5217 | 0.076* | 0.459 (13) |
H1'B | 0.9000 | 0.0149 | 0.5818 | 0.076* | 0.459 (13) |
C2' | 0.7381 (17) | −0.0516 (5) | 0.7321 (11) | 0.057 (2) | 0.459 (13) |
H2'A | 0.8802 | −0.0357 | 0.8011 | 0.069* | 0.459 (13) |
H2'B | 0.7374 | −0.1303 | 0.7104 | 0.069* | 0.459 (13) |
C3 | 0.4657 (3) | 0.12007 (16) | 0.75830 (19) | 0.0385 (4) | |
C4 | 0.3248 (3) | 0.19662 (16) | 0.8105 (2) | 0.0384 (4) | |
C5 | 0.1840 (3) | 0.16281 (18) | 0.91489 (18) | 0.0419 (4) | |
C6 | 0.0463 (4) | 0.24818 (18) | 0.9638 (2) | 0.0495 (5) | |
H6 | −0.0410 | 0.2314 | 1.0328 | 0.059* | |
C7 | 0.0409 (3) | 0.35039 (17) | 0.9126 (2) | 0.0477 (5) | |
H7 | −0.0534 | 0.4027 | 0.9462 | 0.057* | |
C8 | 0.3154 (3) | 0.31026 (17) | 0.7579 (2) | 0.0422 (4) | |
C9 | 0.1463 (3) | 0.49614 (15) | 0.7608 (2) | 0.0402 (4) | |
C10 | −0.0659 (3) | 0.53405 (19) | 0.6854 (2) | 0.0517 (5) | |
H10 | −0.1967 | 0.4874 | 0.6672 | 0.062* | |
C11 | −0.0823 (4) | 0.6429 (2) | 0.6368 (2) | 0.0613 (6) | |
H11 | −0.2248 | 0.6693 | 0.5854 | 0.074* | |
C12 | 0.1097 (5) | 0.71177 (19) | 0.6640 (3) | 0.0646 (6) | |
H12 | 0.0981 | 0.7844 | 0.6301 | 0.078* | |
C13 | 0.3191 (4) | 0.67360 (19) | 0.7411 (3) | 0.0604 (6) | |
H13 | 0.4486 | 0.7209 | 0.7608 | 0.072* | |
C14 | 0.3393 (3) | 0.56575 (17) | 0.7898 (2) | 0.0494 (5) | |
H14 | 0.4820 | 0.5401 | 0.8419 | 0.059* | |
N1 | 0.1675 (3) | 0.38340 (13) | 0.81222 (16) | 0.0422 (4) | |
O1 | 0.4251 (3) | 0.34287 (12) | 0.66800 (17) | 0.0611 (4) | |
O2 | 0.1866 (2) | 0.06549 (12) | 0.95739 (17) | 0.0562 (4) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
S1 | 0.0552 (3) | 0.0452 (3) | 0.0482 (3) | 0.0055 (2) | 0.0264 (2) | 0.0024 (2) |
S2 | 0.0693 (3) | 0.0355 (2) | 0.0669 (3) | 0.0066 (2) | 0.0325 (3) | 0.0060 (3) |
C1 | 0.071 (4) | 0.066 (6) | 0.064 (7) | 0.005 (3) | 0.039 (4) | −0.022 (4) |
C2 | 0.067 (4) | 0.040 (2) | 0.074 (4) | 0.004 (2) | 0.030 (3) | −0.007 (2) |
C1' | 0.111 (10) | 0.034 (4) | 0.059 (8) | 0.014 (4) | 0.048 (6) | −0.012 (4) |
C2' | 0.059 (4) | 0.035 (3) | 0.081 (5) | 0.005 (3) | 0.022 (4) | 0.001 (3) |
C3 | 0.0437 (10) | 0.0379 (10) | 0.0358 (9) | −0.0007 (8) | 0.0123 (7) | 0.0000 (7) |
C4 | 0.0437 (9) | 0.0369 (9) | 0.0381 (9) | −0.0002 (7) | 0.0167 (7) | 0.0008 (8) |
C5 | 0.0482 (10) | 0.0415 (10) | 0.0387 (9) | −0.0055 (9) | 0.0154 (7) | 0.0024 (9) |
C6 | 0.0597 (12) | 0.0503 (12) | 0.0469 (11) | 0.0006 (10) | 0.0313 (9) | 0.0002 (9) |
C7 | 0.0556 (11) | 0.0459 (12) | 0.0484 (11) | 0.0022 (9) | 0.0272 (9) | −0.0053 (9) |
C8 | 0.0501 (11) | 0.0399 (10) | 0.0412 (10) | 0.0042 (8) | 0.0199 (8) | 0.0025 (8) |
C9 | 0.0458 (9) | 0.0376 (10) | 0.0417 (9) | 0.0042 (8) | 0.0194 (7) | 0.0006 (8) |
C10 | 0.0436 (10) | 0.0543 (12) | 0.0589 (13) | 0.0057 (9) | 0.0144 (9) | −0.0045 (10) |
C11 | 0.0611 (12) | 0.0638 (15) | 0.0593 (12) | 0.0260 (12) | 0.0127 (10) | 0.0049 (12) |
C12 | 0.0907 (17) | 0.0430 (11) | 0.0712 (14) | 0.0188 (12) | 0.0433 (13) | 0.0104 (11) |
C13 | 0.0627 (13) | 0.0433 (12) | 0.0831 (15) | −0.0024 (10) | 0.0341 (11) | −0.0004 (11) |
C14 | 0.0463 (10) | 0.0441 (11) | 0.0600 (14) | 0.0013 (9) | 0.0153 (9) | 0.0000 (9) |
N1 | 0.0508 (9) | 0.0347 (8) | 0.0465 (9) | 0.0038 (7) | 0.0227 (7) | −0.0003 (7) |
O1 | 0.0833 (10) | 0.0434 (8) | 0.0717 (10) | 0.0140 (8) | 0.0525 (8) | 0.0151 (7) |
O2 | 0.0678 (9) | 0.0442 (8) | 0.0644 (9) | −0.0033 (7) | 0.0323 (7) | 0.0112 (7) |
S1—C3 | 1.732 (2) | C5—C6 | 1.432 (3) |
S1—C1 | 1.761 (15) | C6—C7 | 1.323 (3) |
S1—C1' | 1.857 (16) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
S2—C3 | 1.732 (2) | C7—N1 | 1.377 (2) |
S2—C2 | 1.813 (5) | C7—H7 | 0.9300 |
S2—C2' | 1.850 (6) | C8—O1 | 1.231 (2) |
C1—C2 | 1.479 (19) | C8—N1 | 1.396 (2) |
C1—H1A | 0.9700 | C9—C10 | 1.376 (3) |
C1—H1B | 0.9700 | C9—C14 | 1.379 (3) |
C2—H2A | 0.9700 | C9—N1 | 1.441 (2) |
C2—H2B | 0.9700 | C10—C11 | 1.388 (3) |
C1'—C2' | 1.48 (2) | C10—H10 | 0.9300 |
C1'—H1'A | 0.9700 | C11—C12 | 1.367 (4) |
C1'—H1'B | 0.9700 | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C2'—H2'A | 0.9700 | C12—C13 | 1.370 (3) |
C2'—H2'B | 0.9700 | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.385 (3) | C13—C14 | 1.377 (3) |
C4—C8 | 1.455 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.9300 |
C4—C5 | 1.466 (2) | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
C5—O2 | 1.240 (2) | ||
C3—S1—C1 | 95.2 (5) | C8—C4—C5 | 120.70 (16) |
C3—S1—C1' | 98.4 (7) | O2—C5—C6 | 122.80 (17) |
C1—S1—C1' | 12.1 (9) | O2—C5—C4 | 121.01 (18) |
C3—S2—C2 | 96.19 (18) | C6—C5—C4 | 116.20 (18) |
C3—S2—C2' | 94.75 (19) | C7—C6—C5 | 121.31 (18) |
C2—S2—C2' | 26.22 (19) | C7—C6—H6 | 119.3 |
C2—C1—S1 | 113.1 (9) | C5—C6—H6 | 119.3 |
C2—C1—H1A | 109.0 | C6—C7—N1 | 123.46 (17) |
S1—C1—H1A | 109.0 | C6—C7—H7 | 118.3 |
C2—C1—H1B | 109.0 | N1—C7—H7 | 118.3 |
S1—C1—H1B | 109.0 | O1—C8—N1 | 119.78 (18) |
H1A—C1—H1B | 107.8 | O1—C8—C4 | 123.65 (17) |
C1—C2—S2 | 106.3 (7) | N1—C8—C4 | 116.55 (16) |
C1—C2—H2A | 110.5 | C10—C9—C14 | 120.52 (19) |
S2—C2—H2A | 110.5 | C10—C9—N1 | 120.09 (17) |
C1—C2—H2B | 110.5 | C14—C9—N1 | 119.38 (17) |
S2—C2—H2B | 110.5 | C9—C10—C11 | 119.1 (2) |
H2A—C2—H2B | 108.7 | C9—C10—H10 | 120.4 |
C2'—C1'—S1 | 105.6 (11) | C11—C10—H10 | 120.4 |
C2'—C1'—H1'A | 110.6 | C12—C11—C10 | 120.5 (2) |
S1—C1'—H1'A | 110.6 | C12—C11—H11 | 119.8 |
C2'—C1'—H1'B | 110.6 | C10—C11—H11 | 119.8 |
S1—C1'—H1'B | 110.6 | C11—C12—C13 | 119.9 (2) |
H1'A—C1'—H1'B | 108.7 | C11—C12—H12 | 120.1 |
C1'—C2'—S2 | 111.9 (9) | C13—C12—H12 | 120.1 |
C1'—C2'—H2'A | 109.2 | C12—C13—C14 | 120.6 (2) |
S2—C2'—H2'A | 109.2 | C12—C13—H13 | 119.7 |
C1'—C2'—H2'B | 109.2 | C14—C13—H13 | 119.7 |
S2—C2'—H2'B | 109.2 | C13—C14—C9 | 119.4 (2) |
H2'A—C2'—H2'B | 107.9 | C13—C14—H14 | 120.3 |
C4—C3—S1 | 122.87 (14) | C9—C14—H14 | 120.3 |
C4—C3—S2 | 121.84 (15) | C7—N1—C8 | 121.74 (16) |
S1—C3—S2 | 115.28 (11) | C7—N1—C9 | 119.40 (15) |
C3—C4—C8 | 118.94 (16) | C8—N1—C9 | 118.86 (15) |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.35 (18) | ||
C3—S1—C1—C2 | 29.1 (11) | O2—C5—C6—C7 | −177.6 (2) |
C1'—S1—C1—C2 | −77 (5) | C4—C5—C6—C7 | 2.6 (3) |
S1—C1—C2—S2 | −40.8 (12) | C5—C6—C7—N1 | −1.2 (3) |
C3—S2—C2—C1 | 31.6 (9) | C3—C4—C8—O1 | 0.5 (3) |
C2'—S2—C2—C1 | −56.5 (9) | C5—C4—C8—O1 | −178.25 (19) |
C3—S1—C1'—C2' | −28.1 (12) | C3—C4—C8—N1 | 178.91 (17) |
C1—S1—C1'—C2' | 47 (5) | C5—C4—C8—N1 | 0.1 (3) |
S1—C1'—C2'—S2 | 40.1 (13) | C14—C9—C10—C11 | 1.1 (3) |
C3—S2—C2'—C1' | −33.7 (10) | N1—C9—C10—C11 | −179.94 (18) |
C2—S2—C2'—C1' | 60.7 (11) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.3 (3) |
C1—S1—C3—C4 | 175.0 (5) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.8 (4) |
C1'—S1—C3—C4 | −173.3 (6) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 1.0 (4) |
C1—S1—C3—S2 | −5.4 (5) | C12—C13—C14—C9 | −0.3 (3) |
C1'—S1—C3—S2 | 6.3 (6) | C10—C9—C14—C13 | −0.8 (3) |
C2—S2—C3—C4 | 165.9 (4) | N1—C9—C14—C13 | −179.81 (18) |
C2'—S2—C3—C4 | −167.8 (4) | C6—C7—N1—C8 | −0.9 (3) |
C2—S2—C3—S1 | −13.8 (4) | C6—C7—N1—C9 | 178.73 (18) |
C2'—S2—C3—S1 | 12.5 (4) | O1—C8—N1—C7 | 179.79 (18) |
S1—C3—C4—C8 | 2.5 (3) | C4—C8—N1—C7 | 1.4 (3) |
S2—C3—C4—C8 | −177.09 (14) | O1—C8—N1—C9 | 0.2 (3) |
S1—C3—C4—C5 | −178.70 (14) | C4—C8—N1—C9 | −178.25 (16) |
S2—C3—C4—C5 | 1.7 (2) | C10—C9—N1—C7 | −65.0 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—O2 | −0.6 (3) | C14—C9—N1—C7 | 114.0 (2) |
C8—C4—C5—O2 | 178.16 (18) | C10—C9—N1—C8 | 114.7 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 179.24 (18) | C14—C9—N1—C8 | −66.3 (2) |
C8—C4—C5—C6 | −2.0 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C1′—H1′A···O1i | 0.97 | 2.43 | 3.300 (17) | 148 |
C2—H2B···O1i | 0.97 | 2.69 | 3.388 (8) | 129 |
C7—H7···O2ii | 0.93 | 2.36 | 3.259 (3) | 163 |
C14—H14···O2iii | 0.93 | 2.46 | 3.293 (3) | 149 |
C11—H11···S1iv | 0.93 | 2.90 | 3.756 (3) | 153 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1; (ii) −x, y+1/2, −z+2; (iii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+2; (iv) −x, y+1/2, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C14H11NO2S2 |
Mr | 289.36 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21 |
Temperature (K) | 292 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.7708 (17), 12.033 (4), 9.624 (3) |
β (°) | 101.094 (3) |
V (Å3) | 655.8 (4) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.40 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.35 × 0.29 × 0.28 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.870, 0.894 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 5598, 2543, 2361 |
Rint | 0.050 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.618 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.029, 0.071, 1.04 |
No. of reflections | 2543 |
No. of parameters | 191 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.17, −0.21 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), 1181 Friedel pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | −0.05 (5) |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C1'—H1'A···O1i | 0.97 | 2.43 | 3.300 (17) | 148 |
C2—H2B···O1i | 0.97 | 2.69 | 3.388 (8) | 129 |
C7—H7···O2ii | 0.93 | 2.36 | 3.259 (3) | 163 |
C14—H14···O2iii | 0.93 | 2.46 | 3.293 (3) | 149 |
C11—H11···S1iv | 0.93 | 2.90 | 3.756 (3) | 153 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1; (ii) −x, y+1/2, −z+2; (iii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+2; (iv) −x, y+1/2, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology for support of this work.
References
Bruker (2002). SADABS. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Bruker (2007). APEX2, and SAINT. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Google Scholar
Flack, H. D. (1983). Acta Cryst. A39, 876–881. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Li, Y.-H., Li, W.-L., Zhang, R., Zhou, Y. & Dong, D.-W. (2008). Synthesis, 21, 3411–3414. Google Scholar
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N-Substituted pyridone compounds have versatile physiological activity. For instance, they can sterilize, ease pain, resist tumour and cure parkinsonism and so forth. These compounds can cure β-thalassemia beyond compare, beacuse they have powerful ability to form coordination compounds. In the molecule of the title compound, (Fig. 1), C1 and C2 are disordered in ratio 0.541 (13)/0.459 (13). The molecule exhibits a V-shaped conformation in the crystal with a dihedral angle of 65.9 (2)° between the benzene ring and the pyridine ring. The dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the dithiolane ring is 2.6 (8)°.