metal-organic compounds
(2,2′-Biquinoline-κ2N,N′)dichloridoiron(II)
aDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
*Correspondence e-mail: n-safari@cc.sbu.ac.ir
In the title compound, [FeCl2(C18H12N2)], the FeII atom is four-coordinated in a distorted tetrahedral arrangement by an N,N′-bidentate 2,2′-biquinoline ligand and two chloride ions. In the crystal, there are extensive π–π contacts between the pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.7611 (3), 3.7603 (4), 3.5292 (4), 3.5336 (5) and 3.6656 (4) Å].
Related literature
For related structures, see: Amani et al. (2009); Amani, Safari & Khavasi (2007); Amani, Safari, Khavasi & Mirzaei (2007); Chan & Baird (2004); Gibson et al. (2002); Handley et al. (2001); Khavasi et al. (2007, 2008). For bond-length data, see: Figgis et al. (1983); Kulkarni et al. (1998).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2005); cell X-AREA; data reduction: X-RED (Stoe & Cie, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809041439/hb5133sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809041439/hb5133Isup2.hkl
A solution of 2,2'-biquinoline (0.20 g, 0.78 mmol) in methanol (6 ml) and chloroform (2 ml) was added to a solution of FeCl3.6H2O (0.07 g, 0.26 mmol) in methanol (6 ml) and chloroform (2 ml) and the resulting yellow solution was stirred for 15 min at room temperature. This solution was left to evaporate slowly at room temperature. After two weeks, red blocks of (I) were isolated (yield 0.07 g, 70.3%).
All H atoms were positioned geometrically (C—H = 0.93Å) and refined as riding with Uiso(H)=1.2Ueq.
Recently, we reported the synthes and
of iron (III) hetero-ligand complexes such as [Fe(bipy)Cl4][bipy.H], (II), [Fe(5,5'-dmbpy)2Cl2][FeCl4], (III), (Amani, Safari & Khavasi 2007), [Fe(phen)Cl3(CH3OH)].CH3OH, (IV), (Khavasi et al., 2007), [Fe(bipy)Cl3(DMSO)], (V) and [Fe(phen)Cl3(DMSO)], (VI), (Amani, Safari, khavasi & Mirzaei, 2007), [Fe(phen)Cl4][phen.H], (VII), (Khavasi et al., 2008), [Fe(4,4'-dmbpy)Cl4][4,4'-dmbpy.H], (VIII) and [Fe(4,4'-dmbpy)Cl3(DMSO)], (IX), (Amani et al., 2009) [where bipy is 2,2'-bipyridine, 5,5'-dmbpy is 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, phen is 1,10-phenanthroline, DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide and 4,4'-dmbpy is 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine].There are several FeII complexes, with formula, [FeCl2(N—N)], such as [FeCl2(6,6'-dmbpy)], (X), (Chan & Baird 2004), [FeCl2(BDP)], (XI), (Handley et al., 2001) and [FeCl2(DEI)], (XII), (Gibson et al., 2002) [where 6,6'-dmbpy is 6, 6'-dimethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine, BDP is 1,3-bis(dimethylamino) propane and DEI is N,N'-dicyclohexyl-1,2-ethanedi-imine] have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. We report herein the synthesis and
of the title compound (I).In the molecule of the title compound, (I), (Fig. 1), the FeII atom is four-coordinated in distorted tetrahedral configurations by two N atoms from one 2, 2'-biquinoline and two terminal Cl atoms. The Fe—Cl and Fe—N bond lengths and angles (Table 1) are within normal range (X). In this complex, Fe—N average distance is 2.1029 (15)Å and the Fe—Cl average bond distance is 2.2303 (6) Å. The Fe—N average bond distances in high-spin FeII and FeIII phenanthroline and bipyridine complexes are around 2.2 Å. However, low-spin FeII and FeIII complexes, the Fe—N distances less than 2 Å were reported (Figgis et al., 1983; Kulkarni et al., 1998). Therefore, in the molecule of the title compound, the Fe—N bond distance is unambiguously high-spin FeII. It seems substitution in the 6 position of bipyridine is crucial to stabilize FeII high-spin versus (FeII) especially low-spin. Also, biquinoline result in auto reduce of FeIII to FeII.
The π-π contacts between the pyridine rings, Cg2···Cg2i, Cg2···Cg4i, Cg3···Cg3ii, Cg3···Cg5i, Cg4···Cg4ii and Cg5···Cg3ii [symmetry cods: (i) 1-X, 1-Y, 1-Z, (ii) 1-X,-Y,1-Z, where Cg2, Cg3, Cg4 and Cg5 are centroids of the rings (N1/C1/C6—C9), (N2/C10—C13/C18), (C1—C6) and (C13—C18), respectively] further stabilize the structure, with centroid-centroid distance of 3.7611 (3), 3.7603 (4), 3.5292 (4), 3.5336 (5) and 3.6656 (4) Å, respectively. It seems this π-π stacking is effective in the stabilization of the (Fig. 2).
For related structures, see: Amani et al. (2009); Amani, Safari & Khavasi (2007); Amani, Safari, Khavasi & Mirzaei (2007); Chan & Baird (2004); Gibson et al. (2002); Handley et al. (2001); Khavasi et al. (2007, 2008). For bond-length data, see: Figgis et al. (1983); Kulkarni et al. (1998).
Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2005); cell
X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2005); data reduction: X-RED (Stoe & Cie, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of (I) with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 30% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. Unit-cell packing diagram for (I). |
[FeCl2(C18H12N2)] | F(000) = 776 |
Mr = 383.05 | Dx = 1.575 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 1323 reflections |
a = 7.9777 (6) Å | θ = 2.1–29.3° |
b = 12.2268 (11) Å | µ = 1.26 mm−1 |
c = 16.9904 (12) Å | T = 298 K |
β = 102.899 (6)° | Block, red |
V = 1615.5 (2) Å3 | 0.45 × 0.43 × 0.31 mm |
Z = 4 |
Stoe IPDS II diffractometer | 4323 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3739 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.024 |
Detector resolution: 0.15 mm pixels mm-1 | θmax = 29.3°, θmin = 2.1° |
rotation method scans | h = −10→10 |
Absorption correction: numerical (X-SHAPE; Stoe & Cie, 2005) | k = −16→16 |
Tmin = 0.577, Tmax = 0.681 | l = −23→21 |
13058 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.093 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0407P)2 + 0.7232P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4323 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.007 |
208 parameters | Δρmax = 0.52 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.44 e Å−3 |
[FeCl2(C18H12N2)] | V = 1615.5 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 383.05 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 7.9777 (6) Å | µ = 1.26 mm−1 |
b = 12.2268 (11) Å | T = 298 K |
c = 16.9904 (12) Å | 0.45 × 0.43 × 0.31 mm |
β = 102.899 (6)° |
Stoe IPDS II diffractometer | 4323 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: numerical (X-SHAPE; Stoe & Cie, 2005) | 3739 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.577, Tmax = 0.681 | Rint = 0.024 |
13058 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.093 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.52 e Å−3 |
4323 reflections | Δρmin = −0.44 e Å−3 |
208 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.2274 (2) | 0.95885 (14) | 0.02892 (11) | 0.0367 (3) | |
C2 | 0.3108 (3) | 1.01753 (16) | 0.09821 (13) | 0.0462 (4) | |
H2 | 0.3097 | 0.9909 | 0.1494 | 0.055* | |
C3 | 0.3929 (3) | 1.11314 (18) | 0.09004 (15) | 0.0546 (5) | |
H3 | 0.4477 | 1.1515 | 0.1359 | 0.066* | |
C4 | 0.3959 (3) | 1.15461 (17) | 0.01308 (17) | 0.0571 (6) | |
H4 | 0.4536 | 1.2196 | 0.0086 | 0.069* | |
C5 | 0.3157 (3) | 1.10094 (17) | −0.05409 (15) | 0.0520 (5) | |
H5 | 0.3174 | 1.1297 | −0.1046 | 0.062* | |
C6 | 0.2289 (2) | 1.00112 (15) | −0.04852 (12) | 0.0417 (4) | |
C7 | 0.1447 (3) | 0.94060 (17) | −0.11614 (12) | 0.0475 (4) | |
H7 | 0.1447 | 0.9656 | −0.1678 | 0.057* | |
C8 | 0.0630 (3) | 0.84538 (16) | −0.10617 (11) | 0.0438 (4) | |
H8 | 0.0069 | 0.8052 | −0.1508 | 0.053* | |
C9 | 0.0647 (2) | 0.80865 (14) | −0.02736 (10) | 0.0352 (3) | |
C10 | −0.0289 (2) | 0.70846 (13) | −0.01190 (10) | 0.0352 (3) | |
C11 | −0.1412 (3) | 0.65279 (15) | −0.07475 (11) | 0.0426 (4) | |
H11 | −0.1539 | 0.6755 | −0.1280 | 0.051* | |
C12 | −0.2310 (2) | 0.56528 (16) | −0.05670 (12) | 0.0459 (4) | |
H12 | −0.3060 | 0.5280 | −0.0977 | 0.055* | |
C13 | −0.2108 (2) | 0.53109 (15) | 0.02390 (12) | 0.0423 (4) | |
C14 | −0.2993 (3) | 0.44022 (17) | 0.04699 (16) | 0.0550 (5) | |
H14 | −0.3764 | 0.4011 | 0.0080 | 0.066* | |
C15 | −0.2720 (3) | 0.4098 (2) | 0.12585 (17) | 0.0637 (6) | |
H15 | −0.3316 | 0.3506 | 0.1404 | 0.076* | |
C16 | −0.1546 (4) | 0.4673 (2) | 0.18538 (16) | 0.0652 (6) | |
H16 | −0.1362 | 0.4450 | 0.2390 | 0.078* | |
C17 | −0.0666 (3) | 0.55570 (18) | 0.16561 (13) | 0.0544 (5) | |
H17 | 0.0105 | 0.5933 | 0.2056 | 0.065* | |
C18 | −0.0937 (2) | 0.58938 (15) | 0.08446 (11) | 0.0398 (4) | |
N1 | 0.14684 (19) | 0.86245 (11) | 0.03785 (8) | 0.0349 (3) | |
N2 | −0.00420 (19) | 0.67763 (12) | 0.06478 (8) | 0.0361 (3) | |
Fe1 | 0.17508 (4) | 0.77276 (2) | 0.145770 (14) | 0.04109 (9) | |
Cl1 | 0.43989 (8) | 0.70190 (6) | 0.17323 (4) | 0.06732 (17) | |
Cl2 | 0.05960 (9) | 0.84372 (5) | 0.24216 (3) | 0.06434 (17) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0354 (8) | 0.0411 (9) | 0.0060 (7) | 0.0107 (7) | 0.0011 (6) |
C2 | 0.0462 (10) | 0.0451 (10) | 0.0478 (10) | −0.0023 (8) | 0.0114 (8) | −0.0066 (8) |
C3 | 0.0477 (11) | 0.0463 (10) | 0.0710 (14) | −0.0045 (9) | 0.0156 (10) | −0.0112 (10) |
C4 | 0.0507 (12) | 0.0392 (10) | 0.0878 (17) | −0.0023 (9) | 0.0289 (12) | 0.0013 (10) |
C5 | 0.0519 (11) | 0.0429 (10) | 0.0679 (13) | 0.0073 (9) | 0.0278 (10) | 0.0135 (9) |
C6 | 0.0409 (9) | 0.0401 (9) | 0.0479 (10) | 0.0089 (7) | 0.0177 (8) | 0.0062 (7) |
C7 | 0.0558 (11) | 0.0511 (11) | 0.0372 (9) | 0.0099 (9) | 0.0142 (8) | 0.0113 (8) |
C8 | 0.0535 (11) | 0.0459 (9) | 0.0307 (8) | 0.0044 (8) | 0.0066 (7) | 0.0020 (7) |
C9 | 0.0385 (8) | 0.0362 (8) | 0.0302 (7) | 0.0073 (7) | 0.0062 (6) | 0.0016 (6) |
C10 | 0.0360 (8) | 0.0359 (8) | 0.0319 (7) | 0.0055 (6) | 0.0041 (6) | −0.0021 (6) |
C11 | 0.0446 (10) | 0.0443 (9) | 0.0341 (8) | 0.0052 (8) | −0.0018 (7) | −0.0032 (7) |
C12 | 0.0391 (9) | 0.0438 (9) | 0.0492 (10) | 0.0022 (8) | −0.0017 (8) | −0.0082 (8) |
C13 | 0.0357 (9) | 0.0388 (9) | 0.0537 (11) | 0.0023 (7) | 0.0127 (8) | −0.0036 (8) |
C14 | 0.0449 (11) | 0.0452 (10) | 0.0780 (15) | −0.0050 (9) | 0.0205 (10) | −0.0055 (10) |
C15 | 0.0647 (14) | 0.0508 (12) | 0.0867 (18) | −0.0081 (11) | 0.0409 (13) | 0.0016 (11) |
C16 | 0.0862 (18) | 0.0610 (13) | 0.0585 (13) | −0.0056 (13) | 0.0374 (13) | 0.0073 (11) |
C17 | 0.0693 (14) | 0.0544 (12) | 0.0433 (10) | −0.0083 (10) | 0.0204 (10) | 0.0008 (9) |
C18 | 0.0411 (9) | 0.0383 (8) | 0.0422 (9) | 0.0008 (7) | 0.0138 (7) | −0.0006 (7) |
N1 | 0.0383 (7) | 0.0352 (7) | 0.0310 (6) | 0.0033 (6) | 0.0074 (5) | 0.0004 (5) |
N2 | 0.0398 (7) | 0.0372 (7) | 0.0308 (6) | 0.0008 (6) | 0.0070 (5) | −0.0009 (5) |
Fe1 | 0.04860 (17) | 0.04469 (15) | 0.02751 (13) | −0.00218 (11) | 0.00321 (10) | 0.00021 (10) |
Cl1 | 0.0545 (3) | 0.0818 (4) | 0.0594 (3) | 0.0111 (3) | −0.0006 (2) | 0.0081 (3) |
Cl2 | 0.0820 (4) | 0.0767 (4) | 0.0333 (2) | 0.0170 (3) | 0.0107 (2) | −0.0042 (2) |
C1—N1 | 1.367 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.360 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.412 (3) | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C1—C6 | 1.416 (3) | C12—C13 | 1.406 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.362 (3) | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C13—C18 | 1.418 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.407 (4) | C13—C14 | 1.418 (3) |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C14—C15 | 1.360 (4) |
C4—C5 | 1.348 (3) | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C15—C16 | 1.404 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.417 (3) | C15—H15 | 0.9300 |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C16—C17 | 1.371 (3) |
C6—C7 | 1.405 (3) | C16—H16 | 0.9300 |
C7—C8 | 1.363 (3) | C17—C18 | 1.409 (3) |
C7—H7 | 0.9300 | C17—H17 | 0.9300 |
C8—C9 | 1.409 (2) | C18—N2 | 1.376 (2) |
C8—H8 | 0.9300 | Fe1—N1 | 2.1051 (14) |
C9—N1 | 1.329 (2) | Fe1—N2 | 2.1008 (15) |
C9—C10 | 1.488 (2) | Fe1—Cl2 | 2.2265 (6) |
C10—N2 | 1.328 (2) | Fe1—Cl1 | 2.2341 (7) |
C10—C11 | 1.407 (2) | ||
N1—C1—C2 | 119.43 (16) | C11—C12—C13 | 120.10 (17) |
N1—C1—C6 | 121.30 (16) | C11—C12—H12 | 119.9 |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.27 (17) | C13—C12—H12 | 119.9 |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.9 (2) | C12—C13—C18 | 118.12 (17) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.0 | C12—C13—C14 | 123.11 (19) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.0 | C18—C13—C14 | 118.76 (19) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.8 (2) | C15—C14—C13 | 120.4 (2) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.6 | C15—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.6 | C13—C14—H14 | 119.8 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.5 (2) | C14—C15—C16 | 120.5 (2) |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.7 | C14—C15—H15 | 119.8 |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.7 | C16—C15—H15 | 119.8 |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.6 (2) | C17—C16—C15 | 120.9 (2) |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.7 | C17—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.7 | C15—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C7—C6—C1 | 117.76 (17) | C16—C17—C18 | 119.7 (2) |
C7—C6—C5 | 123.42 (19) | C16—C17—H17 | 120.2 |
C1—C6—C5 | 118.83 (19) | C18—C17—H17 | 120.2 |
C8—C7—C6 | 120.19 (17) | N2—C18—C17 | 119.52 (17) |
C8—C7—H7 | 119.9 | N2—C18—C13 | 120.76 (16) |
C6—C7—H7 | 119.9 | C17—C18—C13 | 119.71 (18) |
C7—C8—C9 | 119.12 (18) | C9—N1—C1 | 119.39 (15) |
C7—C8—H8 | 120.4 | C9—N1—Fe1 | 113.92 (11) |
C9—C8—H8 | 120.4 | C1—N1—Fe1 | 125.75 (11) |
N1—C9—C8 | 122.20 (17) | C10—N2—C18 | 119.32 (15) |
N1—C9—C10 | 115.71 (14) | C10—N2—Fe1 | 114.56 (12) |
C8—C9—C10 | 122.08 (16) | C18—N2—Fe1 | 126.12 (12) |
N2—C10—C11 | 122.49 (17) | N2—Fe1—N1 | 78.06 (6) |
N2—C10—C9 | 115.87 (14) | N2—Fe1—Cl2 | 111.38 (5) |
C11—C10—C9 | 121.60 (15) | N1—Fe1—Cl2 | 117.15 (4) |
C12—C11—C10 | 119.19 (17) | N2—Fe1—Cl1 | 113.32 (5) |
C12—C11—H11 | 120.4 | N1—Fe1—Cl1 | 107.24 (5) |
C10—C11—H11 | 120.4 | Cl2—Fe1—Cl1 | 121.65 (3) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 179.35 (18) | C12—C13—C18—N2 | 0.7 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −0.6 (3) | C14—C13—C18—N2 | 179.59 (17) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.0 (3) | C12—C13—C18—C17 | −178.33 (19) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.7 (3) | C14—C13—C18—C17 | 0.5 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.8 (3) | C8—C9—N1—C1 | 2.5 (3) |
N1—C1—C6—C7 | 0.0 (3) | C10—C9—N1—C1 | −176.11 (14) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | 179.98 (17) | C8—C9—N1—Fe1 | −167.08 (14) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −179.45 (16) | C10—C9—N1—Fe1 | 14.32 (19) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.5 (3) | C2—C1—N1—C9 | 178.34 (17) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −179.2 (2) | C6—C1—N1—C9 | −1.7 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.2 (3) | C2—C1—N1—Fe1 | −13.4 (2) |
C1—C6—C7—C8 | 0.9 (3) | C6—C1—N1—Fe1 | 166.54 (13) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −179.67 (19) | C11—C10—N2—C18 | −1.3 (3) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −0.2 (3) | C9—C10—N2—C18 | 176.38 (15) |
C7—C8—C9—N1 | −1.6 (3) | C11—C10—N2—Fe1 | 178.50 (13) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 176.93 (17) | C9—C10—N2—Fe1 | −3.78 (19) |
N1—C9—C10—N2 | −7.2 (2) | C17—C18—N2—C10 | 179.36 (18) |
C8—C9—C10—N2 | 174.23 (17) | C13—C18—N2—C10 | 0.3 (3) |
N1—C9—C10—C11 | 170.57 (16) | C17—C18—N2—Fe1 | −0.4 (3) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −8.0 (3) | C13—C18—N2—Fe1 | −179.52 (13) |
N2—C10—C11—C12 | 1.3 (3) | C10—N2—Fe1—N1 | 8.54 (12) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −176.28 (17) | C18—N2—Fe1—N1 | −171.64 (15) |
C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.2 (3) | C10—N2—Fe1—Cl2 | 123.25 (12) |
C11—C12—C13—C18 | −0.8 (3) | C18—N2—Fe1—Cl2 | −56.93 (15) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | −179.55 (19) | C10—N2—Fe1—Cl1 | −95.27 (12) |
C12—C13—C14—C15 | 178.8 (2) | C18—N2—Fe1—Cl1 | 84.55 (14) |
C18—C13—C14—C15 | 0.0 (3) | C9—N1—Fe1—N2 | −12.47 (12) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | −0.7 (4) | C1—N1—Fe1—N2 | 178.74 (14) |
C14—C15—C16—C17 | 0.8 (4) | C9—N1—Fe1—Cl2 | −120.54 (11) |
C15—C16—C17—C18 | −0.3 (4) | C1—N1—Fe1—Cl2 | 70.66 (14) |
C16—C17—C18—N2 | −179.5 (2) | C9—N1—Fe1—Cl1 | 98.51 (12) |
C16—C17—C18—C13 | −0.4 (3) | C1—N1—Fe1—Cl1 | −70.28 (14) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [FeCl2(C18H12N2)] |
Mr | 383.05 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 298 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.9777 (6), 12.2268 (11), 16.9904 (12) |
β (°) | 102.899 (6) |
V (Å3) | 1615.5 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.26 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.45 × 0.43 × 0.31 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Stoe IPDS II |
Absorption correction | Numerical (X-SHAPE; Stoe & Cie, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.577, 0.681 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 13058, 4323, 3739 |
Rint | 0.024 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.688 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.037, 0.093, 1.06 |
No. of reflections | 4323 |
No. of parameters | 208 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.52, −0.44 |
Computer programs: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2005), X-RED (Stoe & Cie, 2005), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997).
Fe1—N1 | 2.1051 (14) | Fe1—Cl2 | 2.2265 (6) |
Fe1—N2 | 2.1008 (15) | Fe1—Cl1 | 2.2341 (7) |
N2—Fe1—N1 | 78.06 (6) |
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Shahid Beheshti University for financial support.
References
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Recently, we reported the synthes and crystal structure of iron (III) hetero-ligand complexes such as [Fe(bipy)Cl4][bipy.H], (II), [Fe(5,5'-dmbpy)2Cl2][FeCl4], (III), (Amani, Safari & Khavasi 2007), [Fe(phen)Cl3(CH3OH)].CH3OH, (IV), (Khavasi et al., 2007), [Fe(bipy)Cl3(DMSO)], (V) and [Fe(phen)Cl3(DMSO)], (VI), (Amani, Safari, khavasi & Mirzaei, 2007), [Fe(phen)Cl4][phen.H], (VII), (Khavasi et al., 2008), [Fe(4,4'-dmbpy)Cl4][4,4'-dmbpy.H], (VIII) and [Fe(4,4'-dmbpy)Cl3(DMSO)], (IX), (Amani et al., 2009) [where bipy is 2,2'-bipyridine, 5,5'-dmbpy is 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, phen is 1,10-phenanthroline, DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide and 4,4'-dmbpy is 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine].
There are several FeII complexes, with formula, [FeCl2(N—N)], such as [FeCl2(6,6'-dmbpy)], (X), (Chan & Baird 2004), [FeCl2(BDP)], (XI), (Handley et al., 2001) and [FeCl2(DEI)], (XII), (Gibson et al., 2002) [where 6,6'-dmbpy is 6, 6'-dimethyl-2, 2'-bipyridine, BDP is 1,3-bis(dimethylamino) propane and DEI is N,N'-dicyclohexyl-1,2-ethanedi-imine] have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. We report herein the synthesis and crystal structure of the title compound (I).
In the molecule of the title compound, (I), (Fig. 1), the FeII atom is four-coordinated in distorted tetrahedral configurations by two N atoms from one 2, 2'-biquinoline and two terminal Cl atoms. The Fe—Cl and Fe—N bond lengths and angles (Table 1) are within normal range (X). In this complex, Fe—N average distance is 2.1029 (15)Å and the Fe—Cl average bond distance is 2.2303 (6) Å. The Fe—N average bond distances in high-spin FeII and FeIII phenanthroline and bipyridine complexes are around 2.2 Å. However, low-spin FeII and FeIII complexes, the Fe—N distances less than 2 Å were reported (Figgis et al., 1983; Kulkarni et al., 1998). Therefore, in the molecule of the title compound, the Fe—N bond distance is unambiguously high-spin FeII. It seems substitution in the 6 position of bipyridine is crucial to stabilize FeII high-spin versus (FeII) especially low-spin. Also, biquinoline result in auto reduce of FeIII to FeII.
The π-π contacts between the pyridine rings, Cg2···Cg2i, Cg2···Cg4i, Cg3···Cg3ii, Cg3···Cg5i, Cg4···Cg4ii and Cg5···Cg3ii [symmetry cods: (i) 1-X, 1-Y, 1-Z, (ii) 1-X,-Y,1-Z, where Cg2, Cg3, Cg4 and Cg5 are centroids of the rings (N1/C1/C6—C9), (N2/C10—C13/C18), (C1—C6) and (C13—C18), respectively] further stabilize the structure, with centroid-centroid distance of 3.7611 (3), 3.7603 (4), 3.5292 (4), 3.5336 (5) and 3.6656 (4) Å, respectively. It seems this π-π stacking is effective in the stabilization of the crystal structure (Fig. 2).