organic compounds
2-Methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid
aDepartment of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, and bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
*Correspondence e-mail: dmntahir_uos@yahoo.com
In the title compound, C8H6N2O6, the O atoms of the nitro groups, the methyl H atoms and the carboxyl C=O and C—OH groups are disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.595 (16):0.405 (16). In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds arise for both carboxyl disorder components and C—H⋯O bonds and weak C—H⋯π interactions consolidate the packing.
Related literature
For general background to ); Varanda et al. (2004). For related structures, see: Prince et al. (1991); Sarma & Nagaraju (2000).
see: Hill (1986Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809042627/hb5136sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809042627/hb5136Isup2.hkl
HNO3 (28.0 g, 0.7 mol) was added as drops to an ice-chilled (273 K) solution of o-toluic acid (13.6 g, 0.1 mol) in H2SO4 (110.4 g, 11.2 mol) with constant stirring. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes, left overnight on stirring at room temperature and then refluxed at 373 K for 4 h. More HNO3 (21.0 g, 0.69 mol) was added after cooling to room temperature and refluxed for further 3 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured to ice. The precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water to remove free sulfates and nitrates. Recrystallization from methanol/water (1:1) afforded yellow needles of (I) suitable for x-ray diffraction. Yield 92%.
The O-atoms of NO2 groups along with H-atoms of CH3 and OH groups are disordered. The coordinates of H-atoms of hydroxy group were refined.
H-atoms were positioned geometrically, with C—H = 0.93 and 0.96 Å for aryl and methyl H, respectively and constrained to ride on their parent atoms, with Uiso(H) = xUeq(C, O), where x = 1.5 for methyl and 1.2 for all other H atoms.
Isocoumarins are
derived from acetate pathway, which are structurally related to but with inverted lactone ring. shows a wide range of applications and biological activities including anti-cancer (Varanda et al., 2004), anti-tumor (Hill et al., 1986) etc.The title compound (I, Fig. 1) is an intermediate towards the synthesis of substituted homophthallic acid that is a precursor for the synthesis of isocoumarins.
The ctystal structures of (II) 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (Sarma & Nagaraju 2000), (III) 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid (Prince et al., 1991) have been reported. The title compound contains both of these moieties.
The O-atoms of nito groups are disordered over two sets of sites with occupancy ratio of 0.595 (16):0.405 (16). Due to this disorder the H-atoms of CH3 and OH groups are also disordered with same occupancy ratio. The title compound consist of conventional carboxylate dimers (Fig. 2). The benzene ring A (C1–C6) and carboxyl group B (O1/C7/O2) are oriented at a dihedral angle of 23.82 (15)°. The disordered nitro groups C (O3A/N1/O4A), D (O3B/N1/O4B), E (O5A/N2/O6A) and F (O5B/N1/O6B) are certainly planar. The values of dihedral angles for C/E and D/F are 57 (1) and 76 (1)°, respectively. The molecules are stabilized due to H-bondings and C—H···π interactions (Table 1).
For general background to
see: Hill (1986); Varanda et al. (2004). For related structures, see: Prince et al. (1991); Sarma & Nagaraju (2000). Cg1 is the centroid of the C1–C6 benzene ring.Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2007); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2007); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. View of (I) with the atom numbering scheme having atoms of greater occupancy ratio. The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H-atoms are shown by small circles of arbitrary radii. | |
Fig. 2. View of (I) with the atom numbering scheme having atoms of smaller occupancy ratio. The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H-atoms are shown by small circles of arbitrary radii. | |
Fig. 3. The partial packing of (I), which shows that molecules form inversion dimers. |
C8H6N2O6 | F(000) = 928 |
Mr = 226.15 | Dx = 1.631 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 2019 reflections |
a = 26.8441 (16) Å | θ = 3.0–27.1° |
b = 5.1044 (3) Å | µ = 0.14 mm−1 |
c = 13.8853 (10) Å | T = 296 K |
β = 104.544 (3)° | Needle, yellow |
V = 1841.6 (2) Å3 | 0.28 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
Z = 8 |
Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2019 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1626 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.025 |
Detector resolution: 7.60 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 27.1°, θmin = 3.0° |
ω scans | h = −34→21 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | k = −6→6 |
Tmin = 0.985, Tmax = 0.987 | l = −16→17 |
8618 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.098 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.07 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0466P)2 + 0.7672P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2019 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
189 parameters | Δρmax = 0.22 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
C8H6N2O6 | V = 1841.6 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 226.15 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 26.8441 (16) Å | µ = 0.14 mm−1 |
b = 5.1044 (3) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 13.8853 (10) Å | 0.28 × 0.09 × 0.08 mm |
β = 104.544 (3)° |
Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD diffractometer | 2019 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 1626 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.985, Tmax = 0.987 | Rint = 0.025 |
8618 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.098 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.07 | Δρmax = 0.22 e Å−3 |
2019 reflections | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
189 parameters |
Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
O1 | 0.01701 (4) | 0.2581 (2) | 0.43564 (8) | 0.0512 (3) | |
O2 | 0.05404 (4) | −0.13177 (19) | 0.47311 (8) | 0.0478 (3) | |
O3A | 0.2288 (4) | −0.200 (2) | 0.3383 (8) | 0.083 (2) | 0.595 (16) |
O4A | 0.2604 (2) | 0.1735 (16) | 0.3731 (8) | 0.0879 (18) | 0.595 (16) |
O5A | 0.1204 (4) | 0.696 (2) | 0.1252 (9) | 0.082 (3) | 0.595 (16) |
O6A | 0.0510 (4) | 0.781 (2) | 0.1802 (7) | 0.0573 (14) | 0.595 (16) |
N1 | 0.22362 (4) | 0.0323 (3) | 0.35244 (10) | 0.0497 (4) | |
N2 | 0.09302 (5) | 0.6426 (3) | 0.17734 (9) | 0.0485 (4) | |
C1 | 0.09152 (4) | 0.1704 (2) | 0.38137 (9) | 0.0325 (3) | |
C2 | 0.14060 (4) | 0.0536 (2) | 0.39970 (9) | 0.0335 (3) | |
C3 | 0.17128 (4) | 0.1421 (3) | 0.33837 (10) | 0.0367 (4) | |
C4 | 0.15720 (5) | 0.3269 (3) | 0.26482 (10) | 0.0399 (4) | |
C5 | 0.10921 (5) | 0.4375 (3) | 0.25252 (9) | 0.0371 (4) | |
C6 | 0.07666 (4) | 0.3649 (3) | 0.31037 (9) | 0.0360 (4) | |
C7 | 0.05193 (4) | 0.0909 (3) | 0.43530 (9) | 0.0346 (4) | |
C8 | 0.16097 (5) | −0.1411 (3) | 0.48095 (11) | 0.0448 (4) | |
O4B | 0.2566 (3) | 0.149 (3) | 0.4132 (8) | 0.084 (3) | 0.405 (16) |
O5B | 0.0598 (5) | 0.750 (3) | 0.1754 (11) | 0.061 (2) | 0.405 (16) |
O6B | 0.1179 (7) | 0.655 (3) | 0.1105 (11) | 0.061 (2) | 0.405 (16) |
O3B | 0.2269 (6) | −0.152 (3) | 0.3038 (13) | 0.094 (4) | 0.405 (16) |
H8B | 0.15619 | −0.07488 | 0.54272 | 0.0672* | 0.595 (16) |
H8C | 0.19697 | −0.16935 | 0.48691 | 0.0672* | 0.595 (16) |
H8A | 0.14278 | −0.30373 | 0.46522 | 0.0672* | 0.595 (16) |
H1 | −0.0046 (14) | 0.209 (6) | 0.465 (2) | 0.0614* | 0.595 (16) |
H4 | 0.17896 | 0.37504 | 0.22525 | 0.0479* | |
H6 | 0.04484 | 0.44612 | 0.30177 | 0.0432* | |
H2 | 0.0315 (19) | −0.169 (9) | 0.498 (4) | 0.0614* | 0.405 (16) |
H8D | 0.19134 | −0.07189 | 0.52575 | 0.0672* | 0.405 (16) |
H8E | 0.16930 | −0.30148 | 0.45242 | 0.0672* | 0.405 (16) |
H8F | 0.13531 | −0.17459 | 0.51669 | 0.0672* | 0.405 (16) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0444 (5) | 0.0495 (6) | 0.0706 (7) | 0.0066 (4) | 0.0349 (5) | 0.0127 (5) |
O2 | 0.0450 (5) | 0.0407 (5) | 0.0658 (7) | −0.0019 (4) | 0.0293 (5) | 0.0092 (5) |
O3A | 0.058 (2) | 0.064 (3) | 0.121 (5) | 0.0211 (19) | 0.012 (3) | −0.014 (3) |
O4A | 0.0343 (13) | 0.091 (2) | 0.142 (5) | −0.0100 (13) | 0.029 (3) | −0.005 (3) |
O5A | 0.068 (3) | 0.114 (5) | 0.071 (5) | −0.004 (3) | 0.031 (3) | 0.051 (4) |
O6A | 0.052 (3) | 0.060 (2) | 0.061 (2) | 0.027 (2) | 0.016 (2) | 0.0131 (16) |
N1 | 0.0356 (6) | 0.0591 (8) | 0.0593 (8) | 0.0035 (6) | 0.0213 (6) | 0.0073 (7) |
N2 | 0.0488 (7) | 0.0541 (7) | 0.0416 (7) | −0.0018 (6) | 0.0093 (6) | 0.0104 (6) |
C1 | 0.0303 (6) | 0.0364 (6) | 0.0325 (6) | −0.0048 (5) | 0.0109 (5) | −0.0019 (5) |
C2 | 0.0315 (6) | 0.0354 (6) | 0.0345 (6) | −0.0036 (5) | 0.0100 (5) | −0.0024 (5) |
C3 | 0.0295 (6) | 0.0424 (7) | 0.0401 (7) | −0.0005 (5) | 0.0124 (5) | −0.0016 (6) |
C4 | 0.0364 (6) | 0.0489 (8) | 0.0388 (7) | −0.0063 (6) | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0012 (6) |
C5 | 0.0374 (6) | 0.0421 (7) | 0.0320 (6) | −0.0034 (5) | 0.0089 (5) | 0.0039 (5) |
C6 | 0.0300 (6) | 0.0414 (7) | 0.0368 (7) | −0.0013 (5) | 0.0090 (5) | −0.0003 (5) |
C7 | 0.0316 (6) | 0.0369 (6) | 0.0376 (7) | −0.0031 (5) | 0.0128 (5) | −0.0007 (5) |
C8 | 0.0416 (7) | 0.0468 (8) | 0.0466 (8) | 0.0033 (6) | 0.0124 (6) | 0.0089 (6) |
O4B | 0.029 (3) | 0.115 (5) | 0.102 (5) | 0.000 (3) | 0.005 (3) | −0.011 (4) |
O5B | 0.064 (5) | 0.068 (4) | 0.064 (3) | 0.046 (3) | 0.039 (3) | 0.032 (3) |
O6B | 0.075 (5) | 0.075 (3) | 0.040 (2) | 0.020 (3) | 0.027 (2) | 0.017 (2) |
O3B | 0.070 (5) | 0.074 (6) | 0.152 (10) | 0.020 (3) | 0.053 (6) | −0.025 (6) |
O1—C7 | 1.2686 (17) | C1—C6 | 1.3854 (18) |
O2—C7 | 1.2473 (18) | C1—C7 | 1.5015 (16) |
O3A—N1 | 1.216 (10) | C2—C3 | 1.3999 (17) |
O3B—N1 | 1.174 (16) | C2—C8 | 1.4999 (19) |
O4A—N1 | 1.198 (7) | C3—C4 | 1.372 (2) |
O4B—N1 | 1.215 (12) | C4—C5 | 1.377 (2) |
O5A—N2 | 1.186 (12) | C5—C6 | 1.3779 (18) |
O5B—N2 | 1.041 (14) | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
O6A—N2 | 1.340 (11) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
O6B—N2 | 1.274 (17) | C8—H8A | 0.9600 |
O1—H1 | 0.83 (4) | C8—H8B | 0.9600 |
O2—H2 | 0.79 (5) | C8—H8C | 0.9600 |
N1—C3 | 1.4794 (17) | C8—H8D | 0.9600 |
N2—C5 | 1.465 (2) | C8—H8E | 0.9600 |
C1—C2 | 1.4098 (16) | C8—H8F | 0.9600 |
C7—O1—H1 | 114 (2) | C4—C5—C6 | 121.86 (13) |
C7—O2—H2 | 116 (3) | N2—C5—C4 | 118.82 (12) |
O4A—N1—C3 | 120.1 (4) | N2—C5—C6 | 119.31 (12) |
O3B—N1—C3 | 115.7 (8) | C1—C6—C5 | 119.75 (11) |
O3A—N1—C3 | 119.5 (5) | O2—C7—C1 | 119.55 (11) |
O3B—N1—O4B | 130.2 (10) | O1—C7—O2 | 124.54 (12) |
O4B—N1—C3 | 114.1 (6) | O1—C7—C1 | 115.86 (12) |
O3A—N1—O4A | 120.3 (6) | C3—C4—H4 | 122.00 |
O5A—N2—O6A | 123.5 (7) | C5—C4—H4 | 122.00 |
O5B—N2—C5 | 119.6 (8) | C1—C6—H6 | 120.00 |
O6B—N2—C5 | 116.0 (7) | C5—C6—H6 | 120.00 |
O5B—N2—O6B | 123.9 (11) | C2—C8—H8A | 109.00 |
O6A—N2—C5 | 117.2 (4) | C2—C8—H8B | 109.00 |
O5A—N2—C5 | 118.7 (5) | C2—C8—H8C | 109.00 |
C2—C1—C7 | 122.82 (10) | C2—C8—H8D | 109.00 |
C2—C1—C6 | 121.37 (10) | C2—C8—H8E | 109.00 |
C6—C1—C7 | 115.80 (10) | C2—C8—H8F | 109.00 |
C3—C2—C8 | 120.82 (11) | H8A—C8—H8B | 109.00 |
C1—C2—C8 | 124.31 (11) | H8A—C8—H8C | 109.00 |
C1—C2—C3 | 114.81 (11) | H8B—C8—H8C | 109.00 |
N1—C3—C2 | 118.80 (12) | H8D—C8—H8E | 109.00 |
N1—C3—C4 | 115.71 (12) | H8D—C8—H8F | 109.00 |
C2—C3—C4 | 125.49 (12) | H8E—C8—H8F | 109.00 |
C3—C4—C5 | 116.64 (12) | ||
O3A—N1—C3—C2 | 63.2 (6) | C2—C1—C7—O1 | 158.86 (11) |
O3A—N1—C3—C4 | −117.2 (6) | C2—C1—C7—O2 | −23.53 (18) |
O4A—N1—C3—C2 | −120.3 (6) | C6—C1—C7—O1 | −22.16 (17) |
O4A—N1—C3—C4 | 59.4 (6) | C6—C1—C7—O2 | 155.46 (12) |
O5A—N2—C5—C4 | 4.6 (6) | C1—C2—C3—N1 | 179.58 (12) |
O5A—N2—C5—C6 | −176.9 (6) | C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.1 (2) |
O6A—N2—C5—C4 | −167.3 (5) | C8—C2—C3—N1 | 2.39 (19) |
O6A—N2—C5—C6 | 11.2 (5) | C8—C2—C3—C4 | −177.24 (14) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −2.47 (17) | N1—C3—C4—C5 | −178.07 (13) |
C6—C1—C2—C8 | 174.61 (12) | C2—C3—C4—C5 | 1.6 (2) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | 176.46 (12) | C3—C4—C5—N2 | 177.87 (13) |
C7—C1—C2—C8 | −6.46 (18) | C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.6 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 3.43 (19) | N2—C5—C6—C1 | 179.73 (12) |
C7—C1—C6—C5 | −175.58 (12) | C4—C5—C6—C1 | −1.8 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···O2i | 0.83 (4) | 1.80 (4) | 2.6216 (16) | 175 (3) |
C8—H8B···O5Aii | 0.96 | 2.55 | 3.385 (11) | 145 |
C8—H8C···O3A | 0.96 | 2.43 | 3.023 (11) | 120 |
C8—H8A···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.96 | 3.781 (2) | 144 |
C8—H8E···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.96 | 3.781 (2) | 144 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y, −z+1; (ii) x, −y+1, z+1/2; (iii) x, y−1, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C8H6N2O6 |
Mr | 226.15 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 26.8441 (16), 5.1044 (3), 13.8853 (10) |
β (°) | 104.544 (3) |
V (Å3) | 1841.6 (2) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.14 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.28 × 0.09 × 0.08 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker Kappa APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.985, 0.987 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 8618, 2019, 1626 |
Rint | 0.025 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.641 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.035, 0.098, 1.07 |
No. of reflections | 2019 |
No. of parameters | 189 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.22, −0.17 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2007), SAINT (Bruker, 2007), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and PLATON (Spek, 2009), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···O2i | 0.83 (4) | 1.80 (4) | 2.6216 (16) | 175 (3) |
C8—H8B···O5Aii | 0.96 | 2.55 | 3.385 (11) | 145 |
C8—H8C···O3A | 0.96 | 2.43 | 3.023 (11) | 120 |
C8—H8A···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.96 | 3.781 (2) | 144 |
C8—H8E···Cg1iii | 0.96 | 2.96 | 3.781 (2) | 144 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y, −z+1; (ii) x, −y+1, z+1/2; (iii) x, y−1, z. |
References
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Isocoumarins are secondary metabolites, derived from acetate pathway, which are structurally related to coumarins but with inverted lactone ring. Isocoumarins shows a wide range of applications and biological activities including anti-cancer (Varanda et al., 2004), anti-tumor (Hill et al., 1986) etc.
The title compound (I, Fig. 1) is an intermediate towards the synthesis of substituted homophthallic acid that is a precursor for the synthesis of isocoumarins.
The ctystal structures of (II) 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (Sarma & Nagaraju 2000), (III) 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic acid (Prince et al., 1991) have been reported. The title compound contains both of these moieties.
The O-atoms of nito groups are disordered over two sets of sites with occupancy ratio of 0.595 (16):0.405 (16). Due to this disorder the H-atoms of CH3 and OH groups are also disordered with same occupancy ratio. The title compound consist of conventional carboxylate dimers (Fig. 2). The benzene ring A (C1–C6) and carboxyl group B (O1/C7/O2) are oriented at a dihedral angle of 23.82 (15)°. The disordered nitro groups C (O3A/N1/O4A), D (O3B/N1/O4B), E (O5A/N2/O6A) and F (O5B/N1/O6B) are certainly planar. The values of dihedral angles for C/E and D/F are 57 (1) and 76 (1)°, respectively. The molecules are stabilized due to H-bondings and C—H···π interactions (Table 1).