organic compounds
(E)-1-Methyl-4-[2-(1-naphthyl)vinyl]pyridinium 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate†
aCrystal Materials Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, and bX-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: suchada.c@psu.ac.th
In the title compound, C18H16N+·C6H4ClO3S−, the cation exists in an E configuration with respect to the central C=C bond. The naphthalene ring system is slightly bent, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings being 3.71 (14)°. The whole cation is twisted, the dihedral angles between the pyridinium and the two aromatic rings of the naphthalene ring system being 47.44 (14) and 50.81 (14)°. The pyridinium ring and the benzene ring of the anion are inclined to each other at a dihedral angle of 68.21 (13)°. In the the cations and anions are arranged alternately with the cations stacked in an anti-parallel manner along the c axis and the anions linked into chains along the same direction. The cations are linked to the anions by weak C—H⋯O interactions, forming a three-dimensional network. The is further stabilized by C—H⋯π interactions and π–π contacts with centroid–centroid distances of 3.6374 (16) and 3.6733 (17) Å. A short Cl⋯O contact [3.108 (2) Å] is also present.
Related literature
For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987). For background to NLO materials, see: Amila et al. (2004); Babu et al. (2009); Chandramohan et al. (2008); Martin et al. (2002); Srinivasan et al. (2007); Yildiz et al. (2009). For related structures, see: Chantrapromma et al. (2007, 2009); Fun et al. (2009). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536809047734/is2479sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809047734/is2479Isup2.hkl
(E)-1-Methyl-4-(2-(naphthalen-1-yl)vinyl)pyridinium iodide (compound A)(0.22 g, 0.58 mmol) which was prepared according to the previous method (Fun et al., 2009) was mixed with silver 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate (Chantrapromma et al., 2007) (0.20 g, 0.58 mmol) in methanol (100 ml) and stirred for 0.5 h. The precipitate of silver iodide which formed was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated to give the title compound as a yellow solid. Yellow needle-shaped single crystals of the title compound suitable for x-ray
were recrystallized from methanol by slow evaporation at room temperature over a few weeks (m.p. 476-477 K).All H atoms were positioned geometrically and allowed to ride on their parent atoms, with d(C-H) = 0.93 Å for aromatic and CH and 0.96 Å for CH3 atoms. The Uiso(H) values were constrained to be 1.5Ueq of the
for methyl H atoms and 1.2Ueq for the remaining H atoms. A rotating group model was used for the methyl groups. The highest residual electron density peak is located at 0.80 Å from S1 and the deepest hole is located at 0.66 Å from C11.Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, with 50% probability displacement ellipsoids and the atom-numbering scheme. | |
Fig. 2. The crystal packing of the title compound viewed down the b axis. Weak C—H···O interactions are shown as dashed lines. |
C18H16N+·C6H4ClO3S− | Dx = 1.438 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 437.93 | Melting point = 476–477 K |
Orthorhombic, Pna21 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2c -2n | Cell parameters from 5881 reflections |
a = 12.3379 (8) Å | θ = 2.5–30.0° |
b = 21.8466 (16) Å | µ = 0.32 mm−1 |
c = 7.5032 (5) Å | T = 100 K |
V = 2022.4 (2) Å3 | Needle, yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.52 × 0.15 × 0.03 mm |
F(000) = 912 |
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 5881 independent reflections |
Radiation source: sealed tube | 5018 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.045 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 30.0°, θmin = 2.5° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | h = −17→17 |
Tmin = 0.852, Tmax = 0.990 | k = −25→30 |
26247 measured reflections | l = −10→10 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.050 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0563P)2 + 1.1415P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.03 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
5881 reflections | Δρmax = 0.79 e Å−3 |
272 parameters | Δρmin = −0.32 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 2716 Friedel pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: 0.01 (6) |
C18H16N+·C6H4ClO3S− | V = 2022.4 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 437.93 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, Pna21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 12.3379 (8) Å | µ = 0.32 mm−1 |
b = 21.8466 (16) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 7.5032 (5) Å | 0.52 × 0.15 × 0.03 mm |
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 5881 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 5018 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.852, Tmax = 0.990 | Rint = 0.045 |
26247 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.050 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.119 | Δρmax = 0.79 e Å−3 |
S = 1.03 | Δρmin = −0.32 e Å−3 |
5881 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 2716 Friedel pairs |
272 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: 0.01 (6) |
1 restraint |
Experimental. The crystal was placed in the cold stream of an Oxford Cryosystems Cobra open-flow nitrogen cryostat (Cosier & Glazer, 1986) operating at 100.0 (1) K. |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Cl1 | −0.09030 (5) | 0.23662 (3) | 0.30957 (10) | 0.02946 (15) | |
S1 | 0.22593 (4) | 0.33346 (2) | 0.90465 (9) | 0.01933 (12) | |
O1 | 0.15823 (14) | 0.35562 (10) | 1.0481 (3) | 0.0330 (5) | |
O2 | 0.28543 (16) | 0.27849 (8) | 0.9519 (3) | 0.0334 (5) | |
O3 | 0.29257 (15) | 0.37986 (9) | 0.8218 (3) | 0.0345 (5) | |
N1 | 1.27331 (16) | 0.61843 (10) | 0.6247 (3) | 0.0254 (5) | |
C1 | 0.8387 (2) | 0.39813 (12) | 0.5753 (4) | 0.0285 (6) | |
H1A | 0.9051 | 0.3871 | 0.5262 | 0.034* | |
C2 | 0.7561 (2) | 0.35470 (13) | 0.5858 (4) | 0.0329 (6) | |
H2A | 0.7677 | 0.3153 | 0.5428 | 0.040* | |
C3 | 0.6593 (2) | 0.36949 (13) | 0.6579 (4) | 0.0329 (6) | |
H3A | 0.6043 | 0.3404 | 0.6621 | 0.040* | |
C4 | 0.6405 (2) | 0.42940 (13) | 0.7278 (4) | 0.0285 (6) | |
C5 | 0.5414 (2) | 0.44348 (13) | 0.8145 (4) | 0.0331 (6) | |
H5A | 0.4872 | 0.4140 | 0.8209 | 0.040* | |
C6 | 0.5245 (2) | 0.49983 (14) | 0.8888 (4) | 0.0346 (6) | |
H6A | 0.4606 | 0.5079 | 0.9502 | 0.042* | |
C7 | 0.6038 (2) | 0.54547 (13) | 0.8719 (4) | 0.0347 (7) | |
H7A | 0.5909 | 0.5842 | 0.9191 | 0.042* | |
C8 | 0.7004 (2) | 0.53381 (12) | 0.7868 (4) | 0.0307 (6) | |
H8A | 0.7517 | 0.5647 | 0.7753 | 0.037* | |
C9 | 0.7219 (2) | 0.47452 (12) | 0.7161 (4) | 0.0254 (5) | |
C10 | 0.8240 (2) | 0.45755 (12) | 0.6368 (4) | 0.0270 (6) | |
C11 | 0.9108 (2) | 0.50246 (12) | 0.6253 (4) | 0.0269 (6) | |
H11A | 0.8919 | 0.5431 | 0.6063 | 0.032* | |
C12 | 1.0164 (2) | 0.48887 (12) | 0.6404 (4) | 0.0287 (6) | |
H12A | 1.0349 | 0.4482 | 0.6602 | 0.034* | |
C13 | 1.1056 (2) | 0.53391 (12) | 0.6279 (4) | 0.0246 (5) | |
C14 | 1.09004 (19) | 0.59384 (11) | 0.5685 (4) | 0.0237 (5) | |
H14A | 1.0217 | 0.6060 | 0.5300 | 0.028* | |
C15 | 1.17418 (19) | 0.63513 (11) | 0.5659 (4) | 0.0226 (5) | |
H15A | 1.1628 | 0.6746 | 0.5236 | 0.027* | |
C16 | 1.2913 (2) | 0.56030 (14) | 0.6814 (4) | 0.0295 (6) | |
H16A | 1.3602 | 0.5492 | 0.7195 | 0.035* | |
C17 | 1.2101 (2) | 0.51791 (13) | 0.6835 (4) | 0.0262 (5) | |
H17A | 1.2243 | 0.4782 | 0.7220 | 0.031* | |
C18 | 1.3610 (2) | 0.66379 (14) | 0.6319 (5) | 0.0351 (7) | |
H18A | 1.3364 | 0.7016 | 0.5810 | 0.053* | |
H18B | 1.4222 | 0.6490 | 0.5657 | 0.053* | |
H18C | 1.3817 | 0.6704 | 0.7537 | 0.053* | |
C19 | 0.15667 (19) | 0.31883 (11) | 0.5567 (4) | 0.0236 (5) | |
H19A | 0.2191 | 0.3400 | 0.5250 | 0.028* | |
C20 | 0.0877 (2) | 0.29687 (11) | 0.4251 (4) | 0.0252 (5) | |
H20A | 0.1034 | 0.3034 | 0.3053 | 0.030* | |
C21 | −0.0051 (2) | 0.26499 (11) | 0.4749 (4) | 0.0243 (5) | |
C22 | −0.03135 (19) | 0.25634 (12) | 0.6525 (4) | 0.0243 (5) | |
H22A | −0.0946 | 0.2358 | 0.6839 | 0.029* | |
C23 | 0.03806 (19) | 0.27873 (11) | 0.7836 (4) | 0.0218 (5) | |
H23A | 0.0212 | 0.2733 | 0.9034 | 0.026* | |
C24 | 0.13284 (19) | 0.30930 (11) | 0.7354 (3) | 0.0200 (5) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cl1 | 0.0291 (3) | 0.0304 (3) | 0.0289 (3) | 0.0041 (2) | −0.0085 (3) | −0.0063 (3) |
S1 | 0.0201 (2) | 0.0166 (2) | 0.0212 (3) | 0.0019 (2) | 0.0004 (2) | 0.0021 (2) |
O1 | 0.0269 (9) | 0.0453 (11) | 0.0269 (11) | 0.0013 (8) | −0.0008 (8) | −0.0109 (10) |
O2 | 0.0385 (11) | 0.0259 (9) | 0.0359 (12) | 0.0103 (8) | −0.0144 (9) | −0.0033 (8) |
O3 | 0.0330 (9) | 0.0374 (11) | 0.0330 (11) | −0.0125 (8) | −0.0062 (9) | 0.0090 (10) |
N1 | 0.0193 (9) | 0.0272 (11) | 0.0296 (12) | −0.0021 (8) | 0.0001 (9) | −0.0025 (9) |
C1 | 0.0293 (12) | 0.0293 (13) | 0.0268 (14) | 0.0079 (10) | −0.0029 (11) | −0.0006 (12) |
C2 | 0.0407 (15) | 0.0218 (12) | 0.0362 (17) | −0.0005 (11) | −0.0091 (13) | −0.0015 (12) |
C3 | 0.0385 (15) | 0.0263 (13) | 0.0340 (17) | −0.0031 (11) | −0.0076 (13) | 0.0042 (12) |
C4 | 0.0308 (12) | 0.0292 (13) | 0.0256 (14) | 0.0020 (11) | −0.0024 (11) | 0.0058 (11) |
C5 | 0.0294 (12) | 0.0393 (15) | 0.0305 (15) | −0.0015 (11) | −0.0047 (13) | 0.0090 (14) |
C6 | 0.0268 (12) | 0.0488 (16) | 0.0283 (15) | 0.0093 (12) | 0.0010 (13) | 0.0068 (14) |
C7 | 0.0346 (13) | 0.0322 (14) | 0.0374 (17) | 0.0130 (11) | −0.0045 (12) | −0.0006 (13) |
C8 | 0.0294 (12) | 0.0215 (12) | 0.0413 (17) | 0.0039 (10) | −0.0046 (12) | 0.0033 (12) |
C9 | 0.0264 (12) | 0.0246 (12) | 0.0252 (14) | 0.0019 (10) | 0.0000 (11) | 0.0050 (11) |
C10 | 0.0265 (12) | 0.0220 (12) | 0.0325 (15) | −0.0011 (10) | −0.0055 (11) | 0.0016 (11) |
C11 | 0.0285 (12) | 0.0227 (12) | 0.0297 (15) | −0.0004 (10) | 0.0006 (11) | 0.0013 (11) |
C12 | 0.0322 (13) | 0.0228 (13) | 0.0313 (16) | 0.0018 (10) | −0.0036 (12) | 0.0014 (11) |
C13 | 0.0248 (11) | 0.0215 (11) | 0.0274 (14) | 0.0027 (9) | 0.0025 (11) | −0.0030 (10) |
C14 | 0.0203 (10) | 0.0222 (11) | 0.0285 (14) | 0.0013 (9) | 0.0043 (10) | −0.0010 (11) |
C15 | 0.0226 (11) | 0.0215 (11) | 0.0239 (13) | 0.0011 (9) | 0.0037 (10) | 0.0019 (10) |
C16 | 0.0255 (12) | 0.0361 (15) | 0.0268 (14) | 0.0087 (11) | −0.0039 (11) | −0.0023 (12) |
C17 | 0.0303 (13) | 0.0250 (12) | 0.0233 (13) | 0.0046 (10) | 0.0035 (11) | 0.0021 (10) |
C18 | 0.0219 (12) | 0.0359 (15) | 0.0475 (19) | −0.0072 (11) | −0.0005 (12) | −0.0064 (14) |
C19 | 0.0233 (11) | 0.0217 (11) | 0.0256 (13) | −0.0005 (9) | −0.0004 (10) | 0.0017 (10) |
C20 | 0.0305 (12) | 0.0242 (12) | 0.0210 (13) | 0.0039 (9) | 0.0011 (11) | 0.0013 (11) |
C21 | 0.0243 (11) | 0.0210 (11) | 0.0277 (14) | 0.0038 (9) | −0.0066 (10) | −0.0020 (10) |
C22 | 0.0204 (11) | 0.0245 (12) | 0.0280 (14) | 0.0005 (9) | −0.0020 (10) | 0.0013 (11) |
C23 | 0.0215 (10) | 0.0212 (11) | 0.0226 (14) | 0.0026 (9) | 0.0005 (10) | 0.0003 (10) |
C24 | 0.0206 (10) | 0.0182 (11) | 0.0211 (12) | 0.0024 (9) | −0.0007 (9) | 0.0021 (9) |
Cl1—C21 | 1.740 (3) | C10—C11 | 1.455 (4) |
S1—O1 | 1.446 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.341 (4) |
S1—O3 | 1.446 (2) | C11—H11A | 0.9300 |
S1—O2 | 1.4514 (18) | C12—C13 | 1.480 (4) |
S1—C24 | 1.792 (3) | C12—H12A | 0.9300 |
N1—C15 | 1.350 (3) | C13—C14 | 1.396 (4) |
N1—C16 | 1.358 (4) | C13—C17 | 1.400 (4) |
N1—C18 | 1.468 (3) | C14—C15 | 1.375 (3) |
C1—C10 | 1.389 (4) | C14—H14A | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.395 (4) | C15—H15A | 0.9300 |
C1—H1A | 0.9300 | C16—C17 | 1.364 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.351 (4) | C16—H16A | 0.9300 |
C2—H2A | 0.9300 | C17—H17A | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.429 (4) | C18—H18A | 0.9600 |
C3—H3A | 0.9300 | C18—H18B | 0.9600 |
C4—C9 | 1.410 (4) | C18—H18C | 0.9600 |
C4—C5 | 1.419 (4) | C19—C24 | 1.388 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.367 (4) | C19—C20 | 1.389 (4) |
C5—H5A | 0.9300 | C19—H19A | 0.9300 |
C6—C7 | 1.402 (4) | C20—C21 | 1.392 (4) |
C6—H6A | 0.9300 | C20—H20A | 0.9300 |
C7—C8 | 1.376 (4) | C21—C22 | 1.384 (4) |
C7—H7A | 0.9300 | C22—C23 | 1.393 (4) |
C8—C9 | 1.425 (4) | C22—H22A | 0.9300 |
C8—H8A | 0.9300 | C23—C24 | 1.395 (3) |
C9—C10 | 1.441 (4) | C23—H23A | 0.9300 |
O1—S1—O3 | 114.45 (13) | C11—C12—C13 | 124.8 (2) |
O1—S1—O2 | 112.79 (13) | C11—C12—H12A | 117.6 |
O3—S1—O2 | 113.43 (12) | C13—C12—H12A | 117.6 |
O1—S1—C24 | 104.83 (11) | C14—C13—C17 | 117.1 (2) |
O3—S1—C24 | 105.43 (12) | C14—C13—C12 | 122.8 (2) |
O2—S1—C24 | 104.70 (11) | C17—C13—C12 | 120.0 (2) |
C15—N1—C16 | 120.2 (2) | C15—C14—C13 | 121.0 (2) |
C15—N1—C18 | 119.8 (2) | C15—C14—H14A | 119.5 |
C16—N1—C18 | 120.0 (2) | C13—C14—H14A | 119.5 |
C10—C1—C2 | 121.4 (3) | N1—C15—C14 | 120.1 (2) |
C10—C1—H1A | 119.3 | N1—C15—H15A | 119.9 |
C2—C1—H1A | 119.3 | C14—C15—H15A | 119.9 |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.4 (3) | N1—C16—C17 | 121.2 (2) |
C3—C2—H2A | 119.8 | N1—C16—H16A | 119.4 |
C1—C2—H2A | 119.8 | C17—C16—H16A | 119.4 |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.6 (3) | C16—C17—C13 | 120.2 (2) |
C2—C3—H3A | 119.7 | C16—C17—H17A | 119.9 |
C4—C3—H3A | 119.7 | C13—C17—H17A | 119.9 |
C9—C4—C5 | 119.4 (3) | N1—C18—H18A | 109.5 |
C9—C4—C3 | 120.2 (3) | N1—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.4 (3) | H18A—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.9 (3) | N1—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5A | 119.6 | H18A—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H5A | 119.6 | H18B—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
C5—C6—C7 | 119.8 (3) | C24—C19—C20 | 120.3 (2) |
C5—C6—H6A | 120.1 | C24—C19—H19A | 119.8 |
C7—C6—H6A | 120.1 | C20—C19—H19A | 119.8 |
C8—C7—C6 | 120.9 (3) | C19—C20—C21 | 119.1 (3) |
C8—C7—H7A | 119.5 | C19—C20—H20A | 120.5 |
C6—C7—H7A | 119.5 | C21—C20—H20A | 120.5 |
C7—C8—C9 | 120.2 (3) | C22—C21—C20 | 121.3 (2) |
C7—C8—H8A | 119.9 | C22—C21—Cl1 | 119.7 (2) |
C9—C8—H8A | 119.9 | C20—C21—Cl1 | 119.0 (2) |
C4—C9—C8 | 118.6 (2) | C21—C22—C23 | 119.2 (2) |
C4—C9—C10 | 117.9 (2) | C21—C22—H22A | 120.4 |
C8—C9—C10 | 123.4 (2) | C23—C22—H22A | 120.4 |
C1—C10—C9 | 119.4 (2) | C22—C23—C24 | 120.0 (3) |
C1—C10—C11 | 121.0 (3) | C22—C23—H23A | 120.0 |
C9—C10—C11 | 119.6 (2) | C24—C23—H23A | 120.0 |
C12—C11—C10 | 124.1 (2) | C19—C24—C23 | 120.0 (2) |
C12—C11—H11A | 118.0 | C19—C24—S1 | 120.30 (18) |
C10—C11—H11A | 118.0 | C23—C24—S1 | 119.6 (2) |
C10—C1—C2—C3 | −0.5 (5) | C17—C13—C14—C15 | −0.3 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.2 (5) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | 177.2 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C9 | 2.4 (4) | C16—N1—C15—C14 | 2.0 (4) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −175.6 (3) | C18—N1—C15—C14 | −176.2 (3) |
C9—C4—C5—C6 | −0.9 (4) | C13—C14—C15—N1 | −1.3 (4) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 177.1 (3) | C15—N1—C16—C17 | −1.1 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | 3.1 (5) | C18—N1—C16—C17 | 177.1 (3) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −2.2 (5) | N1—C16—C17—C13 | −0.5 (5) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −0.9 (5) | C14—C13—C17—C16 | 1.2 (4) |
C5—C4—C9—C8 | −2.1 (4) | C12—C13—C17—C16 | −176.4 (3) |
C3—C4—C9—C8 | 179.8 (3) | C24—C19—C20—C21 | −0.3 (4) |
C5—C4—C9—C10 | 176.3 (3) | C19—C20—C21—C22 | 1.8 (4) |
C3—C4—C9—C10 | −1.8 (4) | C19—C20—C21—Cl1 | −179.12 (19) |
C7—C8—C9—C4 | 3.0 (4) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | −1.6 (4) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −175.3 (3) | Cl1—C21—C22—C23 | 179.36 (18) |
C2—C1—C10—C9 | 1.1 (4) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | −0.2 (4) |
C2—C1—C10—C11 | 180.0 (3) | C20—C19—C24—C23 | −1.4 (4) |
C4—C9—C10—C1 | 0.1 (4) | C20—C19—C24—S1 | 176.12 (18) |
C8—C9—C10—C1 | 178.4 (3) | C22—C23—C24—C19 | 1.7 (4) |
C4—C9—C10—C11 | −178.8 (3) | C22—C23—C24—S1 | −175.90 (18) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.5 (4) | O1—S1—C24—C19 | 142.5 (2) |
C1—C10—C11—C12 | −33.3 (4) | O3—S1—C24—C19 | 21.3 (2) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 145.6 (3) | O2—S1—C24—C19 | −98.6 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—C13 | 179.6 (3) | O1—S1—C24—C23 | −40.0 (2) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | −11.4 (5) | O3—S1—C24—C23 | −161.1 (2) |
C11—C12—C13—C17 | 166.1 (3) | O2—S1—C24—C23 | 79.0 (2) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C5—H5A···O3 | 0.93 | 2.51 | 3.370 (3) | 153 |
C11—H11A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.34 | 3.267 (3) | 178 |
C14—H14A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.38 | 3.260 (3) | 158 |
C15—H15A···O2ii | 0.93 | 2.42 | 3.285 (3) | 155 |
C17—H17A···O3iii | 0.93 | 2.43 | 3.348 (3) | 171 |
C18—H18A···O2ii | 0.96 | 2.45 | 3.372 (4) | 160 |
C20—H20A···O1iv | 0.93 | 2.34 | 3.226 (4) | 159 |
C22—H22A···O2v | 0.93 | 2.52 | 3.277 (3) | 139 |
C1—H1A···Cg4iii | 0.93 | 2.98 | 3.682 (3) | 133 |
C3—H3A···Cg4vi | 0.93 | 2.87 | 3.651 (3) | 142 |
C6—H6A···Cg3vii | 0.93 | 2.82 | 3.593 (3) | 141 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, z−1/2; (ii) −x+3/2, y+1/2, z−1/2; (iii) x+1, y, z; (iv) x, y, z−1; (v) x−1/2, −y+1/2, z; (vi) x+1/2, −y+1/2, z; (vii) −x+1, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C18H16N+·C6H4ClO3S− |
Mr | 437.93 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pna21 |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 12.3379 (8), 21.8466 (16), 7.5032 (5) |
V (Å3) | 2022.4 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.32 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.52 × 0.15 × 0.03 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.852, 0.990 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 26247, 5881, 5018 |
Rint | 0.045 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.703 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.050, 0.119, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 5881 |
No. of parameters | 272 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.79, −0.32 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), 2716 Friedel pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | 0.01 (6) |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C5—H5A···O3 | 0.93 | 2.51 | 3.370 (3) | 153 |
C11—H11A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.34 | 3.267 (3) | 178 |
C14—H14A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.38 | 3.260 (3) | 158 |
C15—H15A···O2ii | 0.93 | 2.42 | 3.285 (3) | 155 |
C17—H17A···O3iii | 0.93 | 2.43 | 3.348 (3) | 171 |
C18—H18A···O2ii | 0.96 | 2.45 | 3.372 (4) | 160 |
C20—H20A···O1iv | 0.93 | 2.34 | 3.226 (4) | 159 |
C22—H22A···O2v | 0.93 | 2.52 | 3.277 (3) | 139 |
C1—H1A···Cg4iii | 0.93 | 2.98 | 3.682 (3) | 133 |
C3—H3A···Cg4vi | 0.93 | 2.87 | 3.651 (3) | 142 |
C6—H6A···Cg3vii | 0.93 | 2.82 | 3.593 (3) | 141 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, z−1/2; (ii) −x+3/2, y+1/2, z−1/2; (iii) x+1, y, z; (iv) x, y, z−1; (v) x−1/2, −y+1/2, z; (vi) x+1/2, −y+1/2, z; (vii) −x+1, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Footnotes
†This paper is dedicated to the late His Royal Highness King Chulalongkorn (King Rama V) of Thailand for his numerous reforms to modernize the country on the occasion of Chulalongkorn Day (Piyamaharaj Day) which fell on the 23rd October.
‡Thomson Reuters ResearcherID: A-5085-2009.
§Additional correspondence author, e-mail: hkfun@usm.my. Thomson Reuters ResearcherID: A-3561-2009.
Acknowledgements
KC thanks the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST) for a study grant. Partial financial support from the Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University, is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank the Prince of Songkla University for financial support through the Crystal Materials Research Unit, and the Malaysian Government and Universiti Sains Malaysia for the Research University Golden Goose grant No. 1001/PFIZIK/811012.
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A variety of compounds have been investigated for their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties due to the important applications of such materials in the domain of opto-electronics and photonics (Amila et al., 2004; Chandramohan et al., 2008; Martin et al., 2002; Srinivasan et al., 2007). During the course of our NLO materials research, we found that styryl and napthalenyl are suitable units to be applied for NLO compounds and we have previously synthesized and reported the crystal structure of the NLO pyridinium salt containing these two units i.e. (E)-1-methyl-4-(2-(naphthalen-1-yl)vinyl)pyridinium 4-bromobenzenesulfonate [compound (I); Chantrapromma et al., 2009]. With the aim to investigate the influence of the anion counter part to NLO properties, the title compound (II) was synthesized by changing the 4-bromobenzenesulfonate anionic counter part in compound (I) to the 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate. The title compound (II) crystallizes in the orthorhombic non-centrosymmetric space group Pna21 [same as compound (I)] therefore it should exhibit second-order nonlinear optical properties according to the literature knowledge (Babu et al., 2009; Yildiz et al., 2009).
Figure 1 shows the asymmetric unit of (II) which consists of a C18H16N+ cation and a C6H4ClO3S- anion. The cation exists in an E configuration with respect to the C11═C12 double bond [1.341 (4) Å] and the torsion angle C10–C11–C12–C13 is 179.6 (3)°. The naphthalenyl moiety is slightly bent which can be reflected by the dihedral angle between the two aromatic C1–C4/C9–C10 and C4–C9 rings being 3.68 (14)° [the corresponding value is 5.0 (5)° for major component and 5.7 (10)° for minor component in compound (I) which is a disordered structure; Chantrapromma et al., 2009]. The whole molecule of cation is twisted with dihedral angles between the pyridinium and the two aromatic C1–C4/C9–C10 and C4–C9 rings being 47.44 (14) and 50.81 (14)°, respectively [56.3 (5) and 51.4 (5)° for major component and 52.2 (11) and 53.4 (11)° for minor component in compound (I); Chantrapromma et al., 2009]. The orientation of the ethenyl unit can be described as atom C11 lies on the same plane with naphthalenyl moiety with the rms deviation of 0.028 (3) Å whereas atom C12 lies on the same plane with the pyridinium ring with the rms deviation of 0.017 (3) Å and the torsion angles C8–C9–C10–C11 of -0.5 (4)° and C11–C12–C13–C17 of -11.4 (5)°. The cation and anion are inclined to each other with a dihedral angle of 68.21 (13)° between the pyridinium and C19–C24 rings [the corresponding value is 85.0 (4)° for major component and 71.5 (9)° for minor component in compound (I); Chantrapromma et al., 2009]. The bond lengths in (II) are in normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987) and comparable to the closely related structures (Chantrapromma et al., 2009; Fun et al., 2009).
In the crystal packing (Fig. 2), all O atoms of the sulfonate group are involved in weak C—H···O interactions (Table 1). The cations and anions are alternately arranged with the cations stacked in an antiparallel manner along the c axis and the anions linked together into chains along the same direction. The cations are linked to the anions by weak C—H···O interactions (Table 1) forming a 3D network. The crystal structure is further stabilized by C—H···π interactions (Table 1). π···π interactions with the distances Cg1···Cg2 = 3.6733 (17) Å and Cg1···Cg3 = 3.6374 (16) Å are also observed (symmetry code for both Cg···Cg interactions: 2-x, 1-y,-1/2+z); Cg1, Cg2, Cg3 and Cg4 are the centroids of the N1/C13–C17, C1–C4/C9–C10, C4–C9 and C19–C24 rings, respectively. A short Cl1···O2 [3.108 (2) Å] contact is also present.