organic compounds
1-Butylquinine tetrafluoroborate
aLaboratoire de Synthèse Organique Asymétrique et Catalyse Homogène (01UR1201), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Avenue de l'Environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia, bInstitut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles-CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France, and cChopinrode 8, 2717 BK Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
*Correspondence e-mail: bechirbenhassine@yahoo.fr
In the title salt (2S,4S,8R)-1-butyl-2-[(R)-(hydroxy)(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methyl]-8-vinylquinuclidin-1-ium tetrafluoroborate, C24H33N2O2+·BF4−, the butyl substituent at the 1-position is in an equatorial conformation with respect to the unsubstituted six-membered ring and the four butyl C atoms are almost coplanar with the ring N and vinyl C atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.046 Å). In the crystal, the cations are linked by O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The F atoms of the tetrafluoroborate group are disordered over two sets of site with an occupancy raitio of 0.552 (8):0.448 (8).
Related literature
For the crystal structures of similar 1-butylquinine tetrafluoroborate derivatives, see: Dijkstra et al. (1989); Samas et al. (2005). For applications of quinine salts, see: Thierry et al. (2001, 2003). For graph-set notation, see: Bernstein et al. (1994). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and CrystalBuilder (Welter, 2006); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009) and Mercury (Bruno et al., 2004); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809054907/bx2256sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536809054907/bx2256Isup2.hkl
Quinine and 1-bromobutane (1.1 equiv) were dissolved in acetonitrile and refluxed overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated and 1-butylquinine bromide was purified to 95% being washed with ethyl acetate. The desired 1-Butylquinine tetrafluoroborate,[BQ]BF4, was then produced by
with NaBF4 (1.2 equiv) in biphasic CH2Cl2/H2O mixture. The reaction mixture was stirred for a further 24 h. The mixture was then extracted with CH2Cl2 and the organic phase was dried over MgSO4. The solvent evaporation method was used to grow [BQ]BF4 crystals in dichloromethane at room temperature. The product is a colorless single-crystal which is air stable (m.p.197- 199 °C).All H atoms attached to C or O atoms were placed in calculated positions (C—H = 0.95–1.00 Å; O—H = 0.84 Å (hydroxyl)) and allowed to ride on their parent atoms, with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(Caromatic or vinyl) or Uiso(H) =1.5Ueq(Cothers, O). 3007 Friedel opposites were merged
The overall utility of asymmetric catalysts can be compared by examining three main criteria: 1) the variety of reactions that the catalyst can promote, 2) the availability of both enantiomeric antipodes of the catalyst at a reasonable price, and 3) the stability of the catalyst.
and quaternary ammonium salt fulfill all of these criteria. They make them one of the most useful catalysts to date. can be transformed to quaternary ammonium salt in one or two steps. Chiral 1-butylquinine cation was reacted with BF4- leading to a new salt. The latter could serve as a chiral catalyst for different asymmetric reactions.The X-ray structure shows that the boron atom presents statistically two types of tetrahedral environments: E1 and E2 with occupancy rates of 55.2% and 44.8%, respectively. The first environment (E1), which consists of F1A, F2A, F3A and F4, is strongly distorted as indicated by the B—F bond lengths varying from 1.324 (5) and 1.468 (5) Å and F—B—F scattering from 99.9 (8) and 123.3 (8)°. The second environment (E2), which consists of F1B, F2B, F3B and F4, is also very distorted as revealed by the B—F distance ranging from 1.298 (5) and 1.437 (5) Å and the F—B—F angles included between 95.5 (7) and 120.3 (8)°.
Regarding the cation, the quinine skeleton displays atomic parameters, which are comparable to those of the forty-two derivatives already deposited at the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.30, September 2009 update), Allen, 2002, Mogul, Version 1.1.3; Bruno et al., 2004). It commonly adopts the open conformation III described in solution by Dijkstra et al.,1989, and in which the butyl-substituted quinuclidine nitrogen, N1, turns away from the quinoline ring and is oriented in the same direction as the methoxy oxygen. The torsion angles, which best characterized the overall shape, C12—C11—C10—O1 and, O1—C10 —C1— C2, are -22.6 (4)° and 45.8 (3)°, respectively. The butyl substituent at N1 is in equatorial conformation with respect to the six-membered ring C3/C7—N1 and the four butyl atoms are almost coplanar with N1—C20/C23 (r.m.s. deviation of 0.046 Å), and parallel to the [001] direction.
In the
molecules are mainly linked by intermolecular O—H···N hydrogen bonds into helical chains running along a crystallographic 21 axis at y=1/4 position in the a-axis direction with graph-set notation C(7) (Bernstein et al. (1994). The stability of the chains also benefits from the tilted superimposition of adjacent quinolin moieties with dihedral angle of 36.2 (4)° and shortest centroid distance of 4.162 (5) Å.For the crystal structures of similar 1-butylquinine tetrafluoroborate derivatives, see: Dijkstra et al. (1989); Samas et al. (2005). For applications of quinine salts, see: Thierry et al. (2001, 2003). For graph-set notation, see: Bernstein et al. (1994). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and CrystalBuilder (Welter, 2006); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009) and Mercury (Bruno et al., 2004); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).C24H33N2O2+·BF4− | Dx = 1.340 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 468.33 | Melting point: 198 K |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 312 reflections |
a = 8.041 (8) Å | θ = 2.4–23.5° |
b = 12.597 (12) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
c = 22.91 (2) Å | T = 120 K |
V = 2321 (4) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.60 × 0.20 × 0.15 mm |
F(000) = 992 |
Bruker Kappa-APEX DUO diffractometer | 3968 independent reflections |
Radiation source: sealed tube | 2957 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.072 |
Detector resolution: 8.3333 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 30.5°, θmin = 1.8° |
φ and ω scans | h = −6→11 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | k = −17→17 |
Tmin = 0.885, Tmax = 0.982 | l = −32→32 |
25415 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.063 | Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map |
wR(F2) = 0.156 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0531P)2 + 2.384P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3968 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
329 parameters | Δρmax = 0.36 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.38 e Å−3 |
0 constraints |
C24H33N2O2+·BF4− | V = 2321 (4) Å3 |
Mr = 468.33 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 8.041 (8) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
b = 12.597 (12) Å | T = 120 K |
c = 22.91 (2) Å | 0.60 × 0.20 × 0.15 mm |
Bruker Kappa-APEX DUO diffractometer | 3968 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | 2957 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.885, Tmax = 0.982 | Rint = 0.072 |
25415 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.063 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.156 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.06 | Δρmax = 0.36 e Å−3 |
3968 reflections | Δρmin = −0.38 e Å−3 |
329 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
C23 | 0.6730 (6) | 0.0069 (3) | 0.38114 (15) | 0.0356 (10) | |
H23A | 0.6159 | −0.0618 | 0.3825 | 0.053* | |
H23B | 0.6274 | 0.0537 | 0.4113 | 0.053* | |
H23C | 0.7922 | −0.0037 | 0.3880 | 0.053* | |
O1 | 0.4684 (3) | 0.02693 (17) | 0.06488 (9) | 0.0199 (5) | |
H1O | 0.3809 | 0.0582 | 0.0546 | 0.030* | |
O2 | 0.7800 (4) | 0.42741 (19) | 0.21386 (10) | 0.0322 (7) | |
C9 | 1.1983 (7) | −0.2286 (4) | 0.0729 (2) | 0.0533 (13) | |
H9A | 1.1473 | −0.2966 | 0.0725 | 0.064* | |
H9B | 1.3072 | −0.2197 | 0.0577 | 0.064* | |
C22 | 0.6473 (6) | 0.0576 (3) | 0.32091 (13) | 0.0287 (8) | |
H22A | 0.5272 | 0.0701 | 0.3143 | 0.034* | |
H22B | 0.7048 | 0.1271 | 0.3195 | 0.034* | |
N2 | 0.6884 (4) | 0.3676 (2) | −0.02267 (11) | 0.0217 (6) | |
C10 | 0.5780 (4) | 0.1006 (2) | 0.09150 (12) | 0.0158 (6) | |
H10 | 0.5270 | 0.1271 | 0.1285 | 0.019* | |
N1 | 0.7366 (4) | −0.0274 (2) | 0.16071 (10) | 0.0166 (5) | |
C24 | 0.7511 (5) | 0.3433 (3) | 0.25445 (13) | 0.0256 (8) | |
H24A | 0.6405 | 0.3129 | 0.2477 | 0.038* | |
H24B | 0.7573 | 0.3711 | 0.2943 | 0.038* | |
H24C | 0.8357 | 0.2881 | 0.2492 | 0.038* | |
C17 | 0.7533 (5) | 0.4053 (2) | 0.15683 (14) | 0.0228 (7) | |
C16 | 0.6980 (5) | 0.3092 (2) | 0.13639 (13) | 0.0189 (6) | |
H16 | 0.6765 | 0.2531 | 0.1631 | 0.023* | |
C15 | 0.6724 (4) | 0.2928 (2) | 0.07579 (12) | 0.0162 (6) | |
C11 | 0.6174 (4) | 0.1949 (2) | 0.05190 (12) | 0.0167 (6) | |
C1 | 0.7426 (4) | 0.0434 (2) | 0.10566 (11) | 0.0153 (6) | |
H1 | 0.8281 | 0.0995 | 0.1129 | 0.018* | |
C2 | 0.8059 (5) | −0.0253 (3) | 0.05386 (13) | 0.0205 (7) | |
H2A | 0.7304 | −0.0168 | 0.0201 | 0.025* | |
H2B | 0.9181 | −0.0012 | 0.0420 | 0.025* | |
C3 | 0.8128 (5) | −0.1425 (2) | 0.07171 (14) | 0.0220 (7) | |
H3 | 0.8413 | −0.1873 | 0.0371 | 0.026* | |
C6 | 0.9446 (4) | −0.1570 (2) | 0.11938 (13) | 0.0198 (7) | |
H6 | 0.9325 | −0.2300 | 0.1359 | 0.024* | |
C8 | 1.1178 (5) | −0.1465 (3) | 0.09467 (14) | 0.0263 (8) | |
H8 | 1.1703 | −0.0789 | 0.0948 | 0.032* | |
C21 | 0.7152 (5) | −0.0141 (3) | 0.27310 (13) | 0.0249 (8) | |
H21A | 0.6534 | −0.0821 | 0.2728 | 0.030* | |
H21B | 0.8339 | −0.0298 | 0.2807 | 0.030* | |
C20 | 0.6969 (5) | 0.0408 (2) | 0.21390 (12) | 0.0200 (7) | |
H20A | 0.5811 | 0.0667 | 0.2102 | 0.024* | |
H20B | 0.7708 | 0.1037 | 0.2134 | 0.024* | |
C18 | 0.7836 (5) | 0.4904 (3) | 0.11797 (16) | 0.0280 (8) | |
H18 | 0.8210 | 0.5568 | 0.1325 | 0.034* | |
C19 | 0.7590 (5) | 0.4769 (2) | 0.05954 (15) | 0.0236 (7) | |
H19 | 0.7789 | 0.5344 | 0.0337 | 0.028* | |
C14 | 0.7041 (4) | 0.3780 (2) | 0.03679 (13) | 0.0186 (6) | |
C13 | 0.6389 (5) | 0.2759 (3) | −0.04317 (13) | 0.0221 (7) | |
H13 | 0.6283 | 0.2685 | −0.0843 | 0.027* | |
C12 | 0.6002 (4) | 0.1872 (3) | −0.00788 (12) | 0.0195 (7) | |
H12 | 0.5627 | 0.1229 | −0.0252 | 0.023* | |
C4 | 0.6443 (5) | −0.1761 (3) | 0.09637 (16) | 0.0286 (8) | |
H4A | 0.6440 | −0.2535 | 0.1039 | 0.034* | |
H4B | 0.5555 | −0.1602 | 0.0678 | 0.034* | |
C5 | 0.6115 (5) | −0.1157 (3) | 0.15346 (14) | 0.0231 (7) | |
H5A | 0.4977 | −0.0857 | 0.1529 | 0.028* | |
H5B | 0.6195 | −0.1652 | 0.1869 | 0.028* | |
C7 | 0.9085 (4) | −0.0766 (2) | 0.16817 (13) | 0.0183 (6) | |
H7A | 0.9148 | −0.1127 | 0.2065 | 0.022* | |
H7B | 0.9938 | −0.0200 | 0.1675 | 0.022* | |
B1 | 0.2102 (6) | 0.1749 (3) | 0.21354 (18) | 0.0298 (10) | |
F4 | 0.2425 (5) | 0.0825 (2) | 0.18461 (12) | 0.0708 (11) | |
F1A | 0.3521 (8) | 0.2072 (5) | 0.2369 (4) | 0.078 (3) | 0.552 (8) |
F2A | 0.1287 (7) | 0.2640 (4) | 0.18703 (19) | 0.0410 (15) | 0.552 (8) |
F3A | 0.0935 (13) | 0.1528 (5) | 0.2613 (3) | 0.085 (3) | 0.552 (8) |
F1B | 0.3276 (11) | 0.2428 (5) | 0.1845 (4) | 0.066 (3) | 0.448 (8) |
F2B | 0.0631 (9) | 0.1900 (7) | 0.1900 (3) | 0.056 (3) | 0.448 (8) |
F3B | 0.2247 (13) | 0.1795 (5) | 0.2699 (3) | 0.049 (2) | 0.448 (8) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C23 | 0.045 (3) | 0.045 (2) | 0.0171 (15) | −0.006 (2) | 0.0005 (16) | 0.0078 (14) |
O1 | 0.0225 (14) | 0.0132 (10) | 0.0241 (11) | −0.0040 (10) | −0.0072 (10) | 0.0040 (8) |
O2 | 0.0489 (19) | 0.0218 (12) | 0.0258 (12) | −0.0070 (12) | −0.0034 (12) | −0.0064 (9) |
C9 | 0.034 (3) | 0.069 (3) | 0.058 (3) | 0.004 (3) | 0.003 (2) | −0.028 (3) |
C22 | 0.039 (2) | 0.0311 (18) | 0.0162 (14) | 0.0057 (17) | 0.0041 (14) | 0.0043 (12) |
N2 | 0.0248 (17) | 0.0199 (13) | 0.0202 (12) | 0.0009 (12) | 0.0044 (11) | 0.0079 (10) |
C10 | 0.0197 (18) | 0.0124 (13) | 0.0151 (12) | −0.0009 (12) | 0.0003 (12) | 0.0043 (10) |
N1 | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0138 (11) | 0.0144 (11) | 0.0030 (11) | 0.0001 (10) | 0.0030 (9) |
C24 | 0.027 (2) | 0.0300 (18) | 0.0200 (14) | −0.0028 (15) | −0.0006 (14) | −0.0055 (12) |
C17 | 0.029 (2) | 0.0153 (14) | 0.0237 (15) | 0.0020 (14) | 0.0013 (14) | −0.0024 (11) |
C16 | 0.0259 (19) | 0.0134 (13) | 0.0175 (13) | 0.0022 (13) | −0.0005 (12) | 0.0025 (10) |
C15 | 0.0202 (18) | 0.0123 (13) | 0.0159 (13) | 0.0011 (12) | 0.0007 (12) | 0.0029 (10) |
C11 | 0.0194 (18) | 0.0142 (14) | 0.0166 (13) | 0.0017 (13) | 0.0007 (12) | 0.0032 (10) |
C1 | 0.0217 (18) | 0.0132 (13) | 0.0111 (11) | −0.0020 (12) | 0.0001 (11) | 0.0037 (9) |
C2 | 0.0266 (19) | 0.0202 (14) | 0.0148 (13) | 0.0042 (14) | 0.0012 (12) | −0.0007 (11) |
C3 | 0.027 (2) | 0.0144 (14) | 0.0244 (15) | −0.0011 (14) | −0.0011 (14) | −0.0042 (11) |
C6 | 0.0255 (19) | 0.0110 (13) | 0.0228 (14) | 0.0019 (12) | 0.0020 (14) | −0.0001 (11) |
C8 | 0.028 (2) | 0.0289 (17) | 0.0221 (15) | −0.0003 (16) | −0.0015 (14) | −0.0016 (13) |
C21 | 0.035 (2) | 0.0229 (16) | 0.0172 (14) | 0.0070 (15) | −0.0005 (14) | 0.0069 (11) |
C20 | 0.0296 (19) | 0.0160 (14) | 0.0144 (12) | 0.0069 (13) | 0.0020 (13) | 0.0019 (10) |
C18 | 0.037 (2) | 0.0119 (14) | 0.0348 (18) | −0.0024 (14) | 0.0053 (17) | −0.0017 (12) |
C19 | 0.028 (2) | 0.0117 (14) | 0.0311 (16) | −0.0004 (14) | 0.0078 (15) | 0.0041 (11) |
C14 | 0.0201 (18) | 0.0139 (13) | 0.0218 (14) | 0.0017 (13) | 0.0041 (12) | 0.0053 (10) |
C13 | 0.025 (2) | 0.0260 (16) | 0.0153 (13) | −0.0010 (14) | 0.0009 (13) | 0.0078 (12) |
C12 | 0.0227 (19) | 0.0191 (14) | 0.0167 (13) | −0.0005 (13) | −0.0007 (12) | 0.0022 (11) |
C4 | 0.031 (2) | 0.0164 (15) | 0.0379 (19) | −0.0060 (14) | −0.0064 (16) | −0.0028 (13) |
C5 | 0.027 (2) | 0.0158 (14) | 0.0269 (15) | −0.0038 (14) | −0.0017 (14) | 0.0062 (12) |
C7 | 0.0183 (18) | 0.0165 (14) | 0.0201 (14) | 0.0031 (13) | −0.0019 (12) | 0.0018 (11) |
B1 | 0.041 (3) | 0.0181 (17) | 0.0301 (19) | −0.0058 (18) | −0.0086 (19) | 0.0032 (14) |
F4 | 0.108 (3) | 0.0438 (15) | 0.0606 (17) | −0.0434 (18) | 0.0418 (18) | −0.0335 (13) |
F1A | 0.046 (4) | 0.046 (3) | 0.142 (8) | 0.018 (3) | −0.054 (5) | −0.054 (5) |
F2A | 0.059 (4) | 0.025 (2) | 0.039 (2) | 0.007 (2) | −0.009 (2) | 0.0031 (17) |
F3A | 0.120 (8) | 0.058 (4) | 0.077 (5) | 0.052 (5) | 0.068 (5) | 0.036 (3) |
F1B | 0.069 (6) | 0.022 (3) | 0.106 (7) | −0.026 (3) | 0.051 (5) | −0.020 (3) |
F2B | 0.037 (4) | 0.084 (7) | 0.046 (3) | 0.027 (4) | −0.006 (3) | −0.008 (4) |
F3B | 0.077 (7) | 0.043 (3) | 0.026 (3) | 0.014 (4) | −0.013 (3) | −0.015 (2) |
C23—C22 | 1.535 (5) | C1—C2 | 1.555 (4) |
C23—H23A | 0.9800 | C1—H1 | 1.0000 |
C23—H23B | 0.9800 | C2—C3 | 1.533 (5) |
C23—H23C | 0.9800 | C2—H2A | 0.9900 |
O1—C10 | 1.417 (4) | C2—H2B | 0.9900 |
O1—H1O | 0.8400 | C3—C4 | 1.528 (6) |
O2—C17 | 1.353 (4) | C3—C6 | 1.533 (5) |
O2—C24 | 1.429 (4) | C3—H3 | 1.0000 |
C9—C8 | 1.317 (6) | C6—C8 | 1.509 (5) |
C9—H9A | 0.9500 | C6—C7 | 1.536 (4) |
C9—H9B | 0.9500 | C6—H6 | 1.0000 |
C22—C21 | 1.522 (5) | C8—H8 | 0.9500 |
C22—H22A | 0.9900 | C21—C20 | 1.530 (4) |
C22—H22B | 0.9900 | C21—H21A | 0.9900 |
N2—C13 | 1.310 (5) | C21—H21B | 0.9900 |
N2—C14 | 1.374 (4) | C20—H20A | 0.9900 |
C10—C11 | 1.528 (4) | C20—H20B | 0.9900 |
C10—C1 | 1.541 (5) | C18—C19 | 1.364 (5) |
C10—H10 | 1.0000 | C18—H18 | 0.9500 |
N1—C5 | 1.509 (4) | C19—C14 | 1.421 (5) |
N1—C7 | 1.524 (4) | C19—H19 | 0.9500 |
N1—C20 | 1.525 (4) | C13—C12 | 1.414 (4) |
N1—C1 | 1.545 (4) | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C24—H24A | 0.9800 | C12—H12 | 0.9500 |
C24—H24B | 0.9800 | C4—C5 | 1.536 (5) |
C24—H24C | 0.9800 | C4—H4A | 0.9900 |
C17—C16 | 1.372 (4) | C4—H4B | 0.9900 |
C17—C18 | 1.415 (5) | C5—H5A | 0.9900 |
C16—C15 | 1.419 (4) | C5—H5B | 0.9900 |
C16—H16 | 0.9500 | C7—H7A | 0.9900 |
C15—C14 | 1.419 (4) | C7—H7B | 0.9900 |
C15—C11 | 1.421 (4) | B1—F4 | 1.364 (5) |
C11—C12 | 1.380 (4) | ||
C17—O2—C24 | 116.7 (3) | C8—C6—C7 | 112.9 (3) |
C8—C9—H9A | 120.0 | C3—C6—C7 | 108.0 (3) |
C8—C9—H9B | 120.0 | C8—C6—H6 | 108.2 |
H9A—C9—H9B | 120.0 | C3—C6—H6 | 108.2 |
C21—C22—C23 | 110.6 (3) | C7—C6—H6 | 108.2 |
C21—C22—H22A | 109.5 | C9—C8—C6 | 121.8 (4) |
C23—C22—H22A | 109.5 | C9—C8—H8 | 119.1 |
C21—C22—H22B | 109.5 | C6—C8—H8 | 119.1 |
C23—C22—H22B | 109.5 | C22—C21—C20 | 109.6 (3) |
H22A—C22—H22B | 108.1 | C22—C21—H21A | 109.8 |
C13—N2—C14 | 117.8 (3) | C20—C21—H21A | 109.8 |
O1—C10—C11 | 112.5 (2) | C22—C21—H21B | 109.8 |
O1—C10—C1 | 108.6 (2) | C20—C21—H21B | 109.8 |
C11—C10—C1 | 108.1 (3) | H21A—C21—H21B | 108.2 |
O1—C10—H10 | 109.2 | N1—C20—C21 | 115.7 (2) |
C11—C10—H10 | 109.2 | N1—C20—H20A | 108.4 |
C1—C10—H10 | 109.2 | C21—C20—H20A | 108.4 |
C5—N1—C7 | 108.5 (2) | N1—C20—H20B | 108.4 |
C5—N1—C20 | 111.3 (3) | C21—C20—H20B | 108.4 |
C7—N1—C20 | 109.2 (2) | H20A—C20—H20B | 107.4 |
C5—N1—C1 | 110.9 (2) | C19—C18—C17 | 119.9 (3) |
C7—N1—C1 | 107.4 (2) | C19—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
C20—N1—C1 | 109.5 (2) | C17—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
O2—C17—C16 | 124.3 (3) | C18—C19—C14 | 121.0 (3) |
O2—C17—C18 | 115.1 (3) | C18—C19—H19 | 119.5 |
C16—C17—C18 | 120.6 (3) | C14—C19—H19 | 119.5 |
C17—C16—C15 | 120.6 (3) | N2—C14—C15 | 122.4 (3) |
C17—C16—H16 | 119.7 | N2—C14—C19 | 118.4 (3) |
C15—C16—H16 | 119.7 | C15—C14—C19 | 119.2 (3) |
C16—C15—C14 | 118.7 (3) | N2—C13—C12 | 124.0 (3) |
C16—C15—C11 | 123.3 (3) | N2—C13—H13 | 118.0 |
C14—C15—C11 | 118.0 (3) | C12—C13—H13 | 118.0 |
C12—C11—C15 | 118.3 (3) | C11—C12—C13 | 119.4 (3) |
C12—C11—C10 | 120.9 (3) | C11—C12—H12 | 120.3 |
C15—C11—C10 | 120.7 (3) | C13—C12—H12 | 120.3 |
C10—C1—N1 | 114.5 (3) | C3—C4—C5 | 109.3 (3) |
C10—C1—C2 | 112.4 (2) | C3—C4—H4A | 109.8 |
N1—C1—C2 | 108.2 (2) | C5—C4—H4A | 109.8 |
C10—C1—H1 | 107.1 | C3—C4—H4B | 109.8 |
N1—C1—H1 | 107.1 | C5—C4—H4B | 109.8 |
C2—C1—H1 | 107.1 | H4A—C4—H4B | 108.3 |
C3—C2—C1 | 110.2 (3) | N1—C5—C4 | 110.2 (3) |
C3—C2—H2A | 109.6 | N1—C5—H5A | 109.6 |
C1—C2—H2A | 109.6 | C4—C5—H5A | 109.6 |
C3—C2—H2B | 109.6 | N1—C5—H5B | 109.6 |
C1—C2—H2B | 109.6 | C4—C5—H5B | 109.6 |
H2A—C2—H2B | 108.1 | H5A—C5—H5B | 108.1 |
C4—C3—C6 | 108.5 (3) | N1—C7—C6 | 111.0 (3) |
C4—C3—C2 | 109.4 (3) | N1—C7—H7A | 109.4 |
C6—C3—C2 | 109.3 (3) | C6—C7—H7A | 109.4 |
C4—C3—H3 | 109.9 | N1—C7—H7B | 109.4 |
C6—C3—H3 | 109.9 | C6—C7—H7B | 109.4 |
C2—C3—H3 | 109.9 | H7A—C7—H7B | 108.0 |
C8—C6—C3 | 111.1 (3) | ||
C24—O2—C17—C16 | 1.4 (6) | C7—C6—C8—C9 | 150.3 (4) |
C24—O2—C17—C18 | −179.9 (3) | C23—C22—C21—C20 | −176.9 (3) |
O2—C17—C16—C15 | 179.7 (4) | C5—N1—C20—C21 | 66.9 (4) |
C18—C17—C16—C15 | 1.0 (6) | C7—N1—C20—C21 | −52.9 (4) |
C17—C16—C15—C14 | −0.4 (5) | C1—N1—C20—C21 | −170.2 (3) |
C17—C16—C15—C11 | 179.2 (3) | C22—C21—C20—N1 | −171.6 (3) |
C16—C15—C11—C12 | −178.6 (3) | O2—C17—C18—C19 | −179.4 (4) |
C14—C15—C11—C12 | 1.0 (5) | C16—C17—C18—C19 | −0.5 (6) |
C16—C15—C11—C10 | 1.5 (5) | C17—C18—C19—C14 | −0.4 (6) |
C14—C15—C11—C10 | −178.9 (3) | C13—N2—C14—C15 | 1.4 (5) |
O1—C10—C11—C12 | −22.6 (4) | C13—N2—C14—C19 | 179.5 (3) |
C1—C10—C11—C12 | 97.2 (4) | C16—C15—C14—N2 | 177.6 (3) |
O1—C10—C11—C15 | 157.3 (3) | C11—C15—C14—N2 | −2.1 (5) |
C1—C10—C11—C15 | −82.9 (4) | C16—C15—C14—C19 | −0.5 (5) |
O1—C10—C1—N1 | −78.1 (3) | C11—C15—C14—C19 | 179.9 (3) |
C11—C10—C1—N1 | 159.6 (2) | C18—C19—C14—N2 | −177.2 (4) |
O1—C10—C1—C2 | 45.8 (3) | C18—C19—C14—C15 | 0.9 (6) |
C11—C10—C1—C2 | −76.4 (3) | C14—N2—C13—C12 | 0.2 (6) |
C5—N1—C1—C10 | 62.0 (3) | C15—C11—C12—C13 | 0.5 (5) |
C7—N1—C1—C10 | −179.7 (2) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −179.6 (3) |
C20—N1—C1—C10 | −61.2 (3) | N2—C13—C12—C11 | −1.2 (6) |
C5—N1—C1—C2 | −64.1 (3) | C6—C3—C4—C5 | 53.4 (3) |
C7—N1—C1—C2 | 54.2 (3) | C2—C3—C4—C5 | −65.7 (3) |
C20—N1—C1—C2 | 172.7 (3) | C7—N1—C5—C4 | −65.4 (3) |
C10—C1—C2—C3 | −117.9 (3) | C20—N1—C5—C4 | 174.4 (3) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 9.5 (4) | C1—N1—C5—C4 | 52.2 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 53.0 (4) | C3—C4—C5—N1 | 11.5 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C6 | −65.7 (4) | C5—N1—C7—C6 | 51.3 (3) |
C4—C3—C6—C8 | 168.6 (3) | C20—N1—C7—C6 | 172.8 (2) |
C2—C3—C6—C8 | −72.2 (3) | C1—N1—C7—C6 | −68.5 (3) |
C4—C3—C6—C7 | −67.0 (3) | C8—C6—C7—N1 | 136.1 (3) |
C2—C3—C6—C7 | 52.2 (4) | C3—C6—C7—N1 | 12.8 (3) |
C3—C6—C8—C9 | −88.1 (4) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1O···N2i | 0.84 | 1.95 | 2.787 (4) | 174 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1/2, −y+1/2, −z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C24H33N2O2+·BF4− |
Mr | 468.33 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 120 |
a, b, c (Å) | 8.041 (8), 12.597 (12), 22.91 (2) |
V (Å3) | 2321 (4) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.11 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.60 × 0.20 × 0.15 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker Kappa-APEX DUO |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.885, 0.982 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 25415, 3968, 2957 |
Rint | 0.072 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.715 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.063, 0.156, 1.06 |
No. of reflections | 3968 |
No. of parameters | 329 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.36, −0.38 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008), SAINT (Bruker, 2008), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and CrystalBuilder (Welter, 2006), PLATON (Spek, 2009) and Mercury (Bruno et al., 2004), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1O···N2i | 0.84 | 1.95 | 2.787 (4) | 173.9 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1/2, −y+1/2, −z. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the DGRSRT (Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et de la Rénovation Technologique) of the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and Technology for financial support of this research.
References
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The overall utility of asymmetric catalysts can be compared by examining three main criteria: 1) the variety of reactions that the catalyst can promote, 2) the availability of both enantiomeric antipodes of the catalyst at a reasonable price, and 3) the stability of the catalyst. Alkaloids and quaternary ammonium salt fulfill all of these criteria. They make them one of the most useful catalysts to date. Alkaloids can be transformed to quaternary ammonium salt in one or two steps. Chiral 1-butylquinine cation was reacted with BF4- leading to a new salt. The latter could serve as a chiral catalyst for different asymmetric reactions.
The X-ray structure shows that the boron atom presents statistically two types of tetrahedral environments: E1 and E2 with occupancy rates of 55.2% and 44.8%, respectively. The first environment (E1), which consists of F1A, F2A, F3A and F4, is strongly distorted as indicated by the B—F bond lengths varying from 1.324 (5) and 1.468 (5) Å and F—B—F scattering from 99.9 (8) and 123.3 (8)°. The second environment (E2), which consists of F1B, F2B, F3B and F4, is also very distorted as revealed by the B—F distance ranging from 1.298 (5) and 1.437 (5) Å and the F—B—F angles included between 95.5 (7) and 120.3 (8)°.
Regarding the cation, the quinine skeleton displays atomic parameters, which are comparable to those of the forty-two derivatives already deposited at the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.30, September 2009 update), Allen, 2002, Mogul, Version 1.1.3; Bruno et al., 2004). It commonly adopts the open conformation III described in solution by Dijkstra et al.,1989, and in which the butyl-substituted quinuclidine nitrogen, N1, turns away from the quinoline ring and is oriented in the same direction as the methoxy oxygen. The torsion angles, which best characterized the overall shape, C12—C11—C10—O1 and, O1—C10 —C1— C2, are -22.6 (4)° and 45.8 (3)°, respectively. The butyl substituent at N1 is in equatorial conformation with respect to the six-membered ring C3/C7—N1 and the four butyl atoms are almost coplanar with N1—C20/C23 (r.m.s. deviation of 0.046 Å), and parallel to the [001] direction.
In the crystal structure, molecules are mainly linked by intermolecular O—H···N hydrogen bonds into helical chains running along a crystallographic 21 axis at y=1/4 position in the a-axis direction with graph-set notation C(7) (Bernstein et al. (1994). The stability of the chains also benefits from the tilted superimposition of adjacent quinolin moieties with dihedral angle of 36.2 (4)° and shortest centroid distance of 4.162 (5) Å.