organic compounds
2-Amino-3-nitropyridinium perchlorate
aLaboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna Bizerte, Tunisia, and bChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence e-mail: toumiakriche@yahoo.fr
The title compound, C5H6N3O2+·ClO4−, is comprised of discrete perchlorate anions and 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium cations. The anion has a typical tetrahedral geometry while the cation presents a nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.007 (8) Å] pyridinium ring. Undulating [C5H6N3O2+]n chains extending along the c-axis direction are linked via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The cations are further connected to the anions by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O interactions, leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network.
Related literature
For related structures, see: Akriche & Rzaigui (2000, 2009a,b,c); Nicoud et al. (1997). For details of hydrogen bonding, see: Steiner & Saenger (1994). For bond lengths in related structures, see: Aakeröy et al. (1998); Messai et al. (2009).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994); cell CAD-4 EXPRESS; data reduction: XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo, 1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2005); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810000425/pv2249sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810000425/pv2249Isup2.hkl
2-Amino-3-nitropyridine (4 mmol, 354 mg) was dissolved in a solution of perchloride acid (4 mmol in 20 ml water). The mixture was stirred for about 30 min at 333 K and evaporated in the air giving colorless block crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis.
H atoms were treated as riding, with C—H = 0.93 A ° and N—H = 0.86 A ° and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C or N). The atoms of the chlorate ion were refined using isotropic Uij restraints.
Salts of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine attracted more attention as non linear optical (NLO) materials after discovering the promising properties of 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium chloride (Nicoud et al.,1997). With the purpose of obtaining non-centrosymmetric crystals of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine salts, its interaction with various acids has been studied and we have elaborated a serie of new materials with this organic molecule (Akriche & Rzaigui, 2000; Akriche & Rzaigui, 2009a; 2009b; 2009c). In this paper, we describe the
of the title compound (I).The
of (I) is composed of a perchlorate anion and a 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium (2 A3NP) cation (Fig. 1). The anions are surrounded by two cations via hydrogen bonds which play an important role in stabilizing the (Fig. 2). In the one can distinguish the ondulated chains of the cations extending along the c axis. The adjacent cations are joined by the N2—H2B···O6 (Table 1) hydrogen bond with N···O distance of 2.917 (5) Å. The cations are also connected to the chlorate anions by hydrogen bonds, of the type N—H···O with N···O distances in the range 2.886 (5) - 2.969 (5) Å, and weak C5—H5···O3 interaction with C5···O3 separation 3.270 (5) Å (Fig. 2, Table 1). The C—H···O bonds have already been evidenced by several authors in molecular crystals (Steiner et al., 1994).The anion displays a typical tetrahedral geometry around Cl atom and the Cl···O distances compare well with previously reported values (Messai et al., 2009). The Cl—O bond distances and O—Cl—O bond angles (Table: Geometric parameters) confirm a tetrahedral conformation, similar to other perchlorates quoted above.
The pyridinium ring of the cation is nearly planar, with maximum deviation from planarity being 0.007 (8) Å for C1 atom. The diedral angle between the planes of the NO2 group and the pyridinium ring is 9.7 (2) ° indicating a deviation of the NO2 group from being co-planar with the ring since its oxygen atoms are involved in various types of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the C—NH2 (1.313 (5) Å) and C—NO2 (1.448 (5) Å) distances in the 2 A3NP cation are respectively shortened and lengthened with respect to the C—NH2 (1.337 (4) Å) and C—NO2 (1.429 (4) Å) observed in the π bond character in C—NH2 and a decrease in C—NO2. The bond lengths of cation in (I) are normal and comparable with the corresponding values observed in the related structure (Akriche & Rzaigui, 2000; Akriche & Rzaigui, 2009a; 2009b, 2009c).
of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine (Aakeröy et al., 1998). All the 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium cations hosted in various organic or inorganic matrices show the same changes in C—NH2 and C—NO2 distances, revealing a weak increase ofFor related structures, see: Akriche & Rzaigui (2000, 2009a,b,c); Nicoud et al. (1997). For hydrogen bonds, see: Steiner & Saenger (1994). For bond lengths in related structures, see: Aakeröy et al. (1998); Messai et al. (2009).
Data collection: CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994); cell
CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994); data reduction: XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo, 1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2005); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).Fig. 1. An ORTEP view of (I) with the atom-labelling scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H atoms are represented by spheres of arbitrary radii. Hydrogen bonds are represented as dashed lines. | |
Fig. 2. Projection of (I) down the a axis. The H-atoms not involved in H-bonding are omitted. |
C5H6N3O2+·ClO4− | F(000) = 488 |
Mr = 239.58 | Dx = 1.797 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 25 reflections |
a = 5.888 (2) Å | θ = 9–11° |
b = 18.342 (6) Å | µ = 0.45 mm−1 |
c = 9.170 (4) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 116.61 (3)° | Prism, colorless |
V = 885.3 (6) Å3 | 0.29 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
Z = 4 |
Enraf–Nonius TurboCAD-4 diffractometer | 1109 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.046 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 28.0°, θmin = 2.2° |
Non–profiled ω scans | h = −7→7 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995) | k = −24→0 |
Tmin = 0.725, Tmax = 1.101 | l = −11→12 |
3574 measured reflections | 2 standard reflections every 120 min |
2130 independent reflections | intensity decay: 1% |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.062 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.189 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.096P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2130 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
136 parameters | Δρmax = 0.52 e Å−3 |
66 restraints | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
C5H6N3O2+·ClO4− | V = 885.3 (6) Å3 |
Mr = 239.58 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.888 (2) Å | µ = 0.45 mm−1 |
b = 18.342 (6) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 9.170 (4) Å | 0.29 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
β = 116.61 (3)° |
Enraf–Nonius TurboCAD-4 diffractometer | 1109 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995) | Rint = 0.046 |
Tmin = 0.725, Tmax = 1.101 | 2 standard reflections every 120 min |
3574 measured reflections | intensity decay: 1% |
2130 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.062 | 66 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.189 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.52 e Å−3 |
2130 reflections | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
136 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.6409 (9) | 0.45343 (19) | 0.9234 (4) | 0.0967 (12) | |
O2 | 0.9810 (6) | 0.4058 (2) | 0.8940 (5) | 0.1130 (15) | |
O3 | 0.6657 (6) | 0.46634 (17) | 0.6814 (4) | 0.0750 (9) | |
O4 | 0.5876 (7) | 0.35339 (19) | 0.7581 (5) | 0.0970 (12) | |
N1 | 0.3798 (6) | 0.58877 (17) | 0.7702 (4) | 0.0563 (8) | |
H1 | 0.4836 | 0.5686 | 0.8602 | 0.068* | |
N2 | 0.7098 (6) | 0.6608 (2) | 0.7939 (4) | 0.0663 (10) | |
H2A | 0.8051 | 0.6381 | 0.8826 | 0.080* | |
H2B | 0.7720 | 0.6953 | 0.7592 | 0.080* | |
N3 | 0.3603 (7) | 0.73452 (18) | 0.4915 (4) | 0.0562 (9) | |
C1 | 0.4694 (7) | 0.6428 (2) | 0.7117 (4) | 0.0453 (9) | |
C2 | 0.2906 (7) | 0.67427 (18) | 0.5653 (4) | 0.0419 (8) | |
C3 | 0.0457 (7) | 0.6493 (2) | 0.4903 (5) | 0.0498 (9) | |
H3 | −0.0702 | 0.6705 | 0.3932 | 0.060* | |
C4 | −0.0302 (7) | 0.5927 (2) | 0.5582 (5) | 0.0544 (10) | |
H4 | −0.1957 | 0.5750 | 0.5077 | 0.065* | |
C5 | 0.1418 (9) | 0.5641 (2) | 0.6989 (5) | 0.0591 (11) | |
H5 | 0.0944 | 0.5265 | 0.7475 | 0.071* | |
O5 | 0.5840 (6) | 0.75060 (17) | 0.5457 (4) | 0.0767 (9) | |
O6 | 0.1928 (6) | 0.76632 (17) | 0.3776 (4) | 0.0757 (9) | |
Cl1 | 0.71827 (18) | 0.41956 (5) | 0.81544 (11) | 0.0530 (3) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.161 (4) | 0.083 (2) | 0.076 (2) | 0.040 (2) | 0.079 (2) | 0.0169 (19) |
O2 | 0.057 (2) | 0.133 (4) | 0.119 (3) | 0.022 (2) | 0.013 (2) | 0.029 (3) |
O3 | 0.090 (2) | 0.078 (2) | 0.0663 (19) | 0.0100 (17) | 0.0439 (17) | 0.0197 (16) |
O4 | 0.116 (3) | 0.066 (2) | 0.111 (3) | −0.024 (2) | 0.052 (2) | −0.009 (2) |
N1 | 0.068 (2) | 0.0509 (19) | 0.0523 (19) | 0.0097 (18) | 0.0286 (17) | 0.0124 (16) |
N2 | 0.048 (2) | 0.077 (3) | 0.065 (2) | 0.0020 (18) | 0.0174 (17) | 0.003 (2) |
N3 | 0.064 (2) | 0.0459 (19) | 0.070 (2) | 0.0006 (18) | 0.040 (2) | 0.0018 (17) |
C1 | 0.052 (2) | 0.044 (2) | 0.044 (2) | 0.0093 (17) | 0.0256 (18) | −0.0033 (16) |
C2 | 0.054 (2) | 0.0345 (17) | 0.048 (2) | 0.0019 (16) | 0.0320 (18) | −0.0017 (15) |
C3 | 0.051 (2) | 0.052 (2) | 0.046 (2) | 0.0064 (18) | 0.0219 (18) | 0.0028 (18) |
C4 | 0.053 (2) | 0.055 (2) | 0.062 (3) | −0.0066 (19) | 0.032 (2) | −0.004 (2) |
C5 | 0.078 (3) | 0.049 (2) | 0.065 (3) | −0.006 (2) | 0.045 (2) | 0.000 (2) |
O5 | 0.073 (2) | 0.067 (2) | 0.103 (2) | −0.0138 (18) | 0.0520 (19) | 0.0072 (18) |
O6 | 0.085 (2) | 0.064 (2) | 0.086 (2) | 0.0191 (18) | 0.0458 (19) | 0.0309 (18) |
Cl1 | 0.0554 (6) | 0.0519 (6) | 0.0498 (6) | 0.0047 (5) | 0.0219 (4) | 0.0041 (5) |
O1—Cl1 | 1.406 (3) | N3—O6 | 1.216 (4) |
O2—Cl1 | 1.406 (3) | N3—O5 | 1.218 (4) |
O3—Cl1 | 1.415 (3) | N3—C2 | 1.448 (5) |
O4—Cl1 | 1.407 (3) | C1—C2 | 1.406 (5) |
N1—C5 | 1.332 (5) | C2—C3 | 1.369 (5) |
N1—C1 | 1.343 (5) | C3—C4 | 1.384 (5) |
N1—H1 | 0.8600 | C3—H3 | 0.9300 |
N2—C1 | 1.313 (5) | C4—C5 | 1.339 (6) |
N2—H2A | 0.8600 | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
N2—H2B | 0.8600 | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
C5—N1—C1 | 124.8 (3) | C2—C3—C4 | 120.3 (4) |
C5—N1—H1 | 117.6 | C2—C3—H3 | 119.8 |
C1—N1—H1 | 117.6 | C4—C3—H3 | 119.8 |
C1—N2—H2A | 120.0 | C5—C4—C3 | 118.0 (4) |
C1—N2—H2B | 120.0 | C5—C4—H4 | 121.0 |
H2A—N2—H2B | 120.0 | C3—C4—H4 | 121.0 |
O6—N3—O5 | 123.1 (3) | N1—C5—C4 | 121.0 (4) |
O6—N3—C2 | 118.5 (3) | N1—C5—H5 | 119.5 |
O5—N3—C2 | 118.4 (3) | C4—C5—H5 | 119.5 |
N2—C1—N1 | 118.1 (4) | O2—Cl1—O1 | 110.3 (3) |
N2—C1—C2 | 126.8 (4) | O2—Cl1—O4 | 109.2 (3) |
N1—C1—C2 | 115.1 (3) | O1—Cl1—O4 | 110.4 (2) |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.8 (3) | O2—Cl1—O3 | 108.4 (2) |
C3—C2—N3 | 118.4 (3) | O1—Cl1—O3 | 109.26 (19) |
C1—C2—N3 | 120.8 (4) | O4—Cl1—O3 | 109.2 (2) |
C5—N1—C1—N2 | −179.1 (4) | O6—N3—C2—C1 | −170.3 (3) |
C5—N1—C1—C2 | 0.9 (5) | O5—N3—C2—C1 | 10.0 (5) |
N2—C1—C2—C3 | 178.9 (3) | C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.3 (5) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −1.1 (5) | N3—C2—C3—C4 | −179.0 (3) |
N2—C1—C2—N3 | −1.8 (6) | C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.7 (6) |
N1—C1—C2—N3 | 178.3 (3) | C1—N1—C5—C4 | 0.1 (6) |
O6—N3—C2—C3 | 9.0 (5) | C3—C4—C5—N1 | −0.9 (6) |
O5—N3—C2—C3 | −170.7 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O1 | 0.86 | 2.28 | 2.927 (5) | 133 |
N1—H1···O1i | 0.86 | 2.44 | 2.969 (5) | 121 |
N2—H2A···O2ii | 0.86 | 2.03 | 2.886 (5) | 173 |
N2—H2B···O5 | 0.86 | 2.04 | 2.633 (5) | 126 |
N2—H2B···O6iii | 0.86 | 2.32 | 2.917 (5) | 126 |
C5—H5···O3iv | 0.93 | 2.57 | 3.270 (5) | 133 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2; (iii) x+1, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (iv) x−1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C5H6N3O2+·ClO4− |
Mr | 239.58 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.888 (2), 18.342 (6), 9.170 (4) |
β (°) | 116.61 (3) |
V (Å3) | 885.3 (6) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.45 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.29 × 0.25 × 0.21 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Enraf–Nonius TurboCAD-4 |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (Blessing, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.725, 1.101 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 3574, 2130, 1109 |
Rint | 0.046 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.660 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.062, 0.189, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 2130 |
No. of parameters | 136 |
No. of restraints | 66 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.52, −0.30 |
Computer programs: CAD-4 EXPRESS (Enraf–Nonius, 1994), XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo, 1995), SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2005), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1···O1 | 0.86 | 2.28 | 2.927 (5) | 132.6 |
N1—H1···O1i | 0.86 | 2.44 | 2.969 (5) | 120.6 |
N2—H2A···O2ii | 0.86 | 2.03 | 2.886 (5) | 173.1 |
N2—H2B···O5 | 0.86 | 2.04 | 2.633 (5) | 125.7 |
N2—H2B···O6iii | 0.86 | 2.32 | 2.917 (5) | 126.2 |
C5—H5···O3iv | 0.93 | 2.57 | 3.270 (5) | 132.9 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+2; (iii) x+1, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (iv) x−1, y, z. |
References
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Salts of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine attracted more attention as non linear optical (NLO) materials after discovering the promising properties of 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium chloride (Nicoud et al.,1997). With the purpose of obtaining non-centrosymmetric crystals of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine salts, its interaction with various acids has been studied and we have elaborated a serie of new materials with this organic molecule (Akriche & Rzaigui, 2000; Akriche & Rzaigui, 2009a; 2009b; 2009c). In this paper, we describe the crystal structure of the title compound (I).
The asymmetric unit of (I) is composed of a perchlorate anion and a 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium (2 A3NP) cation (Fig. 1). The anions are surrounded by two cations via hydrogen bonds which play an important role in stabilizing the crystal structure (Fig. 2). In the crystal structure, one can distinguish the ondulated chains of the cations extending along the c axis. The adjacent cations are joined by the N2—H2B···O6 (Table 1) hydrogen bond with N···O distance of 2.917 (5) Å. The cations are also connected to the chlorate anions by hydrogen bonds, of the type N—H···O with N···O distances in the range 2.886 (5) - 2.969 (5) Å, and weak C5—H5···O3 interaction with C5···O3 separation 3.270 (5) Å (Fig. 2, Table 1). The C—H···O bonds have already been evidenced by several authors in molecular crystals (Steiner et al., 1994).
The anion displays a typical tetrahedral geometry around Cl atom and the Cl···O distances compare well with previously reported values (Messai et al., 2009). The Cl—O bond distances and O—Cl—O bond angles (Table: Geometric parameters) confirm a tetrahedral conformation, similar to other perchlorates quoted above.
The pyridinium ring of the cation is nearly planar, with maximum deviation from planarity being 0.007 (8) Å for C1 atom. The diedral angle between the planes of the NO2 group and the pyridinium ring is 9.7 (2) ° indicating a deviation of the NO2 group from being co-planar with the ring since its oxygen atoms are involved in various types of inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the C—NH2 (1.313 (5) Å) and C—NO2 (1.448 (5) Å) distances in the 2 A3NP cation are respectively shortened and lengthened with respect to the C—NH2 (1.337 (4) Å) and C—NO2 (1.429 (4) Å) observed in the crystal structure of 2-amino-3-nitropyridine (Aakeröy et al., 1998). All the 2-amino-3-nitropyridinium cations hosted in various organic or inorganic matrices show the same changes in C—NH2 and C—NO2 distances, revealing a weak increase of π bond character in C—NH2 and a decrease in C—NO2. The bond lengths of cation in (I) are normal and comparable with the corresponding values observed in the related structure (Akriche & Rzaigui, 2000; Akriche & Rzaigui, 2009a; 2009b, 2009c).