4-Methyl­benzene­carbo­thio­amide

In the title mol­ecule, C₈H₉NS, the mean plane of the carbothio­amide group is twisted slightly with respect to the mean plane of the benzene ring, making a dihedral angle of 17.03 (10)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, resulting in the formation of eight-membered rings lying about inversion centers and representing R₂²(8) and R₄²(8) motifs. Futhermore, these hydrogen bonds build up chains parallel to the b axis.

Related literature

For the use of thio­amides as inter­mediates in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, see: Zahid et al. (2009). For the uses of thio­amides, see: Lebana et al. (2008). For the biological activity of thio­amides, see: Jagodzinski (2003); Klimesova et al. (1999). For related structures, see: Khan et al. (2009a,b,c); Jian et al. (2006); Ali et al. (2010). For graph-set notation, see: Etter et al. (1990); Bernstein et al. (1994).

Experimental

Crystal data

• C₈H₉NS

• M_r = 151.22

• Monoclinic, P 2₁ /c

• a = 9.7341 (5) Å

• b = 5.8391 (2) Å

• c = 13.9055 (6) Å

• β = 104.946 (3)°

• V = 763.63 (6) ų

• Z = 4

• Mo Kα radiation

• μ = 0.34 mm⁻¹

• T = 123 K

• 0.10 × 0.06 × 0.06 mm

Data collection

• Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer

• Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1997) T_min = 0.967, T_max = 0.980

• 2741 measured reflections

• 1482 independent reflections

• 1399 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

• R_int = 0.025

Refinement

• R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.034

• wR(F²) = 0.089

• S = 1.06

• 1482 reflections

• 92 parameters

• H-atom parameters constrained

• Δρ_max = 0.27 e Å⁻³

• Δρ_min = −0.24 e Å⁻³

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
N1—H1B⋯S1^i	0.88	2.56	3.4178 (14)	166
N1—H1A⋯S1^ii	0.88	2.75	3.3179 (15)	124
Symmetry codes: (i) -x, -y+1, -z; (ii) x, y-1, z.

Data collection: COLLECT (Hooft, 1998); cell refinement: DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.

Supporting information

S1. Comment

Thioamides are not only used as intermediates in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds (Zahid et al., 2009), they are important biologically active agents (Jagodzinski, 2003; Klimesova et al., 1999). In addition, they are important ligands in the field of coordination chemistry (Lebana et al., 2008). In continuation to our work on thioamides (Khan et al., 2009a; 2009b; 2009c; Ali et al., 2010), we have synthesized 4-methylbenzenecarbothioamide, (I). In this article we report the crystal structure of the title compound.

In the title molecule (Fig. 1), the bond distances and angles agree with the corresponding bond distances and angles reported in closely related compounds (Khan et al., 2009a; 2009b; 2009c; Jian et al., 2006; Ali et al., 2010). In the title compound, the mean-plane of the carbothioamide group (S1/N1/C7) is slightly twisted with respect to the mean-plane of the phenyl ring (C1–C6), making a dihedral angle of 17.03 (10)°.

The structure is stabilized by intermolecular N—H···S hydrogen bonds resulting in the formation of eight membered rings lying about inversion centers (Tab. 1 and Fig. 2). In the graph set notation (Etter et al., 1990; Bernstein et al., 1994) the hydrogen bonded rings may be best described as representing R₂²(8) and R₄²(8) motifs.Futhermore, these hydrogen bonds build up chains parallel to the b axis.

Related literature

For the synthesis and background to the use of thioamides as intermediates in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, see: Zahid et al. (2009). For the uses of thioamide, see: Lebana et al. (2008). For the biological activity of thioamides, see: Jagodzinski (2003); Klimesova et al. (1999). For related structures, see: Khan et al. (2009a,b,c); Jian et al. (2006); Ali et al. (2010). For graph-set notation, see: Etter et al. (1990); Bernstein et al. (1994).

S2. Experimental

4-Methylbenzonitrile (13.2 mmol) was added to a slurry of magnesium cholride hexahydrate (13.2 mmol) and sodium hydrogen sulphide hydrate (70%, 26.4 mmol) in dimethylformamide (35 ml) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was poured into water (100 ml) and the resulting precipitates were collected by filtration. The product obtained was resuspended in 1 N HCl (50 ml), stirred for another 25 min, the precipitated solid filtered and washed with water. Recrystallization of the product from chloroform afforded the crystals of the title compound suitable for X-ray analysis.

S3. Refinement

Though all the H atoms could be distinguished in the difference Fourier map the H-atoms were included at geometrically idealized positions and refined in riding-model approximation with N—H = 0.88 Å and C—H = 0.95 and 0.98 Å for aryl and methyl H-atoms, respectively. The U_iso(H) were allowed at 1.2/1.5U_eq(N/C). The final difference map was essentially featurless.

Computing details

Data collection: COLLECT (Hooft, 1998); cell refinement: DENZO (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures

	Fig. 1. Molecular view of title compound with the atom labeling scheme. Ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. H atoms are represented as small sphere of arbitrary radii.
	Fig. 2. A part of the unit cell showing the N-H···S hydrogen bonds as dashed lines. H-atoms not involved in H-bonds have been excluded for clarity.

4-Methylbenzenecarbothioamide

Crystal data

C8H9NS	F(000) = 320
Mr = 151.22	Dx = 1.315 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc	Cell parameters from 1473 reflections
a = 9.7341 (5) Å	θ = 1.0–26.0°
b = 5.8391 (2) Å	µ = 0.34 mm^−1
c = 13.9055 (6) Å	T = 123 K
β = 104.946 (3)°	Block, yellow
V = 763.63 (6) Å^3	0.10 × 0.06 × 0.06 mm
Z = 4

Data collection

Nonius KappaCCD diffractometer	1482 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	1399 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	Rint = 0.025
ω and φ scans	θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 3.8°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SORTAV; Blessing, 1997)	h = −11→11
Tmin = 0.967, Tmax = 0.980	k = −7→7
2741 measured reflections	l = −16→16

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.034	Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
wR(F^2) = 0.089	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.06	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0373P)^2 + 0.5912P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
1482 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
92 parameters	Δρmax = 0.27 e Å^−3
0 restraints	Δρmin = −0.24 e Å^−3

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
S1	0.15464 (4)	0.79266 (7)	0.03136 (3)	0.02316 (16)
N1	0.19369 (15)	0.3538 (2)	0.06514 (10)	0.0219 (3)
H1A	0.2463	0.2313	0.0844	0.026*
H1B	0.1007	0.3410	0.0440	0.026*
C1	0.41221 (16)	0.5673 (3)	0.10461 (11)	0.0168 (3)
C2	0.48580 (17)	0.7599 (3)	0.08529 (11)	0.0189 (3)
H2	0.4344	0.8849	0.0496	0.023*
C3	0.63277 (18)	0.7714 (3)	0.11743 (12)	0.0207 (4)
H3	0.6805	0.9045	0.1037	0.025*
C4	0.71154 (17)	0.5908 (3)	0.16965 (11)	0.0203 (4)
C5	0.63795 (18)	0.3995 (3)	0.19021 (11)	0.0211 (4)
H5	0.6897	0.2753	0.2264	0.025*
C6	0.49105 (17)	0.3872 (3)	0.15894 (11)	0.0196 (3)
H6	0.4433	0.2557	0.1744	0.023*
C7	0.25443 (17)	0.5571 (3)	0.06803 (11)	0.0177 (3)
C8	0.87114 (18)	0.6011 (3)	0.20278 (13)	0.0280 (4)
H8A	0.9033	0.7532	0.1883	0.042*
H8B	0.9114	0.4848	0.1671	0.042*
H8C	0.9028	0.5719	0.2745	0.042*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
S1	0.0174 (2)	0.0146 (2)	0.0353 (3)	0.00051 (14)	0.00272 (18)	0.00029 (16)
N1	0.0160 (7)	0.0155 (7)	0.0332 (8)	−0.0010 (6)	0.0045 (6)	0.0019 (6)
C1	0.0192 (8)	0.0154 (8)	0.0163 (7)	−0.0005 (6)	0.0055 (6)	−0.0017 (6)
C2	0.0205 (8)	0.0156 (7)	0.0204 (7)	0.0009 (6)	0.0050 (6)	0.0019 (6)
C3	0.0215 (8)	0.0192 (8)	0.0221 (8)	−0.0032 (6)	0.0066 (6)	−0.0004 (6)
C4	0.0193 (8)	0.0229 (8)	0.0182 (7)	0.0001 (6)	0.0041 (6)	−0.0033 (6)
C5	0.0240 (8)	0.0203 (8)	0.0180 (7)	0.0042 (6)	0.0037 (6)	0.0024 (6)
C6	0.0234 (8)	0.0158 (8)	0.0202 (7)	−0.0018 (6)	0.0068 (6)	0.0009 (6)
C7	0.0204 (8)	0.0161 (8)	0.0170 (7)	−0.0007 (6)	0.0057 (6)	−0.0007 (6)
C8	0.0194 (9)	0.0328 (10)	0.0299 (9)	0.0000 (7)	0.0026 (7)	0.0007 (8)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

S1—C7	1.6852 (16)	C3—H3	0.9500
N1—C7	1.322 (2)	C4—C5	1.396 (2)
N1—H1A	0.8800	C4—C8	1.503 (2)
N1—H1B	0.8800	C5—C6	1.385 (2)
C1—C2	1.396 (2)	C5—H5	0.9500
C1—C6	1.403 (2)	C6—H6	0.9500
C1—C7	1.489 (2)	C8—H8A	0.9800
C2—C3	1.386 (2)	C8—H8B	0.9800
C2—H2	0.9500	C8—H8C	0.9800
C3—C4	1.393 (2)
C7—N1—H1A	120.0	C6—C5—C4	121.35 (15)
C7—N1—H1B	120.0	C6—C5—H5	119.3
H1A—N1—H1B	120.0	C4—C5—H5	119.3
C2—C1—C6	118.11 (15)	C5—C6—C1	120.48 (15)
C2—C1—C7	120.12 (14)	C5—C6—H6	119.8
C6—C1—C7	121.77 (14)	C1—C6—H6	119.8
C3—C2—C1	121.02 (15)	N1—C7—C1	117.39 (14)
C3—C2—H2	119.5	N1—C7—S1	120.35 (12)
C1—C2—H2	119.5	C1—C7—S1	122.26 (12)
C2—C3—C4	120.99 (15)	C4—C8—H8A	109.5
C2—C3—H3	119.5	C4—C8—H8B	109.5
C4—C3—H3	119.5	H8A—C8—H8B	109.5
C3—C4—C5	118.04 (15)	C4—C8—H8C	109.5
C3—C4—C8	121.05 (15)	H8A—C8—H8C	109.5
C5—C4—C8	120.91 (15)	H8B—C8—H8C	109.5
C6—C1—C2—C3	1.0 (2)	C4—C5—C6—C1	0.6 (2)
C7—C1—C2—C3	−179.07 (14)	C2—C1—C6—C5	−1.4 (2)
C1—C2—C3—C4	0.3 (2)	C7—C1—C6—C5	178.65 (14)
C2—C3—C4—C5	−1.1 (2)	C2—C1—C7—N1	162.91 (15)
C2—C3—C4—C8	178.76 (15)	C6—C1—C7—N1	−17.2 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C6	0.7 (2)	C2—C1—C7—S1	−17.1 (2)
C8—C4—C5—C6	−179.18 (15)	C6—C1—C7—S1	162.78 (12)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
N1—H1B···S1^i	0.88	2.56	3.4178 (14)	166
N1—H1A···S1^ii	0.88	2.75	3.3179 (15)	124

Symmetry codes: (i) −x, −y+1, −z; (ii) x, y−1, z.