organic compounds
Benzoic acid–2,9-dimethylphenanthroline (1/1)
aDepartment of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA, and bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: Edward.Tiekink@gmail.com
The constituents of the title 1:1 7H6O2·C14H12N2, are connected into dimeric aggregates by a bifurcated O—H⋯N hydrogen bond; the hydroxyl-H atom is hydrogen bonded to the two N atoms of the 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline. The hydrogen-bonded residues are almost orthogonal to each other [dihedral angle = 78.56 (7) °]. In the crystal packing, the aggregates are assembled into layers in the bc plane by π⋯π interactions [ring centroid⋯ring centroid distance = 3.5577 (16) Å] involving the pyridyl rings, and C–H⋯π contacts involving the phenanthroline-H atom and the phenyl ring of the acid.
CExperimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CrystalClear (Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku, 2005); cell CrystalClear; data reduction: CrystalClear; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810029065/bt5303sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810029065/bt5303Isup2.hkl
Colourless crystals of (I) were isolated from the 1/1 co-crystallization of 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline (ACROS; 0.08 mmol) and benzoic acid (Sigma-Aldrich; 0.07 mmol) in chloroform solution, m. pt. 399–403 K.
C-bound H-atoms were placed in calculated positions (C–H 0.95–0.98 Å) and were included in the
in the riding model approximation with Uiso(H) set to 1.2–1.5Ueq(C). The O-bound H-atom was located in a difference Fourier map and was refined with a distance restraint of O–H 0.840±0.001 Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(O).As a continuation of studies into the phenomenon of co-crystallization (Broker & Tiekink, 2007; Broker et al., 2008), the co-crystallization of 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline and benzoic acid was investigated, leading to the isolation of the 1:1
(I).The components of (I), Fig. 1, are connected by two O–H···N hydrogen bonds with the primary contact formed with the N2 atom with a weaker interaction to the the N1 atom, Table 1. The bifurcated nature of the O—H atom is responsible for the deviation of the O—H···N angles from 180 °. The carboxylic acid group is effectively co-planar with the benzene ring to which it is attached as seen in the O1—C1—C2—C3 torsion angle of 7.6 (2) °. The dihedral angle formed between the least-squares planes through the benzene ring and the 14 non-hydrogen atoms of the phenanthroline ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.020 Å) is 78.56 (7) °, indicating an almost orthogonal relationship. The methyl-C8 and C21 atoms lie and 0.081 (2) and -0.032 (2) Å, respectively, out of the plane through the phenanthroline ring. In addition to the hydrogen bonding, π···π and C—H···π interactions are found in the of (I). The former occur between centrosymmetrically related N2-pyridyl rings [Cg(N2,C16–C20)···Cg(N2,C16—C20)i = 3.5577 (16) Å for i: 1 - x, 1 - y, 2 - z]. The C–H···π contact occurs between a phenanthroline-H and the benzene ring of the acid, Table 1. The result is the formation of layers that stack along the a axis, Fig. 2.
For related studies on
formation, see: Broker & Tiekink (2007); Broker et al. (2008).Data collection: CrystalClear (Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku, 2005); cell
CrystalClear (Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku, 2005); data reduction: CrystalClear (Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).C7H6O2·C14H12N2 | F(000) = 696 |
Mr = 330.37 | Dx = 1.288 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 6463 reflections |
a = 13.575 (5) Å | θ = 2.1–40.6° |
b = 11.645 (4) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
c = 11.148 (4) Å | T = 98 K |
β = 104.832 (6)° | Block, colourless |
V = 1703.6 (11) Å3 | 0.46 × 0.31 × 0.20 mm |
Z = 4 |
Rigaku AFC12K/SATURN724 diffractometer | 3907 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3589 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.035 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) | h = −17→17 |
Tmin = 0.864, Tmax = 1 | k = −15→15 |
13167 measured reflections | l = −12→14 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.060 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.156 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.09 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0717P)2 + 0.8352P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3907 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
231 parameters | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Δρmin = −0.55 e Å−3 |
C7H6O2·C14H12N2 | V = 1703.6 (11) Å3 |
Mr = 330.37 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 13.575 (5) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 11.645 (4) Å | T = 98 K |
c = 11.148 (4) Å | 0.46 × 0.31 × 0.20 mm |
β = 104.832 (6)° |
Rigaku AFC12K/SATURN724 diffractometer | 3907 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) | 3589 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.864, Tmax = 1 | Rint = 0.035 |
13167 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.060 | 1 restraint |
wR(F2) = 0.156 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.09 | Δρmax = 0.38 e Å−3 |
3907 reflections | Δρmin = −0.55 e Å−3 |
231 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.25983 (16) | 0.62242 (12) | 0.73806 (12) | 0.0586 (5) | |
H1O | 0.276 (2) | 0.5534 (8) | 0.733 (2) | 0.088* | |
O2 | 0.22317 (11) | 0.60724 (11) | 0.53150 (11) | 0.0383 (3) | |
N1 | 0.20135 (10) | 0.37901 (11) | 0.76126 (12) | 0.0224 (3) | |
N2 | 0.39950 (10) | 0.44243 (10) | 0.79467 (11) | 0.0203 (3) | |
C1 | 0.22858 (14) | 0.66340 (14) | 0.62456 (15) | 0.0290 (4) | |
C2 | 0.20107 (11) | 0.78707 (13) | 0.62330 (14) | 0.0223 (3) | |
C3 | 0.22051 (12) | 0.85085 (14) | 0.73285 (15) | 0.0252 (3) | |
H3 | 0.2497 | 0.8147 | 0.8102 | 0.030* | |
C4 | 0.19729 (14) | 0.96692 (15) | 0.72878 (18) | 0.0335 (4) | |
H4 | 0.2113 | 1.0104 | 0.8033 | 0.040* | |
C5 | 0.15377 (16) | 1.01962 (16) | 0.6164 (2) | 0.0409 (5) | |
H5 | 0.1376 | 1.0991 | 0.6138 | 0.049* | |
C6 | 0.13392 (15) | 0.95635 (17) | 0.50764 (19) | 0.0388 (4) | |
H6 | 0.1037 | 0.9926 | 0.4307 | 0.047* | |
C7 | 0.15784 (12) | 0.84071 (15) | 0.51025 (16) | 0.0290 (4) | |
H7 | 0.1448 | 0.7980 | 0.4352 | 0.035* | |
C8 | 0.02727 (13) | 0.41778 (19) | 0.65105 (17) | 0.0383 (4) | |
H8A | 0.0627 | 0.4698 | 0.6070 | 0.058* | |
H8B | −0.0154 | 0.4626 | 0.6926 | 0.058* | |
H8C | −0.0156 | 0.3648 | 0.5916 | 0.058* | |
C9 | 0.10420 (12) | 0.35052 (15) | 0.74590 (15) | 0.0270 (3) | |
C10 | 0.07329 (13) | 0.26372 (16) | 0.81689 (16) | 0.0320 (4) | |
H10 | 0.0032 | 0.2450 | 0.8033 | 0.038* | |
C11 | 0.14511 (14) | 0.20691 (15) | 0.90530 (16) | 0.0307 (4) | |
H11 | 0.1252 | 0.1483 | 0.9535 | 0.037* | |
C12 | 0.24909 (12) | 0.23568 (13) | 0.92478 (14) | 0.0241 (3) | |
C13 | 0.27308 (11) | 0.32317 (12) | 0.84953 (13) | 0.0202 (3) | |
C14 | 0.32829 (14) | 0.18039 (14) | 1.01699 (14) | 0.0280 (4) | |
H14 | 0.3116 | 0.1210 | 1.0668 | 0.034* | |
C15 | 0.42676 (13) | 0.21252 (14) | 1.03328 (14) | 0.0278 (4) | |
H15 | 0.4784 | 0.1751 | 1.0945 | 0.033* | |
C16 | 0.45439 (12) | 0.30185 (13) | 0.95988 (14) | 0.0225 (3) | |
C17 | 0.37851 (11) | 0.35697 (12) | 0.86771 (13) | 0.0192 (3) | |
C18 | 0.55556 (12) | 0.33981 (14) | 0.97563 (14) | 0.0260 (3) | |
H18 | 0.6092 | 0.3058 | 1.0372 | 0.031* | |
C19 | 0.57615 (12) | 0.42575 (14) | 0.90205 (15) | 0.0261 (3) | |
H19 | 0.6441 | 0.4520 | 0.9123 | 0.031* | |
C20 | 0.49563 (12) | 0.47512 (13) | 0.81070 (14) | 0.0225 (3) | |
C21 | 0.51601 (14) | 0.56796 (15) | 0.72651 (16) | 0.0315 (4) | |
H21A | 0.4683 | 0.5603 | 0.6445 | 0.047* | |
H21B | 0.5860 | 0.5609 | 0.7186 | 0.047* | |
H21C | 0.5071 | 0.6433 | 0.7615 | 0.047* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.1251 (15) | 0.0251 (7) | 0.0210 (6) | 0.0281 (8) | 0.0100 (8) | 0.0043 (5) |
O2 | 0.0607 (9) | 0.0301 (7) | 0.0209 (6) | 0.0070 (6) | 0.0049 (6) | −0.0025 (5) |
N1 | 0.0235 (6) | 0.0242 (6) | 0.0198 (6) | 0.0004 (5) | 0.0060 (5) | −0.0013 (5) |
N2 | 0.0254 (6) | 0.0179 (6) | 0.0175 (6) | −0.0008 (5) | 0.0054 (5) | −0.0013 (4) |
C1 | 0.0404 (9) | 0.0242 (8) | 0.0206 (7) | 0.0036 (7) | 0.0046 (7) | 0.0022 (6) |
C2 | 0.0206 (7) | 0.0234 (7) | 0.0234 (7) | 0.0014 (5) | 0.0065 (6) | 0.0042 (6) |
C3 | 0.0262 (7) | 0.0261 (8) | 0.0251 (8) | 0.0012 (6) | 0.0096 (6) | 0.0023 (6) |
C4 | 0.0398 (9) | 0.0256 (8) | 0.0416 (10) | 0.0008 (7) | 0.0221 (8) | −0.0022 (7) |
C5 | 0.0503 (11) | 0.0248 (8) | 0.0562 (12) | 0.0117 (8) | 0.0293 (10) | 0.0124 (8) |
C6 | 0.0396 (10) | 0.0386 (10) | 0.0408 (10) | 0.0120 (8) | 0.0150 (8) | 0.0197 (8) |
C7 | 0.0262 (8) | 0.0337 (9) | 0.0268 (8) | 0.0031 (6) | 0.0063 (6) | 0.0078 (6) |
C8 | 0.0252 (8) | 0.0568 (12) | 0.0318 (9) | 0.0056 (8) | 0.0050 (7) | 0.0026 (8) |
C9 | 0.0248 (8) | 0.0330 (8) | 0.0235 (8) | 0.0002 (6) | 0.0067 (6) | −0.0058 (6) |
C10 | 0.0292 (8) | 0.0389 (10) | 0.0305 (9) | −0.0096 (7) | 0.0124 (7) | −0.0077 (7) |
C11 | 0.0391 (9) | 0.0296 (8) | 0.0273 (8) | −0.0099 (7) | 0.0155 (7) | −0.0029 (6) |
C12 | 0.0341 (8) | 0.0205 (7) | 0.0193 (7) | −0.0034 (6) | 0.0098 (6) | −0.0022 (6) |
C13 | 0.0264 (7) | 0.0184 (7) | 0.0164 (6) | −0.0008 (5) | 0.0066 (6) | −0.0032 (5) |
C14 | 0.0424 (9) | 0.0213 (7) | 0.0209 (7) | −0.0022 (6) | 0.0089 (7) | 0.0029 (6) |
C15 | 0.0382 (9) | 0.0234 (8) | 0.0199 (7) | 0.0055 (6) | 0.0039 (7) | 0.0036 (6) |
C16 | 0.0285 (8) | 0.0210 (7) | 0.0173 (7) | 0.0039 (6) | 0.0046 (6) | −0.0019 (5) |
C17 | 0.0254 (7) | 0.0172 (6) | 0.0152 (6) | 0.0009 (5) | 0.0055 (6) | −0.0026 (5) |
C18 | 0.0252 (7) | 0.0285 (8) | 0.0220 (7) | 0.0064 (6) | 0.0016 (6) | −0.0020 (6) |
C19 | 0.0221 (7) | 0.0302 (8) | 0.0267 (8) | 0.0004 (6) | 0.0073 (6) | −0.0054 (6) |
C20 | 0.0274 (7) | 0.0213 (7) | 0.0201 (7) | −0.0012 (6) | 0.0086 (6) | −0.0048 (5) |
C21 | 0.0354 (9) | 0.0294 (9) | 0.0315 (9) | −0.0072 (7) | 0.0121 (7) | 0.0008 (7) |
O1—C1 | 1.317 (2) | C9—C10 | 1.412 (2) |
O1—H1O | 0.839 (12) | C10—C11 | 1.367 (3) |
O2—C1 | 1.213 (2) | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
N1—C9 | 1.328 (2) | C11—C12 | 1.412 (2) |
N1—C13 | 1.3597 (19) | C11—H11 | 0.9500 |
N2—C20 | 1.327 (2) | C12—C13 | 1.410 (2) |
N2—C17 | 1.3614 (19) | C12—C14 | 1.436 (2) |
C1—C2 | 1.487 (2) | C13—C17 | 1.448 (2) |
C2—C7 | 1.394 (2) | C14—C15 | 1.355 (2) |
C2—C3 | 1.396 (2) | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
C3—C4 | 1.386 (2) | C15—C16 | 1.432 (2) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C15—H15 | 0.9500 |
C4—C5 | 1.385 (3) | C16—C17 | 1.410 (2) |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C16—C18 | 1.410 (2) |
C5—C6 | 1.385 (3) | C18—C19 | 1.367 (2) |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C18—H18 | 0.9500 |
C6—C7 | 1.384 (3) | C19—C20 | 1.411 (2) |
C6—H6 | 0.9500 | C19—H19 | 0.9500 |
C7—H7 | 0.9500 | C20—C21 | 1.503 (2) |
C8—C9 | 1.502 (2) | C21—H21A | 0.9800 |
C8—H8A | 0.9800 | C21—H21B | 0.9800 |
C8—H8B | 0.9800 | C21—H21C | 0.9800 |
C8—H8C | 0.9800 | ||
C1—O1—H1O | 108 (2) | C10—C11—C12 | 119.76 (15) |
C9—N1—C13 | 118.52 (14) | C10—C11—H11 | 120.1 |
C20—N2—C17 | 118.58 (13) | C12—C11—H11 | 120.1 |
O2—C1—O1 | 124.10 (16) | C13—C12—C11 | 117.00 (15) |
O2—C1—C2 | 123.66 (15) | C13—C12—C14 | 120.36 (15) |
O1—C1—C2 | 112.24 (14) | C11—C12—C14 | 122.64 (15) |
C7—C2—C3 | 119.61 (15) | N1—C13—C12 | 122.99 (14) |
C7—C2—C1 | 119.28 (15) | N1—C13—C17 | 118.06 (13) |
C3—C2—C1 | 121.09 (14) | C12—C13—C17 | 118.94 (14) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.00 (15) | C15—C14—C12 | 120.29 (15) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.0 | C15—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.0 | C12—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.17 (17) | C14—C15—C16 | 121.19 (15) |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.9 | C14—C15—H15 | 119.4 |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.9 | C16—C15—H15 | 119.4 |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.92 (17) | C17—C16—C18 | 117.04 (14) |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.0 | C17—C16—C15 | 119.87 (15) |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.0 | C18—C16—C15 | 123.08 (14) |
C7—C6—C5 | 120.49 (17) | N2—C17—C16 | 122.89 (14) |
C7—C6—H6 | 119.8 | N2—C17—C13 | 117.76 (13) |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.8 | C16—C17—C13 | 119.34 (13) |
C6—C7—C2 | 119.82 (17) | C19—C18—C16 | 119.79 (14) |
C6—C7—H7 | 120.1 | C19—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
C2—C7—H7 | 120.1 | C16—C18—H18 | 120.1 |
C9—C8—H8A | 109.5 | C18—C19—C20 | 119.44 (15) |
C9—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C18—C19—H19 | 120.3 |
H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | C20—C19—H19 | 120.3 |
C9—C8—H8C | 109.5 | N2—C20—C19 | 122.25 (14) |
H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | N2—C20—C21 | 117.01 (14) |
H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C19—C20—C21 | 120.74 (14) |
N1—C9—C10 | 122.31 (16) | C20—C21—H21A | 109.5 |
N1—C9—C8 | 116.68 (15) | C20—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C10—C9—C8 | 120.99 (15) | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C11—C10—C9 | 119.42 (15) | C20—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C11—C10—H10 | 120.3 | H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C9—C10—H10 | 120.3 | H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
O2—C1—C2—C7 | 6.1 (3) | C14—C12—C13—C17 | −0.6 (2) |
O1—C1—C2—C7 | −174.24 (17) | C13—C12—C14—C15 | 0.6 (2) |
O2—C1—C2—C3 | −172.06 (17) | C11—C12—C14—C15 | −178.93 (15) |
O1—C1—C2—C3 | 7.6 (2) | C12—C14—C15—C16 | 0.1 (2) |
C7—C2—C3—C4 | −0.3 (2) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | −0.8 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 177.84 (15) | C14—C15—C16—C18 | 178.49 (15) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.7 (3) | C20—N2—C17—C16 | 0.2 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.4 (3) | C20—N2—C17—C13 | 179.49 (12) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −0.4 (3) | C18—C16—C17—N2 | 0.7 (2) |
C5—C6—C7—C2 | 0.8 (3) | C15—C16—C17—N2 | −179.97 (13) |
C3—C2—C7—C6 | −0.5 (2) | C18—C16—C17—C13 | −178.60 (13) |
C1—C2—C7—C6 | −178.63 (16) | C15—C16—C17—C13 | 0.7 (2) |
C13—N1—C9—C10 | −0.7 (2) | N1—C13—C17—N2 | −0.3 (2) |
C13—N1—C9—C8 | 177.54 (14) | C12—C13—C17—N2 | −179.36 (13) |
N1—C9—C10—C11 | 0.4 (3) | N1—C13—C17—C16 | 179.01 (13) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −177.79 (16) | C12—C13—C17—C16 | 0.0 (2) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.1 (2) | C17—C16—C18—C19 | −0.6 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.3 (2) | C15—C16—C18—C19 | −179.93 (15) |
C10—C11—C12—C14 | 179.27 (15) | C16—C18—C19—C20 | −0.3 (2) |
C9—N1—C13—C12 | 0.6 (2) | C17—N2—C20—C19 | −1.1 (2) |
C9—N1—C13—C17 | −178.42 (13) | C17—N2—C20—C21 | 178.74 (13) |
C11—C12—C13—N1 | −0.1 (2) | C18—C19—C20—N2 | 1.2 (2) |
C14—C12—C13—N1 | −179.61 (14) | C18—C19—C20—C21 | −178.67 (14) |
C11—C12—C13—C17 | 178.91 (13) |
Cg is the centroid of the C2–C7 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1o···N1 | 0.84 (1) | 2.33 (2) | 2.973 (2) | 134 (2) |
O1—H1o···N2 | 0.84 (1) | 2.09 (2) | 2.788 (2) | 141 (2) |
C19—H19···Cgi | 0.95 | 2.60 | 3.426 (2) | 145 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C7H6O2·C14H12N2 |
Mr | 330.37 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 98 |
a, b, c (Å) | 13.575 (5), 11.645 (4), 11.148 (4) |
β (°) | 104.832 (6) |
V (Å3) | 1703.6 (11) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.08 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.46 × 0.31 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Rigaku AFC12K/SATURN724 |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (ABSCOR; Higashi, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.864, 1 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 13167, 3907, 3589 |
Rint | 0.035 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.060, 0.156, 1.09 |
No. of reflections | 3907 |
No. of parameters | 231 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.38, −0.55 |
Computer programs: CrystalClear (Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku, 2005), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Cg is the centroid of the C2–C7 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1o···N1 | 0.839 (12) | 2.327 (16) | 2.973 (2) | 134 (2) |
O1—H1o···N2 | 0.839 (12) | 2.09 (2) | 2.788 (2) | 141 (2) |
C19—H19···Cgi | 0.95 | 2.60 | 3.426 (2) | 145 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+3/2. |
References
Brandenburg, K. (2006). DIAMOND. Crystal Impact GbR, Bonn, Germany. Google Scholar
Broker, G. A., Bettens, R. P. A. & Tiekink, E. R. T. (2008). CrystEngComm, 10, 879–887. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Broker, G. A. & Tiekink, E. R. T. (2007). CrystEngComm, 9, 1096–1109. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Farrugia, L. J. (1997). J. Appl. Cryst. 30, 565. CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Higashi, T. (1995). ABSCOR. Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Google Scholar
Molecular Structure Corporation & Rigaku (2005). CrystalClear. MSC, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, and Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Westrip, S. P. (2010). J. Appl. Cryst. 43, 920–925. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
As a continuation of studies into the phenomenon of co-crystallization (Broker & Tiekink, 2007; Broker et al., 2008), the co-crystallization of 2,9-dimethylphenanthroline and benzoic acid was investigated, leading to the isolation of the 1:1 co-crystal, (I).
The components of (I), Fig. 1, are connected by two O–H···N hydrogen bonds with the primary contact formed with the N2 atom with a weaker interaction to the the N1 atom, Table 1. The bifurcated nature of the O—H atom is responsible for the deviation of the O—H···N angles from 180 °. The carboxylic acid group is effectively co-planar with the benzene ring to which it is attached as seen in the O1—C1—C2—C3 torsion angle of 7.6 (2) °. The dihedral angle formed between the least-squares planes through the benzene ring and the 14 non-hydrogen atoms of the phenanthroline ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.020 Å) is 78.56 (7) °, indicating an almost orthogonal relationship. The methyl-C8 and C21 atoms lie and 0.081 (2) and -0.032 (2) Å, respectively, out of the plane through the phenanthroline ring. In addition to the hydrogen bonding, π···π and C—H···π interactions are found in the crystal structure of (I). The former occur between centrosymmetrically related N2-pyridyl rings [Cg(N2,C16–C20)···Cg(N2,C16—C20)i = 3.5577 (16) Å for i: 1 - x, 1 - y, 2 - z]. The C–H···π contact occurs between a phenanthroline-H and the benzene ring of the acid, Table 1. The result is the formation of layers that stack along the a axis, Fig. 2.