organic compounds
Guanidinium 3-nitrobenzoate
aFaculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia, and bSchool of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
*Correspondence e-mail: g.smith@qut.edu.au
The title compound, CH6N3+·C7H4NO4−, an anhydrous guanidinium salt, shows a N—H⋯O hydrogen-bond network in which the guanidinium cation is involved in three cyclic R21(6) hydrogen-bonding associations with separate carboxylate O-atom acceptors. Further peripheral associations include a cyclic R12(4) cation–anion interaction, forming interlinked undulating sheets in the three-dimensional structure.
Related literature
For the structures of other guanidinium benzoate salts, see: Kleb et al. (1998); Pereira Silva et al. (2007, 2010). For graph-set analysis, see: Etter et al. (1990).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell CrysAlis PRO; data reduction: CrysAlis PRO; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) within WinGX (Farrugia, 1999); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: PLATON.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681002581X/bv2146sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681002581X/bv2146Isup2.hkl
The title compound was synthesized by heating together under reflux for 10 minutes 1 mmol of 3-nitrobenzoic acid and 0.5 mmol of guanidine carbonate in 50 ml of methanol. After concentration to ca 30 ml, partial room temperature evaporation of the hot-filtered solution gave large colourless plates (m.p. 514 K) from which a suitable analytical specimen was cleaved.
Guanidinium hydrogen atoms were located by difference methods and their positional and isotropic displacement parameters were refined. The H atoms of the aromatic ring of the anion were included in the
in calculated positions (C–H = 0.93 Å) and allowed to ride, with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). Friedel pairs were merged in the data set used for final structure refinement.The structures of the guanidinium salts of the simple benzoic acids are not numerous in the crystallographic literature, being limited to the benzoate (Pereira Silva et al., 2007), 4-aminobenzoate (Pereira Silva et al., 2010) and 4-nitrobenzoate (Kleb et al., 1998). In these anhydrous structures and those of the anhydrous guanidinium salts of aromatic carboxylates generally, the cations give variously cyclic hydrogen-bonding interactions which may be classified by the graph sets R22(8), R12(4) or R21(6) (Etter et al., 1990). Our 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of 3-nitrobenzoic acid with guanidinium carbonate in methanol gave large relatively hard, chemically stable crystals of guanidinium 3-nitrobenzoate, CH6N3+ C7H4NO4- (I), and the structure is reported here.
In the structure of (I) each guanidinium cation is involved in three cyclic R21(6) hydrogen-bonding associations (Table 1) with separate carboxylate O-acceptors (Figs. 1, 2). Further peripheral associations include a cyclic R12(4) cation–anion interaction, form inter-linked undulating sheets which give a three-dimensional framework structure (Fig. 3).
The carboxylate group of the anion is rotated slightly out of the plane of the benzene ring [torsion angle C2–C1–C11–O11, 160.0 (2)°]. However, the unassociated nitro group is essentially coplanar with the ring [torsion angle C2–C3–N31–O32, 174.4 (2)°].
For the structures of other guanidinium benzoate salts, see: Kleb et al. (1998); Pereira Silva et al. (2007, 2010). For graph-set analysis, see: Etter et al. (1990).
For related literature, see: Sheldrick (1996).
Data collection: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); cell
CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); data reduction: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) within WinGX (Farrugia, 1999); molecular graphics: PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: PLATON (Spek, 2009).Fig. 1. The molecular configuration and atom-numbering scheme for the cation and anion species in (I). Non-H atoms are shown as 40% probability ellipsoids. Inter-ion hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines. | |
Fig. 2. Peripheral hydrogen-bonding extension of the R21(6)- associated guanidinium-tris(3-nitrobenzoate) structures of (I), viewed down the a cell direction. For symmetry codes, see Table 1. Hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines. | |
Fig. 3. The three-dimensional structure of (I) viewed down the approximate b cell direction. Non-associative H atoms are omitted. |
CH6N3+·C7H4NO4− | Dx = 1.462 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 226.20 | Melting point: 514 K |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 2964 reflections |
a = 7.3978 (12) Å | θ = 3.0–28.9° |
b = 10.1302 (12) Å | µ = 0.12 mm−1 |
c = 13.7118 (17) Å | T = 297 K |
V = 1027.6 (2) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
F(000) = 472 |
Oxford Diffraction Gemini-S CCD-detector diffractometer | 1252 independent reflections |
Radiation source: Enhance (Mo) X-ray source | 1092 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.030 |
ω scans | θmax = 26.5°, θmin = 3.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2009) | h = −9→9 |
Tmin = 0.94, Tmax = 0.98 | k = −12→11 |
7455 measured reflections | l = −17→17 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.096 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0716P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
1252 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
169 parameters | Δρmax = 0.15 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.16 e Å−3 |
CH6N3+·C7H4NO4− | V = 1027.6 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 226.20 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 7.3978 (12) Å | µ = 0.12 mm−1 |
b = 10.1302 (12) Å | T = 297 K |
c = 13.7118 (17) Å | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 mm |
Oxford Diffraction Gemini-S CCD-detector diffractometer | 1252 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2009) | 1092 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.94, Tmax = 0.98 | Rint = 0.030 |
7455 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.096 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.03 | Δρmax = 0.15 e Å−3 |
1252 reflections | Δρmin = −0.16 e Å−3 |
169 parameters |
Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O11 | 0.8853 (3) | 0.39642 (19) | −0.15616 (11) | 0.0763 (7) | |
O12 | 0.8391 (3) | 0.51830 (14) | −0.02410 (12) | 0.0587 (5) | |
O31 | 0.9478 (4) | 0.2929 (2) | 0.29189 (13) | 0.0891 (8) | |
O32 | 0.8919 (4) | 0.0871 (2) | 0.30563 (13) | 0.0879 (8) | |
N31 | 0.9085 (3) | 0.1871 (2) | 0.25680 (14) | 0.0582 (6) | |
C1 | 0.8552 (3) | 0.28643 (18) | −0.00456 (13) | 0.0395 (5) | |
C2 | 0.8834 (3) | 0.29418 (19) | 0.09621 (14) | 0.0395 (5) | |
C3 | 0.8802 (3) | 0.1785 (2) | 0.15053 (15) | 0.0438 (6) | |
C4 | 0.8496 (3) | 0.0567 (2) | 0.10846 (18) | 0.0546 (7) | |
C5 | 0.8224 (3) | 0.0507 (2) | 0.00897 (18) | 0.0579 (8) | |
C6 | 0.8262 (3) | 0.1633 (2) | −0.04688 (16) | 0.0487 (6) | |
C11 | 0.8592 (3) | 0.4098 (2) | −0.06632 (14) | 0.0472 (6) | |
N1G | 0.5698 (4) | 0.7518 (2) | 0.02372 (14) | 0.0596 (7) | |
N2G | 0.5023 (3) | 0.7924 (2) | 0.18458 (16) | 0.0624 (7) | |
N3G | 0.6559 (3) | 0.6050 (2) | 0.14213 (17) | 0.0599 (7) | |
C1G | 0.5763 (3) | 0.7166 (2) | 0.11723 (14) | 0.0468 (6) | |
H2 | 0.90390 | 0.37520 | 0.12620 | 0.0470* | |
H4 | 0.84730 | −0.01950 | 0.14630 | 0.0660* | |
H5 | 0.80130 | −0.03050 | −0.02060 | 0.0690* | |
H6 | 0.80920 | 0.15720 | −0.11390 | 0.0580* | |
H11G | 0.617 (4) | 0.701 (3) | −0.015 (2) | 0.070 (9)* | |
H12G | 0.514 (4) | 0.821 (3) | 0.012 (2) | 0.072 (8)* | |
H21G | 0.444 (4) | 0.869 (3) | 0.170 (2) | 0.077 (9)* | |
H22G | 0.506 (4) | 0.767 (3) | 0.244 (2) | 0.065 (8)* | |
H31G | 0.666 (4) | 0.588 (3) | 0.203 (2) | 0.065 (8)* | |
H32G | 0.715 (4) | 0.563 (3) | 0.093 (2) | 0.073 (9)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O11 | 0.1174 (16) | 0.0759 (12) | 0.0357 (8) | 0.0071 (13) | 0.0050 (10) | 0.0078 (8) |
O12 | 0.0866 (12) | 0.0375 (7) | 0.0520 (8) | −0.0007 (8) | 0.0034 (9) | 0.0074 (6) |
O31 | 0.148 (2) | 0.0728 (12) | 0.0464 (9) | −0.0228 (14) | −0.0197 (12) | 0.0015 (9) |
O32 | 0.1360 (19) | 0.0687 (11) | 0.0591 (11) | 0.0044 (13) | 0.0017 (12) | 0.0305 (9) |
N31 | 0.0728 (11) | 0.0565 (11) | 0.0452 (10) | 0.0004 (11) | −0.0036 (9) | 0.0113 (8) |
C1 | 0.0411 (9) | 0.0384 (10) | 0.0390 (9) | −0.0016 (9) | 0.0000 (9) | −0.0014 (8) |
C2 | 0.0476 (10) | 0.0313 (8) | 0.0395 (9) | −0.0005 (9) | −0.0007 (8) | 0.0007 (7) |
C3 | 0.0486 (10) | 0.0413 (10) | 0.0415 (10) | 0.0011 (9) | −0.0006 (9) | 0.0044 (8) |
C4 | 0.0643 (13) | 0.0340 (10) | 0.0656 (13) | −0.0007 (10) | 0.0029 (12) | 0.0083 (10) |
C5 | 0.0679 (15) | 0.0348 (10) | 0.0710 (15) | −0.0073 (10) | 0.0012 (13) | −0.0151 (10) |
C6 | 0.0527 (11) | 0.0490 (11) | 0.0445 (10) | −0.0037 (10) | 0.0000 (9) | −0.0100 (9) |
C11 | 0.0597 (12) | 0.0444 (10) | 0.0375 (10) | 0.0004 (10) | 0.0016 (10) | 0.0038 (9) |
N1G | 0.0873 (16) | 0.0448 (10) | 0.0467 (12) | 0.0052 (11) | 0.0022 (11) | 0.0093 (9) |
N2G | 0.0885 (15) | 0.0519 (11) | 0.0469 (11) | 0.0123 (12) | 0.0033 (11) | −0.0015 (9) |
N3G | 0.0854 (14) | 0.0511 (11) | 0.0433 (10) | 0.0130 (12) | 0.0016 (11) | 0.0069 (9) |
C1G | 0.0588 (12) | 0.0398 (10) | 0.0418 (11) | −0.0032 (10) | −0.0027 (9) | 0.0025 (9) |
O11—C11 | 1.254 (2) | N3G—H32G | 0.91 (3) |
O12—C11 | 1.251 (3) | C1—C6 | 1.392 (3) |
O31—N31 | 1.210 (3) | C1—C11 | 1.510 (3) |
O32—N31 | 1.221 (3) | C1—C2 | 1.400 (3) |
N31—C3 | 1.475 (3) | C2—C3 | 1.389 (3) |
N1G—C1G | 1.332 (3) | C3—C4 | 1.381 (3) |
N2G—C1G | 1.320 (3) | C4—C5 | 1.380 (3) |
N3G—C1G | 1.320 (3) | C5—C6 | 1.374 (3) |
N1G—H12G | 0.83 (3) | C2—H2 | 0.9300 |
N1G—H11G | 0.82 (3) | C4—H4 | 0.9300 |
N2G—H22G | 0.86 (3) | C5—H5 | 0.9300 |
N2G—H21G | 0.91 (3) | C6—H6 | 0.9300 |
N3G—H31G | 0.86 (3) | ||
O31—N31—O32 | 122.8 (2) | C2—C3—C4 | 122.2 (2) |
O31—N31—C3 | 118.64 (19) | C3—C4—C5 | 118.4 (2) |
O32—N31—C3 | 118.60 (19) | C4—C5—C6 | 120.8 (2) |
C1G—N1G—H12G | 115.5 (19) | C1—C6—C5 | 121.0 (2) |
H11G—N1G—H12G | 128 (3) | O11—C11—C1 | 117.67 (18) |
C1G—N1G—H11G | 116 (2) | O12—C11—C1 | 117.73 (17) |
H21G—N2G—H22G | 119 (3) | O11—C11—O12 | 124.6 (2) |
C1G—N2G—H21G | 122.6 (18) | C3—C2—H2 | 121.00 |
C1G—N2G—H22G | 119 (2) | C1—C2—H2 | 121.00 |
H31G—N3G—H32G | 126 (3) | C3—C4—H4 | 121.00 |
C1G—N3G—H32G | 115.1 (19) | C5—C4—H4 | 121.00 |
C1G—N3G—H31G | 118 (2) | C4—C5—H5 | 120.00 |
C6—C1—C11 | 120.72 (17) | C6—C5—H5 | 120.00 |
C2—C1—C11 | 120.29 (17) | C5—C6—H6 | 120.00 |
C2—C1—C6 | 118.99 (17) | C1—C6—H6 | 119.00 |
C1—C2—C3 | 118.66 (18) | N2G—C1G—N3G | 120.2 (2) |
N31—C3—C4 | 119.27 (19) | N1G—C1G—N2G | 120.2 (2) |
N31—C3—C2 | 118.53 (18) | N1G—C1G—N3G | 119.6 (2) |
O31—N31—C3—C2 | −5.8 (3) | C2—C1—C11—O12 | −18.9 (3) |
O31—N31—C3—C4 | 174.9 (2) | C6—C1—C11—O11 | −19.1 (3) |
O32—N31—C3—C2 | 174.4 (2) | C6—C1—C11—O12 | 162.0 (2) |
O32—N31—C3—C4 | −4.9 (3) | C1—C2—C3—N31 | −179.5 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −0.4 (3) | C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.2 (3) |
C11—C1—C2—C3 | −179.5 (2) | N31—C3—C4—C5 | 179.6 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 1.0 (3) | C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.4 (3) |
C11—C1—C6—C5 | −180.0 (2) | C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.2 (3) |
C2—C1—C11—O11 | 160.0 (2) | C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.8 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1G—H11G···O12 | 0.82 (3) | 2.48 (3) | 3.161 (3) | 142 (3) |
N1G—H12G···O12i | 0.83 (3) | 2.09 (3) | 2.887 (3) | 162 (3) |
N2G—H21G···O11i | 0.91 (3) | 2.42 (3) | 3.292 (3) | 160 (2) |
N2G—H21G···O12i | 0.91 (3) | 2.43 (3) | 3.159 (3) | 137 (2) |
N2G—H22G···O11ii | 0.86 (3) | 2.29 (3) | 3.020 (3) | 143 (3) |
N3G—H31G···O11ii | 0.86 (3) | 1.97 (3) | 2.783 (3) | 157 (3) |
N3G—H32G···O12 | 0.91 (3) | 1.90 (3) | 2.794 (3) | 166 (3) |
C4—H4···O31iii | 0.93 | 2.57 | 3.355 (3) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (iii) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | CH6N3+·C7H4NO4− |
Mr | 226.20 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 297 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.3978 (12), 10.1302 (12), 13.7118 (17) |
V (Å3) | 1027.6 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.12 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.30 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Oxford Diffraction Gemini-S CCD-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2009) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.94, 0.98 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7455, 1252, 1092 |
Rint | 0.030 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.628 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.035, 0.096, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 1252 |
No. of parameters | 169 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.15, −0.16 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis PRO (Oxford Diffraction, 2009), SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008) within WinGX (Farrugia, 1999), PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1G—H11G···O12 | 0.82 (3) | 2.48 (3) | 3.161 (3) | 142 (3) |
N1G—H12G···O12i | 0.83 (3) | 2.09 (3) | 2.887 (3) | 162 (3) |
N2G—H21G···O11i | 0.91 (3) | 2.42 (3) | 3.292 (3) | 160 (2) |
N2G—H21G···O12i | 0.91 (3) | 2.43 (3) | 3.159 (3) | 137 (2) |
N2G—H22G···O11ii | 0.86 (3) | 2.29 (3) | 3.020 (3) | 143 (3) |
N3G—H31G···O11ii | 0.86 (3) | 1.97 (3) | 2.783 (3) | 157 (3) |
N3G—H32G···O12 | 0.91 (3) | 1.90 (3) | 2.794 (3) | 166 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) x−1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge financial support from the Australian Research Council, the Faculty of Science and Technology, Queensland University of Technology and the School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University.
References
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The structures of the guanidinium salts of the simple benzoic acids are not numerous in the crystallographic literature, being limited to the benzoate (Pereira Silva et al., 2007), 4-aminobenzoate (Pereira Silva et al., 2010) and 4-nitrobenzoate (Kleb et al., 1998). In these anhydrous structures and those of the anhydrous guanidinium salts of aromatic carboxylates generally, the cations give variously cyclic hydrogen-bonding interactions which may be classified by the graph sets R22(8), R12(4) or R21(6) (Etter et al., 1990). Our 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of 3-nitrobenzoic acid with guanidinium carbonate in methanol gave large relatively hard, chemically stable crystals of guanidinium 3-nitrobenzoate, CH6N3+ C7H4NO4- (I), and the structure is reported here.
In the structure of (I) each guanidinium cation is involved in three cyclic R21(6) hydrogen-bonding associations (Table 1) with separate carboxylate O-acceptors (Figs. 1, 2). Further peripheral associations include a cyclic R12(4) cation–anion interaction, form inter-linked undulating sheets which give a three-dimensional framework structure (Fig. 3).
The carboxylate group of the anion is rotated slightly out of the plane of the benzene ring [torsion angle C2–C1–C11–O11, 160.0 (2)°]. However, the unassociated nitro group is essentially coplanar with the ring [torsion angle C2–C3–N31–O32, 174.4 (2)°].