metal-organic compounds
Bis{1-[(E)-(2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]-2-naphtholato}palladium(II)
aDepartment of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan, and bR&D department, Min Chung Technology, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
*Correspondence e-mail: btko@cycu.edu.tw
In the title compound, [Pd(C17H13N2O)2], the PdII atom is tetracoordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms from two bidentate methylphenyldiazenylnaphtolate ligands, forming a square-planar complex. The two N atoms and two O atoms around the PdII atom are trans to each other (as the PdII atom lies on a crystallographic inversion centre) with O—Pd—N bond angles of 89.60 (11) and 90.40 (11)°. The distances between the PdII atom and the coordinated O and N atoms are 1.966 (3) and 2.009 (3) Å, respectively.
Related literature
For the Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of palladium complexes with N,O-bidentate ligands or imine–phenol ligands, see: Lai et al. (2005). For the synthesis and characterization of a bis(phenoxyketimine) Pd(II) complex, see: Brayton et al. (2009). For a related structure: see: Tsai et al. (2009).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT-Plus; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810028916/nk2047sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810028916/nk2047Isup2.hkl
The title compound (I) was synthesized by the following procedures:
(E)-1-(o-tolyldiazenyl)naphthalen-2-ol (0.52 g, 2.0 mmol) and Pd(OAc)2 (0.22 g, 1.0 mmol) was stirred at 298 K in THF (25 ml) for 24 h. Volatile materials were removed under vacuum and the residue was washed twice from hexane solution to give dark purple solids. The resulting solids were crystallized from CH2Cl2/Hexane (1:5) solution to yield purple crystals.
The H atoms were placed in idealized positions and constrained to ride on their parent atoms, with C–H = 0.93 Å with Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq(C) for phenyl hydrogen; 0.96 Å with Uiso(H) = 1.5 Ueq(C) for CH3 group.
1-Phenylazo-2-naphtol (PAN-H) derivatives are widely used as an orange-red appearance for the additive of colour waxes, oil, petrol, solvents and polishes. In term of coordination chemistry, the phenylazo-naphtolate group can provide N,O-bidentate
to stabilize the transition metal or main group metal complexes. Recently, Lai et al. (2005) reported the palladium complexes supported by N,O-bidentate ligands and the imine-phenol ligands in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 have been demonstrated effectively to catalyze Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. Most recently, the air- and moisture-stable bis(phenoxyketimine) Pd(II) complex has been synthesized and characterized (Brayton et al., 2009). In addition, its activity as the precatalyst in the Suzuki–Miyaura crosscoupling reaction has been studied, and it catalyzes the coupling of unactivated aryl bromides with in good yields under mild temperature and short reaction time. Therefore, our group is interested in the synthesis and preparation of palladium complexes derived from N, O-bidentate ligands. For example, our group has successfully synthesized and structural characterized the Pd complex (II) with 4-methyl-2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-phenolate ligands (Tsai et al., 2009). We report herein the synthesis and of N, O-bidentate phenylazo-naphtolate ligands incorporated PdII complex (I), a potential catalyst for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions (Scheme 1).The solid structure of (I) reveals a monomeric PdII complex (Fig. 1) containing two six-membered rings coordinated from these two N, O-bidentate phenylazo-naphtolate ligands. It was found that the
has one half of molecule in which the Pd atom lies on a centre of symmetry. The geometry around Pd atom is tetra-coordinated with a normal square planar environment in which two nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms are coplanar. The two N atoms and two O atoms around Pd atom are trans to each other with an O—Pd—N2 bond angle of 89.60 (11)° and O—Pd—N2i of 90.40 (11)°. The distances between the Pd atom and O and N2 are 1.966 (3) Å, 2.009 (3) Å, respectively. These bond distances and angles are similar to those found in the of bis[4-methyl-2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenolato]Palladium (II) (Tsai et al., 2009).For the Suzuki cross-coupling reactions of palladium complexes with N,O-bidentate ligands or imine–phenol ligands, see: Lai et al. (2005). For the synthesis and characterization of a bis(phenoxyketimine) Pd(II) complex, see: Brayton et al. (2009). For a related structure: see: Tsai et al. (2009).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell
SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. A view of the I with the atom numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. Symmetry operator: i, -x+1/2, -y+3/2, -z+2. |
[Pd(C17H13N2O)2] | F(000) = 1280 |
Mr = 628.99 | Dx = 1.522 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 7356 reflections |
a = 22.9997 (7) Å | θ = 2.3–28.2° |
b = 4.8374 (2) Å | µ = 0.72 mm−1 |
c = 24.7294 (7) Å | T = 296 K |
β = 94.151 (2)° | Block, purple |
V = 2744.15 (16) Å3 | 0.53 × 0.28 × 0.15 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3412 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2463 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.029 |
Detector resolution: 8.3333 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 1.7° |
φ and ω scans | h = −29→30 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | k = −6→6 |
Tmin = 0.783, Tmax = 0.900 | l = −32→32 |
12830 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.034 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.091 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0308P)2 + 8.4214P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3412 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
187 parameters | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.39 e Å−3 |
[Pd(C17H13N2O)2] | V = 2744.15 (16) Å3 |
Mr = 628.99 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 22.9997 (7) Å | µ = 0.72 mm−1 |
b = 4.8374 (2) Å | T = 296 K |
c = 24.7294 (7) Å | 0.53 × 0.28 × 0.15 mm |
β = 94.151 (2)° |
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 3412 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) | 2463 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.783, Tmax = 0.900 | Rint = 0.029 |
12830 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.034 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.091 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
3412 reflections | Δρmin = −0.39 e Å−3 |
187 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R– factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Pd | 0.2500 | 0.7500 | 1.0000 | 0.03581 (10) | |
O | 0.25231 (10) | 0.8334 (5) | 0.92226 (8) | 0.0515 (6) | |
N1 | 0.34684 (10) | 0.4378 (5) | 0.95474 (9) | 0.0395 (5) | |
N2 | 0.32263 (10) | 0.5212 (5) | 0.99676 (9) | 0.0383 (5) | |
C1 | 0.28284 (12) | 0.7041 (7) | 0.88889 (11) | 0.0412 (7) | |
C2 | 0.32620 (11) | 0.5049 (7) | 0.90302 (10) | 0.0383 (6) | |
C3 | 0.35764 (12) | 0.3717 (7) | 0.86127 (11) | 0.0418 (7) | |
C4 | 0.40016 (14) | 0.1696 (8) | 0.87324 (13) | 0.0528 (8) | |
H4A | 0.4087 | 0.1152 | 0.9090 | 0.063* | |
C5 | 0.42950 (15) | 0.0503 (9) | 0.83250 (15) | 0.0667 (11) | |
H5A | 0.4575 | −0.0845 | 0.8410 | 0.080* | |
C6 | 0.41752 (17) | 0.1303 (11) | 0.77874 (15) | 0.0745 (12) | |
H6A | 0.4381 | 0.0519 | 0.7516 | 0.089* | |
C7 | 0.37581 (16) | 0.3227 (9) | 0.76598 (13) | 0.0625 (10) | |
H7A | 0.3675 | 0.3721 | 0.7299 | 0.075* | |
C8 | 0.34474 (13) | 0.4492 (8) | 0.80650 (12) | 0.0485 (8) | |
C9 | 0.30133 (14) | 0.6511 (8) | 0.79407 (12) | 0.0539 (8) | |
H9A | 0.2930 | 0.7018 | 0.7581 | 0.065* | |
C10 | 0.27170 (14) | 0.7722 (7) | 0.83272 (12) | 0.0492 (8) | |
H10A | 0.2433 | 0.9031 | 0.8227 | 0.059* | |
C11 | 0.35700 (12) | 0.4466 (6) | 1.04613 (11) | 0.0388 (6) | |
C12 | 0.33396 (14) | 0.2599 (7) | 1.08096 (12) | 0.0457 (7) | |
H12A | 0.2972 | 0.1845 | 1.0727 | 0.055* | |
C13 | 0.36591 (17) | 0.1857 (8) | 1.12820 (14) | 0.0611 (10) | |
H13A | 0.3510 | 0.0577 | 1.1516 | 0.073* | |
C14 | 0.41908 (16) | 0.3001 (9) | 1.14040 (14) | 0.0651 (11) | |
H14A | 0.4403 | 0.2519 | 1.1725 | 0.078* | |
C15 | 0.44195 (14) | 0.4868 (9) | 1.10574 (13) | 0.0596 (9) | |
H15A | 0.4786 | 0.5620 | 1.1148 | 0.071* | |
C16 | 0.41154 (12) | 0.5661 (7) | 1.05728 (12) | 0.0440 (7) | |
C17 | 0.43715 (16) | 0.7699 (8) | 1.02047 (16) | 0.0627 (10) | |
H17A | 0.4105 | 0.8002 | 0.9893 | 0.094* | |
H17B | 0.4733 | 0.6992 | 1.0090 | 0.094* | |
H17C | 0.4441 | 0.9413 | 1.0394 | 0.094* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Pd | 0.03590 (16) | 0.04187 (19) | 0.02960 (14) | 0.00156 (14) | 0.00184 (10) | 0.00060 (13) |
O | 0.0571 (13) | 0.0640 (16) | 0.0342 (10) | 0.0177 (11) | 0.0081 (9) | 0.0076 (10) |
N1 | 0.0398 (12) | 0.0433 (15) | 0.0354 (11) | 0.0000 (11) | 0.0026 (9) | −0.0019 (11) |
N2 | 0.0404 (11) | 0.0421 (15) | 0.0323 (11) | 0.0021 (11) | 0.0021 (9) | 0.0013 (10) |
C1 | 0.0402 (14) | 0.052 (2) | 0.0315 (13) | −0.0049 (13) | 0.0044 (10) | 0.0024 (12) |
C2 | 0.0361 (13) | 0.0445 (18) | 0.0347 (13) | −0.0046 (13) | 0.0039 (10) | −0.0028 (12) |
C3 | 0.0395 (14) | 0.0472 (18) | 0.0391 (14) | −0.0061 (14) | 0.0050 (11) | −0.0055 (14) |
C4 | 0.0454 (16) | 0.066 (2) | 0.0477 (17) | 0.0004 (16) | 0.0053 (13) | −0.0095 (16) |
C5 | 0.0541 (19) | 0.079 (3) | 0.068 (2) | 0.010 (2) | 0.0079 (16) | −0.021 (2) |
C6 | 0.064 (2) | 0.104 (3) | 0.057 (2) | 0.000 (2) | 0.0198 (18) | −0.029 (2) |
C7 | 0.065 (2) | 0.085 (3) | 0.0382 (16) | −0.011 (2) | 0.0101 (15) | −0.0117 (17) |
C8 | 0.0511 (16) | 0.057 (2) | 0.0376 (14) | −0.0127 (16) | 0.0069 (12) | −0.0082 (14) |
C9 | 0.0611 (19) | 0.069 (2) | 0.0310 (14) | −0.0072 (18) | 0.0005 (13) | 0.0014 (15) |
C10 | 0.0522 (17) | 0.060 (2) | 0.0348 (14) | 0.0043 (16) | 0.0003 (12) | 0.0058 (15) |
C11 | 0.0445 (14) | 0.0389 (17) | 0.0331 (13) | 0.0084 (13) | 0.0033 (11) | 0.0005 (12) |
C12 | 0.0480 (16) | 0.0443 (18) | 0.0450 (15) | 0.0010 (15) | 0.0046 (12) | 0.0043 (15) |
C13 | 0.071 (2) | 0.065 (3) | 0.0487 (18) | 0.0165 (19) | 0.0145 (16) | 0.0212 (17) |
C14 | 0.062 (2) | 0.092 (3) | 0.0404 (16) | 0.020 (2) | −0.0032 (15) | 0.0148 (18) |
C15 | 0.0460 (17) | 0.078 (3) | 0.0535 (19) | 0.0068 (18) | −0.0068 (14) | −0.0013 (19) |
C16 | 0.0412 (14) | 0.048 (2) | 0.0431 (15) | 0.0036 (14) | 0.0017 (12) | 0.0015 (14) |
C17 | 0.0535 (19) | 0.068 (3) | 0.067 (2) | −0.0060 (18) | 0.0039 (16) | 0.0064 (19) |
Pd—O | 1.9687 (19) | C7—H7A | 0.9300 |
Pd—Oi | 1.9688 (19) | C8—C9 | 1.414 (5) |
Pd—N2 | 2.010 (2) | C9—C10 | 1.347 (5) |
Pd—N2i | 2.010 (2) | C9—H9A | 0.9300 |
O—C1 | 1.284 (4) | C10—H10A | 0.9300 |
N1—N2 | 1.279 (3) | C11—C12 | 1.380 (4) |
N1—C2 | 1.371 (3) | C11—C16 | 1.390 (4) |
N2—C11 | 1.451 (3) | C12—C13 | 1.382 (4) |
C1—C2 | 1.412 (4) | C12—H12A | 0.9300 |
C1—C10 | 1.433 (4) | C13—C14 | 1.356 (5) |
C2—C3 | 1.453 (4) | C13—H13A | 0.9300 |
C3—C4 | 1.399 (5) | C14—C15 | 1.375 (5) |
C3—C8 | 1.416 (4) | C14—H14A | 0.9300 |
C4—C5 | 1.379 (5) | C15—C16 | 1.397 (4) |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | C15—H15A | 0.9300 |
C5—C6 | 1.393 (5) | C16—C17 | 1.492 (5) |
C5—H5A | 0.9300 | C17—H17A | 0.9600 |
C6—C7 | 1.357 (6) | C17—H17B | 0.9600 |
C6—H6A | 0.9300 | C17—H17C | 0.9600 |
C7—C8 | 1.412 (4) | ||
O—Pd—Oi | 180.00 (13) | C7—C8—C3 | 118.9 (3) |
O—Pd—N2 | 89.58 (9) | C9—C8—C3 | 119.1 (3) |
Oi—Pd—N2 | 90.43 (9) | C10—C9—C8 | 122.1 (3) |
O—Pd—N2i | 90.43 (9) | C10—C9—H9A | 119.0 |
Oi—Pd—N2i | 89.57 (9) | C8—C9—H9A | 119.0 |
N2—Pd—N2i | 180.00 (14) | C9—C10—C1 | 121.6 (3) |
C1—O—Pd | 125.6 (2) | C9—C10—H10A | 119.2 |
N2—N1—C2 | 122.8 (2) | C1—C10—H10A | 119.2 |
N1—N2—C11 | 111.3 (2) | C12—C11—C16 | 122.0 (3) |
N1—N2—Pd | 128.15 (18) | C12—C11—N2 | 118.5 (3) |
C11—N2—Pd | 120.46 (17) | C16—C11—N2 | 119.5 (3) |
O—C1—C2 | 125.6 (3) | C11—C12—C13 | 119.5 (3) |
O—C1—C10 | 116.3 (3) | C11—C12—H12A | 120.2 |
C2—C1—C10 | 118.0 (3) | C13—C12—H12A | 120.2 |
N1—C2—C1 | 125.7 (3) | C14—C13—C12 | 119.9 (3) |
N1—C2—C3 | 113.7 (3) | C14—C13—H13A | 120.1 |
C1—C2—C3 | 120.4 (3) | C12—C13—H13A | 120.1 |
C4—C3—C8 | 118.8 (3) | C13—C14—C15 | 120.6 (3) |
C4—C3—C2 | 122.4 (3) | C13—C14—H14A | 119.7 |
C8—C3—C2 | 118.8 (3) | C15—C14—H14A | 119.7 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.6 (3) | C14—C15—C16 | 121.6 (3) |
C5—C4—H4A | 119.7 | C14—C15—H15A | 119.2 |
C3—C4—H4A | 119.7 | C16—C15—H15A | 119.2 |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.5 (4) | C11—C16—C15 | 116.4 (3) |
C4—C5—H5A | 119.7 | C11—C16—C17 | 123.0 (3) |
C6—C5—H5A | 119.7 | C15—C16—C17 | 120.6 (3) |
C7—C6—C5 | 120.0 (3) | C16—C17—H17A | 109.5 |
C7—C6—H6A | 120.0 | C16—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
C5—C6—H6A | 120.0 | H17A—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
C6—C7—C8 | 121.2 (3) | C16—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
C6—C7—H7A | 119.4 | H17A—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
C8—C7—H7A | 119.4 | H17B—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
C7—C8—C9 | 122.0 (3) | ||
N2—Pd—O—C1 | 15.3 (3) | C6—C7—C8—C3 | −0.1 (6) |
N2i—Pd—O—C1 | −164.7 (3) | C4—C3—C8—C7 | −0.9 (5) |
C2—N1—N2—C11 | −173.5 (3) | C2—C3—C8—C7 | 179.2 (3) |
C2—N1—N2—Pd | 2.2 (4) | C4—C3—C8—C9 | 179.3 (3) |
O—Pd—N2—N1 | −12.3 (3) | C2—C3—C8—C9 | −0.7 (5) |
Oi—Pd—N2—N1 | 167.7 (3) | C7—C8—C9—C10 | −179.9 (3) |
O—Pd—N2—C11 | 163.1 (2) | C3—C8—C9—C10 | −0.1 (5) |
Oi—Pd—N2—C11 | −16.9 (2) | C8—C9—C10—C1 | 0.4 (5) |
Pd—O—C1—C2 | −9.3 (5) | O—C1—C10—C9 | 179.6 (3) |
Pd—O—C1—C10 | 171.2 (2) | C2—C1—C10—C9 | 0.1 (5) |
N2—N1—C2—C1 | 10.7 (5) | N1—N2—C11—C12 | −114.3 (3) |
N2—N1—C2—C3 | −175.7 (3) | Pd—N2—C11—C12 | 69.6 (3) |
O—C1—C2—N1 | −7.1 (5) | N1—N2—C11—C16 | 66.3 (4) |
C10—C1—C2—N1 | 172.4 (3) | Pd—N2—C11—C16 | −109.8 (3) |
O—C1—C2—C3 | 179.7 (3) | C16—C11—C12—C13 | −0.7 (5) |
C10—C1—C2—C3 | −0.9 (4) | N2—C11—C12—C13 | 180.0 (3) |
N1—C2—C3—C4 | 7.2 (4) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 1.1 (5) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −178.8 (3) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.9 (6) |
N1—C2—C3—C8 | −172.9 (3) | C13—C14—C15—C16 | 0.3 (6) |
C1—C2—C3—C8 | 1.2 (4) | C12—C11—C16—C15 | 0.1 (5) |
C8—C3—C4—C5 | 0.8 (5) | N2—C11—C16—C15 | 179.4 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −179.3 (3) | C12—C11—C16—C17 | −179.5 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.4 (6) | N2—C11—C16—C17 | −0.2 (5) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −1.4 (7) | C14—C15—C16—C11 | 0.1 (5) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 1.3 (7) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | 179.7 (4) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | 179.7 (4) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z+2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Pd(C17H13N2O)2] |
Mr | 628.99 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 296 |
a, b, c (Å) | 22.9997 (7), 4.8374 (2), 24.7294 (7) |
β (°) | 94.151 (2) |
V (Å3) | 2744.15 (16) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.72 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.53 × 0.28 × 0.15 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEXII CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2008) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.783, 0.900 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 12830, 3412, 2463 |
Rint | 0.029 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.667 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.034, 0.091, 1.01 |
No. of reflections | 3412 |
No. of parameters | 187 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.57, −0.39 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008), SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008), DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006).
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge financial support in part from the National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC97–2113-M-033–005-MY2) and in part from the CYCU Distinctive Research Area project in Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan (CYCU–98–CR–CH).
References
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1-Phenylazo-2-naphtol (PAN-H) derivatives are widely used as an orange-red appearance for the additive of colour waxes, oil, petrol, solvents and polishes. In term of coordination chemistry, the phenylazo-naphtolate group can provide N,O-bidentate chelation to stabilize the transition metal or main group metal complexes. Recently, Lai et al. (2005) reported the palladium complexes supported by N,O-bidentate ligands and the imine-phenol ligands in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 have been demonstrated effectively to catalyze Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. Most recently, the air- and moisture-stable bis(phenoxyketimine) Pd(II) complex has been synthesized and characterized (Brayton et al., 2009). In addition, its activity as the precatalyst in the Suzuki–Miyaura crosscoupling reaction has been studied, and it catalyzes the coupling of unactivated aryl bromides with boronic acids in good yields under mild temperature and short reaction time. Therefore, our group is interested in the synthesis and preparation of palladium complexes derived from N, O-bidentate ligands. For example, our group has successfully synthesized and structural characterized the Pd complex (II) with 4-methyl-2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-phenolate ligands (Tsai et al., 2009). We report herein the synthesis and crystal structure of N, O-bidentate phenylazo-naphtolate ligands incorporated PdII complex (I), a potential catalyst for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reactions (Scheme 1).
The solid structure of (I) reveals a monomeric PdII complex (Fig. 1) containing two six-membered rings coordinated from these two N, O-bidentate phenylazo-naphtolate ligands. It was found that the asymmetric unit has one half of molecule in which the Pd atom lies on a centre of symmetry. The geometry around Pd atom is tetra-coordinated with a normal square planar environment in which two nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms are coplanar. The two N atoms and two O atoms around Pd atom are trans to each other with an O—Pd—N2 bond angle of 89.60 (11)° and O—Pd—N2i of 90.40 (11)°. The distances between the Pd atom and O and N2 are 1.966 (3) Å, 2.009 (3) Å, respectively. These bond distances and angles are similar to those found in the crystal structure of bis[4-methyl-2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenolato]Palladium (II) (Tsai et al., 2009).