organic compounds
2,3;5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-1-O-(2-phenylacetyl)-α-D-mannofuranose
aDepartment of Chemistry, Youngstown State University, 1 University Plaza, Youngstown, OH 44555-3663, USA
*Correspondence e-mail: mzeller@ysu.edu
The title compound, C20H26O7, was prepared by esterification of 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose with phenylacetic acid under standard DCC/DMAP (DCC = dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) conditions. The solid-state structure confirms the retention of the α-configuration at the anomeric C atom. The compound is characterized by a relatively rigid framework with only a few Comparison with other di-O-isopropylidenemannofuranose derivatives shows the main differences to be associated with the flexible dimethyldioxolane ring, and that there are only small differences for the 2,3-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose backbone. The packing is marked by a large number of weak C—H⋯O interactions.
Related literature
For general background, see: Sacui et al. (2008). For related structures, see: Aebischer et al. (1982); Dang et al. (2001); Miner et al. (2004); Sheldrick et al. (1985); Zhao et al. (2006). For details of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART for WNT/2000 (Bruker, 2002); cell SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT-Plus; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810032368/bv2157sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810032368/bv2157Isup2.hkl
The title compound was prepared from 1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose by esterification with phenylacetic acid using standard DCC/DMAP (DCC = dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) conditions in a similar fashion to that described earlier (Sacui et al., 2008). A colorless solid was obtained after (silica gel, 4:1 hexanes–EtOAc). Crystallization from 95% ethyl alcohol yielded colourless crystals suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Treatment of hydrogen atoms: Hydrogen atoms have been added in calculated positions with C—H bond lengths between 0.95 and 1.00 Å and have been refined with an isotropic displacement parameter of 1.5 times (CH3) or 1.2 times (C—H and CH2) that of the equivalent isotropic displacement parameter of the adjacent carbon atom. Methyl H atoms were allowed to rotate to best fit the experimental electron density.
Assignment of
Friedel pairs have been merged before The assignment is based on the known configuration of carbon atoms retaining their configuration during the synthesis.The title compound, 1-O-(2-phenylacetyl)-2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose, was prepared as part of our ongoing work on the synthesis and metal-catalyzed decomposition of carbohydrate-derived (Sacui et al., 2008). It was prepared by esterification of commercially available 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose with phenylacetic acid under standard DCC/DMAP (DCC = dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) conditions. From 1H NMR data, the precursor lactol (before esterification) exists in solution only as the α-anomer, which is in agreement with the reported solid state structure (Sheldrick et al., 1985; Miner et al., 2004). 1H NMR data point in the same direction for the title compound. To obtain proof of the configuration of the title compound in the solid state we investigated its structure by single-crystal diffraction.
Slow evaporation of a solution of the compound in 95% ethyl alcohol led to formation of crystals of the title compound that could be analyzed by single-crystal diffraction. The compound crystallizes in an orthorhombic setting in P212121 with one crystallographically independent molecule. The solid state structure confirms retention of the α-configuration at C-1 of the furanose ring under the conditions of the DCC-promoted esterification.
No strong directional intermolecular interactions are present in the structure of the title compound. For the carbohydrate part of the molecules the packing is instead marked by a large number of weaker C—H···O interactions as depicted in Fig. 2 (for numerical values, see Table 1). The phenyl rings are not involved in any π–π stacking interactions but instead they do group with the isopropylidene moieties to form layers perpendicular to the (110) plane characterized by the absence of any directional forces. Thus a semi-layered structure is created with alternating sections dominated by C—H···O interactions (the carbohydrate layers) and layers with only van der Waals / dispersion forces (the phenyl-isopropylidene layers).
All bond lengths and angles in the title compound are within the expected ranges for an organic compound. For the dihedral angles, most are fixed by the rigid backbone of the isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton, and the molecule exhibits only a few selected β connection at carbon C1 (QEMKID, Zhao et al., 2006). The other two compounds are the lactol itself (CUFYIL, Sheldrick et al., 1985; Miner et al., 2004), and the 1-O-methyl derivative of the title compound (BOXQAG, Dang et al., 2001). Least square overlays of the latter two with the title compound are shown in Figs. 3a and 3b (title compound in red). The 2,3-O-isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton in all three compounds shows only small deviations and virtually all conformational differences are limited to the more flexible second isopropylidene moiety, which is rotated differently when compared to the title compound and which also exhibits different types of envelope conformations: In the title compound the isopropylidene unit is out of plane with the other four atoms constituting the five membered ring. In the methyl derivative it is the C—H group, and in the lactol, the methylene group, thus confirming that the energies of the different conformers of the dimethyldioxolane rings are indeed very close. For compound QEMKID (Zhao et al., 2006), which features a β connection at carbon C1, a different conformation is also found for the actual sugar with C1 and O1 changing their roles in the five membered ring (Figure 3c). Overall, the of the title compound provides evidence that appending an ester group at C-1 does little to alter the conformation of the mannofuranose ring.
This becomes clearly apparent when, for example, comparing the title compound with other related compounds with a 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton. A search in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (version 5.31, 2010; Allen, 2002) revealed four related compounds, one of which has an L-mannofuranose sugar (BIRFUD, Aebischer et al., 1982), and one aFor general background, see: Sacui et al. (2008). For related structures, see: Aebischer et al. (1982); Dang et al. (2001); Miner et al. (2004); Sheldrick et al. (1985); Zhao et al. (2006). For details of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2002); cell
SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2003); data reduction: SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2003); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).C20H26O7 | F(000) = 808 |
Mr = 378.41 | Dx = 1.356 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 9604 reflections |
a = 5.6174 (3) Å | θ = 2.9–30.4° |
b = 13.0946 (8) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
c = 25.2021 (15) Å | T = 100 K |
V = 1853.81 (19) Å3 | Block, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.60 × 0.33 × 0.12 mm |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 2668 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2652 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.040 |
ω scans | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 1.6° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS in SAINT-Plus; Bruker, 2003) | h = −7→7 |
Tmin = 0.812, Tmax = 0.988 | k = −17→17 |
18953 measured reflections | l = −32→33 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.051 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.117 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.33 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0345P)2 + 1.2578P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2668 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
248 parameters | Δρmax = 0.37 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.26 e Å−3 |
C20H26O7 | V = 1853.81 (19) Å3 |
Mr = 378.41 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 5.6174 (3) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
b = 13.0946 (8) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 25.2021 (15) Å | 0.60 × 0.33 × 0.12 mm |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 2668 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS in SAINT-Plus; Bruker, 2003) | 2652 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.812, Tmax = 0.988 | Rint = 0.040 |
18953 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.051 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.117 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.33 | Δρmax = 0.37 e Å−3 |
2668 reflections | Δρmin = −0.26 e Å−3 |
248 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.9107 (3) | 0.56927 (14) | 0.25276 (7) | 0.0161 (4) | |
O6 | 0.9344 (4) | 0.81639 (14) | 0.35444 (8) | 0.0199 (4) | |
O7 | 1.1329 (3) | 0.56059 (15) | 0.14428 (7) | 0.0193 (4) | |
O2 | 0.7450 (3) | 0.56285 (14) | 0.16757 (7) | 0.0167 (4) | |
O4 | 0.5450 (4) | 0.47655 (14) | 0.33085 (7) | 0.0200 (4) | |
O3 | 0.5940 (4) | 0.37204 (14) | 0.26113 (8) | 0.0230 (4) | |
O5 | 0.6671 (3) | 0.69122 (14) | 0.36960 (7) | 0.0184 (4) | |
C5 | 0.8432 (5) | 0.6452 (2) | 0.33622 (10) | 0.0166 (5) | |
H5 | 0.9090 | 0.5824 | 0.3534 | 0.020* | |
C13 | 0.9301 (5) | 0.57991 (19) | 0.13408 (10) | 0.0155 (5) | |
C3 | 0.5230 (5) | 0.54195 (19) | 0.28614 (9) | 0.0140 (5) | |
H3 | 0.3639 | 0.5761 | 0.2846 | 0.017* | |
C18 | 1.2659 (6) | 0.5338 (2) | −0.04967 (10) | 0.0250 (6) | |
H18 | 1.3616 | 0.5120 | −0.0786 | 0.030* | |
C17 | 1.0503 (6) | 0.4865 (2) | −0.03966 (11) | 0.0257 (6) | |
H17 | 0.9964 | 0.4330 | −0.0621 | 0.031* | |
C4 | 0.7276 (5) | 0.61858 (19) | 0.28397 (9) | 0.0147 (5) | |
H4 | 0.6738 | 0.6824 | 0.2657 | 0.018* | |
C16 | 0.9133 (5) | 0.5172 (2) | 0.00314 (11) | 0.0208 (6) | |
H16 | 0.7668 | 0.4836 | 0.0102 | 0.025* | |
C10 | 0.7721 (5) | 0.77973 (19) | 0.39329 (10) | 0.0167 (5) | |
C2 | 0.5653 (5) | 0.47073 (19) | 0.23826 (10) | 0.0158 (5) | |
H2 | 0.4323 | 0.4733 | 0.2119 | 0.019* | |
C15 | 0.9879 (5) | 0.59677 (19) | 0.03595 (9) | 0.0162 (5) | |
C12 | 0.5801 (6) | 0.8580 (2) | 0.40282 (12) | 0.0248 (6) | |
H12A | 0.6512 | 0.9201 | 0.4176 | 0.037* | |
H12B | 0.4629 | 0.8305 | 0.4278 | 0.037* | |
H12C | 0.5013 | 0.8743 | 0.3692 | 0.037* | |
C20 | 1.2031 (5) | 0.6441 (2) | 0.02492 (10) | 0.0192 (5) | |
H20 | 1.2561 | 0.6986 | 0.0468 | 0.023* | |
C8 | 0.2243 (5) | 0.3600 (2) | 0.31076 (11) | 0.0183 (5) | |
H8A | 0.1581 | 0.3657 | 0.3466 | 0.028* | |
H8B | 0.1902 | 0.2920 | 0.2964 | 0.028* | |
H8C | 0.1520 | 0.4120 | 0.2879 | 0.028* | |
C1 | 0.8021 (4) | 0.50643 (19) | 0.21488 (9) | 0.0145 (5) | |
H1 | 0.9061 | 0.4467 | 0.2063 | 0.017* | |
C6 | 1.0386 (5) | 0.72767 (19) | 0.33117 (10) | 0.0178 (5) | |
H6A | 1.1843 | 0.7072 | 0.3505 | 0.021* | |
H6B | 1.0795 | 0.7399 | 0.2935 | 0.021* | |
C9 | 0.6133 (5) | 0.3004 (3) | 0.34852 (14) | 0.0324 (8) | |
H9A | 0.7855 | 0.3125 | 0.3482 | 0.049* | |
H9B | 0.5804 | 0.2310 | 0.3359 | 0.049* | |
H9C | 0.5528 | 0.3081 | 0.3848 | 0.049* | |
C19 | 1.3418 (5) | 0.6130 (2) | −0.01758 (11) | 0.0225 (6) | |
H19 | 1.4890 | 0.6461 | −0.0247 | 0.027* | |
C7 | 0.4927 (5) | 0.3763 (2) | 0.31284 (10) | 0.0176 (5) | |
C11 | 0.9020 (6) | 0.7498 (2) | 0.44388 (11) | 0.0244 (6) | |
H11A | 1.0245 | 0.6989 | 0.4356 | 0.037* | |
H11B | 0.7882 | 0.7208 | 0.4692 | 0.037* | |
H11C | 0.9770 | 0.8104 | 0.4594 | 0.037* | |
C14 | 0.8400 (5) | 0.6279 (2) | 0.08310 (10) | 0.0215 (6) | |
H14A | 0.6727 | 0.6071 | 0.0772 | 0.026* | |
H14B | 0.8436 | 0.7032 | 0.0866 | 0.026* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0129 (8) | 0.0187 (9) | 0.0166 (8) | −0.0001 (8) | 0.0006 (7) | −0.0021 (7) |
O6 | 0.0192 (9) | 0.0144 (8) | 0.0259 (9) | −0.0018 (8) | 0.0071 (8) | −0.0006 (7) |
O7 | 0.0156 (9) | 0.0206 (9) | 0.0216 (9) | −0.0011 (8) | 0.0021 (8) | 0.0027 (8) |
O2 | 0.0154 (9) | 0.0201 (8) | 0.0145 (8) | 0.0026 (8) | 0.0005 (7) | 0.0000 (7) |
O4 | 0.0233 (10) | 0.0199 (9) | 0.0169 (8) | −0.0102 (8) | −0.0028 (8) | 0.0029 (7) |
O3 | 0.0250 (10) | 0.0139 (9) | 0.0300 (10) | 0.0024 (8) | 0.0110 (9) | 0.0008 (8) |
O5 | 0.0172 (9) | 0.0199 (9) | 0.0180 (8) | −0.0060 (8) | 0.0029 (8) | −0.0050 (7) |
C5 | 0.0160 (12) | 0.0179 (11) | 0.0160 (11) | −0.0028 (11) | 0.0003 (10) | 0.0013 (9) |
C13 | 0.0192 (12) | 0.0127 (11) | 0.0146 (11) | 0.0018 (10) | 0.0006 (10) | −0.0026 (9) |
C3 | 0.0128 (11) | 0.0145 (11) | 0.0148 (10) | −0.0010 (9) | −0.0007 (9) | −0.0001 (9) |
C18 | 0.0350 (16) | 0.0256 (13) | 0.0143 (11) | 0.0100 (13) | 0.0066 (12) | 0.0025 (10) |
C17 | 0.0376 (17) | 0.0194 (12) | 0.0200 (12) | 0.0000 (13) | −0.0058 (12) | −0.0029 (10) |
C4 | 0.0152 (11) | 0.0136 (10) | 0.0152 (10) | 0.0009 (10) | 0.0001 (10) | −0.0002 (9) |
C16 | 0.0208 (13) | 0.0176 (12) | 0.0240 (13) | −0.0025 (11) | −0.0035 (11) | 0.0054 (10) |
C10 | 0.0165 (12) | 0.0148 (11) | 0.0187 (11) | −0.0045 (10) | 0.0022 (10) | −0.0016 (9) |
C2 | 0.0137 (11) | 0.0157 (11) | 0.0181 (11) | −0.0010 (10) | 0.0008 (10) | −0.0020 (9) |
C15 | 0.0179 (12) | 0.0166 (11) | 0.0141 (11) | 0.0042 (10) | −0.0010 (10) | 0.0049 (9) |
C12 | 0.0226 (14) | 0.0208 (12) | 0.0309 (14) | 0.0019 (12) | 0.0099 (12) | 0.0019 (11) |
C20 | 0.0222 (13) | 0.0156 (11) | 0.0196 (11) | 0.0017 (11) | −0.0039 (11) | −0.0009 (10) |
C8 | 0.0127 (11) | 0.0183 (12) | 0.0239 (12) | −0.0008 (10) | 0.0009 (10) | −0.0026 (10) |
C1 | 0.0121 (11) | 0.0157 (11) | 0.0157 (10) | 0.0018 (10) | 0.0027 (9) | −0.0005 (9) |
C6 | 0.0168 (12) | 0.0165 (11) | 0.0202 (11) | −0.0016 (10) | 0.0022 (10) | −0.0027 (10) |
C9 | 0.0131 (13) | 0.0340 (16) | 0.0501 (19) | −0.0029 (13) | −0.0004 (13) | 0.0234 (15) |
C19 | 0.0187 (13) | 0.0227 (13) | 0.0262 (13) | 0.0025 (12) | 0.0027 (11) | 0.0076 (11) |
C7 | 0.0130 (11) | 0.0175 (12) | 0.0223 (12) | 0.0000 (10) | −0.0003 (10) | 0.0023 (10) |
C11 | 0.0241 (14) | 0.0281 (14) | 0.0209 (12) | −0.0015 (13) | −0.0035 (12) | −0.0045 (11) |
C14 | 0.0211 (13) | 0.0251 (13) | 0.0183 (12) | 0.0079 (12) | 0.0028 (11) | 0.0039 (10) |
O1—C1 | 1.400 (3) | C10—C12 | 1.507 (4) |
O1—C4 | 1.447 (3) | C10—C11 | 1.520 (4) |
O6—C10 | 1.421 (3) | C2—C1 | 1.528 (3) |
O6—C6 | 1.427 (3) | C2—H2 | 1.0000 |
O7—C13 | 1.195 (3) | C15—C20 | 1.386 (4) |
O2—C13 | 1.358 (3) | C15—C14 | 1.506 (4) |
O2—C1 | 1.439 (3) | C12—H12A | 0.9800 |
O4—C7 | 1.420 (3) | C12—H12B | 0.9800 |
O4—C3 | 1.421 (3) | C12—H12C | 0.9800 |
O3—C7 | 1.423 (3) | C20—C19 | 1.386 (4) |
O3—C2 | 1.424 (3) | C20—H20 | 0.9500 |
O5—C10 | 1.431 (3) | C8—C7 | 1.523 (4) |
O5—C5 | 1.432 (3) | C8—H8A | 0.9800 |
C5—C4 | 1.509 (3) | C8—H8B | 0.9800 |
C5—C6 | 1.545 (4) | C8—H8C | 0.9800 |
C5—H5 | 1.0000 | C1—H1 | 1.0000 |
C13—C14 | 1.517 (3) | C6—H6A | 0.9900 |
C3—C4 | 1.527 (4) | C6—H6B | 0.9900 |
C3—C2 | 1.543 (3) | C9—C7 | 1.502 (4) |
C3—H3 | 1.0000 | C9—H9A | 0.9800 |
C18—C19 | 1.382 (4) | C9—H9B | 0.9800 |
C18—C17 | 1.384 (5) | C9—H9C | 0.9800 |
C18—H18 | 0.9500 | C19—H19 | 0.9500 |
C17—C16 | 1.385 (4) | C11—H11A | 0.9800 |
C17—H17 | 0.9500 | C11—H11B | 0.9800 |
C4—H4 | 1.0000 | C11—H11C | 0.9800 |
C16—C15 | 1.395 (4) | C14—H14A | 0.9900 |
C16—H16 | 0.9500 | C14—H14B | 0.9900 |
C1—O1—C4 | 108.84 (19) | H12A—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
C10—O6—C6 | 105.74 (19) | C10—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C13—O2—C1 | 115.40 (19) | H12A—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C7—O4—C3 | 106.61 (18) | H12B—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
C7—O3—C2 | 106.85 (19) | C19—C20—C15 | 121.0 (3) |
C10—O5—C5 | 107.5 (2) | C19—C20—H20 | 119.5 |
O5—C5—C4 | 108.2 (2) | C15—C20—H20 | 119.5 |
O5—C5—C6 | 104.2 (2) | C7—C8—H8A | 109.5 |
C4—C5—C6 | 113.3 (2) | C7—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
O5—C5—H5 | 110.3 | H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H5 | 110.3 | C7—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 110.3 | H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
O7—C13—O2 | 124.2 (2) | H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
O7—C13—C14 | 126.0 (2) | O1—C1—O2 | 111.1 (2) |
O2—C13—C14 | 109.8 (2) | O1—C1—C2 | 107.23 (19) |
O4—C3—C4 | 111.0 (2) | O2—C1—C2 | 106.4 (2) |
O4—C3—C2 | 104.02 (19) | O1—C1—H1 | 110.6 |
C4—C3—C2 | 104.7 (2) | O2—C1—H1 | 110.6 |
O4—C3—H3 | 112.2 | C2—C1—H1 | 110.6 |
C4—C3—H3 | 112.2 | O6—C6—C5 | 104.1 (2) |
C2—C3—H3 | 112.2 | O6—C6—H6A | 110.9 |
C19—C18—C17 | 120.0 (3) | C5—C6—H6A | 110.9 |
C19—C18—H18 | 120.0 | O6—C6—H6B | 110.9 |
C17—C18—H18 | 120.0 | C5—C6—H6B | 110.9 |
C18—C17—C16 | 119.9 (3) | H6A—C6—H6B | 109.0 |
C18—C17—H17 | 120.1 | C7—C9—H9A | 109.5 |
C16—C17—H17 | 120.1 | C7—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
O1—C4—C5 | 105.8 (2) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
O1—C4—C3 | 105.15 (19) | C7—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C5—C4—C3 | 116.4 (2) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
O1—C4—H4 | 109.8 | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C5—C4—H4 | 109.8 | C18—C19—C20 | 119.9 (3) |
C3—C4—H4 | 109.8 | C18—C19—H19 | 120.0 |
C17—C16—C15 | 120.8 (3) | C20—C19—H19 | 120.0 |
C17—C16—H16 | 119.6 | O4—C7—O3 | 104.2 (2) |
C15—C16—H16 | 119.6 | O4—C7—C9 | 109.1 (2) |
O6—C10—O5 | 104.52 (19) | O3—C7—C9 | 110.0 (2) |
O6—C10—C12 | 109.8 (2) | O4—C7—C8 | 110.2 (2) |
O5—C10—C12 | 108.8 (2) | O3—C7—C8 | 111.0 (2) |
O6—C10—C11 | 110.9 (2) | C9—C7—C8 | 112.0 (2) |
O5—C10—C11 | 109.8 (2) | C10—C11—H11A | 109.5 |
C12—C10—C11 | 112.7 (2) | C10—C11—H11B | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C1 | 109.6 (2) | H11A—C11—H11B | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C3 | 104.44 (19) | C10—C11—H11C | 109.5 |
C1—C2—C3 | 104.5 (2) | H11A—C11—H11C | 109.5 |
O3—C2—H2 | 112.6 | H11B—C11—H11C | 109.5 |
C1—C2—H2 | 112.6 | C15—C14—C13 | 111.8 (2) |
C3—C2—H2 | 112.6 | C15—C14—H14A | 109.3 |
C20—C15—C16 | 118.5 (2) | C13—C14—H14A | 109.3 |
C20—C15—C14 | 121.2 (2) | C15—C14—H14B | 109.3 |
C16—C15—C14 | 120.3 (3) | C13—C14—H14B | 109.3 |
C10—C12—H12A | 109.5 | H14A—C14—H14B | 107.9 |
C10—C12—H12B | 109.5 |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C1—H1···O6i | 1.00 | 2.46 | 3.382 (3) | 153 |
C17—H17···O5ii | 0.95 | 2.54 | 3.483 (3) | 172 |
C2—H2···O7iii | 1.00 | 2.65 | 3.591 (3) | 156 |
C3—H3···O1iii | 1.00 | 2.67 | 3.559 (3) | 148 |
C8—H8C···O1iii | 0.98 | 2.62 | 3.570 (3) | 164 |
C12—H12A···O7iv | 0.98 | 2.70 | 3.323 (4) | 122 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z−1/2; (iii) x−1, y, z; (iv) −x+2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C20H26O7 |
Mr | 378.41 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 5.6174 (3), 13.0946 (8), 25.2021 (15) |
V (Å3) | 1853.81 (19) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.10 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.60 × 0.33 × 0.12 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS in SAINT-Plus; Bruker, 2003) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.812, 0.988 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 18953, 2668, 2652 |
Rint | 0.040 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.667 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.051, 0.117, 1.33 |
No. of reflections | 2668 |
No. of parameters | 248 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.37, −0.26 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2002), SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2003), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C1—H1···O6i | 1.00 | 2.46 | 3.382 (3) | 152.8 |
C17—H17···O5ii | 0.95 | 2.54 | 3.483 (3) | 172.3 |
C2—H2···O7iii | 1.00 | 2.65 | 3.591 (3) | 156.1 |
C3—H3···O1iii | 1.00 | 2.67 | 3.559 (3) | 148.0 |
C8—H8C···O1iii | 0.98 | 2.62 | 3.570 (3) | 163.5 |
C12—H12A···O7iv | 0.98 | 2.70 | 3.323 (4) | 121.9 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z−1/2; (iii) x−1, y, z; (iv) −x+2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
IAS and PN thank the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for financial support (grant No. 43948-B1). The diffractometer was funded by NSF grant No. 0087210, by Ohio Board of Regents grant No. CAP-491 and by YSU.
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
The title compound, 1-O-(2-phenylacetyl)-2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose, was prepared as part of our ongoing work on the synthesis and metal-catalyzed decomposition of carbohydrate-derived diazo compounds (Sacui et al., 2008). It was prepared by esterification of commercially available 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose with phenylacetic acid under standard DCC/DMAP (DCC = dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine) conditions. From 1H NMR data, the precursor lactol (before esterification) exists in solution only as the α-anomer, which is in agreement with the reported solid state structure (Sheldrick et al., 1985; Miner et al., 2004). 1H NMR data point in the same direction for the title compound. To obtain proof of the configuration of the title compound in the solid state we investigated its structure by single-crystal diffraction.
Slow evaporation of a solution of the compound in 95% ethyl alcohol led to formation of crystals of the title compound that could be analyzed by single-crystal diffraction. The compound crystallizes in an orthorhombic setting in P212121 with one crystallographically independent molecule. The solid state structure confirms retention of the α-configuration at C-1 of the furanose ring under the conditions of the DCC-promoted esterification.
No strong directional intermolecular interactions are present in the structure of the title compound. For the carbohydrate part of the molecules the packing is instead marked by a large number of weaker C—H···O interactions as depicted in Fig. 2 (for numerical values, see Table 1). The phenyl rings are not involved in any π–π stacking interactions but instead they do group with the isopropylidene moieties to form layers perpendicular to the (110) plane characterized by the absence of any directional forces. Thus a semi-layered structure is created with alternating sections dominated by C—H···O interactions (the carbohydrate layers) and layers with only van der Waals / dispersion forces (the phenyl-isopropylidene layers).
All bond lengths and angles in the title compound are within the expected ranges for an organic compound. For the dihedral angles, most are fixed by the rigid backbone of the isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton, and the molecule exhibits only a few selected degrees of freedom. This becomes clearly apparent when, for example, comparing the title compound with other related compounds with a 2,3;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton. A search in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (version 5.31, 2010; Allen, 2002) revealed four related compounds, one of which has an L-mannofuranose sugar (BIRFUD, Aebischer et al., 1982), and one a β connection at carbon C1 (QEMKID, Zhao et al., 2006). The other two compounds are the lactol itself (CUFYIL, Sheldrick et al., 1985; Miner et al., 2004), and the 1-O-methyl derivative of the title compound (BOXQAG, Dang et al., 2001). Least square overlays of the latter two with the title compound are shown in Figs. 3a and 3b (title compound in red). The 2,3-O-isopropylidene-mannofuranose skeleton in all three compounds shows only small deviations and virtually all conformational differences are limited to the more flexible second isopropylidene moiety, which is rotated differently when compared to the title compound and which also exhibits different types of envelope conformations: In the title compound the isopropylidene unit is out of plane with the other four atoms constituting the five membered ring. In the methyl derivative it is the C—H group, and in the lactol, the methylene group, thus confirming that the energies of the different conformers of the dimethyldioxolane rings are indeed very close. For compound QEMKID (Zhao et al., 2006), which features a β connection at carbon C1, a different conformation is also found for the actual sugar with C1 and O1 changing their roles in the five membered ring (Figure 3c). Overall, the crystal structure of the title compound provides evidence that appending an ester group at C-1 does little to alter the conformation of the mannofuranose ring.