organic compounds
Trithiacyanuric acid: a second triclinic polymorph
aDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Casilla 170, Antofagasta, Chile, and bInstitut für Anorganische Chemie der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: ivanbritob@yahoo.com
The title compound, C3H3N3S3, is a triclinic modification. The other reported modification crystallizes with just one molecule in the [Guo et al. (2006). Cryst. Growth Des. 6, 846–848] and was solved by power X-ray diffraction data. The present modification has Z′ = 2. In the crystal, molecules are linked by strong intramolecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds with set graph-motif R22(8). In both molecules, all of the N atoms and two of the S atoms are involved in hydrogen bonding, with an average H⋯S distance of 2.58 Å and N—H⋯S angles in the range 163–167°. π–π stacking interactions are not observed. In the solid state, the molecules exist in the thione form. The molecular and supramolecular properties are similar in both polymorphs.
Related literature
For general background to trithiacyanuric acid, see: Henke et al., (2000); Iltzsch & Tankersley (1993, 1994); Clegg et al. (1998); Yamanari et al. (1993); Bailey et al. (2001); Hunks et al. (1999); Tzeng et al. (1997). For hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For the other triclinic polymorph of trithiacyanuric acid, see: Guo et al. (2006). For the biological properties of trithiacyanuric acid, see: Iltzsch & Tankersley (1993, 1994).
Experimental
Crystal data
|
Refinement
|
Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2001); cell X-AREA; data reduction: X-AREA; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: XP (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810033234/fl2313sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810033234/fl2313Isup2.hkl
A solution containing 1:1 molar ratio of PdCl2 (0.2 mmol, 35.6 mg) and trihiocyanuric acid (0.2 mmol, 35.5 mg) in acetonitrile/chloroform (1:1) was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, and the mixture was filtered. Yellow single crystals suitable for X-ray investigation were obtained from above filtrate by slow evaporation of the solution. FT—IR (KBr, pellets, cm-1): ν(C— N)1530 s, 1358m, 1117 s; ν(C— S) 785w, 744w; ν(N— H) 3492w.
All H atoms were placed in idealized positions with d(N—H) = 0.88Å and refined using a riding model with Uiso(H) fixed at 1.2 Ueq(N).
Trithiocyanuric acid and its trisodium salt are widely applied in industry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry. For example its trisodium salt is used as a precipitating agent for many heavy metals from contaminated water (Henke et al., 2000). Moreover, it was found that the acid inhibits the Toxoplasma gondii uracil phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme in vitro better than 5-fluorouracil and emimcin compounds showing an antitoxoplasmal activity (Iltzsch et al., 1993, 1994). The title compound bearing three N,S donor sets can display a great versatility of coordination As a matter of fact it can use from one to all the six of its donor atoms (Clegg et al., 1998; Yamanari et al., 1993) to form polynuclear complexes (Bailey et al., 2001; Hunks et al., 1999). Its capability to act as a bridging ligand is also shown in polymeric compounds (Tzeng et al., 1997). The structure of compound (II) (Guo et al., 2006) was solved by powder X-ray diffraction using the direct-space
technique for structure solution followed by Rietveldt The authors were unable to obtain single-crystals due to the title compound having a strong propensity to form co-crystals (solvates) in crystallization experiments from the types of solvents in which it is readily soluble. They reported that their modification crystallized with just one molecule in the (Z=2) from density considerations.We are particularly interested in the utility of the title compound due its great versatility for the fabrication of different coordination polymers. We report here the structure of a new polymorph of (I) isolated during attempts to synthetize coordination polymers between (I) and PdCl2, Fig 1. The present modification has Z'=2. The bond lengths C— S and C— N are 1.658 (7)Å and 1.355 (9) Å. The two molecules in the π-π stacking interactions were not observed. In the solid state the title compound exists in the thione form.
are linked by two strong N—H···S intramolecular hydrogen bonds with set graph-motif R22(8) (Bernstein et al., 1995), Fig 2. In both molecules of the all of the nitrogen atoms and two of the sulfur atoms are involved in hydrogen bonding with an average H— S distance of 2.58 Å and N— H— S angle ranging from 163–167° (Table 1).The common feature of both polymorphs is that the
comprises sheets of molecules. In (I) these sheets are parallel to (100) and in (II) parallel to (1–20) planes (consistent with the fact that the PXRD pattern has a peak of dominant intesity, indexed as (1–20)). Within the sheets, there is extensive N—H···S hydrogen bonding. Each N—H bond is a donor in one N—H···S hydrogen bond, but the S atoms in the molecule differ in their behavior as hydrogen bond acceptors. Thus, one S atom (in both molecules of the aymmetric unit of (I)) accepts two N—H···S hydrogen bonds, one S atom accepts one N—H···S hydrogen bond, and the other S atom is not involved in any hydrogen bonding (Table 1). In the hydrogen bonding network groups of six molecules are arranged in a cyclic manner, at the center of which four S atoms (including two S atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding) are in van der Waals contact (S···S 3.40–3.90Å for (I) and 3.37–3.52Å for (II)).In general the molecular and supramolecular properties are similar in both polymorphs.For general background to trithiacyanuric acid, see: Henke et al., (2000); Iltzsch et al. (1993, 1994); Clegg et al. (1998); Yamanari et al. (1993); Bailey et al. (2001); Hunks et al. (1999); Tzeng et al. (1997). For hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For the other triclinic polymorph of trithiacyanuric acid, see: Guo et al. (2006). For the biological properties of trithiacyanuric acid, see: Iltzsch et al. (1993,1994).
Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2001); cell
X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2001); data reduction: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: XP (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).Fig. 1. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound with displacement ellipsoids at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. Crystal structure of (I) showing a single sheet viewed along [010] direction. |
C3H3N3S3 | Z = 4 |
Mr = 177.26 | F(000) = 360 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.811 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 6.9690 (11) Å | Cell parameters from 3753 reflections |
b = 8.807 (1) Å | θ = 3.5–25.8° |
c = 11.3557 (16) Å | µ = 1.04 mm−1 |
α = 78.96 (1)° | T = 173 K |
β = 75.072 (12)° | Block, light yellow |
γ = 77.234 (11)° | 0.27 × 0.25 × 0.22 mm |
V = 650.07 (16) Å3 |
Stoe IPDS II two-circle diffractometer | 2292 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1344 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.111 |
ω scans | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 3.5° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (MULABS; Spek, 2003; Blessing, 1995) | h = −8→8 |
Tmin = 0.766, Tmax = 0.803 | k = −10→10 |
5659 measured reflections | l = −13→13 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.077 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.210 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 0.91 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1165P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2292 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
163 parameters | Δρmax = 0.81 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.51 e Å−3 |
C3H3N3S3 | γ = 77.234 (11)° |
Mr = 177.26 | V = 650.07 (16) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 4 |
a = 6.9690 (11) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 8.807 (1) Å | µ = 1.04 mm−1 |
c = 11.3557 (16) Å | T = 173 K |
α = 78.96 (1)° | 0.27 × 0.25 × 0.22 mm |
β = 75.072 (12)° |
Stoe IPDS II two-circle diffractometer | 2292 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (MULABS; Spek, 2003; Blessing, 1995) | 1344 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.766, Tmax = 0.803 | Rint = 0.111 |
5659 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.077 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.210 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 0.91 | Δρmax = 0.81 e Å−3 |
2292 reflections | Δρmin = −0.51 e Å−3 |
163 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
S1 | 0.2566 (3) | 0.6245 (2) | 0.36799 (18) | 0.0446 (5) | |
S3 | 0.2538 (3) | 0.0251 (2) | 0.37171 (18) | 0.0517 (6) | |
S5 | 0.2656 (3) | 0.2258 (2) | 0.77989 (16) | 0.0442 (5) | |
C1 | 0.2473 (10) | 0.4435 (8) | 0.4452 (7) | 0.0387 (17) | |
N2 | 0.2307 (9) | 0.3231 (6) | 0.3934 (6) | 0.0407 (14) | |
H2 | 0.2101 | 0.3456 | 0.3183 | 0.049* | |
C3 | 0.2428 (11) | 0.1690 (8) | 0.4463 (7) | 0.0399 (17) | |
N4 | 0.2461 (9) | 0.1472 (7) | 0.5705 (5) | 0.0439 (15) | |
H4 | 0.2420 | 0.0523 | 0.6120 | 0.053* | |
C5 | 0.2551 (11) | 0.2619 (8) | 0.6317 (7) | 0.0452 (19) | |
N6 | 0.2608 (9) | 0.4071 (7) | 0.5642 (5) | 0.0399 (14) | |
H6 | 0.2742 | 0.4825 | 0.6007 | 0.048* | |
S1A | 0.2459 (3) | 0.3512 (2) | 1.08995 (17) | 0.0444 (5) | |
S3A | 0.2355 (4) | 0.9528 (2) | 1.0898 (2) | 0.0534 (6) | |
S5A | 0.2560 (3) | 0.7492 (2) | 0.67644 (18) | 0.0448 (5) | |
C1A | 0.2520 (11) | 0.5327 (9) | 1.0160 (7) | 0.0454 (19) | |
N2A | 0.2401 (9) | 0.6582 (6) | 1.0724 (6) | 0.0410 (14) | |
H2A | 0.2276 | 0.6413 | 1.1527 | 0.049* | |
C3A | 0.2460 (11) | 0.8090 (8) | 1.0143 (7) | 0.0416 (17) | |
N4A | 0.2538 (9) | 0.8283 (7) | 0.8917 (6) | 0.0426 (15) | |
H4A | 0.2531 | 0.9246 | 0.8521 | 0.051* | |
C5A | 0.2627 (11) | 0.7150 (8) | 0.8237 (7) | 0.0406 (17) | |
N6A | 0.2661 (9) | 0.5667 (6) | 0.8916 (6) | 0.0422 (14) | |
H6A | 0.2783 | 0.4876 | 0.8515 | 0.051* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
S1 | 0.0670 (12) | 0.0315 (9) | 0.0349 (10) | −0.0101 (8) | −0.0176 (8) | 0.0060 (7) |
S3 | 0.0823 (14) | 0.0341 (10) | 0.0403 (11) | −0.0080 (9) | −0.0232 (10) | 0.0003 (9) |
S5 | 0.0698 (13) | 0.0347 (9) | 0.0289 (10) | −0.0112 (8) | −0.0175 (9) | 0.0039 (8) |
C1 | 0.041 (4) | 0.037 (4) | 0.036 (4) | −0.006 (3) | −0.016 (3) | 0.008 (3) |
N2 | 0.055 (4) | 0.033 (3) | 0.037 (3) | −0.007 (3) | −0.018 (3) | −0.005 (3) |
C3 | 0.053 (4) | 0.027 (3) | 0.036 (4) | −0.003 (3) | −0.013 (3) | 0.004 (3) |
N4 | 0.068 (4) | 0.034 (3) | 0.033 (3) | −0.009 (3) | −0.021 (3) | 0.000 (3) |
C5 | 0.046 (4) | 0.040 (4) | 0.040 (4) | −0.007 (3) | −0.011 (3) | 0.017 (3) |
N6 | 0.055 (4) | 0.037 (3) | 0.031 (3) | −0.009 (3) | −0.018 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
S1A | 0.0619 (12) | 0.0318 (9) | 0.0384 (11) | −0.0096 (8) | −0.0169 (8) | 0.0069 (8) |
S3A | 0.0864 (15) | 0.0364 (10) | 0.0400 (11) | −0.0104 (9) | −0.0230 (10) | −0.0008 (8) |
S5A | 0.0616 (12) | 0.0381 (10) | 0.0333 (10) | −0.0080 (8) | −0.0162 (8) | 0.0047 (8) |
C1A | 0.045 (4) | 0.046 (4) | 0.041 (4) | −0.008 (3) | −0.008 (3) | 0.004 (4) |
N2A | 0.061 (4) | 0.025 (3) | 0.037 (3) | −0.010 (2) | −0.015 (3) | 0.003 (3) |
C3A | 0.053 (4) | 0.044 (4) | 0.026 (4) | −0.005 (3) | −0.013 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
N4A | 0.058 (4) | 0.032 (3) | 0.036 (3) | −0.008 (3) | −0.018 (3) | 0.008 (3) |
C5A | 0.052 (4) | 0.043 (4) | 0.027 (4) | −0.003 (3) | −0.021 (3) | 0.004 (3) |
N6A | 0.063 (4) | 0.027 (3) | 0.037 (3) | −0.007 (3) | −0.018 (3) | 0.003 (3) |
S1—C1 | 1.672 (6) | S1A—C1A | 1.662 (7) |
S3—C3 | 1.632 (8) | S3A—C3A | 1.639 (8) |
S5—C5 | 1.669 (8) | S5A—C5A | 1.652 (7) |
C1—N2 | 1.346 (9) | C1A—N2A | 1.357 (10) |
C1—N6 | 1.350 (9) | C1A—N6A | 1.369 (10) |
N2—C3 | 1.368 (8) | N2A—C3A | 1.370 (8) |
N2—H2 | 0.8800 | N2A—H2A | 0.8800 |
C3—N4 | 1.392 (9) | C3A—N4A | 1.359 (9) |
N4—C5 | 1.352 (10) | N4A—C5A | 1.356 (10) |
N4—H4 | 0.8800 | N4A—H4A | 0.8800 |
C5—N6 | 1.362 (8) | C5A—N6A | 1.382 (9) |
N6—H6 | 0.8800 | N6A—H6A | 0.8800 |
N2—C1—N6 | 115.1 (6) | N2A—C1A—N6A | 114.9 (6) |
N2—C1—S1 | 122.9 (5) | N2A—C1A—S1A | 123.6 (6) |
N6—C1—S1 | 122.0 (6) | N6A—C1A—S1A | 121.5 (6) |
C1—N2—C3 | 126.4 (6) | C1A—N2A—C3A | 125.2 (6) |
C1—N2—H2 | 116.8 | C1A—N2A—H2A | 117.4 |
C3—N2—H2 | 116.8 | C3A—N2A—H2A | 117.4 |
N2—C3—N4 | 113.0 (6) | N4A—C3A—N2A | 114.2 (7) |
N2—C3—S3 | 123.7 (6) | N4A—C3A—S3A | 123.9 (6) |
N4—C3—S3 | 123.3 (5) | N2A—C3A—S3A | 121.8 (6) |
C5—N4—C3 | 124.5 (6) | C5A—N4A—C3A | 127.0 (6) |
C5—N4—H4 | 117.8 | C5A—N4A—H4A | 116.5 |
C3—N4—H4 | 117.8 | C3A—N4A—H4A | 116.5 |
N4—C5—N6 | 115.9 (7) | N4A—C5A—N6A | 113.3 (6) |
N4—C5—S5 | 121.8 (5) | N4A—C5A—S5A | 124.2 (5) |
N6—C5—S5 | 122.3 (7) | N6A—C5A—S5A | 122.4 (6) |
C1—N6—C5 | 124.7 (7) | C1A—N6A—C5A | 125.4 (7) |
C1—N6—H6 | 117.7 | C1A—N6A—H6A | 117.3 |
C5—N6—H6 | 117.7 | C5A—N6A—H6A | 117.3 |
N6—C1—N2—C3 | −5.6 (10) | N6A—C1A—N2A—C3A | −1.6 (10) |
S1—C1—N2—C3 | 172.9 (6) | S1A—C1A—N2A—C3A | 179.6 (6) |
C1—N2—C3—N4 | 8.8 (10) | C1A—N2A—C3A—N4A | 3.6 (10) |
C1—N2—C3—S3 | −170.8 (6) | C1A—N2A—C3A—S3A | −178.6 (6) |
N2—C3—N4—C5 | −5.7 (10) | N2A—C3A—N4A—C5A | −2.3 (11) |
S3—C3—N4—C5 | 173.9 (6) | S3A—C3A—N4A—C5A | −180.0 (6) |
C3—N4—C5—N6 | 0.1 (10) | C3A—N4A—C5A—N6A | −0.8 (10) |
C3—N4—C5—S5 | −178.1 (6) | C3A—N4A—C5A—S5A | 175.6 (6) |
N2—C1—N6—C5 | −1.2 (10) | N2A—C1A—N6A—C5A | −2.1 (11) |
S1—C1—N6—C5 | −179.7 (6) | S1A—C1A—N6A—C5A | 176.8 (6) |
N4—C5—N6—C1 | 3.7 (10) | N4A—C5A—N6A—C1A | 3.2 (10) |
S5—C5—N6—C1 | −178.1 (5) | S5A—C5A—N6A—C1A | −173.3 (6) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2···S1Ai | 0.88 | 2.53 | 3.383 (7) | 163 |
N4—H4···S5Aii | 0.88 | 2.62 | 3.473 (6) | 165 |
N6—H6···S5A | 0.88 | 2.62 | 3.480 (6) | 166 |
N2A—H2A···S1iii | 0.88 | 2.48 | 3.342 (7) | 167 |
N4A—H4A···S5iv | 0.88 | 2.64 | 3.500 (6) | 167 |
N6A—H6A···S5 | 0.88 | 2.61 | 3.476 (6) | 167 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y, z−1; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y, z+1; (iv) x, y+1, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C3H3N3S3 |
Mr | 177.26 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 173 |
a, b, c (Å) | 6.9690 (11), 8.807 (1), 11.3557 (16) |
α, β, γ (°) | 78.96 (1), 75.072 (12), 77.234 (11) |
V (Å3) | 650.07 (16) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.04 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.27 × 0.25 × 0.22 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Stoe IPDS II two-circle |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (MULABS; Spek, 2003; Blessing, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.766, 0.803 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 5659, 2292, 1344 |
Rint | 0.111 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.595 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.077, 0.210, 0.91 |
No. of reflections | 2292 |
No. of parameters | 163 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.81, −0.51 |
Computer programs: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2001), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), XP (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2···S1Ai | 0.88 | 2.53 | 3.383 (7) | 163.0 |
N4—H4···S5Aii | 0.88 | 2.62 | 3.473 (6) | 164.7 |
N6—H6···S5A | 0.88 | 2.62 | 3.480 (6) | 166.1 |
N2A—H2A···S1iii | 0.88 | 2.48 | 3.342 (7) | 167.3 |
N4A—H4A···S5iv | 0.88 | 2.64 | 3.500 (6) | 167.0 |
N6A—H6A···S5 | 0.88 | 2.61 | 3.476 (6) | 166.9 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y, z−1; (ii) x, y−1, z; (iii) x, y, z+1; (iv) x, y+1, z. |
Acknowledgements
We thank the Spanish Research Council (CSIC) for providing us with a free-of-charge licence for the CSD system. JA thanks the Universidad de Antofagasta for a PhD fellowship.
References
Bailey, J. R., Hatfield, M. J., Henke, K. R., Krepps, J. L., Morris, T., Otieno, K. D., Simonetti, E. A., Wall, D. A. & Atwood, J. (2001). Organomet. Chem. 623, 185–190. CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Bernstein, J., Davis, R. E., Shimoni, L. & Chang, N.-L. (1995). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 34, 1555–1573. CrossRef CAS Web of Science Google Scholar
Blessing, R. H. (1995). Acta Cryst. A51, 33–38. CrossRef CAS Web of Science IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Clegg, W., Davies, J. E., Elsegood, M. R. J., Lamb, E., Longridge, J. J., Rawson, J. M., Snaith, R. & Wheatley, A. E. H. (1998). Inorg. Chem. Commun. 1, 58–60. Web of Science CSD CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Guo, F., Cheung, E. Y., Harris, K. D. & Pedireddi, V. R. (2006). Cryst. Growth Des. 6, 846–848. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Henke, K. R., Roberton, D., Krepps, M. K. & Atwood, D. A. (2000). Water Res. 34, 3005–3013. Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
Hunks, W. J., Jennings, M. C. & Puddephatt, R. J. (1999). Inorg. Chem. 38, 5930–5931. Web of Science CSD CrossRef PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Iltzsch, M. & Tankersley, K. O. (1993). Biochem. Pharmacol. 46, 1849–1858. CrossRef CAS PubMed Web of Science Google Scholar
Iltzsch, M. & Tankersley, K. O. (1994). Biochem. Pharmacol. 48, 781–791. CrossRef CAS PubMed Web of Science Google Scholar
Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Spek, A. L. (2003). J. Appl. Cryst. 36, 7–13. Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar
Stoe & Cie (2001). X-AREA. Stoe & Cie, Darmstadt, Germany. Google Scholar
Tzeng, B.-C., Che, C.-M. & Peng, S.-M. (1997). J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. pp. 1771–1772. CrossRef Google Scholar
Yamanari, K., Kushi, Y., Yamamoto, M., Fuyuhiro, A., Kaizaki, S., Kawamoto, T. & Kushi, Y. (1993). J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. pp. 3715–3721. CSD CrossRef Web of Science Google Scholar
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Trithiocyanuric acid and its trisodium salt are widely applied in industry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry. For example its trisodium salt is used as a precipitating agent for many heavy metals from contaminated water (Henke et al., 2000). Moreover, it was found that the acid inhibits the Toxoplasma gondii uracil phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme in vitro better than 5-fluorouracil and emimcin compounds showing an antitoxoplasmal activity (Iltzsch et al., 1993, 1994). The title compound bearing three N,S donor sets can display a great versatility of coordination As a matter of fact it can use from one to all the six of its donor atoms (Clegg et al., 1998; Yamanari et al., 1993) to form polynuclear complexes (Bailey et al., 2001; Hunks et al., 1999). Its capability to act as a bridging ligand is also shown in polymeric compounds (Tzeng et al., 1997). The structure of compound (II) (Guo et al., 2006) was solved by powder X-ray diffraction using the direct-space genetic algorithm technique for structure solution followed by Rietveldt refinement. The authors were unable to obtain single-crystals due to the title compound having a strong propensity to form co-crystals (solvates) in crystallization experiments from the types of solvents in which it is readily soluble. They reported that their modification crystallized with just one molecule in the asymmetric unit, (Z=2) from density considerations.
We are particularly interested in the utility of the title compound due its great versatility for the fabrication of different coordination polymers. We report here the structure of a new polymorph of (I) isolated during attempts to synthetize coordination polymers between (I) and PdCl2, Fig 1. The present modification has Z'=2. The bond lengths C— S and C— N are 1.658 (7)Å and 1.355 (9) Å. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit are linked by two strong N—H···S intramolecular hydrogen bonds with set graph-motif R22(8) (Bernstein et al., 1995), Fig 2. In both molecules of the asymmetric unit all of the nitrogen atoms and two of the sulfur atoms are involved in hydrogen bonding with an average H— S distance of 2.58 Å and N— H— S angle ranging from 163–167° (Table 1). π-π stacking interactions were not observed. In the solid state the title compound exists in the thione form.
The common feature of both polymorphs is that the crystal structure comprises sheets of molecules. In (I) these sheets are parallel to (100) and in (II) parallel to (1–20) planes (consistent with the fact that the PXRD pattern has a peak of dominant intesity, indexed as (1–20)). Within the sheets, there is extensive N—H···S hydrogen bonding. Each N—H bond is a donor in one N—H···S hydrogen bond, but the S atoms in the molecule differ in their behavior as hydrogen bond acceptors. Thus, one S atom (in both molecules of the aymmetric unit of (I)) accepts two N—H···S hydrogen bonds, one S atom accepts one N—H···S hydrogen bond, and the other S atom is not involved in any hydrogen bonding (Table 1). In the hydrogen bonding network groups of six molecules are arranged in a cyclic manner, at the center of which four S atoms (including two S atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding) are in van der Waals contact (S···S 3.40–3.90Å for (I) and 3.37–3.52Å for (II)).In general the molecular and supramolecular properties are similar in both polymorphs.