organic compounds
N-(3-Methylphenyl)quinoxalin-2-amine monohydrate
aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: edward.tiekink@gmail.com
The quinoxaline system in the title hydrate, C15H13N3·H2O, is roughly planar, the r.m.s. deviation for the 18 non-H atoms being 0.188 Å; this conformation features a short intramolecular C—H⋯N(pyrazine) interaction. In the crystal, the amine H atom forms an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond to the water molecule, which in turn forms two O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds to the pyrazine N atoms of different organic molecules. These interactions lead to supramolecular arrays in the bc plane that are two molecules thick; additional π–π interactions stabilize the layers [ring centroid–centroid distance = 3.5923 (7) Å]. The layers stack along the a-axis direction via C—H⋯π contacts.
Related literature
For a related structure, see: Fairuz et al. (2010). For background to the fluorescence properties of compounds related to the title compound, see: Kawai et al. (2001); Abdullah (2005).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810031260/hb5601sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810031260/hb5601Isup2.hkl
2-Chloroquinoxaline (0.3260 g, 0.002 mol) dissolved in ethanol (5 ml) was added to m-toluidine (0.21 ml, 0.002 mol). The mixture refluxed for 5 h and extracted with chloroform (3 × 10 ml). Evaporation of solvent gave the crude product and pure 2-N-(m-methyl)anilinoquinoxaline was obtained after separating using
with EtOAc:hexane (1:3) as the Recrystallization from its ethanol solution yield colorless prisms of (I) after few days.Carbon-bound H-atoms were placed in calculated positions (C—H 0.95 to 0.98 Å) and were included in the
in the riding model approximation, with Uiso(H) set to 1.2 to 1.5Uequiv(C). The O– and N-bound H-atoms were located in a difference Fourier map, and were refined with distance restraints of O–H = 0.84±0.01 Å and N–H 0.86±0.01 Å, respectively; the Uiso values were freely refined.The title hydrate, (I), was investigated in continuation of studies (Fairuz et al., 2010) into molecules that present interesting fluorescence properties (Kawai et al. 2001; Abdullah, 2005). The π–π interactions occurring between centrosymmetrically related pyrazine rings [ring..centroid···centroid distance = 3.5923 (7) Å for -x, 1 - y, 1 - z]. Layers are inter-digitated along the a axis, Fig. 3, with the primary connections between them being of the type C–H···O, Table 1.
of (I), Fig. 1, comprises a molecule of N-(3-methylphenyl)quinoxalin-2-amine and a water molecule of crystallization. The organic molecule is essentially planar with the r.m.s. deviation of the 18 non-hydrogen atoms being 0.188 Å [maximum deviations = 0.358 (1) Å for atom C7 and -0.243 (1) Å for C2]. The greatest twists in the molecule occur about the N(amine)–C bonds with the values of the C1–N1–C8–N2 and C8–N1–C1–C6 torsion angles being 9.51 (18) and 8.48 (18) °, respectively. An intramolecular C–H···N2 contact, Table 1, contributes to the stability of the almost planar arrangement. The latter association does not preclude this pyrazine-N atom from participating in an intermolecular interaction. The amine forms a N–H···O hydrogen bond to the water molecule and each water-H forms a O–H···N hydrogen to a pyrazine-N of different molecules, Table 1. The result of this is the formation of layers two molecules thick, Fig. 2. Layers are further stabilized byFor a related structure, see: Fairuz et al. (2010). For background to the fluorescence properties of compounds related to the title compound, see: Kawai et al. (2001); Abdullah (2005).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).Fig. 1. The molecular structure of (I) showing displacement ellipsoids at the 50% probability level. | |
Fig. 2. Supramolecular layer in (I) in the bc plane mediated by O–H···N and N–H···O hydrogen bonds, shown as orange and blue dashed lines, respectively. | |
Fig. 3. Unit-cell contents shown in projection down the c axis in (I), highlighting the stacking of layers. The O–H···N, N–H···O, C–H···π and π–π interactions are shown as orange, blue, pink and purple dashed lines, respectively. |
C15H13N3·H2O | F(000) = 536 |
Mr = 253.30 | Dx = 1.299 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 4286 reflections |
a = 10.9002 (8) Å | θ = 2.7–28.1° |
b = 11.1048 (8) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
c = 11.1715 (8) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 106.780 (1)° | Prism, colourless |
V = 1294.67 (16) Å3 | 0.30 × 0.20 × 0.05 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3100 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2608 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.028 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −14→14 |
Tmin = 0.942, Tmax = 1.000 | k = −14→14 |
12521 measured reflections | l = −13→14 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.039 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.110 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.02 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0605P)2 + 0.3508P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3100 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
185 parameters | Δρmax = 0.24 e Å−3 |
3 restraints | Δρmin = −0.27 e Å−3 |
C15H13N3·H2O | V = 1294.67 (16) Å3 |
Mr = 253.30 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 10.9002 (8) Å | µ = 0.08 mm−1 |
b = 11.1048 (8) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 11.1715 (8) Å | 0.30 × 0.20 × 0.05 mm |
β = 106.780 (1)° |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer | 3100 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 2608 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.942, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.028 |
12521 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.039 | 3 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.110 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.02 | Δρmax = 0.24 e Å−3 |
3100 reflections | Δρmin = −0.27 e Å−3 |
185 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1W | 0.13500 (8) | 0.90644 (8) | 0.33421 (8) | 0.0223 (2) | |
N1 | 0.23584 (9) | 0.74212 (8) | 0.54040 (9) | 0.0164 (2) | |
N2 | 0.22297 (8) | 0.54565 (8) | 0.61373 (8) | 0.0155 (2) | |
N3 | 0.09733 (9) | 0.48107 (8) | 0.36216 (9) | 0.0173 (2) | |
C1 | 0.31138 (10) | 0.80081 (10) | 0.64828 (10) | 0.0160 (2) | |
C2 | 0.32032 (11) | 0.92624 (10) | 0.63975 (11) | 0.0197 (2) | |
H2 | 0.2719 | 0.9673 | 0.5668 | 0.024* | |
C3 | 0.40005 (11) | 0.99008 (11) | 0.73821 (12) | 0.0229 (3) | |
H3 | 0.4062 | 1.0751 | 0.7323 | 0.027* | |
C4 | 0.47106 (11) | 0.93112 (11) | 0.84546 (11) | 0.0221 (3) | |
H4 | 0.5267 | 0.9758 | 0.9117 | 0.027* | |
C5 | 0.46125 (10) | 0.80690 (11) | 0.85650 (10) | 0.0190 (2) | |
C6 | 0.38116 (10) | 0.74173 (10) | 0.75738 (10) | 0.0171 (2) | |
H6 | 0.3741 | 0.6569 | 0.7641 | 0.021* | |
C7 | 0.53811 (11) | 0.74244 (12) | 0.97319 (11) | 0.0241 (3) | |
H7A | 0.5289 | 0.7848 | 1.0471 | 0.036* | |
H7B | 0.6286 | 0.7410 | 0.9755 | 0.036* | |
H7C | 0.5066 | 0.6597 | 0.9727 | 0.036* | |
C8 | 0.20156 (10) | 0.62408 (10) | 0.52164 (10) | 0.0148 (2) | |
C9 | 0.13809 (10) | 0.58960 (10) | 0.39371 (10) | 0.0165 (2) | |
H9 | 0.1258 | 0.6490 | 0.3301 | 0.020* | |
C10 | 0.11971 (10) | 0.39634 (10) | 0.45706 (10) | 0.0158 (2) | |
C11 | 0.07801 (10) | 0.27676 (10) | 0.42863 (11) | 0.0197 (2) | |
H11A | 0.0344 | 0.2549 | 0.3449 | 0.024* | |
C12 | 0.10028 (11) | 0.19203 (10) | 0.52154 (12) | 0.0221 (3) | |
H12A | 0.0720 | 0.1115 | 0.5021 | 0.027* | |
C13 | 0.16493 (11) | 0.22376 (10) | 0.64566 (11) | 0.0216 (2) | |
H13 | 0.1804 | 0.1643 | 0.7095 | 0.026* | |
C14 | 0.20597 (11) | 0.34018 (10) | 0.67553 (11) | 0.0194 (2) | |
H14 | 0.2495 | 0.3606 | 0.7597 | 0.023* | |
C15 | 0.18364 (10) | 0.42907 (10) | 0.58167 (10) | 0.0155 (2) | |
H1n | 0.2046 (14) | 0.7886 (12) | 0.4763 (11) | 0.028 (4)* | |
H1w | 0.1780 (15) | 0.9131 (16) | 0.2821 (14) | 0.042 (5)* | |
H2w | 0.0595 (11) | 0.9256 (17) | 0.2944 (16) | 0.052 (5)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1W | 0.0230 (4) | 0.0262 (5) | 0.0170 (4) | 0.0023 (3) | 0.0046 (3) | 0.0060 (3) |
N1 | 0.0191 (4) | 0.0137 (4) | 0.0140 (4) | −0.0006 (3) | 0.0010 (3) | 0.0017 (3) |
N2 | 0.0175 (4) | 0.0142 (4) | 0.0144 (4) | 0.0003 (3) | 0.0040 (3) | −0.0004 (3) |
N3 | 0.0180 (4) | 0.0180 (5) | 0.0153 (5) | −0.0011 (3) | 0.0042 (3) | −0.0015 (4) |
C1 | 0.0149 (5) | 0.0165 (5) | 0.0170 (5) | −0.0009 (4) | 0.0053 (4) | −0.0021 (4) |
C2 | 0.0209 (5) | 0.0169 (5) | 0.0212 (6) | −0.0005 (4) | 0.0059 (4) | −0.0002 (4) |
C3 | 0.0238 (6) | 0.0177 (5) | 0.0275 (6) | −0.0040 (4) | 0.0080 (5) | −0.0048 (5) |
C4 | 0.0191 (5) | 0.0254 (6) | 0.0218 (6) | −0.0052 (4) | 0.0058 (4) | −0.0082 (5) |
C5 | 0.0159 (5) | 0.0253 (6) | 0.0162 (5) | −0.0014 (4) | 0.0056 (4) | −0.0022 (4) |
C6 | 0.0167 (5) | 0.0178 (5) | 0.0171 (5) | −0.0012 (4) | 0.0052 (4) | −0.0004 (4) |
C7 | 0.0211 (6) | 0.0328 (7) | 0.0165 (6) | −0.0019 (5) | 0.0022 (4) | −0.0013 (5) |
C8 | 0.0135 (5) | 0.0152 (5) | 0.0156 (5) | 0.0008 (4) | 0.0039 (4) | −0.0011 (4) |
C9 | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0169 (5) | 0.0145 (5) | 0.0000 (4) | 0.0034 (4) | 0.0016 (4) |
C10 | 0.0149 (5) | 0.0158 (5) | 0.0175 (5) | 0.0004 (4) | 0.0061 (4) | −0.0007 (4) |
C11 | 0.0192 (5) | 0.0181 (5) | 0.0223 (6) | −0.0024 (4) | 0.0068 (4) | −0.0044 (4) |
C12 | 0.0240 (6) | 0.0146 (5) | 0.0305 (6) | −0.0022 (4) | 0.0120 (5) | −0.0021 (5) |
C13 | 0.0265 (6) | 0.0166 (5) | 0.0248 (6) | 0.0028 (4) | 0.0125 (5) | 0.0049 (4) |
C14 | 0.0234 (5) | 0.0178 (5) | 0.0182 (5) | 0.0025 (4) | 0.0080 (4) | 0.0007 (4) |
C15 | 0.0161 (5) | 0.0150 (5) | 0.0167 (5) | 0.0009 (4) | 0.0065 (4) | −0.0006 (4) |
O1W—H1w | 0.849 (9) | C5—C7 | 1.5110 (16) |
O1W—H2w | 0.842 (9) | C6—H6 | 0.9500 |
N1—C8 | 1.3625 (14) | C7—H7A | 0.9800 |
N1—C1 | 1.4080 (13) | C7—H7B | 0.9800 |
N1—H1n | 0.869 (9) | C7—H7C | 0.9800 |
N2—C8 | 1.3164 (14) | C8—C9 | 1.4480 (15) |
N2—C15 | 1.3781 (14) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
N3—C9 | 1.2977 (14) | C10—C11 | 1.4098 (15) |
N3—C10 | 1.3855 (14) | C10—C15 | 1.4126 (15) |
C1—C6 | 1.3998 (15) | C11—C12 | 1.3697 (17) |
C1—C2 | 1.4015 (15) | C11—H11A | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.3840 (16) | C12—C13 | 1.4069 (17) |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | C12—H12A | 0.9500 |
C3—C4 | 1.3885 (17) | C13—C14 | 1.3772 (16) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C13—H13 | 0.9500 |
C4—C5 | 1.3918 (17) | C14—C15 | 1.4092 (15) |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C14—H14 | 0.9500 |
C5—C6 | 1.3978 (15) | ||
H1w—O1W—H2w | 105.3 (18) | C5—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
C8—N1—C1 | 130.07 (9) | H7A—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
C8—N1—H1n | 114.8 (10) | H7B—C7—H7C | 109.5 |
C1—N1—H1n | 115.1 (10) | N2—C8—N1 | 122.51 (10) |
C8—N2—C15 | 116.54 (9) | N2—C8—C9 | 121.52 (10) |
C9—N3—C10 | 116.87 (9) | N1—C8—C9 | 115.97 (9) |
C6—C1—C2 | 119.61 (10) | N3—C9—C8 | 122.84 (10) |
C6—C1—N1 | 124.39 (10) | N3—C9—H9 | 118.6 |
C2—C1—N1 | 115.90 (10) | C8—C9—H9 | 118.6 |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.67 (11) | N3—C10—C11 | 119.55 (10) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.2 | N3—C10—C15 | 120.48 (10) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.2 | C11—C10—C15 | 119.98 (10) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.66 (11) | C12—C11—C10 | 120.08 (11) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.7 | C12—C11—H11A | 120.0 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.7 | C10—C11—H11A | 120.0 |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.39 (10) | C11—C12—C13 | 120.24 (10) |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.8 | C11—C12—H12A | 119.9 |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.8 | C13—C12—H12A | 119.9 |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.30 (10) | C14—C13—C12 | 120.61 (11) |
C4—C5—C7 | 120.55 (10) | C14—C13—H13 | 119.7 |
C6—C5—C7 | 120.14 (11) | C12—C13—H13 | 119.7 |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.34 (10) | C13—C14—C15 | 120.20 (11) |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.8 | C13—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C1—C6—H6 | 119.8 | C15—C14—H14 | 119.9 |
C5—C7—H7A | 109.5 | N2—C15—C14 | 119.39 (10) |
C5—C7—H7B | 109.5 | N2—C15—C10 | 121.72 (10) |
H7A—C7—H7B | 109.5 | C14—C15—C10 | 118.89 (10) |
C8—N1—C1—C6 | 8.48 (18) | N2—C8—C9—N3 | 0.87 (17) |
C8—N1—C1—C2 | −175.06 (11) | N1—C8—C9—N3 | −178.34 (10) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 1.34 (16) | C9—N3—C10—C11 | −179.84 (10) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −175.31 (10) | C9—N3—C10—C15 | 0.27 (15) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.14 (17) | N3—C10—C11—C12 | 179.60 (10) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −1.21 (18) | C15—C10—C11—C12 | −0.51 (16) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 1.34 (17) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | −0.07 (17) |
C3—C4—C5—C7 | −179.84 (10) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 0.36 (18) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.13 (16) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −0.06 (17) |
C7—C5—C6—C1 | −178.95 (10) | C8—N2—C15—C14 | 178.78 (10) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −1.20 (16) | C8—N2—C15—C10 | −2.12 (15) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | 175.14 (10) | C13—C14—C15—N2 | 178.62 (10) |
C15—N2—C8—N1 | −179.88 (9) | C13—C14—C15—C10 | −0.51 (16) |
C15—N2—C8—C9 | 0.96 (15) | N3—C10—C15—N2 | 1.58 (16) |
C1—N1—C8—N2 | 9.51 (18) | C11—C10—C15—N2 | −178.32 (10) |
C1—N1—C8—C9 | −171.29 (10) | N3—C10—C15—C14 | −179.31 (10) |
C10—N3—C9—C8 | −1.45 (16) | C11—C10—C15—C14 | 0.79 (16) |
Cg1 is the centroid of the C10–C15 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C6—H6···N2 | 0.95 | 2.34 | 2.9482 (14) | 122 |
N1—H1n···O1w | 0.87 (1) | 2.03 (1) | 2.8951 (12) | 176 (2) |
O1w—H1w···N2i | 0.85 (1) | 2.13 (1) | 2.9382 (13) | 160 (2) |
O1w—H2w···N3ii | 0.84 (1) | 2.15 (1) | 2.9504 (12) | 158 (2) |
C7—H7b···Cg1iii | 0.98 | 2.71 | 3.6532 (14) | 161 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2; (ii) −x, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+3/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C15H13N3·H2O |
Mr | 253.30 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 10.9002 (8), 11.1048 (8), 11.1715 (8) |
β (°) | 106.780 (1) |
V (Å3) | 1294.67 (16) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.08 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.20 × 0.05 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.942, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 12521, 3100, 2608 |
Rint | 0.028 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.039, 0.110, 1.02 |
No. of reflections | 3100 |
No. of parameters | 185 |
No. of restraints | 3 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.24, −0.27 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Cg1 is the centroid of the C10–C15 ring. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C6—H6···N2 | 0.95 | 2.34 | 2.9482 (14) | 122 |
N1—H1n···O1w | 0.869 (9) | 2.028 (9) | 2.8951 (12) | 176.2 (15) |
O1w—H1w···N2i | 0.849 (9) | 2.127 (11) | 2.9382 (13) | 159.9 (17) |
O1w—H2w···N3ii | 0.842 (9) | 2.153 (11) | 2.9504 (12) | 158.0 (18) |
C7—H7b···Cg1iii | 0.98 | 2.71 | 3.6532 (14) | 161 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+3/2, z−1/2; (ii) −x, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+3/2. |
Footnotes
‡Additional correspondence author, e-mail: zana@um.edu.my.
Acknowledgements
ZA thanks the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, for a research grant (RG027/09AFR). The authors are also grateful to the University of Malaya for support of the crystallographic facility.
References
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The title hydrate, (I), was investigated in continuation of studies (Fairuz et al., 2010) into molecules that present interesting fluorescence properties (Kawai et al. 2001; Abdullah, 2005). The asymmetric unit of (I), Fig. 1, comprises a molecule of N-(3-methylphenyl)quinoxalin-2-amine and a water molecule of crystallization. The organic molecule is essentially planar with the r.m.s. deviation of the 18 non-hydrogen atoms being 0.188 Å [maximum deviations = 0.358 (1) Å for atom C7 and -0.243 (1) Å for C2]. The greatest twists in the molecule occur about the N(amine)–C bonds with the values of the C1–N1–C8–N2 and C8–N1–C1–C6 torsion angles being 9.51 (18) and 8.48 (18) °, respectively. An intramolecular C–H···N2 contact, Table 1, contributes to the stability of the almost planar arrangement. The latter association does not preclude this pyrazine-N atom from participating in an intermolecular interaction. The amine forms a N–H···O hydrogen bond to the water molecule and each water-H forms a O–H···N hydrogen to a pyrazine-N of different molecules, Table 1. The result of this is the formation of layers two molecules thick, Fig. 2. Layers are further stabilized by π–π interactions occurring between centrosymmetrically related pyrazine rings [ring..centroid···centroid distance = 3.5923 (7) Å for symmetry operation -x, 1 - y, 1 - z]. Layers are inter-digitated along the a axis, Fig. 3, with the primary connections between them being of the type C–H···O, Table 1.