organic compounds
3-(Pyridin-2-yl)coumarin
aGansu Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: dayuxia@nwnu.edu.cn
In the title compound, C14H9NO2, the dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the lactone ring is 10.40 (3)°. The coumarin ring system is nearly planar, with a dihedral angle of 1.40 (2)° between the lactone and benzene rings. An intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of C—H⋯O interactions occur, generating R22(14) loops.
Related literature
For background to the structures and properties of et al. (2004); Griffiths et al. (1995); Moffett (1964); Ren & Huo (2008); Ren et al. (2010); Trenor et al. (2004); Walshe et al. (1997); Yu et al. (2006); Yu, Yang et al. (2010); Yu, Zhang et al. (2010). For reference bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).
see: FylaktakidouExperimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Siemens, 1996); cell SAINT (Siemens, 1996); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810039796/hb5667sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810039796/hb5667Isup2.hkl
Salicylaldehyde (0.1 mol) and pyridine-2-acetonitrile (0.1 mol) were dissolved in 30 ml of anhydrous alcohol, and then piperidine (0.1 ml) was added stepwise under ice bath. The mixture was stirred for 12 h at room temperature, then treated with HCl (50 ml, 3.5%) and refluxed for 10 h to hydrolyze the iminocoumarin. When the reaction was finished, the acidic solution was neutralized with aqueous ammonia until the pH was 7. The precipitate was filtered off and recrystallized from methanol to afford the title compound. m.p. 416–417 K. IR (KBr pellet, cm-1): 3042 (aryl-CH), 1723 (C=O, lactone), 1605 (C=C), 1579, 1462, 1244, 1109, 1089; 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): 8.87 (s, 1H, H-4), 8.64 (d, 1H, J = 5.4, H-6'), 8.32 (d, 1H, J = 8.2, H-3'), 7.87–7.82 (m, 2H, Aryl-H), 7.63 (t, 1H, J = 8.4, Aryl-H), 7.42–7.34 (m, 3H, Aryl-H).
Colourless blocks of (I) were obtained by slow evaporation of the methanol solution at room temperature.
Non-H atoms were refined anisotropically. H atoms were treated as riding atoms with distances C—H = 0.93 Å (ArH). The isotropic displacement parameters for all H atoms were set equal to 1.2 Ueq of the carrier atom.
Coumarins are an important class of organic compounds, which have been extensively investigated due to their applications in biological, chemical and physical fields (Walshe, et al., 1997; Fylaktakidou, et al., 2004; Yu, et al., 2010; Trenor, et al., 2004). The photophysical and spectroscopic properties of the coumarin derivatives can be readily modified by the introduction of substituents in parent coumarin, converting themselves into more useful products and more flexibility to fit well in various applications (Griffiths, et al., 1995; Yu, et al., 2006). Among the substituted
heterocyclic groups at the 3-position have given rise to many derivatives of biological and structural importance. For example, 3-pyridyl substituted are not only known for their diverse physiological activities (Moffett, et al., 1964), but also have outstanding optical properties including high quantum yields and superior photostability (Yu, et al., 2010). In addition, 3-pyridyl substituted have attracted considerable interest due to their use as ligands for Ir (III) complexes which possess higher quantum yields and much higher brightnesses (Ren, et al., 2008; Ren, et al., 2010). In this paper, we report the synthesis and of 3-(pyridin-2-yl)coumarin.The molecular structure of the title compound and the ORTEP structure is shown in Fig.1. The bond lengths and angles in the molecule are within normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987). Both the pyrone and benzene rings in the coumarin motif are essentially planar. The dihedral angle between them is 1.40 (2)°, thus the coumarin moiety is essentially planar. The pyridine ring makes an angle of 10.40 (3)° with the pyrone ring, they are not coplanar.
The
is stabilized by intramolecular and intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 2). Specially, the molecules form one-dimensional chains through intermolecular C12—H12···O2 hydrogen bonds with a motif fashion of R22(14) (Fig. 3).For background to the structures and properties of
see: Fylaktakidou et al. (2004); Griffiths et al. (1995); Moffett (1964); Ren & Huo (2008); Ren et al. (2010); Trenor et al. (2004); Walshe et al. (1997); Yu et al. (2006); Yu, Yang et al. (2010); Yu, Zhang et al. (2010). For reference bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).Data collection: SMART (Siemens, 1996); cell
SAINT (Siemens, 1996); data reduction: SAINT (Siemens, 1996); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C14H9NO2 | Dx = 1.403 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 223.22 | Melting point = 416–417 K |
Orthorhombic, Pbca | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å |
a = 7.1107 (3) Å | Cell parameters from 4495 reflections |
b = 13.9635 (5) Å | θ = 4.2–72.5° |
c = 21.2867 (9) Å | µ = 0.77 mm−1 |
V = 2113.56 (15) Å3 | T = 293 K |
Z = 8 | Block, colourless |
F(000) = 928 | 0.31 × 0.22 × 0.11 mm |
Siemens SMART CCD diffractometer | 2055 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1581 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.021 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 72.5°, θmin = 4.2° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −5→8 |
Tmin = 0.795, Tmax = 0.920 | k = −15→17 |
4495 measured reflections | l = −16→26 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.072 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.230 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.09 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1725P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2055 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
154 parameters | Δρmax = 0.55 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.43 e Å−3 |
C14H9NO2 | V = 2113.56 (15) Å3 |
Mr = 223.22 | Z = 8 |
Orthorhombic, Pbca | Cu Kα radiation |
a = 7.1107 (3) Å | µ = 0.77 mm−1 |
b = 13.9635 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 21.2867 (9) Å | 0.31 × 0.22 × 0.11 mm |
Siemens SMART CCD diffractometer | 2055 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 1581 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.795, Tmax = 0.920 | Rint = 0.021 |
4495 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.072 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.230 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.09 | Δρmax = 0.55 e Å−3 |
2055 reflections | Δρmin = −0.43 e Å−3 |
154 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.2429 (4) | 0.14529 (15) | 0.41263 (10) | 0.0430 (6) | |
C2 | 0.3906 (4) | 0.20503 (18) | 0.42654 (12) | 0.0544 (7) | |
H2 | 0.3935 | 0.2381 | 0.4645 | 0.065* | |
C3 | 0.5343 (4) | 0.21543 (19) | 0.38377 (14) | 0.0596 (7) | |
H3 | 0.6346 | 0.2559 | 0.3928 | 0.072* | |
C4 | 0.5307 (4) | 0.1655 (2) | 0.32686 (13) | 0.0577 (7) | |
H4 | 0.6279 | 0.1730 | 0.2980 | 0.069* | |
C5 | 0.3826 (4) | 0.10503 (18) | 0.31356 (11) | 0.0505 (6) | |
H5 | 0.3811 | 0.0716 | 0.2758 | 0.061* | |
C6 | 0.2348 (3) | 0.09346 (15) | 0.35618 (10) | 0.0408 (5) | |
C7 | 0.0765 (3) | 0.03304 (15) | 0.34618 (9) | 0.0410 (5) | |
H7 | 0.0717 | −0.0030 | 0.3095 | 0.049* | |
C8 | −0.0669 (3) | 0.02542 (14) | 0.38726 (9) | 0.0393 (5) | |
C9 | −0.0573 (4) | 0.08126 (16) | 0.44606 (10) | 0.0448 (6) | |
C10 | −0.2310 (3) | −0.03764 (15) | 0.37410 (9) | 0.0396 (5) | |
C11 | −0.3687 (4) | −0.06205 (18) | 0.41772 (11) | 0.0497 (6) | |
H11 | −0.3634 | −0.0377 | 0.4583 | 0.060* | |
C12 | −0.5124 (4) | −0.1222 (2) | 0.40050 (12) | 0.0562 (7) | |
H12 | −0.6053 | −0.1386 | 0.4293 | 0.067* | |
C13 | −0.5179 (4) | −0.15823 (19) | 0.34010 (12) | 0.0541 (6) | |
H13 | −0.6128 | −0.1997 | 0.3273 | 0.065* | |
C14 | −0.3768 (4) | −0.13020 (18) | 0.29945 (11) | 0.0507 (6) | |
H14 | −0.3802 | −0.1538 | 0.2586 | 0.061* | |
N1 | −0.2370 (3) | −0.07198 (14) | 0.31462 (8) | 0.0462 (5) | |
O1 | 0.0984 (3) | 0.13797 (12) | 0.45491 (8) | 0.0503 (5) | |
O2 | −0.1716 (3) | 0.08250 (16) | 0.48780 (9) | 0.0668 (6) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0534 (12) | 0.0348 (10) | 0.0408 (11) | 0.0064 (9) | −0.0047 (9) | −0.0012 (8) |
C2 | 0.0652 (15) | 0.0419 (11) | 0.0562 (13) | 0.0006 (11) | −0.0111 (11) | −0.0058 (9) |
C3 | 0.0567 (14) | 0.0453 (12) | 0.0768 (16) | −0.0083 (11) | −0.0103 (13) | 0.0041 (11) |
C4 | 0.0518 (13) | 0.0560 (14) | 0.0652 (15) | −0.0017 (12) | 0.0045 (12) | 0.0062 (11) |
C5 | 0.0541 (13) | 0.0494 (12) | 0.0479 (12) | 0.0035 (10) | 0.0039 (10) | −0.0010 (9) |
C6 | 0.0469 (12) | 0.0361 (10) | 0.0394 (10) | 0.0070 (8) | −0.0045 (8) | −0.0012 (8) |
C7 | 0.0508 (12) | 0.0398 (10) | 0.0324 (10) | 0.0056 (9) | −0.0016 (8) | −0.0047 (7) |
C8 | 0.0490 (12) | 0.0364 (9) | 0.0325 (9) | 0.0065 (8) | −0.0011 (8) | −0.0021 (8) |
C9 | 0.0533 (13) | 0.0439 (11) | 0.0372 (10) | 0.0057 (10) | 0.0034 (9) | −0.0063 (8) |
C10 | 0.0483 (12) | 0.0365 (10) | 0.0341 (10) | 0.0059 (8) | −0.0010 (8) | 0.0021 (7) |
C11 | 0.0586 (14) | 0.0499 (12) | 0.0406 (11) | 0.0023 (11) | 0.0081 (10) | −0.0003 (9) |
C12 | 0.0564 (14) | 0.0587 (14) | 0.0535 (13) | −0.0035 (12) | 0.0129 (11) | 0.0070 (10) |
C13 | 0.0563 (14) | 0.0494 (12) | 0.0566 (13) | −0.0093 (11) | −0.0074 (11) | 0.0059 (10) |
C14 | 0.0626 (15) | 0.0479 (12) | 0.0416 (11) | −0.0051 (10) | −0.0051 (10) | −0.0017 (9) |
N1 | 0.0555 (11) | 0.0474 (10) | 0.0357 (9) | −0.0036 (8) | 0.0007 (8) | −0.0011 (7) |
O1 | 0.0630 (11) | 0.0465 (9) | 0.0415 (8) | −0.0009 (7) | 0.0000 (7) | −0.0119 (6) |
O2 | 0.0746 (13) | 0.0742 (13) | 0.0514 (10) | −0.0078 (11) | 0.0216 (9) | −0.0240 (8) |
C1—O1 | 1.369 (3) | C8—C9 | 1.476 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.374 (4) | C8—C10 | 1.489 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.404 (3) | C9—O2 | 1.204 (3) |
C2—C3 | 1.376 (4) | C9—O1 | 1.375 (3) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C10—N1 | 1.355 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.398 (4) | C10—C11 | 1.392 (3) |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C11—C12 | 1.373 (4) |
C4—C5 | 1.379 (4) | C11—H11 | 0.9300 |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C12—C13 | 1.381 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.398 (3) | C12—H12 | 0.9300 |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C13—C14 | 1.382 (4) |
C6—C7 | 1.423 (3) | C13—H13 | 0.9300 |
C7—C8 | 1.347 (3) | C14—N1 | 1.324 (3) |
C7—H7 | 0.9300 | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
O1—C1—C2 | 118.5 (2) | C7—C8—C10 | 121.18 (18) |
O1—C1—C6 | 119.5 (2) | C9—C8—C10 | 120.52 (19) |
C2—C1—C6 | 121.9 (2) | O2—C9—O1 | 115.7 (2) |
C1—C2—C3 | 119.3 (2) | O2—C9—C8 | 127.0 (2) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.4 | O1—C9—C8 | 117.2 (2) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.4 | N1—C10—C11 | 121.0 (2) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.5 (2) | N1—C10—C8 | 114.20 (19) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.8 | C11—C10—C8 | 124.82 (19) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.8 | C12—C11—C10 | 119.7 (2) |
C5—C4—C3 | 119.8 (3) | C12—C11—H11 | 120.2 |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.1 | C10—C11—H11 | 120.2 |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.1 | C11—C12—C13 | 119.5 (2) |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.8 (2) | C11—C12—H12 | 120.2 |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.6 | C13—C12—H12 | 120.2 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.6 | C12—C13—C14 | 117.4 (2) |
C5—C6—C1 | 117.7 (2) | C12—C13—H13 | 121.3 |
C5—C6—C7 | 124.5 (2) | C14—C13—H13 | 121.3 |
C1—C6—C7 | 117.8 (2) | N1—C14—C13 | 124.5 (2) |
C8—C7—C6 | 123.25 (19) | N1—C14—H14 | 117.8 |
C8—C7—H7 | 118.4 | C13—C14—H14 | 117.8 |
C6—C7—H7 | 118.4 | C14—N1—C10 | 118.0 (2) |
C7—C8—C9 | 118.3 (2) | C1—O1—C9 | 123.88 (17) |
O1—C1—C2—C3 | −178.1 (2) | C10—C8—C9—O1 | −179.93 (19) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.7 (4) | C7—C8—C10—N1 | −10.5 (3) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.3 (4) | C9—C8—C10—N1 | 169.58 (19) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.3 (4) | C7—C8—C10—C11 | 168.8 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.5 (4) | C9—C8—C10—C11 | −11.1 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.1 (3) | N1—C10—C11—C12 | 0.4 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | 179.7 (2) | C8—C10—C11—C12 | −178.9 (2) |
O1—C1—C6—C5 | 178.3 (2) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.3 (4) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.5 (3) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.7 (4) |
O1—C1—C6—C7 | −1.6 (3) | C12—C13—C14—N1 | 0.4 (4) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | 179.7 (2) | C13—C14—N1—C10 | 0.2 (4) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −177.9 (2) | C11—C10—N1—C14 | −0.7 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—C8 | 1.8 (3) | C8—C10—N1—C14 | 178.7 (2) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −1.1 (3) | C2—C1—O1—C9 | 179.5 (2) |
C6—C7—C8—C10 | 178.96 (18) | C6—C1—O1—C9 | 0.7 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—O2 | −179.5 (3) | O2—C9—O1—C1 | 179.8 (2) |
C10—C8—C9—O2 | 0.4 (4) | C8—C9—O1—C1 | 0.1 (3) |
C7—C8—C9—O1 | 0.2 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C11—H11···O2 | 0.93 | 2.25 | 2.875 (3) | 124 |
C12—H12···O2i | 0.93 | 2.50 | 3.318 (3) | 147 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x−1, −y, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C14H9NO2 |
Mr | 223.22 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pbca |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.1107 (3), 13.9635 (5), 21.2867 (9) |
V (Å3) | 2113.56 (15) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Cu Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.77 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.31 × 0.22 × 0.11 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Siemens SMART CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.795, 0.920 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 4495, 2055, 1581 |
Rint | 0.021 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.618 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.072, 0.230, 1.09 |
No. of reflections | 2055 |
No. of parameters | 154 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.55, −0.43 |
Computer programs: SMART (Siemens, 1996), SAINT (Siemens, 1996), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
C11—H11···O2 | 0.93 | 2.25 | 2.875 (3) | 124 |
C12—H12···O2i | 0.93 | 2.50 | 3.318 (3) | 147 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x−1, −y, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (3ZS061-A25–019).
References
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Coumarins are an important class of organic compounds, which have been extensively investigated due to their applications in biological, chemical and physical fields (Walshe, et al., 1997; Fylaktakidou, et al., 2004; Yu, et al., 2010; Trenor, et al., 2004). The photophysical and spectroscopic properties of the coumarin derivatives can be readily modified by the introduction of substituents in parent coumarin, converting themselves into more useful products and more flexibility to fit well in various applications (Griffiths, et al., 1995; Yu, et al., 2006). Among the substituted coumarins, heterocyclic groups at the 3-position have given rise to many derivatives of biological and structural importance. For example, 3-pyridyl substituted coumarins are not only known for their diverse physiological activities (Moffett, et al., 1964), but also have outstanding optical properties including high quantum yields and superior photostability (Yu, et al., 2010). In addition, 3-pyridyl substituted coumarins have attracted considerable interest due to their use as ligands for Ir (III) complexes which possess higher quantum yields and much higher brightnesses (Ren, et al., 2008; Ren, et al., 2010). In this paper, we report the synthesis and crystal structure of 3-(pyridin-2-yl)coumarin.
The molecular structure of the title compound and the ORTEP structure is shown in Fig.1. The bond lengths and angles in the molecule are within normal ranges (Allen et al., 1987). Both the pyrone and benzene rings in the coumarin motif are essentially planar. The dihedral angle between them is 1.40 (2)°, thus the coumarin moiety is essentially planar. The pyridine ring makes an angle of 10.40 (3)° with the pyrone ring, they are not coplanar.
The crystal structure is stabilized by intramolecular and intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 2). Specially, the molecules form one-dimensional chains through intermolecular C12—H12···O2 hydrogen bonds with a motif fashion of R22(14) (Fig. 3).