organic compounds
4-Bromoanilinium perchlorate 18-crown-6 clathrate
aOrdered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: zmmzyahfdzg@126.com
The reaction of 4-bromoaniline, 18-crown-6, and perchloric acid in methanol yields the title compound, C6H7BrN+·ClO4−·C12H24O6, in which the protonated –NH3+ group forms three bifurcated N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to the O atoms of the crown ether.
Related literature
For similar crown ether et al. (2002); Ge et al. (2010); Zhao (2010). For their ferroelectric properties, see: Zhang, Cheng et al. (2009); Zhang, Ye et al. (2009); Ye et al. (2009). For related structures, see: Ge & Zhao (2010a,b); Zhao & Qu (2010ab).
see: AkutagawaExperimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
|
Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); cell CrystalClear; data reduction: CrystalClear; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810040481/jh2210sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810040481/jh2210Isup2.hkl
C6BrNH6.HClO4 (2 mmol, 0.546 g) and 18-crown-6 (2 mmol, 0.528 g) were dissolved in methanol solution. The precipitate was filtered out. Two days later, single crystals suitable for X-ray
were obtained from slow evaporation of methanol solution at 0°C.All the C—H hydrogen atoms were calculated geometrically and with C—H distances ranging from 0.93 to 0.97 Å and were allowed to ride on the C and O atoms to which they are bonded. With which Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C).
All the N—H hydrogen atoms were calculated geometrically. The positions of the H atoms of the nitrogen atoms were refined using a riding model with N—H = 0.91 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(N).
There is currently much interest in
due to their ability to form non-covalent, H-bonding complexes with ammonium cations both in solid and in solution. Not only the size of the crown ether, but also the nature of the ammonium cation (–NH4+, RNH3+, R2NH2+, etc) can influence on the stoichiometry and stability of these host–guest complexes (Zhao et al. 2010). The host molecules combine with the guest species by intermolecular interaction, and if the host molecule possess some specific sites, it is easy to realise high selectivity in ion or molecular recognitions. 18-Crown-6 have the highest affinity for ammonium cation RNH3+.Dielectric permittivity of the title compound is tested to systematically investigate the ferroelectric phase transitions materials (Ye et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2009). The title compound has no dielectric anomaly with the value of 3.5 and 7.8 under 1M Hz in the temperature from 80 to 430 K (m.p.> 453 K), suggesting that the compound should be no distinct
occurred within the measured temperature range.The title compound is composed of cationic [C6BrNH7(18-Crown-6)]+ and one single anionic [ClO4]- anions (Fig. 1). Supramolecular rotators was assembled between protonated 4-bromoaniline (C6BrH4—NH3)+and 18-crown-6 by of hydrogen-bonding. The ammonium moieties of (–NH3+) cations were interacted with the oxygen atom of
through six simple N—H···O hydrogen bonding, forming 1:1 supramolecular rotator-stator structures.Supramolecular cation structure, [C6BrNH7(18-Crown-6)]+, were introduced as counter cations to [ClO4]- anions. The crown adopts a conformation in which the rings show some distortion from the mean plane. The C—N bonds of [C6BrNH7]+ were almost perpendicular to the mean oxygen planes of
Cl has a flattened tetrahedral coordination by four O- ions [range of cis-bond angles = 109.08 (14)–109.88 (15) °; dav (Cl—O) = 1.444 (2)–1.449 (2) Å].The title compound was stabilized by intramolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonds, but no intermolecular hydrogen bond was observed (Fig. 2). The intramolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonding length are within the usual range: 2.850 (3) and 2.938 (2) Å.
For similar crown ether
see: Akutagawa et al. (2002); Ge et al. (2010); Zhao (2010). For their ferroelectric properties, see: Zhang, Cheng et al. (2009); Zhang, Ye et al. (2009); Ye et al. (2009). For related structures, see: Ge & Zhao (2010a,b); Zhao & Qu (2010ab).Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); cell
CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).C6H7BrN+·ClO4−·C12H24O6 | F(000) = 1112 |
Mr = 536.79 | Dx = 1.579 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, Pnma | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ac 2n | Cell parameters from 6002 reflections |
a = 15.583 (7) Å | θ = 3.1–27.5° |
b = 11.469 (5) Å | µ = 1.99 mm−1 |
c = 12.633 (6) Å | T = 93 K |
V = 2257.7 (18) Å3 | Prism, colorless |
Z = 4 | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm |
Rigaku SCXmini diffractometer | 2694 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 2561 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.046 |
Detector resolution: 28.5714 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 27.4°, θmin = 3.1° |
CCD_Profile_fitting scans | h = −20→20 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) | k = −14→14 |
Tmin = 0.671, Tmax = 0.678 | l = −16→16 |
23692 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.038 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.104 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0645P)2 + 1.990P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2694 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
146 parameters | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.50 e Å−3 |
C6H7BrN+·ClO4−·C12H24O6 | V = 2257.7 (18) Å3 |
Mr = 536.79 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, Pnma | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 15.583 (7) Å | µ = 1.99 mm−1 |
b = 11.469 (5) Å | T = 93 K |
c = 12.633 (6) Å | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 mm |
Rigaku SCXmini diffractometer | 2694 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) | 2561 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.671, Tmax = 0.678 | Rint = 0.046 |
23692 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.038 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.104 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.01 | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
2694 reflections | Δρmin = −0.50 e Å−3 |
146 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
C5 | 0.28939 (14) | 0.14670 (19) | 0.53702 (17) | 0.0192 (5) | |
H5A | 0.3403 | 0.1418 | 0.5796 | 0.023* | |
H5B | 0.2406 | 0.1491 | 0.5834 | 0.023* | |
C6 | 0.28315 (14) | 0.0420 (2) | 0.46603 (19) | 0.0189 (4) | |
H6A | 0.2881 | −0.0283 | 0.5069 | 0.023* | |
H6B | 0.3289 | 0.0435 | 0.4152 | 0.023* | |
C7 | 0.18311 (14) | −0.06318 (18) | 0.35971 (17) | 0.0172 (4) | |
H7A | 0.2267 | −0.0800 | 0.3083 | 0.021* | |
H7B | 0.1816 | −0.1258 | 0.4101 | 0.021* | |
C8 | 0.09748 (14) | −0.05164 (18) | 0.30595 (17) | 0.0171 (4) | |
H8A | 0.0552 | −0.0262 | 0.3561 | 0.020* | |
H8B | 0.0797 | −0.1256 | 0.2778 | 0.020* | |
C9 | 0.02573 (13) | 0.04351 (19) | 0.16556 (17) | 0.0164 (4) | |
H9A | 0.0147 | −0.0262 | 0.1257 | 0.020* | |
H9B | −0.0206 | 0.0546 | 0.2145 | 0.020* | |
C10 | 0.03150 (14) | 0.14646 (18) | 0.09257 (16) | 0.0159 (4) | |
H10A | −0.0190 | 0.1508 | 0.0492 | 0.019* | |
H10B | 0.0806 | 0.1386 | 0.0472 | 0.019* | |
O1 | 0.29171 (15) | 0.2500 | 0.47351 (17) | 0.0175 (4) | |
O2 | 0.20209 (9) | 0.04497 (13) | 0.41238 (12) | 0.0166 (3) | |
O3 | 0.10476 (9) | 0.03158 (13) | 0.22212 (12) | 0.0156 (3) | |
O4 | 0.03915 (14) | 0.2500 | 0.15568 (16) | 0.0148 (4) | |
O5 | 0.11943 (10) | 0.14672 (14) | 0.73375 (13) | 0.0243 (4) | |
O6 | 0.01814 (13) | 0.2500 | 0.83702 (18) | 0.0184 (5) | |
O7 | 0.16415 (14) | 0.2500 | 0.88559 (18) | 0.0200 (5) | |
Cl1 | 0.10535 (4) | 0.2500 | 0.79722 (6) | 0.01469 (17) | |
N1 | 0.18963 (16) | 0.2500 | 0.2839 (2) | 0.0142 (5) | |
H1A | 0.1736 | 0.1752 | 0.2975 | 0.021* | 0.50 |
H1B | 0.1462 | 0.2879 | 0.2501 | 0.021* | 0.50 |
H1C | 0.2016 | 0.2870 | 0.3459 | 0.021* | 0.50 |
C1 | 0.4115 (2) | 0.2500 | 0.0932 (2) | 0.0179 (6)* | |
C2 | 0.37554 (14) | 0.35578 (19) | 0.12293 (17) | 0.0185 (4)* | |
H2A | 0.4006 | 0.4272 | 0.1007 | 0.022* | |
C3 | 0.30225 (14) | 0.35541 (18) | 0.18573 (16) | 0.0164 (4) | |
H3A | 0.2769 | 0.4268 | 0.2074 | 0.020* | |
C4 | 0.26646 (19) | 0.2500 | 0.2164 (2) | 0.0139 (5) | |
Br1 | 0.51210 (2) | 0.2500 | 0.00763 (3) | 0.02519 (13) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C5 | 0.0183 (10) | 0.0250 (12) | 0.0142 (10) | 0.0009 (8) | −0.0030 (8) | 0.0049 (9) |
C6 | 0.0143 (10) | 0.0211 (11) | 0.0212 (10) | 0.0029 (8) | −0.0023 (8) | 0.0037 (9) |
C7 | 0.0202 (10) | 0.0131 (9) | 0.0184 (10) | 0.0006 (8) | 0.0010 (8) | 0.0021 (8) |
C8 | 0.0199 (10) | 0.0141 (10) | 0.0173 (10) | −0.0025 (8) | 0.0004 (8) | 0.0022 (8) |
C9 | 0.0161 (9) | 0.0140 (10) | 0.0192 (10) | −0.0025 (8) | −0.0022 (8) | −0.0007 (8) |
C10 | 0.0162 (9) | 0.0168 (10) | 0.0147 (10) | −0.0008 (8) | −0.0021 (8) | −0.0032 (8) |
O1 | 0.0214 (11) | 0.0173 (10) | 0.0138 (10) | 0.000 | −0.0018 (8) | 0.000 |
O2 | 0.0158 (7) | 0.0142 (7) | 0.0199 (7) | 0.0015 (6) | −0.0036 (6) | 0.0005 (6) |
O3 | 0.0158 (7) | 0.0138 (7) | 0.0172 (7) | −0.0020 (5) | −0.0012 (6) | 0.0033 (6) |
O4 | 0.0195 (10) | 0.0101 (9) | 0.0148 (10) | 0.000 | −0.0032 (8) | 0.000 |
O5 | 0.0232 (8) | 0.0215 (8) | 0.0281 (9) | 0.0019 (6) | 0.0025 (7) | −0.0111 (7) |
O6 | 0.0130 (10) | 0.0196 (11) | 0.0227 (12) | 0.000 | 0.0015 (8) | 0.000 |
O7 | 0.0172 (11) | 0.0225 (11) | 0.0203 (11) | 0.000 | −0.0038 (9) | 0.000 |
Cl1 | 0.0135 (3) | 0.0137 (3) | 0.0168 (3) | 0.000 | 0.0006 (2) | 0.000 |
N1 | 0.0141 (12) | 0.0124 (11) | 0.0162 (12) | 0.000 | −0.0009 (9) | 0.000 |
C3 | 0.0182 (10) | 0.0148 (10) | 0.0161 (10) | 0.0001 (8) | −0.0017 (8) | −0.0017 (8) |
C4 | 0.0135 (13) | 0.0183 (14) | 0.0099 (12) | 0.000 | −0.0025 (10) | 0.000 |
Br1 | 0.01691 (19) | 0.0359 (2) | 0.0227 (2) | 0.000 | 0.00469 (11) | 0.000 |
C5—O1 | 1.431 (2) | C10—H10B | 0.9600 |
C5—C6 | 1.502 (3) | O1—C5i | 1.431 (2) |
C5—H5A | 0.9601 | O4—C10i | 1.435 (2) |
C5—H5B | 0.9600 | O5—Cl1 | 1.4471 (16) |
C6—O2 | 1.434 (3) | O6—Cl1 | 1.449 (2) |
C6—H6A | 0.9601 | O7—Cl1 | 1.444 (2) |
C6—H6B | 0.9598 | Cl1—O5i | 1.4471 (16) |
C7—O2 | 1.438 (3) | N1—C4 | 1.470 (4) |
C7—C8 | 1.503 (3) | N1—H1A | 0.9100 |
C7—H7A | 0.9599 | N1—H1B | 0.9100 |
C7—H7B | 0.9600 | N1—H1C | 0.9100 |
C8—O3 | 1.430 (2) | C1—C2 | 1.388 (3) |
C8—H8A | 0.9601 | C1—C2i | 1.388 (3) |
C8—H8B | 0.9601 | C1—Br1 | 1.905 (3) |
C9—O3 | 1.430 (3) | C2—C3 | 1.391 (3) |
C9—C10 | 1.501 (3) | C2—H2A | 0.9500 |
C9—H9A | 0.9600 | C3—C4 | 1.387 (3) |
C9—H9B | 0.9600 | C3—H3A | 0.9500 |
C10—O4 | 1.435 (2) | C4—C3i | 1.387 (3) |
C10—H10A | 0.9600 | ||
O1—C5—C6 | 109.20 (18) | C9—C10—H10A | 110.0 |
O1—C5—H5A | 109.9 | O4—C10—H10B | 110.1 |
C6—C5—H5A | 110.0 | C9—C10—H10B | 109.9 |
O1—C5—H5B | 109.7 | H10A—C10—H10B | 108.4 |
C6—C5—H5B | 109.6 | C5i—O1—C5 | 111.7 (2) |
H5A—C5—H5B | 108.3 | C6—O2—C7 | 112.27 (16) |
O2—C6—C5 | 108.66 (17) | C8—O3—C9 | 111.43 (15) |
O2—C6—H6A | 110.2 | C10i—O4—C10 | 111.7 (2) |
C5—C6—H6A | 110.2 | O7—Cl1—O5i | 109.40 (9) |
O2—C6—H6B | 109.8 | O7—Cl1—O5 | 109.40 (9) |
C5—C6—H6B | 109.7 | O5i—Cl1—O5 | 109.88 (15) |
H6A—C6—H6B | 108.4 | O7—Cl1—O6 | 109.08 (14) |
O2—C7—C8 | 108.39 (17) | O5i—Cl1—O6 | 109.53 (9) |
O2—C7—H7A | 109.9 | O5—Cl1—O6 | 109.53 (9) |
C8—C7—H7A | 109.9 | C4—N1—H1A | 109.5 |
O2—C7—H7B | 110.1 | C4—N1—H1B | 109.5 |
C8—C7—H7B | 110.1 | H1A—N1—H1B | 109.5 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 108.4 | C4—N1—H1C | 109.5 |
O3—C8—C7 | 108.84 (16) | H1A—N1—H1C | 109.5 |
O3—C8—H8A | 109.9 | H1B—N1—H1C | 109.5 |
C7—C8—H8A | 109.8 | C2—C1—C2i | 121.9 (3) |
O3—C8—H8B | 109.8 | C2—C1—Br1 | 119.06 (14) |
C7—C8—H8B | 110.2 | C2i—C1—Br1 | 119.06 (14) |
H8A—C8—H8B | 108.4 | C1—C2—C3 | 118.9 (2) |
O3—C9—C10 | 109.31 (17) | C1—C2—H2A | 120.6 |
O3—C9—H9A | 109.7 | C3—C2—H2A | 120.6 |
C10—C9—H9A | 110.1 | C4—C3—C2 | 119.5 (2) |
O3—C9—H9B | 109.8 | C4—C3—H3A | 120.3 |
C10—C9—H9B | 109.7 | C2—C3—H3A | 120.3 |
H9A—C9—H9B | 108.3 | C3i—C4—C3 | 121.4 (3) |
O4—C10—C9 | 108.34 (17) | C3i—C4—N1 | 119.32 (14) |
O4—C10—H10A | 110.0 | C3—C4—N1 | 119.32 (14) |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+1/2, z. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1A···O2 | 0.91 | 2.13 | 2.864 (2) | 137 |
N1—H1A···O3 | 0.91 | 2.18 | 2.938 (2) | 140 |
N1—H1B···O4 | 0.91 | 2.10 | 2.850 (3) | 139 |
N1—H1B···O3i | 0.91 | 2.20 | 2.938 (2) | 138 |
N1—H1C···O2i | 0.91 | 2.10 | 2.864 (2) | 141 |
N1—H1C···O1 | 0.91 | 2.18 | 2.875 (3) | 133 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+1/2, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C6H7BrN+·ClO4−·C12H24O6 |
Mr | 536.79 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, Pnma |
Temperature (K) | 93 |
a, b, c (Å) | 15.583 (7), 11.469 (5), 12.633 (6) |
V (Å3) | 2257.7 (18) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.99 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Rigaku SCXmini |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.671, 0.678 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 23692, 2694, 2561 |
Rint | 0.046 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.648 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.038, 0.104, 1.01 |
No. of reflections | 2694 |
No. of parameters | 146 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.57, −0.50 |
Computer programs: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N1—H1A···O2 | 0.91 | 2.13 | 2.864 (2) | 137.0 |
N1—H1A···O3 | 0.91 | 2.18 | 2.938 (2) | 139.8 |
N1—H1B···O4 | 0.91 | 2.10 | 2.850 (3) | 139.4 |
N1—H1B···O3i | 0.91 | 2.20 | 2.938 (2) | 138.0 |
N1—H1C···O2i | 0.91 | 2.10 | 2.864 (2) | 140.5 |
N1—H1C···O1 | 0.91 | 2.18 | 2.875 (3) | 132.7 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+1/2, z. |
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the starter fund of Southeast University for financial support to buy the X-ray diffractometer.
References
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There is currently much interest in crown ethers due to their ability to form non-covalent, H-bonding complexes with ammonium cations both in solid and in solution. Not only the size of the crown ether, but also the nature of the ammonium cation (–NH4+, RNH3+, R2NH2+, etc) can influence on the stoichiometry and stability of these host–guest complexes (Zhao et al. 2010). The host molecules combine with the guest species by intermolecular interaction, and if the host molecule possess some specific sites, it is easy to realise high selectivity in ion or molecular recognitions. 18-Crown-6 have the highest affinity for ammonium cation RNH3+.
Dielectric permittivity of the title compound is tested to systematically investigate the ferroelectric phase transitions materials (Ye et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2009). The title compound has no dielectric anomaly with the value of 3.5 and 7.8 under 1M Hz in the temperature from 80 to 430 K (m.p.> 453 K), suggesting that the compound should be no distinct phase transition occurred within the measured temperature range.
The title compound is composed of cationic [C6BrNH7(18-Crown-6)]+ and one single anionic [ClO4]- anions (Fig. 1). Supramolecular rotators was assembled between protonated 4-bromoaniline (C6BrH4—NH3)+and 18-crown-6 by of hydrogen-bonding. The ammonium moieties of (–NH3+) cations were interacted with the oxygen atom of crown ethers through six simple N—H···O hydrogen bonding, forming 1:1 supramolecular rotator-stator structures.
Supramolecular cation structure, [C6BrNH7(18-Crown-6)]+, were introduced as counter cations to [ClO4]- anions. The crown adopts a conformation in which the rings show some distortion from the mean plane. The C—N bonds of [C6BrNH7]+ were almost perpendicular to the mean oxygen planes of crown ethers. Cl has a flattened tetrahedral coordination by four O- ions [range of cis-bond angles = 109.08 (14)–109.88 (15) °; dav (Cl—O) = 1.444 (2)–1.449 (2) Å].
The title compound was stabilized by intramolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonds, but no intermolecular hydrogen bond was observed (Fig. 2). The intramolecular N—H···O hydrogen bonding length are within the usual range: 2.850 (3) and 2.938 (2) Å.