organic compounds
Creatininium cinnamate
aDepartment of Science and Humanities, National College of Engineering, Maruthakulam, Tirunelveli 627 151, India, bDepartment of Physics, University College of Engineering Nagercoil, Anna University of Technology Tirunelveli, Nagercoil 629 004, India, and cDepartment of Physics, Kalasalingam University, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil 626 190, India
*Correspondence e-mail: s_a_bahadur@yahoo.co.in
The H-imidazol-3-ium 3-phenylprop-2-enoate), C4H8N3O+·C9H7O2−, is stabilized by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Cations are linked to anions to form ion pairs with an R22(8) ring motif. These ion pairs are connected through a C22(6) chain motif extending along the c axis of the This crystal packing is characterized by hydrophobic layers at x ∼ 1/2 packed between hydrophilic layers at x ∼ 0.
of the title compound (systematic name: 2-amino-1-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1Related literature
For related structures, see: Bahadur, Kannan et al. (2007); Bahadur, Sivapragasam et al. (2007); Bahadur, Rajalakshmi et al. (2007). For hydrogen-bonding motif notation, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For crystal engineering, see: Desiraju (1989). For information about creatinine and its biological significance, see: Madaras & Buck (1996); Sharma et al. (2004); Narayanan & Appleton (1980).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL/PC; molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL/PC.
Supporting information
10.1107/S1600536811016916/bt5542sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536811016916/bt5542Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536811016916/bt5542Isup3.cml
The title compound was crystallized from an aqueous mixture containing creatinine and cinnamic acid in the stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 at room temperature by slow evaporation technique.
All the H atoms except the atoms involved in hydrogen bonds were positioned geometrically and refined using a riding model, with C—H = 0.93 (–CH) and 0.96 Å (–CH3) and Uiso(H) = 1.2–1.5 Ueq (parent atom). H atoms involved in hydrogen bonds were located from differential Fourier maps and refined isotropically.
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2001); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2001); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008).C4H8N3O+·C9H7O2− | F(000) = 552 |
Mr = 261.28 | Dx = 1.357 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 3849 reflections |
a = 9.1680 (8) Å | θ = 2.1–24.5° |
b = 11.3391 (11) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
c = 12.7070 (12) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 104.578 (2)° | Block, colourless |
V = 1278.5 (2) Å3 | 0.25 × 0.22 × 0.18 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2037 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.023 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 2.3° |
ω scans | h = −10→10 |
9014 measured reflections | k = −13→13 |
2250 independent reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.100 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0546P)2 + 0.2262P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.05 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
2250 reflections | Δρmax = 0.16 e Å−3 |
186 parameters | Δρmin = −0.14 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.047 (4) |
C4H8N3O+·C9H7O2− | V = 1278.5 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 261.28 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 9.1680 (8) Å | µ = 0.10 mm−1 |
b = 11.3391 (11) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 12.7070 (12) Å | 0.25 × 0.22 × 0.18 mm |
β = 104.578 (2)° |
Bruker SMART APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer | 2037 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
9014 measured reflections | Rint = 0.023 |
2250 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.100 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.16 e Å−3 |
2250 reflections | Δρmin = −0.14 e Å−3 |
186 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C11 | 0.90518 (15) | −0.14215 (12) | 0.42786 (10) | 0.0444 (3) | |
C12 | 0.82555 (14) | −0.03500 (11) | 0.37734 (10) | 0.0425 (3) | |
H12 | 0.8449 | −0.0046 | 0.3142 | 0.051* | |
C13 | 0.72755 (15) | 0.01743 (12) | 0.42137 (10) | 0.0465 (3) | |
H13 | 0.7159 | −0.0168 | 0.4853 | 0.056* | |
C14 | 0.63452 (14) | 0.12096 (11) | 0.38527 (10) | 0.0431 (3) | |
C15 | 0.61909 (16) | 0.17391 (12) | 0.28495 (11) | 0.0501 (3) | |
H15 | 0.6716 | 0.1446 | 0.2368 | 0.060* | |
C16 | 0.52597 (19) | 0.26999 (14) | 0.25656 (13) | 0.0620 (4) | |
H16 | 0.5149 | 0.3046 | 0.1887 | 0.074* | |
C17 | 0.44942 (18) | 0.31527 (14) | 0.32702 (14) | 0.0627 (4) | |
H17 | 0.3885 | 0.3813 | 0.3076 | 0.075* | |
C18 | 0.46263 (19) | 0.26350 (16) | 0.42554 (14) | 0.0685 (5) | |
H18 | 0.4099 | 0.2934 | 0.4733 | 0.082* | |
C19 | 0.55385 (19) | 0.16718 (15) | 0.45395 (12) | 0.0616 (4) | |
H19 | 0.5618 | 0.1319 | 0.5212 | 0.074* | |
C5 | 0.88984 (14) | 0.38873 (11) | 0.37801 (10) | 0.0404 (3) | |
C3 | 0.78741 (16) | 0.45605 (12) | 0.50957 (11) | 0.0490 (3) | |
C2 | 0.74062 (17) | 0.53562 (12) | 0.41229 (11) | 0.0514 (4) | |
H2A | 0.6319 | 0.5368 | 0.3846 | 0.062* | |
H2B | 0.7763 | 0.6155 | 0.4299 | 0.062* | |
C1 | 0.8109 (2) | 0.53413 (16) | 0.23096 (13) | 0.0705 (5) | |
H1A | 0.8739 | 0.6030 | 0.2417 | 0.106* | |
H1B | 0.7096 | 0.5559 | 0.1944 | 0.106* | |
H1C | 0.8481 | 0.4779 | 0.1875 | 0.106* | |
N1 | 0.81251 (13) | 0.48238 (10) | 0.33492 (9) | 0.0477 (3) | |
N4 | 0.87699 (13) | 0.37178 (10) | 0.48180 (9) | 0.0445 (3) | |
N5 | 0.96941 (14) | 0.32061 (11) | 0.33272 (10) | 0.0490 (3) | |
O11 | 0.99961 (12) | −0.18945 (8) | 0.38395 (8) | 0.0530 (3) | |
O12 | 0.87297 (14) | −0.18107 (10) | 0.51056 (9) | 0.0711 (4) | |
O1 | 0.75459 (15) | 0.46421 (10) | 0.59527 (9) | 0.0710 (4) | |
H4 | 0.9161 (18) | 0.3101 (15) | 0.5239 (14) | 0.060 (5)* | |
H5A | 0.9778 (18) | 0.3305 (14) | 0.2643 (15) | 0.058 (4)* | |
H5B | 1.0243 (19) | 0.2638 (16) | 0.3789 (15) | 0.066 (5)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C11 | 0.0542 (7) | 0.0438 (7) | 0.0369 (6) | 0.0026 (6) | 0.0146 (5) | 0.0020 (5) |
C12 | 0.0507 (7) | 0.0421 (7) | 0.0361 (6) | 0.0009 (5) | 0.0134 (5) | 0.0027 (5) |
C13 | 0.0584 (8) | 0.0485 (7) | 0.0338 (6) | 0.0048 (6) | 0.0137 (6) | 0.0018 (5) |
C14 | 0.0480 (7) | 0.0435 (7) | 0.0385 (7) | 0.0017 (5) | 0.0125 (5) | −0.0033 (5) |
C15 | 0.0614 (8) | 0.0500 (8) | 0.0425 (7) | 0.0052 (6) | 0.0196 (6) | −0.0004 (6) |
C16 | 0.0775 (10) | 0.0569 (9) | 0.0514 (8) | 0.0108 (8) | 0.0155 (7) | 0.0125 (7) |
C17 | 0.0643 (9) | 0.0541 (9) | 0.0671 (10) | 0.0176 (7) | 0.0116 (8) | 0.0003 (7) |
C18 | 0.0749 (10) | 0.0713 (11) | 0.0660 (10) | 0.0226 (9) | 0.0301 (8) | −0.0061 (8) |
C19 | 0.0767 (10) | 0.0682 (10) | 0.0463 (8) | 0.0190 (8) | 0.0276 (7) | 0.0051 (7) |
C5 | 0.0469 (7) | 0.0404 (7) | 0.0353 (6) | −0.0022 (5) | 0.0130 (5) | 0.0000 (5) |
C3 | 0.0625 (8) | 0.0446 (7) | 0.0451 (7) | 0.0008 (6) | 0.0231 (6) | −0.0030 (6) |
C2 | 0.0596 (8) | 0.0469 (8) | 0.0507 (8) | 0.0092 (6) | 0.0196 (6) | 0.0002 (6) |
C1 | 0.0960 (12) | 0.0713 (11) | 0.0481 (9) | 0.0244 (9) | 0.0257 (8) | 0.0208 (7) |
N1 | 0.0600 (7) | 0.0469 (6) | 0.0385 (6) | 0.0083 (5) | 0.0165 (5) | 0.0061 (5) |
N4 | 0.0596 (7) | 0.0415 (6) | 0.0363 (6) | 0.0050 (5) | 0.0194 (5) | 0.0036 (5) |
N5 | 0.0634 (7) | 0.0509 (7) | 0.0374 (6) | 0.0112 (6) | 0.0216 (5) | 0.0045 (5) |
O11 | 0.0690 (6) | 0.0500 (6) | 0.0451 (5) | 0.0160 (4) | 0.0240 (5) | 0.0054 (4) |
O12 | 0.0861 (8) | 0.0757 (8) | 0.0637 (7) | 0.0326 (6) | 0.0415 (6) | 0.0330 (6) |
O1 | 0.1074 (9) | 0.0644 (7) | 0.0550 (6) | 0.0145 (6) | 0.0460 (6) | −0.0001 (5) |
C11—O12 | 1.2419 (16) | C19—H19 | 0.9300 |
C11—O11 | 1.2616 (16) | C5—N5 | 1.2928 (17) |
C11—C12 | 1.4784 (18) | C5—N1 | 1.3170 (16) |
C12—C13 | 1.3140 (18) | C5—N4 | 1.3669 (16) |
C12—H12 | 0.9300 | C3—O1 | 1.2041 (16) |
C13—C14 | 1.4558 (19) | C3—N4 | 1.3631 (17) |
C13—H13 | 0.9300 | C2—N1 | 1.4462 (16) |
C14—C19 | 1.3814 (18) | C2—H2A | 0.9700 |
C14—C15 | 1.3836 (19) | C2—H2B | 0.9700 |
C15—C16 | 1.375 (2) | C1—N1 | 1.4422 (17) |
C15—H15 | 0.9300 | C1—H1A | 0.9600 |
C16—C17 | 1.369 (2) | C1—H1B | 0.9600 |
C16—H16 | 0.9300 | C1—H1C | 0.9600 |
C17—C18 | 1.360 (2) | N4—H4 | 0.899 (18) |
C17—H17 | 0.9300 | N5—H5A | 0.899 (18) |
C18—C19 | 1.368 (2) | N5—H5B | 0.929 (19) |
C18—H18 | 0.9300 | ||
O12—C11—O11 | 123.98 (12) | N5—C5—N1 | 126.99 (12) |
O12—C11—C12 | 117.57 (11) | N5—C5—N4 | 122.74 (12) |
O11—C11—C12 | 118.44 (11) | N1—C5—N4 | 110.27 (11) |
C13—C12—C11 | 120.18 (12) | O1—C3—N4 | 126.30 (13) |
C13—C12—H12 | 119.9 | O1—C3—C2 | 127.81 (13) |
C11—C12—H12 | 119.9 | N4—C3—C2 | 105.88 (11) |
C12—C13—C14 | 129.78 (12) | N1—C2—C3 | 102.94 (11) |
C12—C13—H13 | 115.1 | N1—C2—H2A | 111.2 |
C14—C13—H13 | 115.1 | C3—C2—H2A | 111.2 |
C19—C14—C15 | 118.07 (13) | N1—C2—H2B | 111.2 |
C19—C14—C13 | 118.11 (12) | C3—C2—H2B | 111.2 |
C15—C14—C13 | 123.79 (11) | H2A—C2—H2B | 109.1 |
C16—C15—C14 | 119.89 (13) | N1—C1—H1A | 109.5 |
C16—C15—H15 | 120.1 | N1—C1—H1B | 109.5 |
C14—C15—H15 | 120.1 | H1A—C1—H1B | 109.5 |
C17—C16—C15 | 120.80 (14) | N1—C1—H1C | 109.5 |
C17—C16—H16 | 119.6 | H1A—C1—H1C | 109.5 |
C15—C16—H16 | 119.6 | H1B—C1—H1C | 109.5 |
C18—C17—C16 | 119.90 (14) | C5—N1—C1 | 126.10 (12) |
C18—C17—H17 | 120.0 | C5—N1—C2 | 110.10 (10) |
C16—C17—H17 | 120.0 | C1—N1—C2 | 123.47 (12) |
C17—C18—C19 | 119.63 (14) | C3—N4—C5 | 110.80 (11) |
C17—C18—H18 | 120.2 | C3—N4—H4 | 124.6 (10) |
C19—C18—H18 | 120.2 | C5—N4—H4 | 124.4 (10) |
C18—C19—C14 | 121.69 (14) | C5—N5—H5A | 123.4 (10) |
C18—C19—H19 | 119.2 | C5—N5—H5B | 114.2 (10) |
C14—C19—H19 | 119.2 | H5A—N5—H5B | 122.2 (14) |
O12—C11—C12—C13 | 1.7 (2) | O1—C3—C2—N1 | −179.68 (15) |
O11—C11—C12—C13 | −179.30 (13) | N4—C3—C2—N1 | 0.82 (15) |
C11—C12—C13—C14 | −178.52 (13) | N5—C5—N1—C1 | −5.5 (2) |
C12—C13—C14—C19 | −172.03 (15) | N4—C5—N1—C1 | 173.73 (14) |
C12—C13—C14—C15 | 9.8 (2) | N5—C5—N1—C2 | −179.12 (13) |
C19—C14—C15—C16 | 0.3 (2) | N4—C5—N1—C2 | 0.16 (15) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | 178.51 (14) | C3—C2—N1—C5 | −0.60 (15) |
C14—C15—C16—C17 | 0.9 (2) | C3—C2—N1—C1 | −174.38 (14) |
C15—C16—C17—C18 | −1.4 (3) | O1—C3—N4—C5 | 179.71 (15) |
C16—C17—C18—C19 | 0.7 (3) | C2—C3—N4—C5 | −0.79 (15) |
C17—C18—C19—C14 | 0.5 (3) | N5—C5—N4—C3 | 179.74 (12) |
C15—C14—C19—C18 | −1.0 (2) | N1—C5—N4—C3 | 0.43 (15) |
C13—C14—C19—C18 | −179.29 (16) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H4···O11i | 0.899 (18) | 1.840 (18) | 2.7373 (15) | 177 (2) |
N5—H5A···O11ii | 0.899 (18) | 1.959 (18) | 2.8403 (16) | 166 (1) |
N5—H5B···O12i | 0.929 (19) | 1.754 (19) | 2.6663 (16) | 167 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (ii) −x+2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C4H8N3O+·C9H7O2− |
Mr | 261.28 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 9.1680 (8), 11.3391 (11), 12.7070 (12) |
β (°) | 104.578 (2) |
V (Å3) | 1278.5 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.10 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.25 × 0.22 × 0.18 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX CCD area-detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | – |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 9014, 2250, 2037 |
Rint | 0.023 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.595 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.035, 0.100, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 2250 |
No. of parameters | 186 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.16, −0.14 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2001), SAINT (Bruker, 2001), SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 2008), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008) and PLATON (Spek, 2009).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N4—H4···O11i | 0.899 (18) | 1.840 (18) | 2.7373 (15) | 177 (2) |
N5—H5A···O11ii | 0.899 (18) | 1.959 (18) | 2.8403 (16) | 166 (1) |
N5—H5B···O12i | 0.929 (19) | 1.754 (19) | 2.6663 (16) | 167 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y, −z+1; (ii) −x+2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
AJA and SAB sincerely thank the Vice-Chancellor and management of Kalasalingam University for their support and encouragement. AJA thanks the Principal and the management of the National College of Engineering for their support.
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Noncovalent interactions play a vital role in crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry. Their strength and directionality is responsible for crystal packing and entire molecular arrays (Desiraju, 1989). Our interest lies in the specificity of recognition between inorganic/organic acids and creatinine. Creatinine is a blood metabolite of considerable importance in clinical chemistry, particularly as an indicator of renal function. It has been proven that determination of creatinine is more valuable for the detection of renal dysfunction than that of urea (Sharma et al., 2004). In renal physiology, creatinine clearance (Madaras & Buck, 1996) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time. Clinically, creatinine clearance is a useful measure for estimating the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys. An abnormal level of creatinine in biological fluids is an indicator of various diseases (Narayanan & Appleton, 1980).
The asymmetric part of the title compound contains one creatininium cation and one cinnamate anion (Fig. 1). The protonation of the N site of the cation is evident from C—N bond distances. The values are comaparable with creatininium oxalate monohydrate (Bahadur, Kannan et al., 2007), creatininium benzoate (Bahadur, Sivapragasam et al., 2007) and bis(creatininium) sulfate (Bahadur, Rajalakshmi et al., 2007). The deprotonation on the –COOH group of the cinnamic acid is confirmed from –COO- bond geometry. The planes of the five-membered creatininium ring and the six-membered cinnamate ring are oriented almost parallel to each other with the dihedral angle of 4.5 (1)°. The plane of the deprotonated carboxylate group is twisted out from the plane of aromatic ring by an angle of 11.5 (3)°.
The crystal structure is stabilized by N—H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 2; Table 1). Cations are linked to anions forming ion pairs through two N—H···O bonds that produce ring R22(8) motifs around inversion centres (Bernstein et al., 1995). These ionic dimers are planar and stacked with a dihedral angle of 74.9 (3)°. Further, these adjacent dimers are connected via another N—H···O hydrogen bond leading to chain C22(6) motif extending along b axis of the unit cell (Fig. 3). Alternate hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are observed along the a axis of the unit cell. The hydrophobic regions are located at x ~1/2 whereas the hydrophilic regions are located between the hydrophilic layers at x ~0.