organic compounds
Caloxanthone C: a pyranoxanthone from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri
aDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
*Correspondence e-mail: gwen@science.upm.edu.my
The title compound [systematic name: 5,10-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-12-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)pyrano[3,2-b]xanthen-6(2H)-one], C23H22O5, isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri, consists of four six-membered rings and a 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl side chain. The tricyclic xanthone ring system is almost planar [maximum deviation = 0.093 (2) Å], whereas the pyranoid ring is in a distorted boat conformation. The 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl side chain is in a conformation. There are two intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H⋯O interactions, forming a zigzag chain propagating in [010].
Related literature
For related structures, see: Ee et al. (2010); Fun et al. (2006); Doriguetto et al. (2001); Boonnak et al. (2007); Ndjakou et al. (2007). For the biological activity of Calophyllum species, see: Dharmaratne et al. (1999, 2009); Zou et al. (2005); Ito et al. (1999, 2002); Ee et al. (2004). For standard bond lengths, see Allen et al. (1987).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); cell CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); data reduction: CrysAlis RED; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003); molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: CRYSTALS.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811036294/su2302sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811036294/su2302Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811036294/su2302Isup3.cml
The stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri was collected from the Sri Aman district in Sarawak, Malaysia. Approximately 1 kg of air-dried stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri was ground into a fine powder and extracted successively in a Soxhlet apparatus with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol for 72 h. The extracts were evaporated to dryness under vacuum to give 15.3 g of dichloromethane extract, which was subjected to
over silica gel, several times. Stepwise gradient systems using n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol and eluting through the columns resulted in separation and purification of the extract. Caloxanthone C, a yellowish crystal with the melting point of 210–212 °C was isolated. Single crystals, suitable for X-ray were prepared by the slow evaporation and diffusion of diethyl ether into a solution of Caloxanthone C in chloroform at room temperature.The H atoms could all be located in a difference Fourier map. They were initially refined with soft restraints on the bond lengths and angles to regularize their geometry [O—H = 0.82 Å, C—H = 0.93 - 0.98 Å], after which the positions were refined with riding constraints, with Uiso(H) = k × Ueq(O,C), with k = 1.5 for OH and CH3 H-atoms and k = 1.2 for all other H-atoms.
Calophyllum species are native to tropical areas, mainly in Asia, Australia, Africa and Polynesia. This genus is well known for various bioactivities due to the existence of a variety of
such as xanthones (Dharmaratne et al., 1999), (Ee et al., 2004) and flavanoids (Ito et al., 1999). Xanthones are known to have various biological activities such as, antifungal (Dharmaratne et al., 1999), anti-oxidant (Dharmaratne et al., 2009), anti-inflammatory (Zou et al., 2005) and anti-cancer (Ito et al., 2002). We present here the of Caloxanthone C, isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri.The molecular structure of the title compound is illustrated in Fig. 1. The bond distances are in the normal range (Allen et al., 1987) and together with the bond angles are comparable to those reported for other pyranoxanthone structures (Ee et al. 2010; Fun et al. 2006; Doriguetto et al. 2001), and other closely related structures (Boonnak et al., 2007; Ndjakou et al. 2007).
The title molecule has a xanthone skeleton, which is essentially planar [maximum deviation 0.093 (2) Å for atom C14] with two intramolecular O-H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 1 & Table 1). Rings A (C2,C3,C24-C27), B (O1,C2-C4,C6,C7) and C (C6-C9,C14,C15) are practically coplanar, including atoms O28, O5, and O16, that are linked to them; the latter deviate from the individual mean planes by 0.009 (2) Å, 0.016 (2) Å, and 0.056 (2) Å, for O28 from ring A, O5 from ring B and O16 from ring C, respectively. Rings A and B nearly lie in the same plane, as they form a dihedral angle of only 0.46 (9)°, while rings B and C are inclined to one another by 4.25 (9)°. The mean planes of rings A and C, which intersect on a line approximately through the middle of ring B, are inclined to one another by 4.62 (10)°. The same dihedral angle is 7.78 (9) ° in the trihydroxy derivative of the title compound, reported on by (Fun et al., 2006), and 7.75 (7) ° for a similar pyranoxanthone structure (12-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-3,3,9,9-tetramethylfuro[3,4-b]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthene-7,11(3H,9H)-dione ) reported on by (Ee et al., 2010).
The mean torsional angle of ring D (C9,O10,C11-C14) is 21.08 (13)° and it adopts a conformation half way between an envelope and a half boat. This conformation is probably caused by the constraint of the C12═C13 double bond which results in considerable pucking of ring D, happening at C11. This conformation is similar to that observed in other pyranoxanthone structures, such as 12-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-3,3,9,9-tetramethylfuro[3,4-b]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthene-7,11(3H,9H)-dione (Ee et al., 2010) and 12-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-propenyl)-5,9,10-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-b]xanthen-6-one (Fun et al., 2006).
The orientation of the 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl (C19—C23) side chain with respect to the benzene ring C is indicated by the torsion angle of C7—C8—C19—C20 = 27.6 (3)° [compared to 28.8 (3) ° in (Fun et al., 2006)], indicating a
conformation.In the crystal, there is an intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bond (Table 1, Fig. 2) the leads to the fomation of a zigzag chain propagating in [010].
For related structures, see: Ee et al. (2010); Fun et al. (2006); Doriguetto et al. (2001); Boonnak et al. (2007); Ndjakou et al. (2007). For the biological activity of Calophyllum species, see: Dharmaratne et al. (1999, 2009); Zou et al. (2005); Ito et al. (1999, 2002); Ee et al. (2004). For standard bond lengths, see Allen et al. (1987).
Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); cell
CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003); molecular graphics: Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003).C23H22O5 | F(000) = 800 |
Mr = 378.42 | Dx = 1.359 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Melting point: 189 K |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54184 Å |
a = 6.7013 (3) Å | Cell parameters from 4840 reflections |
b = 15.8951 (7) Å | θ = 71–4° |
c = 17.3891 (7) Å | µ = 0.78 mm−1 |
β = 93.181 (4)° | T = 150 K |
V = 1849.39 (14) Å3 | Plate, yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.34 × 0.15 × 0.07 mm |
Oxford Diffraction Gemini diffractometer | 3503 independent reflections |
Radiation source: sealed x-ray tube | 3048 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.023 |
ω/2θ scans | θmax = 70.9°, θmin = 3.8° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2006) | h = −8→8 |
Tmin = 0.890, Tmax = 0.947 | k = 0→19 |
10133 measured reflections | l = 0→21 |
Refinement on F2 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
Least-squares matrix: full | H-atom parameters constrained |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.056 | Method = Modified Sheldrick w = 1/[σ2(F2) + ( 0.08P)2 + 2.61P] , where P = (max(Fo2,0) + 2Fc2)/3 |
wR(F2) = 0.170 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.0002304 |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.34 e Å−3 |
3488 reflections | Δρmin = −0.34 e Å−3 |
254 parameters | Extinction correction: Larson (1970), Equation 22 |
0 restraints | Extinction coefficient: 27 (7) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
C23H22O5 | V = 1849.39 (14) Å3 |
Mr = 378.42 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Cu Kα radiation |
a = 6.7013 (3) Å | µ = 0.78 mm−1 |
b = 15.8951 (7) Å | T = 150 K |
c = 17.3891 (7) Å | 0.34 × 0.15 × 0.07 mm |
β = 93.181 (4)° |
Oxford Diffraction Gemini diffractometer | 3503 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2006) | 3048 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.890, Tmax = 0.947 | Rint = 0.023 |
10133 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.056 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.170 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.00 | Δρmax = 0.34 e Å−3 |
3488 reflections | Δρmin = −0.34 e Å−3 |
254 parameters |
Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles |
Refinement. For this compound, 10133 numbers of reflections were collected and measured during the refinement. Symmetry related reflections were measured more than once and after merging the symmetry equivalent reflections there were only 3503 reflection left. 15 more reflections were filtered, as σ cutoff was set as -3 and (sinθ/x)set to>0.01 (to eliminate reflection measured near the vicinity of beam stop) therefore numbers of reflection reduced to 3488. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.2643 (2) | 0.41026 (9) | 0.57160 (8) | 0.0229 (4) | |
O5 | 0.2129 (3) | 0.53596 (10) | 0.36618 (9) | 0.0307 (5) | |
O10 | 0.2854 (2) | 0.14802 (10) | 0.44806 (9) | 0.0278 (5) | |
O16 | 0.2066 (3) | 0.39365 (10) | 0.29598 (8) | 0.0303 (5) | |
O28 | 0.3025 (3) | 0.48977 (10) | 0.70816 (9) | 0.0353 (6) | |
C2 | 0.2663 (3) | 0.49629 (13) | 0.56988 (12) | 0.0210 (6) | |
C3 | 0.2503 (3) | 0.54285 (13) | 0.50222 (12) | 0.0218 (6) | |
C4 | 0.2296 (3) | 0.49750 (14) | 0.42909 (12) | 0.0230 (6) | |
C6 | 0.2301 (3) | 0.40664 (13) | 0.43370 (12) | 0.0203 (6) | |
C7 | 0.2456 (3) | 0.36432 (13) | 0.50527 (11) | 0.0197 (6) | |
C8 | 0.2438 (3) | 0.27680 (13) | 0.51359 (12) | 0.0208 (6) | |
C9 | 0.2496 (3) | 0.23212 (13) | 0.44407 (12) | 0.0214 (6) | |
C11 | 0.2127 (4) | 0.09367 (15) | 0.38384 (13) | 0.0309 (7) | |
C12 | 0.2517 (4) | 0.13517 (16) | 0.30843 (13) | 0.0317 (7) | |
C13 | 0.2589 (3) | 0.21808 (15) | 0.30307 (13) | 0.0272 (7) | |
C14 | 0.2370 (3) | 0.27046 (14) | 0.37081 (12) | 0.0226 (6) | |
C15 | 0.2218 (3) | 0.35722 (14) | 0.36604 (12) | 0.0230 (6) | |
C17 | 0.3296 (5) | 0.01284 (17) | 0.39606 (16) | 0.0449 (9) | |
C18 | −0.0109 (4) | 0.07989 (16) | 0.39128 (14) | 0.0362 (8) | |
C19 | 0.2517 (3) | 0.23222 (13) | 0.59319 (12) | 0.0247 (6) | |
C20 | 0.1635 (3) | 0.28569 (13) | 0.65545 (12) | 0.0242 (6) | |
C21 | 0.2403 (4) | 0.29604 (14) | 0.72643 (13) | 0.0275 (7) | |
C22 | 0.4673 (4) | 0.20684 (17) | 0.61492 (13) | 0.0380 (8) | |
C23 | 0.1135 (5) | 0.15364 (17) | 0.59174 (15) | 0.0455 (9) | |
C24 | 0.2559 (3) | 0.63098 (14) | 0.50689 (13) | 0.0261 (7) | |
C25 | 0.2754 (3) | 0.66952 (14) | 0.57769 (15) | 0.0289 (7) | |
C26 | 0.2914 (3) | 0.62217 (15) | 0.64509 (14) | 0.0285 (7) | |
C27 | 0.2857 (3) | 0.53529 (14) | 0.64196 (13) | 0.0253 (6) | |
H12 | 0.26450 | 0.10080 | 0.26490 | 0.0384* | |
H13 | 0.28030 | 0.24340 | 0.25580 | 0.0331* | |
H16 | 0.19700 | 0.44460 | 0.30570 | 0.0463* | |
H171 | 0.31860 | −0.00790 | 0.44700 | 0.0664* | |
H172 | 0.28140 | −0.02920 | 0.35990 | 0.0668* | |
H173 | 0.46950 | 0.02260 | 0.38840 | 0.0665* | |
H181 | −0.03090 | 0.05220 | 0.43970 | 0.0529* | |
H182 | −0.07820 | 0.13340 | 0.38910 | 0.0531* | |
H183 | −0.06030 | 0.04520 | 0.35010 | 0.0534* | |
H20 | 0.03660 | 0.31080 | 0.64190 | 0.0285* | |
H211 | 0.36950 | 0.27610 | 0.74130 | 0.0327* | |
H212 | 0.16730 | 0.32320 | 0.76280 | 0.0333* | |
H221 | 0.55190 | 0.25610 | 0.62300 | 0.0565* | |
H222 | 0.51750 | 0.17280 | 0.57450 | 0.0567* | |
H223 | 0.47390 | 0.17320 | 0.66120 | 0.0565* | |
H231 | 0.09990 | 0.13450 | 0.64360 | 0.0671* | |
H232 | −0.01540 | 0.17000 | 0.56910 | 0.0678* | |
H233 | 0.16600 | 0.10830 | 0.56210 | 0.0677* | |
H24 | 0.24530 | 0.66350 | 0.46210 | 0.0304* | |
H25 | 0.27720 | 0.72990 | 0.58170 | 0.0349* | |
H26 | 0.30550 | 0.64830 | 0.69310 | 0.0342* | |
H28 | 0.29350 | 0.44000 | 0.69800 | 0.0529* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0319 (8) | 0.0176 (8) | 0.0189 (7) | −0.0017 (6) | −0.0004 (6) | −0.0005 (6) |
O5 | 0.0401 (10) | 0.0266 (9) | 0.0250 (8) | 0.0005 (7) | −0.0005 (7) | 0.0077 (6) |
O10 | 0.0396 (9) | 0.0191 (8) | 0.0238 (8) | 0.0034 (7) | −0.0053 (7) | −0.0037 (6) |
O16 | 0.0421 (10) | 0.0300 (9) | 0.0184 (8) | 0.0007 (7) | −0.0007 (7) | 0.0032 (6) |
O28 | 0.0587 (12) | 0.0246 (9) | 0.0222 (8) | −0.0023 (8) | −0.0006 (7) | −0.0024 (6) |
C2 | 0.0197 (10) | 0.0174 (10) | 0.0260 (11) | −0.0002 (8) | 0.0012 (8) | 0.0000 (8) |
C3 | 0.0156 (10) | 0.0217 (11) | 0.0279 (11) | −0.0009 (8) | 0.0006 (8) | 0.0012 (8) |
C4 | 0.0198 (10) | 0.0244 (11) | 0.0247 (11) | 0.0003 (8) | 0.0011 (8) | 0.0041 (9) |
C6 | 0.0163 (10) | 0.0230 (11) | 0.0214 (10) | −0.0002 (8) | −0.0003 (8) | 0.0011 (8) |
C7 | 0.0189 (10) | 0.0212 (11) | 0.0189 (10) | −0.0009 (8) | 0.0001 (8) | −0.0015 (8) |
C8 | 0.0215 (10) | 0.0205 (11) | 0.0200 (10) | −0.0011 (8) | −0.0019 (8) | 0.0004 (8) |
C9 | 0.0203 (10) | 0.0197 (11) | 0.0239 (11) | −0.0005 (8) | −0.0021 (8) | −0.0006 (8) |
C11 | 0.0449 (14) | 0.0216 (11) | 0.0254 (11) | 0.0011 (10) | −0.0049 (10) | −0.0080 (9) |
C12 | 0.0371 (13) | 0.0327 (13) | 0.0250 (11) | 0.0040 (10) | 0.0001 (9) | −0.0102 (10) |
C13 | 0.0272 (11) | 0.0340 (13) | 0.0203 (10) | 0.0016 (9) | −0.0002 (8) | −0.0033 (9) |
C14 | 0.0196 (10) | 0.0265 (11) | 0.0212 (10) | 0.0008 (8) | −0.0019 (8) | −0.0026 (9) |
C15 | 0.0211 (10) | 0.0285 (12) | 0.0191 (10) | 0.0005 (8) | −0.0006 (8) | 0.0032 (8) |
C17 | 0.0671 (19) | 0.0267 (13) | 0.0397 (15) | 0.0126 (13) | −0.0079 (13) | −0.0097 (11) |
C18 | 0.0505 (16) | 0.0276 (12) | 0.0295 (12) | −0.0087 (11) | −0.0068 (11) | −0.0020 (10) |
C19 | 0.0356 (12) | 0.0187 (10) | 0.0196 (10) | −0.0026 (9) | −0.0012 (9) | 0.0013 (8) |
C20 | 0.0268 (11) | 0.0203 (10) | 0.0255 (11) | −0.0029 (9) | 0.0024 (8) | 0.0049 (8) |
C21 | 0.0334 (12) | 0.0270 (11) | 0.0225 (11) | −0.0013 (9) | 0.0052 (9) | 0.0015 (9) |
C22 | 0.0502 (16) | 0.0403 (14) | 0.0233 (12) | 0.0203 (12) | 0.0004 (11) | 0.0061 (10) |
C23 | 0.079 (2) | 0.0295 (14) | 0.0283 (13) | −0.0245 (14) | 0.0062 (13) | 0.0016 (10) |
C24 | 0.0226 (11) | 0.0215 (11) | 0.0339 (12) | 0.0000 (8) | −0.0002 (9) | 0.0055 (9) |
C25 | 0.0225 (11) | 0.0189 (11) | 0.0452 (14) | −0.0012 (8) | 0.0020 (10) | −0.0024 (10) |
C26 | 0.0276 (12) | 0.0253 (12) | 0.0323 (12) | 0.0001 (9) | −0.0001 (9) | −0.0085 (9) |
C27 | 0.0248 (11) | 0.0241 (11) | 0.0270 (11) | −0.0021 (9) | 0.0011 (9) | −0.0019 (9) |
O1—C2 | 1.368 (3) | C19—C20 | 1.522 (3) |
O1—C7 | 1.365 (2) | C19—C22 | 1.527 (3) |
O5—C4 | 1.253 (3) | C20—C21 | 1.321 (3) |
O10—C9 | 1.359 (3) | C24—C25 | 1.375 (3) |
O10—C11 | 1.473 (3) | C25—C26 | 1.392 (3) |
O16—C15 | 1.348 (3) | C26—C27 | 1.383 (3) |
O28—C27 | 1.359 (3) | C12—H12 | 0.9400 |
O16—H16 | 0.8300 | C13—H13 | 0.9300 |
O28—H28 | 0.8100 | C17—H171 | 0.9500 |
C2—C27 | 1.398 (3) | C17—H172 | 0.9600 |
C2—C3 | 1.389 (3) | C17—H173 | 0.9700 |
C3—C24 | 1.404 (3) | C18—H181 | 0.9700 |
C3—C4 | 1.462 (3) | C18—H182 | 0.9600 |
C4—C6 | 1.446 (3) | C18—H183 | 0.9500 |
C6—C7 | 1.413 (3) | C20—H20 | 0.9600 |
C6—C15 | 1.413 (3) | C21—H211 | 0.9400 |
C7—C8 | 1.399 (3) | C21—H212 | 0.9300 |
C8—C9 | 1.405 (3) | C22—H221 | 0.9700 |
C8—C19 | 1.553 (3) | C22—H222 | 0.9600 |
C9—C14 | 1.411 (3) | C22—H223 | 0.9700 |
C11—C17 | 1.514 (4) | C23—H231 | 0.9600 |
C11—C18 | 1.527 (4) | C23—H232 | 0.9600 |
C11—C12 | 1.504 (3) | C23—H233 | 0.9600 |
C12—C13 | 1.322 (3) | C24—H24 | 0.9300 |
C13—C14 | 1.457 (3) | C25—H25 | 0.9600 |
C14—C15 | 1.385 (3) | C26—H26 | 0.9300 |
C19—C23 | 1.554 (4) | ||
C2—O1—C7 | 121.12 (16) | C3—C24—C25 | 119.8 (2) |
C9—O10—C11 | 119.21 (17) | C24—C25—C26 | 120.8 (2) |
C15—O16—H16 | 104.00 | C25—C26—C27 | 120.4 (2) |
C27—O28—H28 | 109.00 | C2—C27—C26 | 118.6 (2) |
O1—C2—C27 | 115.10 (18) | O28—C27—C2 | 121.51 (19) |
O1—C2—C3 | 123.42 (18) | O28—C27—C26 | 119.9 (2) |
C3—C2—C27 | 121.48 (19) | C11—C12—H12 | 118.00 |
C4—C3—C24 | 122.92 (19) | C13—C12—H12 | 121.00 |
C2—C3—C24 | 118.83 (19) | C12—C13—H13 | 120.00 |
C2—C3—C4 | 118.25 (19) | C14—C13—H13 | 120.00 |
O5—C4—C3 | 121.2 (2) | C11—C17—H171 | 111.00 |
O5—C4—C6 | 122.38 (19) | C11—C17—H172 | 110.00 |
C3—C4—C6 | 116.38 (18) | C11—C17—H173 | 110.00 |
C4—C6—C7 | 121.59 (19) | H171—C17—H172 | 109.00 |
C7—C6—C15 | 117.78 (19) | H171—C17—H173 | 108.00 |
C4—C6—C15 | 120.60 (19) | H172—C17—H173 | 108.00 |
O1—C7—C8 | 116.46 (17) | C11—C18—H181 | 109.00 |
O1—C7—C6 | 119.23 (18) | C11—C18—H182 | 109.00 |
C6—C7—C8 | 124.32 (19) | C11—C18—H183 | 109.00 |
C7—C8—C19 | 123.08 (18) | H181—C18—H182 | 110.00 |
C7—C8—C9 | 114.40 (18) | H181—C18—H183 | 109.00 |
C9—C8—C19 | 122.35 (18) | H182—C18—H183 | 110.00 |
C8—C9—C14 | 123.77 (19) | C19—C20—H20 | 116.00 |
O10—C9—C8 | 117.82 (18) | C21—C20—H20 | 118.00 |
O10—C9—C14 | 118.20 (18) | C20—C21—H211 | 121.00 |
O10—C11—C17 | 104.15 (19) | C20—C21—H212 | 120.00 |
O10—C11—C12 | 109.73 (19) | H211—C21—H212 | 119.00 |
C12—C11—C18 | 110.8 (2) | C19—C22—H221 | 111.00 |
O10—C11—C18 | 107.74 (18) | C19—C22—H222 | 109.00 |
C12—C11—C17 | 112.4 (2) | C19—C22—H223 | 111.00 |
C17—C11—C18 | 111.7 (2) | H221—C22—H222 | 109.00 |
C11—C12—C13 | 120.5 (2) | H221—C22—H223 | 109.00 |
C12—C13—C14 | 120.5 (2) | H222—C22—H223 | 107.00 |
C9—C14—C13 | 118.7 (2) | C19—C23—H231 | 109.00 |
C9—C14—C15 | 119.00 (19) | C19—C23—H232 | 108.00 |
C13—C14—C15 | 122.1 (2) | C19—C23—H233 | 112.00 |
O16—C15—C6 | 120.75 (19) | H231—C23—H232 | 110.00 |
C6—C15—C14 | 120.28 (19) | H231—C23—H233 | 109.00 |
O16—C15—C14 | 118.92 (19) | H232—C23—H233 | 109.00 |
C8—C19—C22 | 109.03 (17) | C3—C24—H24 | 120.00 |
C8—C19—C23 | 111.18 (18) | C25—C24—H24 | 120.00 |
C20—C19—C23 | 101.88 (18) | C24—C25—H25 | 121.00 |
C22—C19—C23 | 110.3 (2) | C26—C25—H25 | 119.00 |
C20—C19—C22 | 111.78 (17) | C25—C26—H26 | 121.00 |
C8—C19—C20 | 112.58 (17) | C27—C26—H26 | 119.00 |
C19—C20—C21 | 126.0 (2) | ||
C7—O1—C2—C3 | −0.1 (3) | O1—C7—C8—C9 | −172.41 (17) |
C7—O1—C2—C27 | 179.82 (17) | O1—C7—C8—C19 | 3.0 (3) |
C2—O1—C7—C6 | 0.6 (3) | C6—C7—C8—C9 | 7.4 (3) |
C2—O1—C7—C8 | −179.54 (17) | C6—C7—C8—C19 | −177.21 (19) |
C11—O10—C9—C8 | 154.62 (19) | C7—C8—C9—O10 | 168.09 (17) |
C11—O10—C9—C14 | −30.5 (3) | C7—C8—C9—C14 | −6.5 (3) |
C9—O10—C11—C12 | 42.9 (3) | C19—C8—C9—O10 | −7.3 (3) |
C9—O10—C11—C17 | 163.42 (19) | C19—C8—C9—C14 | 178.13 (19) |
C9—O10—C11—C18 | −77.9 (2) | C7—C8—C19—C20 | 27.6 (3) |
O1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.2 (3) | C7—C8—C19—C22 | −97.0 (2) |
O1—C2—C3—C24 | −179.41 (18) | C7—C8—C19—C23 | 141.2 (2) |
C27—C2—C3—C4 | −179.74 (19) | C9—C8—C19—C20 | −157.36 (19) |
C27—C2—C3—C24 | 0.6 (3) | C9—C8—C19—C22 | 78.0 (2) |
O1—C2—C27—O28 | 0.4 (3) | C9—C8—C19—C23 | −43.8 (3) |
O1—C2—C27—C26 | 179.23 (18) | O10—C9—C14—C13 | 1.2 (3) |
C3—C2—C27—O28 | −179.6 (2) | O10—C9—C14—C15 | −173.23 (18) |
C3—C2—C27—C26 | −0.8 (3) | C8—C9—C14—C13 | 175.72 (19) |
C2—C3—C4—O5 | 179.4 (2) | C8—C9—C14—C15 | 1.3 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C6 | −0.8 (3) | O10—C11—C12—C13 | −28.3 (3) |
C24—C3—C4—O5 | −1.0 (3) | C17—C11—C12—C13 | −143.7 (2) |
C24—C3—C4—C6 | 178.85 (19) | C18—C11—C12—C13 | 90.6 (3) |
C2—C3—C24—C25 | −0.5 (3) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | 2.4 (4) |
C4—C3—C24—C25 | 179.91 (19) | C12—C13—C14—C9 | 13.0 (3) |
O5—C4—C6—C7 | −178.9 (2) | C12—C13—C14—C15 | −172.8 (2) |
O5—C4—C6—C15 | 3.3 (3) | C9—C14—C15—O16 | −178.96 (19) |
C3—C4—C6—C7 | 1.3 (3) | C9—C14—C15—C6 | 3.5 (3) |
C3—C4—C6—C15 | −176.56 (18) | C13—C14—C15—O16 | 6.8 (3) |
C4—C6—C7—O1 | −1.2 (3) | C13—C14—C15—C6 | −170.74 (19) |
C4—C6—C7—C8 | 178.96 (19) | C8—C19—C20—C21 | −136.6 (2) |
C15—C6—C7—O1 | 176.65 (18) | C22—C19—C20—C21 | −13.5 (3) |
C15—C6—C7—C8 | −3.2 (3) | C23—C19—C20—C21 | 104.3 (3) |
C4—C6—C15—O16 | −2.2 (3) | C3—C24—C25—C26 | 0.5 (3) |
C4—C6—C15—C14 | 175.28 (19) | C24—C25—C26—C27 | −0.7 (3) |
C7—C6—C15—O16 | 179.87 (19) | C25—C26—C27—O28 | 179.67 (19) |
C7—C6—C15—C14 | −2.6 (3) | C25—C26—C27—C2 | 0.8 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O16—H16···O5 | 0.83 | 1.79 | 2.570 (2) | 155 |
O28—H28···O1 | 0.81 | 2.25 | 2.690 (2) | 115 |
C12—H12···O5i | 0.94 | 2.51 | 3.441 (3) | 168 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C23H22O5 |
Mr | 378.42 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 150 |
a, b, c (Å) | 6.7013 (3), 15.8951 (7), 17.3891 (7) |
β (°) | 93.181 (4) |
V (Å3) | 1849.39 (14) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Cu Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.78 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.34 × 0.15 × 0.07 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Oxford Diffraction Gemini |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrysAlis PRO; Oxford Diffraction, 2006) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.890, 0.947 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 10133, 3503, 3048 |
Rint | 0.023 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.613 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.056, 0.170, 1.00 |
No. of reflections | 3488 |
No. of parameters | 254 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.34, −0.34 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006), CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006), SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994), CRYSTALS (Betteridge et al., 2003), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O16—H16···O5 | 0.83 | 1.79 | 2.570 (2) | 155 |
O28—H28···O1 | 0.81 | 2.25 | 2.690 (2) | 115 |
C12—H12···O5i | 0.94 | 2.51 | 3.441 (3) | 168 |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) for a grant from the e-science fund.
References
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited.
Calophyllum species are native to tropical areas, mainly in Asia, Australia, Africa and Polynesia. This genus is well known for various bioactivities due to the existence of a variety of secondary metabolites such as xanthones (Dharmaratne et al., 1999), coumarins (Ee et al., 2004) and flavanoids (Ito et al., 1999). Xanthones are known to have various biological activities such as, antifungal (Dharmaratne et al., 1999), anti-oxidant (Dharmaratne et al., 2009), anti-inflammatory (Zou et al., 2005) and anti-cancer (Ito et al., 2002). We present here the crystal structure of Caloxanthone C, isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri.
The molecular structure of the title compound is illustrated in Fig. 1. The bond distances are in the normal range (Allen et al., 1987) and together with the bond angles are comparable to those reported for other pyranoxanthone structures (Ee et al. 2010; Fun et al. 2006; Doriguetto et al. 2001), and other closely related structures (Boonnak et al., 2007; Ndjakou et al. 2007).
The title molecule has a xanthone skeleton, which is essentially planar [maximum deviation 0.093 (2) Å for atom C14] with two intramolecular O-H···O hydrogen bonds (Fig. 1 & Table 1). Rings A (C2,C3,C24-C27), B (O1,C2-C4,C6,C7) and C (C6-C9,C14,C15) are practically coplanar, including atoms O28, O5, and O16, that are linked to them; the latter deviate from the individual mean planes by 0.009 (2) Å, 0.016 (2) Å, and 0.056 (2) Å, for O28 from ring A, O5 from ring B and O16 from ring C, respectively. Rings A and B nearly lie in the same plane, as they form a dihedral angle of only 0.46 (9)°, while rings B and C are inclined to one another by 4.25 (9)°. The mean planes of rings A and C, which intersect on a line approximately through the middle of ring B, are inclined to one another by 4.62 (10)°. The same dihedral angle is 7.78 (9) ° in the trihydroxy derivative of the title compound, reported on by (Fun et al., 2006), and 7.75 (7) ° for a similar pyranoxanthone structure (12-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-3,3,9,9-tetramethylfuro[3,4-b]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthene-7,11(3H,9H)-dione ) reported on by (Ee et al., 2010).
The mean torsional angle of ring D (C9,O10,C11-C14) is 21.08 (13)° and it adopts a conformation half way between an envelope and a half boat. This conformation is probably caused by the constraint of the C12═C13 double bond which results in considerable pucking of ring D, happening at C11. This conformation is similar to that observed in other pyranoxanthone structures, such as 12-Acetyl-6-hydroxy-3,3,9,9-tetramethylfuro[3,4-b]pyrano[3,2-h]xanthene-7,11(3H,9H)-dione (Ee et al., 2010) and 12-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-propenyl)-5,9,10-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-pyrano[3,2-b]xanthen-6-one (Fun et al., 2006).
The orientation of the 2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl (C19—C23) side chain with respect to the benzene ring C is indicated by the torsion angle of C7—C8—C19—C20 = 27.6 (3)° [compared to 28.8 (3) ° in (Fun et al., 2006)], indicating a synperiplanar conformation.
In the crystal, there is an intermolecular C—H···O hydrogen bond (Table 1, Fig. 2) the leads to the fomation of a zigzag chain propagating in [010].