metal-organic compounds
4,5-Dihydro-3a,5a-diazoniapyrene triiodidocuprate(I)
aDepartment of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, cDepartment of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and bChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence e-mail: edward.tiekink@gmail.com
In the dianion of the title salt, (C14H12N2)[CuI3], the CuI atom is coordinated by three I− ions that define a nearly trigonal-planar geometry; the CuI atom lies 0.1407 (6) Å out of the plane. With the exception of the methylene C atoms, the dication is essentially planar (r.m.s deviation = 0.067 Å). The most significant interaction between the ions is a C—H⋯I contact.
Related literature
For studies of the triiodidocuprate(I) di-anion, see: Mishra et al. (2008); Su et al. (2003). For background to the phenanthrolinium di-cation as a template for the construction of thiocyanatocuprate(I) polymers, see: Yue et al. (2010). For information on the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811050136/bt5714sup1.cif
contains datablocks global, I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811050136/bt5714Isup2.hkl
5,6-Dihydrodipyrazino(1,2,3,4-lmn)-1,10-phenanthrolinium dibromide was synthesized by reacting 1,2-dibromoethane with 1,10-phenanthroline monohydrate. A methanol solution (10 ml) of the salt (0.37 g, 1 mmol) was mixed with a water/DMF (1:4) solution (10 ml) of cuprous iodide (0.19 g, 1 mmol). An excess of potassium iodide (0.83 g, 5 mmol) was added. The solution was filtered and the solvent allow to evaporate slowly to furnish dark-brown crystals of the cuprate salt.
H-atoms were placed in calculated positions (C—H 0.95 to 0.99 Å) and were included in the
in the riding model approximation with Uiso(H) set to 1.2Ueq(C). The anisotropic displacement ellipsoid of one of the phenanthroline C-atoms (C12) was tightly restrained to be nearly isotropic.Organic-inorganic hybrid compounds containing the triiodidocuprate(I) anion have been the subject of recent investigations (Mishra et al., 2008; Su et al., 2003). While the phenanthrolinium di-cation has proved to be a suitable template for the construction of a thiocyanatocuprate(I) polymer (Yue et al., 2010), crystal structures containing the phenanthrolinium template are relatively scarce (Allen, 2002). In this communication the
of a new triiodidocuprate(I) complex containing the 5,6-dihydrodipyrazino(1,2,3,4-lmn)-1,10-phenanthrolinium dication, i.e. (I), is described.The crystallographic
of (I), comprises a di-cation and a di-anion, Fig. 1. The 14 non-hydrogen atom comprising the aromatic part of the di-cation are effectively planar with a r.m.s. deviation = 0.067 Å; the maximum deviations of 0.090 (5) and -0.117 (4) Å are found for the C10 and N1 atoms, respectively. The C13 and C14 atoms lie 0.267 (5) and -0.480 (5) Å out of this plane, respectively. In the di-anion, the Cu—I distances lie in a relatively narrow range (Table 1) and the Cu atom lies 0.1407 (6) Å above the trigonal plane defined by the iodido atoms.In the
the ions are almost parallel (dihedral angle between the 1,10-phenanthrolinium and CuI3 planes = 1.45 (4) °) with the closest interaction between them being a C—H···I contact, Table 2. The I3 atom lies over the (C4–C7,C11,C12) ring, with the I3···ring centroid distance = 3.5842 (19) Å and the Cu—I3···ring centroid angle = 101.22 (3)°.For studies of the triiodidocuprate(I) di-anion, see: Mishra et al. (2008); Su et al. (2003). For background to the phenanthrolinium di-cation as a template for the construction of thiocyanatocuprate(I) polymers, see: Yue et al. (2010). For information on the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Allen (2002).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: X-SEED (Barbour, 2001) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).Fig. 1. Displacement ellipsoid plot (Barbour, 2001) of (I) drawn at the 70% probability level; hydrogen atoms are drawn as spheres of arbitrary radius. |
(C14H12N2)[CuI3] | F(000) = 1192 |
Mr = 652.50 | Dx = 2.678 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 4486 reflections |
a = 7.6018 (6) Å | θ = 2.9–28.1° |
b = 15.0917 (12) Å | µ = 7.06 mm−1 |
c = 14.2776 (12) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 98.903 (1)° | Plate, brown |
V = 1618.2 (2) Å3 | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.02 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART APEX diffractometer | 3701 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3065 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.055 |
ω scans | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −9→9 |
Tmin = 0.332, Tmax = 0.872 | k = −19→19 |
14984 measured reflections | l = −18→18 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.065 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.015P)2 + 1.1596P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
3701 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
181 parameters | Δρmax = 0.73 e Å−3 |
6 restraints | Δρmin = −0.82 e Å−3 |
(C14H12N2)[CuI3] | V = 1618.2 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 652.50 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 7.6018 (6) Å | µ = 7.06 mm−1 |
b = 15.0917 (12) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 14.2776 (12) Å | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.02 mm |
β = 98.903 (1)° |
Bruker SMART APEX diffractometer | 3701 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 3065 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.332, Tmax = 0.872 | Rint = 0.055 |
14984 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | 6 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.065 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.05 | Δρmax = 0.73 e Å−3 |
3701 reflections | Δρmin = −0.82 e Å−3 |
181 parameters |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
I1 | 0.66182 (4) | 0.44391 (2) | 0.12230 (2) | 0.01428 (8) | |
I2 | 0.67359 (4) | 0.43433 (2) | 0.42229 (2) | 0.01632 (9) | |
I3 | 0.49833 (4) | 0.19901 (2) | 0.24528 (2) | 0.01604 (9) | |
Cu | 0.62612 (8) | 0.35182 (4) | 0.26653 (4) | 0.01510 (14) | |
N1 | 0.1049 (5) | 0.3718 (3) | 0.3535 (3) | 0.0130 (8) | |
N2 | 0.1521 (5) | 0.4112 (3) | 0.1658 (3) | 0.0119 (8) | |
C1 | 0.0995 (6) | 0.3503 (3) | 0.4439 (3) | 0.0160 (10) | |
H1 | 0.1218 | 0.3950 | 0.4911 | 0.019* | |
C2 | 0.0627 (6) | 0.2657 (3) | 0.4704 (3) | 0.0169 (10) | |
H2 | 0.0668 | 0.2510 | 0.5354 | 0.020* | |
C3 | 0.0196 (6) | 0.2024 (3) | 0.4013 (3) | 0.0165 (10) | |
H3 | −0.0120 | 0.1443 | 0.4182 | 0.020* | |
C4 | 0.0223 (6) | 0.2236 (3) | 0.3056 (3) | 0.0126 (9) | |
C5 | −0.0244 (6) | 0.1603 (3) | 0.2316 (3) | 0.0133 (10) | |
H5 | −0.0615 | 0.1025 | 0.2464 | 0.016* | |
C6 | −0.0163 (6) | 0.1820 (3) | 0.1401 (3) | 0.0140 (10) | |
H6 | −0.0494 | 0.1394 | 0.0916 | 0.017* | |
C7 | 0.0411 (6) | 0.2679 (3) | 0.1155 (3) | 0.0110 (9) | |
C8 | 0.0559 (6) | 0.2916 (3) | 0.0224 (3) | 0.0154 (10) | |
H8 | 0.0228 | 0.2505 | −0.0277 | 0.019* | |
C9 | 0.1181 (6) | 0.3739 (3) | 0.0029 (3) | 0.0145 (10) | |
H9 | 0.1255 | 0.3906 | −0.0605 | 0.017* | |
C10 | 0.1702 (6) | 0.4327 (3) | 0.0771 (3) | 0.0148 (10) | |
H10 | 0.2190 | 0.4886 | 0.0645 | 0.018* | |
C11 | 0.0871 (6) | 0.3306 (3) | 0.1873 (3) | 0.0109 (9) | |
C12 | 0.0725 (6) | 0.3089 (3) | 0.2834 (3) | 0.0096 (9) | |
C13 | 0.2245 (6) | 0.4716 (3) | 0.2442 (3) | 0.0126 (10) | |
H13A | 0.2214 | 0.5333 | 0.2206 | 0.015* | |
H13B | 0.3500 | 0.4559 | 0.2678 | 0.015* | |
C14 | 0.1165 (6) | 0.4646 (3) | 0.3240 (3) | 0.0140 (10) | |
H14A | 0.1729 | 0.5006 | 0.3785 | 0.017* | |
H14B | −0.0047 | 0.4882 | 0.3029 | 0.017* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
I1 | 0.01585 (16) | 0.01624 (17) | 0.01116 (15) | 0.00100 (12) | 0.00336 (12) | 0.00077 (12) |
I2 | 0.01971 (17) | 0.01736 (17) | 0.01211 (15) | 0.00023 (13) | 0.00313 (12) | −0.00156 (12) |
I3 | 0.01528 (16) | 0.01722 (17) | 0.01553 (16) | −0.00182 (12) | 0.00215 (12) | 0.00031 (12) |
Cu | 0.0145 (3) | 0.0173 (3) | 0.0134 (3) | 0.0010 (2) | 0.0021 (2) | −0.0004 (2) |
N1 | 0.0086 (19) | 0.019 (2) | 0.0107 (19) | 0.0034 (16) | −0.0015 (15) | 0.0011 (16) |
N2 | 0.011 (2) | 0.014 (2) | 0.0104 (19) | −0.0011 (15) | 0.0006 (16) | −0.0021 (15) |
C1 | 0.016 (3) | 0.019 (3) | 0.013 (2) | 0.004 (2) | 0.0004 (19) | 0.0003 (19) |
C2 | 0.019 (3) | 0.022 (3) | 0.009 (2) | 0.005 (2) | 0.002 (2) | 0.004 (2) |
C3 | 0.015 (2) | 0.017 (3) | 0.018 (2) | 0.002 (2) | 0.004 (2) | 0.002 (2) |
C4 | 0.010 (2) | 0.015 (2) | 0.013 (2) | 0.0014 (18) | 0.0027 (18) | 0.0013 (18) |
C5 | 0.007 (2) | 0.015 (2) | 0.018 (2) | 0.0005 (18) | 0.0022 (18) | 0.0038 (19) |
C6 | 0.011 (2) | 0.014 (2) | 0.016 (2) | 0.0016 (18) | 0.0020 (19) | −0.0015 (19) |
C7 | 0.009 (2) | 0.013 (2) | 0.011 (2) | 0.0007 (18) | 0.0011 (17) | −0.0016 (18) |
C8 | 0.014 (2) | 0.017 (3) | 0.015 (2) | 0.0033 (19) | 0.0025 (19) | −0.0017 (19) |
C9 | 0.018 (3) | 0.018 (3) | 0.009 (2) | 0.000 (2) | 0.0046 (19) | 0.0003 (19) |
C10 | 0.012 (2) | 0.020 (3) | 0.012 (2) | 0.0003 (19) | 0.0013 (19) | 0.004 (2) |
C11 | 0.008 (2) | 0.013 (2) | 0.012 (2) | 0.0025 (17) | 0.0009 (17) | 0.0034 (18) |
C12 | 0.0033 (19) | 0.013 (2) | 0.012 (2) | 0.0025 (16) | 0.0008 (16) | −0.0009 (17) |
C13 | 0.014 (2) | 0.011 (2) | 0.012 (2) | −0.0016 (18) | −0.0024 (18) | −0.0007 (18) |
C14 | 0.017 (3) | 0.010 (2) | 0.016 (2) | 0.0032 (19) | 0.006 (2) | −0.0020 (18) |
Cu—I1 | 2.5336 (7) | C5—C6 | 1.357 (6) |
Cu—I2 | 2.5254 (7) | C5—H5 | 0.9500 |
Cu—I3 | 2.5025 (7) | C6—C7 | 1.429 (6) |
N1—C1 | 1.337 (6) | C6—H6 | 0.9500 |
N1—C12 | 1.375 (6) | C7—C8 | 1.398 (6) |
N1—C14 | 1.470 (6) | C7—C11 | 1.399 (6) |
N2—C10 | 1.336 (6) | C8—C9 | 1.373 (7) |
N2—C11 | 1.366 (6) | C8—H8 | 0.9500 |
N2—C13 | 1.481 (6) | C9—C10 | 1.391 (6) |
C1—C2 | 1.374 (7) | C9—H9 | 0.9500 |
C1—H1 | 0.9500 | C10—H10 | 0.9500 |
C2—C3 | 1.376 (7) | C11—C12 | 1.431 (6) |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | C13—C14 | 1.507 (6) |
C3—C4 | 1.406 (6) | C13—H13A | 0.9900 |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C13—H13B | 0.9900 |
C4—C12 | 1.394 (6) | C14—H14A | 0.9900 |
C4—C5 | 1.428 (7) | C14—H14B | 0.9900 |
I3—Cu—I2 | 124.13 (3) | C11—C7—C6 | 118.9 (4) |
I3—Cu—I1 | 119.69 (2) | C9—C8—C7 | 120.3 (4) |
I2—Cu—I1 | 115.25 (3) | C9—C8—H8 | 119.9 |
C1—N1—C12 | 120.5 (4) | C7—C8—H8 | 119.9 |
C1—N1—C14 | 121.3 (4) | C8—C9—C10 | 119.3 (4) |
C12—N1—C14 | 117.5 (4) | C8—C9—H9 | 120.4 |
C10—N2—C11 | 121.5 (4) | C10—C9—H9 | 120.4 |
C10—N2—C13 | 119.1 (4) | N2—C10—C9 | 120.6 (4) |
C11—N2—C13 | 118.9 (4) | N2—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
N1—C1—C2 | 121.9 (5) | C9—C10—H10 | 119.7 |
N1—C1—H1 | 119.0 | N2—C11—C7 | 119.7 (4) |
C2—C1—H1 | 119.0 | N2—C11—C12 | 120.2 (4) |
C1—C2—C3 | 119.0 (4) | C7—C11—C12 | 120.0 (4) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.5 | N1—C12—C4 | 119.8 (4) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.5 | N1—C12—C11 | 120.6 (4) |
C2—C3—C4 | 120.0 (5) | C4—C12—C11 | 119.7 (4) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.0 | N2—C13—C14 | 110.3 (4) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.0 | N2—C13—H13A | 109.6 |
C12—C4—C3 | 118.5 (4) | C14—C13—H13A | 109.6 |
C12—C4—C5 | 119.6 (4) | N2—C13—H13B | 109.6 |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.8 (4) | C14—C13—H13B | 109.6 |
C6—C5—C4 | 120.5 (4) | H13A—C13—H13B | 108.1 |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.8 | N1—C14—C13 | 110.3 (4) |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.8 | N1—C14—H14A | 109.6 |
C5—C6—C7 | 121.2 (4) | C13—C14—H14A | 109.6 |
C5—C6—H6 | 119.4 | N1—C14—H14B | 109.6 |
C7—C6—H6 | 119.4 | C13—C14—H14B | 109.6 |
C8—C7—C11 | 118.5 (4) | H14A—C14—H14B | 108.1 |
C8—C7—C6 | 122.6 (4) | ||
C12—N1—C1—C2 | 0.3 (7) | C8—C7—C11—N2 | −2.8 (7) |
C14—N1—C1—C2 | 170.3 (4) | C6—C7—C11—N2 | 176.2 (4) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −4.0 (7) | C8—C7—C11—C12 | 179.6 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 3.1 (7) | C6—C7—C11—C12 | −1.4 (7) |
C2—C3—C4—C12 | 1.2 (7) | C1—N1—C12—C4 | 4.2 (6) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −178.9 (4) | C14—N1—C12—C4 | −166.2 (4) |
C12—C4—C5—C6 | 1.5 (7) | C1—N1—C12—C11 | −176.8 (4) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −178.4 (4) | C14—N1—C12—C11 | 12.8 (6) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | 0.8 (7) | C3—C4—C12—N1 | −4.8 (6) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | 178.1 (4) | C5—C4—C12—N1 | 175.2 (4) |
C5—C6—C7—C11 | −0.9 (7) | C3—C4—C12—C11 | 176.1 (4) |
C11—C7—C8—C9 | 1.5 (7) | C5—C4—C12—C11 | −3.8 (6) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | −177.6 (4) | N2—C11—C12—N1 | 7.2 (6) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 1.5 (7) | C7—C11—C12—N1 | −175.3 (4) |
C11—N2—C10—C9 | 1.8 (7) | N2—C11—C12—C4 | −173.9 (4) |
C13—N2—C10—C9 | 174.2 (4) | C7—C11—C12—C4 | 3.7 (6) |
C8—C9—C10—N2 | −3.2 (7) | C10—N2—C13—C14 | 150.5 (4) |
C10—N2—C11—C7 | 1.2 (7) | C11—N2—C13—C14 | −36.9 (6) |
C13—N2—C11—C7 | −171.2 (4) | C1—N1—C14—C13 | 146.4 (4) |
C10—N2—C11—C12 | 178.8 (4) | C12—N1—C14—C13 | −43.3 (5) |
C13—N2—C11—C12 | 6.4 (6) | N2—C13—C14—N1 | 53.7 (5) |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | (C14H12N2)[CuI3] |
Mr | 652.50 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.6018 (6), 15.0917 (12), 14.2776 (12) |
β (°) | 98.903 (1) |
V (Å3) | 1618.2 (2) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 7.06 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.20 × 0.20 × 0.02 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.332, 0.872 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 14984, 3701, 3065 |
Rint | 0.055 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.028, 0.065, 1.05 |
No. of reflections | 3701 |
No. of parameters | 181 |
No. of restraints | 6 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.73, −0.82 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009), SAINT (Bruker, 2009), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), X-SEED (Barbour, 2001) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation (grant No. 21171148) and the University of Malaya for supporting this study.
References
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Organic-inorganic hybrid compounds containing the triiodidocuprate(I) anion have been the subject of recent investigations (Mishra et al., 2008; Su et al., 2003). While the phenanthrolinium di-cation has proved to be a suitable template for the construction of a thiocyanatocuprate(I) polymer (Yue et al., 2010), crystal structures containing the phenanthrolinium template are relatively scarce (Allen, 2002). In this communication the crystal structure of a new triiodidocuprate(I) complex containing the 5,6-dihydrodipyrazino(1,2,3,4-lmn)-1,10-phenanthrolinium dication, i.e. (I), is described.
The crystallographic asymmetric unit of (I), comprises a di-cation and a di-anion, Fig. 1. The 14 non-hydrogen atom comprising the aromatic part of the di-cation are effectively planar with a r.m.s. deviation = 0.067 Å; the maximum deviations of 0.090 (5) and -0.117 (4) Å are found for the C10 and N1 atoms, respectively. The C13 and C14 atoms lie 0.267 (5) and -0.480 (5) Å out of this plane, respectively. In the di-anion, the Cu—I distances lie in a relatively narrow range (Table 1) and the Cu atom lies 0.1407 (6) Å above the trigonal plane defined by the iodido atoms.
In the crystal structure, the ions are almost parallel (dihedral angle between the 1,10-phenanthrolinium and CuI3 planes = 1.45 (4) °) with the closest interaction between them being a C—H···I contact, Table 2. The I3 atom lies over the (C4–C7,C11,C12) ring, with the I3···ring centroid distance = 3.5842 (19) Å and the Cu—I3···ring centroid angle = 101.22 (3)°.