organic compounds
A new polymorph of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid
aChemistry Department, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
*Correspondence e-mail: g.portalone@caspur.it
A new crystalline form of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, C9H10O4, crystallizing in a tetragonal has been identified during screening for co-crystals. The comprises a non-planar independent molecule with a synplanar conformation of the carboxy group. The sterically bulky o-methoxy substituents force the carboxy group to be twisted away from the plane of the benzene ring by 65.72 (15)°. The carboxy group is disordered over two sites about the C—C bond [as indicated by the almost equal C—O distances of 1.254 (3) and 1.250 (3) Å], the occupancies of the disordered carboxym H atoms being 0.53 (5) and 0.47 (5). In the known orthorhombic form reported by Swaminathan et al. [Acta Cryst. (1976), B32, 1897–1900], due to the antiplanar conformation adopted by the OH group, the molecular components are associated in the crystal in chains stabilized by linear O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. However, in the new tetragonal polymorph, molecules form dimeric units via pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the carboxy groups.
Related literature
For the orthorhombic polymorph of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, see: Swaminathan et al. (1976); Bryan & White (1982); Portalone (2009). For molecular packing modes of carboxylic acids, see: Leiserowitz (1976); Kanters et al. (1991); Moorthy et al. (2002). For analysis of benzene ring deformations induced by substitution, see: Schultz et al. (1993); Portalone et al. (1998); For computation of ring patterns formed by hydrogen bonds in crystal structures, see: Etter et al. (1990); Bernstein et al. (1995); Motherwell et al. (1999).
Experimental
Crystal data
|
Refinement
|
Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); cell CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); data reduction: CrysAlis RED; program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811049075/xu5390sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811049075/xu5390Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811049075/xu5390Isup3.cml
Polymorph (I) was formed during cocrystallization in a 1:1 molar ratio of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid (1 mmol, Sigma Aldrich at 99% purity) and phenylboronic acid (1 mmol, Sigma Aldrich at 97% purity). The two components were dissolved in water (10 ml) and gently heated under reflux for 3 h. After cooling the solution to an ambient temperature, only one crystal suitable for single-crystal X-ray diffraction was grown by slow evaporation of the solvent after two weeks. Unfortunately, any attempts to produce more crystals of polymorph (I) by repeating the crystallization conditions were unsuccessful. Crystallization of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid carried out under a wide range of different sets of conditions (different solvents, different molar ratio, different cosolute molecules) led systematically to the orthorhombic polymorph.
All H atoms were identified in difference Fourier maps, but for
all C-bound H atoms were placed in calculated positions, with C—H = 0.97 Å (phenyl) and 0.97–0.98 Å (methyl), and refined as riding on their carrier atoms. The Uiso values were kept equal to 1.2Ueq(C, phenyl). and to 1.5Ueq(C, methyl). The remaining two half H atoms of the carboxy group were freely refined and their occupancy factors constrained to sum to unity. In the absence of significant in this light-atom study, Friedel pairs were merged.In this paper it is reported the
of a new polymorph, (I), of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, produced unexpectedly during an attempt to synthesize cocrystals of boronic acid with of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. The known form, (II) (Fig. 3), of of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid is orthorhombic in the P212121 and crystallizes with one molecule in the (Swaminathan et al., 1976; Bryan & White, 1982; Portalone, 2009). In (II), due to the antiplanar conformation adopted by the OH group, the molecular components are associated in the crystal in chains stabilized by linear O—H···O hydrogen bonds.The title new polymorph (I) is tetragonal in the
P41212. The of (I) comprises a non-planar independent molecule, as the o-methoxy substituents force the carboxy group to be twisted away from the plane of the phenyl ring by 65.72 (15)° (Fig. 1). The carboxy group, which adopts a synplanar conformation, is almost completely disordered, as indicated by the equal C—O distances, 1.254 (3) and 1.250 (3) Å, the C—C—O angles, 118.9 (2) and 117.8 (2)°, and by the presence of disordered H atoms with occupancy factors of 0.53 (5) and 0.47 (5) in the O···O intermolecular hydrogen bond. The pattern of bond lengths and bond angles of the phenyl ring is consistent with that reported in the of (II), and a comparison of the present results with those obtained for similar benzene derivatives in the gas phase (Schultz et al., 1993; Portalone et al., 1998) shows no appreciable effects of the crystal environment on the ring deformation induced by substituents. Analysis of the crystal packing of (I), (Fig. 2), shows that the molecular components form the conventional dimeric units observed in benzoic acids (Leiserowitz, 1976; Kanters et al., 1991; Moorthy et al., 2002). Indeed, the structure is stabilized by usual intermolecular C22(8) O—H···O interactions (Etter et al., 1990; Bernstein et al., 1995; Motherwell et al., 1999) (Table 1) which link the molecules into dimers through the disordered carboxy moieties [symmetry code: (i) -y + 1, -x + 1, -z + 3/2].For the orthorhombic polymorph of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, see: Swaminathan et al. (1976); Bryan & White (1982); Portalone (2009). For molecular packing modes of
see: Leiserowitz (1976); Kanters et al. (1991); Moorthy et al. (2002). For analysis of benzene ring deformations induced by substitution, see: Schultz et al. (1993); Portalone et al. (1998); For computation of ring patterns formed by hydrogen bonds in crystal structures, see: Etter et al. (1990); Bernstein et al. (1995); Motherwell et al. (1999).Data collection: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); cell
CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); data reduction: CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).C9H10O4 | Dx = 1.319 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 182.17 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71069 Å |
Tetragonal, P41212 | Cell parameters from 4278 reflections |
Hall symbol: P 4abw 2nw | θ = 2.9–32.3° |
a = 8.1423 (3) Å | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
c = 27.6814 (18) Å | T = 298 K |
V = 1835.20 (15) Å3 | Tablets, colourless |
Z = 8 | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
F(000) = 768 |
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur S CCD diffractometer | 1653 independent reflections |
Radiation source: Enhance (Mo) X-ray source | 1332 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.042 |
Detector resolution: 16.0696 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 30.0°, θmin = 2.9° |
ω and φ scans | h = −11→10 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2006). | k = −8→11 |
Tmin = 0.878, Tmax = 0.999 | l = −38→38 |
11616 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.062 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.147 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0659P)2 + 0.2634P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.19 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
1653 reflections | Δρmax = 0.18 e Å−3 |
133 parameters | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.017 (3) |
C9H10O4 | Z = 8 |
Mr = 182.17 | Mo Kα radiation |
Tetragonal, P41212 | µ = 0.11 mm−1 |
a = 8.1423 (3) Å | T = 298 K |
c = 27.6814 (18) Å | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.21 mm |
V = 1835.20 (15) Å3 |
Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur S CCD diffractometer | 1653 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2006). | 1332 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.878, Tmax = 0.999 | Rint = 0.042 |
11616 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.062 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.147 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.19 | Δρmax = 0.18 e Å−3 |
1653 reflections | Δρmin = −0.17 e Å−3 |
133 parameters |
Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
O1 | 0.7090 (3) | 0.1661 (3) | 0.71019 (8) | 0.0558 (6) | |
H1 | 0.733 (5) | 0.209 (5) | 0.7340 (15) | 0.023 (14)* | 0.53 (5) |
O2 | 0.5271 (3) | 0.3665 (2) | 0.70822 (7) | 0.0508 (6) | |
H2 | 0.566 (7) | 0.393 (7) | 0.7333 (17) | 0.031 (18)* | 0.47 (5) |
O3 | 0.7742 (3) | 0.2435 (3) | 0.60828 (6) | 0.0652 (7) | |
O4 | 0.2838 (3) | 0.1176 (3) | 0.68526 (7) | 0.0618 (6) | |
C1 | 0.5250 (3) | 0.1775 (3) | 0.64409 (7) | 0.0362 (6) | |
C2 | 0.6221 (4) | 0.1801 (3) | 0.60276 (8) | 0.0456 (7) | |
C3 | 0.5579 (5) | 0.1225 (4) | 0.55922 (9) | 0.0644 (9) | |
H3 | 0.6230 | 0.1245 | 0.5299 | 0.077* | |
C4 | 0.3993 (6) | 0.0628 (5) | 0.55889 (11) | 0.0749 (11) | |
H4 | 0.3547 | 0.0220 | 0.5287 | 0.090* | |
C5 | 0.3025 (5) | 0.0583 (4) | 0.59895 (12) | 0.0653 (9) | |
H5 | 0.1917 | 0.0147 | 0.5972 | 0.078* | |
C6 | 0.3652 (4) | 0.1176 (3) | 0.64256 (9) | 0.0447 (7) | |
C7 | 0.5920 (3) | 0.2410 (3) | 0.69057 (7) | 0.0329 (5) | |
C8 | 0.8729 (5) | 0.2678 (4) | 0.56701 (12) | 0.0722 (11) | |
H8A | 0.889 (3) | 0.164 (2) | 0.5507 (7) | 0.108* | |
H8B | 0.978 (3) | 0.312 (3) | 0.5767 (3) | 0.108* | |
H8C | 0.819 (2) | 0.344 (3) | 0.5453 (7) | 0.108* | |
C9 | 0.1147 (5) | 0.0710 (6) | 0.68556 (15) | 0.0917 (14) | |
H9A | 0.0518 (15) | 0.147 (3) | 0.6655 (11) | 0.138* | |
H9B | 0.0730 (16) | 0.074 (4) | 0.7186 (7) | 0.138* | |
H9C | 0.1036 (7) | −0.040 (3) | 0.6728 (11) | 0.138* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0679 (14) | 0.0562 (13) | 0.0432 (9) | 0.0162 (11) | −0.0267 (10) | −0.0181 (9) |
O2 | 0.0616 (13) | 0.0497 (12) | 0.0412 (9) | 0.0118 (10) | −0.0217 (10) | −0.0159 (9) |
O3 | 0.0665 (15) | 0.0862 (17) | 0.0428 (10) | −0.0139 (13) | 0.0104 (10) | −0.0077 (11) |
O4 | 0.0504 (13) | 0.0836 (16) | 0.0513 (10) | −0.0242 (12) | −0.0085 (10) | 0.0041 (11) |
C1 | 0.0506 (15) | 0.0330 (12) | 0.0251 (9) | −0.0008 (11) | −0.0133 (10) | −0.0031 (9) |
C2 | 0.0618 (18) | 0.0448 (15) | 0.0302 (10) | 0.0038 (14) | −0.0069 (12) | −0.0045 (11) |
C3 | 0.094 (3) | 0.069 (2) | 0.0306 (12) | 0.014 (2) | −0.0103 (15) | −0.0175 (14) |
C4 | 0.095 (3) | 0.083 (2) | 0.0461 (16) | 0.007 (2) | −0.0347 (18) | −0.0298 (17) |
C5 | 0.068 (2) | 0.064 (2) | 0.0636 (17) | −0.0076 (16) | −0.0356 (17) | −0.0177 (17) |
C6 | 0.0530 (17) | 0.0412 (14) | 0.0400 (12) | −0.0028 (13) | −0.0173 (12) | −0.0035 (11) |
C7 | 0.0373 (13) | 0.0370 (13) | 0.0242 (8) | −0.0047 (10) | −0.0050 (9) | −0.0023 (9) |
C8 | 0.095 (3) | 0.057 (2) | 0.0641 (18) | −0.0006 (19) | 0.0319 (19) | −0.0022 (17) |
C9 | 0.063 (3) | 0.123 (4) | 0.089 (3) | −0.034 (2) | −0.007 (2) | 0.003 (3) |
O1—C7 | 1.254 (3) | C3—C4 | 1.380 (6) |
O1—H1 | 0.77 (4) | C3—H3 | 0.9700 |
O2—C7 | 1.250 (3) | C4—C5 | 1.361 (5) |
O2—H2 | 0.79 (5) | C4—H4 | 0.9700 |
O3—C2 | 1.350 (4) | C5—C6 | 1.397 (4) |
O3—C8 | 1.411 (4) | C5—H5 | 0.9700 |
O4—C6 | 1.355 (4) | C8—H8A | 0.9684 |
O4—C9 | 1.428 (5) | C8—H8B | 0.9684 |
C1—C2 | 1.391 (4) | C8—H8C | 0.9684 |
C1—C6 | 1.391 (4) | C9—H9A | 0.9766 |
C1—C7 | 1.490 (3) | C9—H9B | 0.9766 |
C2—C3 | 1.395 (4) | C9—H9C | 0.9766 |
C7—O1—H1 | 110 (3) | O4—C6—C1 | 115.5 (2) |
C7—O2—H2 | 113 (4) | O4—C6—C5 | 125.1 (3) |
C2—O3—C8 | 119.0 (2) | C1—C6—C5 | 119.3 (3) |
C6—O4—C9 | 118.5 (3) | O2—C7—O1 | 123.3 (2) |
C2—C1—C6 | 120.8 (2) | O2—C7—C1 | 117.8 (2) |
C2—C1—C7 | 119.8 (2) | O1—C7—C1 | 118.9 (2) |
C6—C1—C7 | 119.4 (2) | O3—C8—H8A | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C1 | 115.7 (2) | O3—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
O3—C2—C3 | 124.8 (3) | H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 |
C1—C2—C3 | 119.5 (3) | O3—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
C4—C3—C2 | 118.4 (3) | H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.8 | H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.8 | O4—C9—H9A | 109.5 |
C5—C4—C3 | 123.1 (3) | O4—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C5—C4—H4 | 118.5 | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C3—C4—H4 | 118.5 | O4—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C4—C5—C6 | 118.9 (3) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.6 | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.6 | ||
C8—O3—C2—C1 | −172.8 (3) | C9—O4—C6—C5 | −7.4 (5) |
C8—O3—C2—C3 | 5.7 (5) | C2—C1—C6—O4 | 178.5 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—O3 | 178.9 (2) | C7—C1—C6—O4 | −2.0 (4) |
C7—C1—C2—O3 | −0.6 (4) | C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.4 (4) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.3 (4) | C7—C1—C6—C5 | 179.9 (3) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | −179.2 (3) | C4—C5—C6—O4 | −178.6 (3) |
O3—C2—C3—C4 | −179.2 (3) | C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.8 (5) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −0.8 (5) | C2—C1—C7—O2 | 114.4 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.4 (6) | C6—C1—C7—O2 | −65.0 (3) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.3 (6) | C2—C1—C7—O1 | −66.0 (3) |
C9—O4—C6—C1 | 174.7 (3) | C6—C1—C7—O1 | 114.5 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···O1i | 0.77 (4) | 1.87 (4) | 2.632 (4) | 168 (5) |
O2—H2···O2i | 0.79 (5) | 1.83 (5) | 2.618 (4) | 173 (5) |
Symmetry code: (i) −y+1, −x+1, −z+3/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C9H10O4 |
Mr | 182.17 |
Crystal system, space group | Tetragonal, P41212 |
Temperature (K) | 298 |
a, c (Å) | 8.1423 (3), 27.6814 (18) |
V (Å3) | 1835.20 (15) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.11 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.30 × 0.25 × 0.21 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Oxford Diffraction Xcalibur S CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrysAlis RED; Oxford Diffraction, 2006). |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.878, 0.999 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 11616, 1653, 1332 |
Rint | 0.042 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.704 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.062, 0.147, 1.19 |
No. of reflections | 1653 |
No. of parameters | 133 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.18, −0.17 |
Computer programs: CrysAlis CCD (Oxford Diffraction, 2006), CrysAlis RED (Oxford Diffraction, 2006), SIR97 (Altomare et al., 1999), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997), WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1···O1i | 0.77 (4) | 1.87 (4) | 2.632 (4) | 168 (5) |
O2—H2···O2i | 0.79 (5) | 1.83 (5) | 2.618 (4) | 173 (5) |
Symmetry code: (i) −y+1, −x+1, −z+3/2. |
References
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In this paper it is reported the crystal structure of a new polymorph, (I), of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, produced unexpectedly during an attempt to synthesize cocrystals of boronic acid with of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid. The known form, (II) (Fig. 3), of of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid is orthorhombic in the space group P212121 and crystallizes with one molecule in the asymmetric unit (Swaminathan et al., 1976; Bryan & White, 1982; Portalone, 2009). In (II), due to the antiplanar conformation adopted by the OH group, the molecular components are associated in the crystal in chains stabilized by linear O—H···O hydrogen bonds.
The title new polymorph (I) is tetragonal in the space group P41212. The asymmetric unit of (I) comprises a non-planar independent molecule, as the o-methoxy substituents force the carboxy group to be twisted away from the plane of the phenyl ring by 65.72 (15)° (Fig. 1). The carboxy group, which adopts a synplanar conformation, is almost completely disordered, as indicated by the equal C—O distances, 1.254 (3) and 1.250 (3) Å, the C—C—O angles, 118.9 (2) and 117.8 (2)°, and by the presence of disordered H atoms with occupancy factors of 0.53 (5) and 0.47 (5) in the O···O intermolecular hydrogen bond. The pattern of bond lengths and bond angles of the phenyl ring is consistent with that reported in the structure determination of (II), and a comparison of the present results with those obtained for similar benzene derivatives in the gas phase (Schultz et al., 1993; Portalone et al., 1998) shows no appreciable effects of the crystal environment on the ring deformation induced by substituents. Analysis of the crystal packing of (I), (Fig. 2), shows that the molecular components form the conventional dimeric units observed in benzoic acids (Leiserowitz, 1976; Kanters et al., 1991; Moorthy et al., 2002). Indeed, the structure is stabilized by usual intermolecular C22(8) O—H···O interactions (Etter et al., 1990; Bernstein et al., 1995; Motherwell et al., 1999) (Table 1) which link the molecules into dimers through the disordered carboxy moieties [symmetry code: (i) -y + 1, -x + 1, -z + 3/2].